NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum

Q: What are the main uses of coal?

Coal's primary uses include: Electricity Generation: Burning coal is used in power plants to produce steam, which drives turbines connected to generators. I ndustrial Processes: Coal is used in the production of cement, steel, and other industrial materials. Heating: Coal is also used for residential and industrial heating in some regions.

Edited By Shivani Poonia | Updated on Apr 29, 2025 02:03 PM IST

Have you ever thought of where coal comes from or where petrol comes from, which are the most important sources of energy? Coal and petroleum are non-renewable resources of energy that power industries, transportation, and even our homes. These are known as fossil fuels because they are formed from the remains of ancient animals and plants buried millions of years ago. In this NCERT chapter, Coal and Petroleum, you will learn about the formation of coal and petroleum, the different types of resources of energy resources, their uses, and how they contribute to our daily energy needs. This chapter also covers the environmental impact of burning coal and petroleum, and why it is important to look for renewable alternative energy sources for the future.

This Story also Contains

Free download of coal and petroleum class 8 questions and answers PDF for CBSE exam.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum: Solved Questions
NCERT Solutions For Class 8 Science- Chapter-Wise
Class 8 Science Chapter 3 NCERT Solutions: Important Formulas and Points
Coal And Petroleum Class 8 Science Chapter 3-Topics
Benefits of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum-
Key Features of Class 8 Science Chapter 3 NCERT Solutions
NCERT Solutions For Class 8: Subject-Wise

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum

The NCERT Class 8 Science Solutions Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum are designed by our experienced subject matter experts to offer a structured approach to these important concepts and help students to develop a clear understanding of complex problems through a series of solved examples and conceptual explanations. These solutions also provide a valuable resource to the students to improve their performance in board exams. Our subject matter experts ensure that through NCERT solutions, students can gain maximum knowledge of the chapter.

Free download of coal and petroleum class 8 questions and answers PDF for CBSE exam.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum: Solved Questions

Q1. What are the advantages of using CNG and LPG as fuels?

Answer:

Advantages of using CNG and LPG-

These are less polluting and cleaner fuels.
They can be burnt directly.
Transportation of these fuels is easily done through the pipeline system.
CNG and LPG have high calorific values.

Q2. Name the petroleum product used for surfacing of roads.

Answer:

These days, bitumen is a petroleum product that is used to surfacing the roads. Previously we use coal-tar for the same purpose.

Q3. Describe how coal is formed from dead vegetation. What is this process called?

Answer:

About 300 million year ago, Due to the natural calamities like flooding, storms and earthquake, the dense forests got buried under the soil. they were compressed, As more soil deposited over them. Under deep in the soil they were exposed to high pressure and high temperature, dead plants and animals slowly converted into coal. These process of conversion called carbonisation.

Q4. Fill in the blanks.
(a) Fossil fuels are ____________, and __________ .
(b) Process of separation of different constituents from petroleum is called_________ .
(c) Least polluting fuel for vehicle is __________.

Answer:

(a) Fossil fuels are coal and natural gas.
(b) The process of separation of different constituents from petroleum is called refining.
(c) The least polluting fuel for a vehicle is CNG (compressed natural gas) .

Q 5.(a) Tick True/False against the following statements.

Fossil fuels can be made in the laboratory. (T/F)

Answer:

(False) Dead plants and animals were buried inside the earth, deep down they were exposed to high pressure and temperature. under this condition, they slowly convert into Fossil fuels.

Q 5(b) Tick True and False against the following statements

(b) CNG is a more polluting fuel than petrol. (T/F)

Answer:

False, it is less polluting and a cleaner fuel.

Q 5 (c). Tick True/False against the following statements.

Coke is almost a pure form of carbon. (T/F)

Answer:

True,

Q 5 (d). Tick True/False against the following statements.

Coal tar is a mixture of various substances. (T/F)

Answer:

True,

it is a mixture of about 200 substances.

Q 5 (e). Tick True/False against the following statements.

Kerosene is not a fossil fuel. (T/F)
Answer:

False

Q 6. Explain why fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources.

Answer:

To regenerate, fossils fuels required millions of year. Deep inside the earth, they need high pressure and high temperature and it cannot be obtained in the laboratory. Their rate of conversion from dead vegetation to coal is very slow as compared to their rate of consumption. Therefore, they will exhaust in the near future.

Q 7. Describe characteristics and uses of coke.

Answer:

Characteristics of coke-

tough
porous
black substance

Uses of coke-

In the manufacture of steel
In the extraction of metals

Q 8. Explain the process of formation of petroleum.

Answer:

Petroleum was formed from the dead animals and plants, which live in the sea. when they died, their bodies settled at the bottom of the sea and covered by the layers of soil. After a million years, absence of air, high temperature and pressure transformed these dead organisms into petroleum and natural gas.

Q 9. The following Table shows the total power shortage in India from 1991–1997. Show the data in the form of a graph. Plot shortage percentage for the years on the Y-axis and the year on the X-axis.

S.No.	Year	Shortage(%)
1	1991	7.9
2	1992	7.8
3	1993	8.3
4	1994	7.4
5	1995	7.1
6	1996	9.2
7	1997	11.5

Answer:

X-axis = 1 unit = 1 year

Y-axis = 1 unit = 2% shortage

Don’t forget to study the story of coal, as it's a very interesting part of NCERT Solutions Class 8 Science chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum. You must be thinking about why it is important to know about these resources, and the answer is, a massive increase in the use of nonrenewable resources due to the increased population.

Now, the point of the issue is that due to high demand and an increase in the population, nonrenewable resources are in danger as they can be exhausted. So, how to decrease their usage as well as how to maintain their quantity is mentioned in Class 8 Science Chapter 3, Coal and Petroleum. You will get all the answers to the NCERT solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3, Coal and Petroleum here.

Another important topic which you will study in Chapter 3, Coal and Petroleum, is Natural gas; it is a very important fossil fuel because it can be easily transferred through pipes. Natural gas is stored under high pressure as compressed natural gas (CNG). It is now being used as a fuel for transport vehicles because it is less polluting.

After going through it properly, it will be easy for you to answer why coal and petroleum are called non-renewable natural resources. What are the advantages of natural gas?

So, try to attempt the NCERT questions. In case if you have any queries, refer to the NCERT solutions for Class 8 Science chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum, it will help you to score more marks in the exam.

NCERT Solutions For Class 8 Science- Chapter-Wise

Chapter 1	Crop Production and Management
Chapter 2	Microorganisms Friend and Foe In Microorganisms
Chapter 3	Coal and Petroleum
Chapter 4	Combustion and Flame
Chapter 5	Conservation of Plants and Animals
Chapter 6	Reproduction in Animals
Chapter 7	Reaching the Age of Adolescence
Chapter 8	Force and Pressure
Chapter 9	Friction
Chapter 10	Sound
Chapter 11	Chemical Effects of Electric Current
Chapter 12	Some Natural Phenomena
Chapter 13	Light

Class 8 Science Chapter 3 NCERT Solutions: Important Formulas and Points

Energy

Energy can be derived from natural resources and transferred as heat or work.
There are different types of energy, including mechanical, chemical, thermal, nuclear, solar, wind, sound, and electrical energy.
Energy can change from one form to another, following the law of conservation of energy.

Natural Resources

Natural resources are provided by the Earth and are categorized into two types.
Inexhaustible or renewable natural resources are available in unlimited quantities, such as sunlight and wind.
Exhaustible or non-renewable natural resources are limited in quantity, like coal and petroleum.

Fossil Fuels

Fossil fuels are exhaustible resources formed from the decomposition of organic matter, including coal and natural gas.

Energy Stored in Fossil Fuels

Fossil fuels store energy derived from the decayed remains of animals and plants that existed over millions of years.

Energy Utilization from Fossil Fuels

Industries use approximately 40% of the energy generated from fossil fuels.
The transportation sector consumes around 24% of this energy.
Farms utilize about 6% of fossil fuel energy.
Approximately 30% of the energy is used for domestic and other purposes.

Coal Formation

Coal is a black-coloured fossil fuel extracted from the ground and used for various purposes.
The formation of coal begins with peat.

Peat

Peat is a dark, fibrous fuel made up of partly decomposed plant matter.
It represents the initial stage in the formation of coal.

Formation of Coal

Coal forms when dead vegetation undergoes a transformation under high pressure and temperature.
This process is known as carbonization.

Coal And Petroleum Class 8 Science Chapter 3-Topics

Topics for class 8 science chapter 3 question answer are given below:

Inexhaustible Natural Resources
Exhaustible Natural Resources
Coal
Story of Coal
Coke
Fossil fuel
Coal Tar
Coal Gas
Petroleum
Refining of Petroleum
Natural Gas
Some Natural Resources are Limited

Benefits of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum-

Homework will be an easy task with the NCERT solutions for Class 8 Science chapter 3, Coal and Petroleum, in hand.
It will give you in-depth knowledge of your subject.
You can score well in the exam with the help of these solutions of NCERT solutions for Class 8 Science chapter 3, Coal and Petroleum.
It will strengthen your fundamental concepts of science.
It will develop your logical approach and methodology towards science and other subjects.
Your homework will be easier with these solutions from the NCERT.

Key Features of Class 8 Science Chapter 3 NCERT Solutions

Comprehensive Coverage: The coal and petroleum class 8 solutions help students understand all the key concepts and topics.
Step-by-Step Explanation: The coal and petroleum class 8 NCERT solutions offer step-by-step explanations for each question, making it easier for students to grasp the concepts.
Clear and Concise Language: The Class 8 Science Chapter 3 question answers are written in clear and concise language, ensuring that students can easily follow along.
Concept Clarity: The Class 8 coal and petroleum NCERT solutions aim to clarify all the concepts presented in the chapter, ensuring that students have a strong understanding of the subject matter.
Exam Preparation: These coal and petroleum class 8 questions and answers serve as an essential tool for exam preparation, helping students score well in their Class 8 exams.

NCERT Solutions For Class 8: Subject-Wise

Also Check NCERT Books and NCERT Syllabus here:

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Are coal and petroleum renewable resources?

Coal and petroleum are non-renewable resources of energy because there is a finite supply of these resources. They take millions of years to form, and we are using them at a much faster rate than they can be replenished.

2. What is petroleum refining?

Petroleum refining: It is the process of separating crude oil into its different components, based on their boiling points. This is done by a process called fractional distillation. Each fraction can be further processed to produce various products.

3. What are coal and petroleum?

Coal and petroleum both are fossil fuels; they are also known as crude oil. They are naturally formed from the remains of ancient organisms that lived millions of years ago. They are both primarily composed of compounds of hydrogen and carbon.

4. What are the main uses of coal?

Coal's primary uses include:

Electricity Generation: Burning coal is used in power plants to produce steam, which drives turbines connected to generators.
Industrial Processes: Coal is used in the production of cement, steel, and other industrial materials.
Heating: Coal is also used for residential and industrial heating in some regions.

5. What are the environmental impacts of extracting and using petroleum?

Extracting and using petroleum also have significant environmental impacts:

Air Pollution: When we burn petroleum-based fuels, it releases air pollutants like NOx, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate matter, contributing to smog and respiratory problems.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Burning of petroleum-based fuels releases CO, CO2, contributing to climate change.
Oil Spills: Oil spills from pipelines and tankers can damage marine ecosystems.

Water Pollution: Oil extraction and refining processes can also pollute water sources.

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Popular Questions

A block of mass 0.50 kg is moving with a speed of 2.00 ms^-1 on a smooth surface. It strikes another mass of 1.00 kg and then they move together as a single body. The energy loss during the collision is

Option 1) $0.34\; J$	Option 2) $0.16\; J$
Option 3) $1.00\; J$	Option 4) $0.67\; J$

A person trying to lose weight by burning fat lifts a mass of 10 kg upto a height of 1 m 1000 times. Assume that the potential energy lost each time he lowers the mass is dissipated. How much fat will he use up considering the work done only when the weight is lifted up ? Fat supplies 3.8×10⁷J of energy per kg which is converted to mechanical energy with a 20% efficiency rate. Take g = 9.8 ms⁻² :

Option 1)

2.45×10⁻³ kg

Option 2)

6.45×10⁻³ kg

Option 3)

9.89×10⁻³ kg

Option 4)

12.89×10⁻³ kg

An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated to be in the range

Option 1) $2,000 \; J - 5,000\; J$	Option 2) $200 \, \, J - 500 \, \, J$
Option 3) $2\times 10^{5}J-3\times 10^{5}J$	Option 4) $20,000 \, \, J - 50,000 \, \, J$

A particle is projected at 60⁰ to the horizontal with a kinetic energy $K$ . The kinetic energy at the highest point

Option 1) $K/2\,$	Option 2) $\; K\;$
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In the reaction,

$2Al_{(s)}+6HCL_{(aq)}\rightarrow 2Al^{3+}\, _{(aq)}+6Cl^{-}\, _{(aq)}+3H_{2(g)}$

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Option 3) $33.6 L\, H_{2(g)}$ is produced regardless of temperature and pressure for every mole Al that reacts	Option 4) $67.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}$ at STP is produced for every mole Al that reacts .

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Option 1) 0.02	Option 2) 3.125 × 10^-2
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If we consider that 1/6, in place of 1/12, mass of carbon atom is taken to be the relative atomic mass unit, the mass of one mole of a substance will

Option 1) decrease twice	Option 2) increase two fold
Option 3) remain unchanged	Option 4) be a function of the molecular mass of the substance.

With increase of temperature, which of these changes?

Option 1) Molality	Option 2) Weight fraction of solute
Option 3) Fraction of solute present in water	Option 4) Mole fraction.

Number of atoms in 558.5 gram Fe (at. wt.of Fe = 55.85 g mol^-1) is

Option 1) twice that in 60 g carbon	Option 2) 6.023 × 10²²
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