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NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26 - Download Syllabus PDF

NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26 - Download Syllabus PDF

Edited By Shivani Poonia | Updated on Jul 18, 2025 09:54 AM IST

Why sprinkling salt over ice makes it melt faster, what makes medicines so effective and how batteries store and release energy? The answer to all these questions lies in the NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26. From the fizz of cold drinks to the curing effect of medicine, the Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2025 uncovers the science behind everyday phenomena. Most of the Advanced topics of organic, inorganic and physical chemistry is covered in this syllabus, making it essential for students pursuing science.

This Story also Contains
  1. NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26
  2. NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry -(Practical Examination)
  3. How to Download the NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26?
  4. NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2025-26: Key Highlights
  5. How to Prepare for NCERT CBSE Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26?
  6. Best Reference books for CBSE Class 12 Chemistry
  7. NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Other Subjects
NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26 - Download Syllabus PDF
NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26 - Download Syllabus PDF

This NCERT syllabus for Class 12 is not just confined to textbooks or labs but also extends to real life. The NCERT class 12 Chemistry syllabus is a perfect blend of theoretical and practical knowledge. It covers topics like Chemical kinetics, Electrochemistry, Biomolecules, Coordination compounds, and organic chemistry, which helps students to understand the science behind medicines, enzymes, and industrial reactions. This NCERT Syllabus helps students to develop strong conceptual knowledge and problem-solving ability, which helps them score well in the Boards and competitive exams.

NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26

The NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry is divided into three parts: Organic, Inorganic, and Physical, comprising a total of 10 chapters. Below is the unit-wise breakdown of each chapter in the theory part.

Chapter 1: Solutions

This chapter is about the properties of solutions and their types. The concepts like Raoult's law and the van't Hoff factor are well discussed here.

1.1 Types Of Solution
1.2 Expression Of Concentration Of Solution
1.3 Solubility
1.4 Vapour Pressure of Liquid Solutions
1.5 Ideal and Non-Ideal Solutions
1.6 Colligative properties and determination of Molar mass
1.7 Abnormal molar masses

Chapter 2: Electrochemistry

The chapter Electrochemistry will tell you the difference between the types of cells, like electrochemical or galvanic cells. You learn to deduce the EMF of cells in this chapter.

2.1 Electrochemical Cell
2.2 Galvanic Cells
2.3 Nernst Equation
2.4 Conductance of Electrolytic Solutions
2.5 Electrolytic cell and Electrolysis
2.6 Batteries
2.7 Fuel Cells
2.8 Corrosion

Chapter 3: Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Kinetics is one of the most important topics in chemistry, as it forms the basis of other chapters as well. You will learn the factors that regulate the rate of a reaction.

3.1 Rate Of Reaction
3.2 Factors Influencing the Rate of Reaction
3.3 Integrated Rate Equation
3.4 Temperature dependence of the Rate of reaction
3.5 Collision theory of Chemical reaction

Chapter 4: d and f Block Elements

The chapter d and f Block Elements is a detailed study of d- and f-block elements and their properties.

4.1 Position in the periodic table
4.2 Electronic configuration of the d- d-block elements
4.3 General properties of the transition elements
4.4 Some important compounds of Transition elements
4.5 The Lanthanides
4.6 The Actinides
4.7 Some applications of d- and f-block elements

Chapter 5: Coordination Compounds

The chapter Coordination Compounds is the most complex yet interesting chapter of chemistry. You will learn many new concepts here

5.1 Werner’s Theory of Coordination Compounds
5.2 Definition of some important terms of coordination compounds
5.3 Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds
5.4 Isomerism In Coordination Complexes
5.5 Bonding in Coordination Compounds
5.6 Bonding in metal carbonyls
5.7 Importance and Application of Coordination Compounds

Chapter 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

This chapter, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, will focus on halogen-substituted hydrocarbons and their chemical behaviour, as nucleophilic substitution reactions.

6.1 Classification
6.2 Nomenclature
6.3 Nature of C-X bond
6.4 Methods of Preparation of Haloalkanes
6.5 Preparation of Haloarenes
6.6 Physical properties
6.7 Chemical Reactions
6.8 Polyhalogen compounds

Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers

The chapter Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers deals with the structure, properties and reactions of oxygen-containing organic compounds.

7.1 Classification
7.2 Nomenclature
7.3 Structures of Functional Groups
7.4 Alcohols and Phenols
7.5 Some commercially important alcohols
7.6 Ethers

Chapter 8: Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids

The chapter Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids will cover important carbonyl compounds, their properties and reactions like nucleophilic addition and oxidation.

8.1 Nomenclature and Structure of Carbonyl Compounds
8.2 Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
8.3 Physical properties
8.4 Chemical Reactions
8.5 Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones
8.6 Nomenclature of the Carbonyl Group
8.7 Methods of preparation of Carboxylic acids
8.8 Physical properties
8.9 Chemical reactions
8.10 Uses of Carboxylic Acid

Chapter 9: Amines

The Amines section introduces nitrogen-containing compounds and their basic nature, preparation and uses

9.1 Structure of Amines
9.2 Classification
9.3 Nomenclature
9.4 Preparation of Amines
9.5 Physical properties
9.6 Chemical reactions
9.7 Methods of Preparation of Diazonium Salt
9.8 Physical properties
9.9 Chemical reactions
9.10 Importance of diazonium salt in the synthesis of Aromatic compounds

Chapter 10: Biomolecules

This chapter, Biomolecules, will introduce students to the chemical compounds that form the basis of life such as carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids and enzymes. It will help you understand how these molecules function in the body and support vital biological processes.

10.1 Carbohydrates
10.2 Proteins
10.3 Enzymes
10.4 Vitamins
10.5 Nucleic acid
10.6 Hormones

NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry -(Practical Examination)

CBSE also conducts a practical examination of 30 marks for 3 hours. These practicals help students apply theoretical knowledge through hands-on activities and experiments.

Practicals

Marks

Volumetric analysis

8

Salt analysis

8

Content-Based Experiment

6

Project work

4

Class record and viva

4

Total

30

PRACTICAL SYLLABUS

List of practical experiments which are performed in the laboratory.

A. Surface Chemistry

  1. Preparation of one lyophilic and one lyophobic sol. Lyophilic sol - starch, egg albumin and gum. Lyophobic sol - aluminium hydroxide, ferric hydroxide, arsenous sulphide.
  2. Dialysis of sol prepared in (1) above.
  3. Study of the role of emulsifying agents in stabilizing the emulsion of different oils.

B. Chemical Kinetics

  1. Effect of concentration and temperature on the rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid.
  2. Study of reaction rates of any one of the following:
  • Reaction of Iodide ion with Hydrogen Peroxide at room temperature using different concentrations of Iodide ions.
  • Reaction between Potassium Iodate, (KIO3) and Sodium Sulphite: (Na2SO3) using starch solution as an indicator (clock reaction)

C. Thermochemistry

Any one of the following experiments

  1. Enthalpy of dissolution of Copper Sulphate or Potassium Nitrate.
  2. Enthalpy of neutralisation of strong acid (HCI) and strong base (NaOH).
  3. Determination of enthalpy change during interaction (Hydrogen bond formation) between Acetone and Chloroform.

D. Electrochemistry

Variation of cell potential in Zn/Zn2+|| Cu2+/Cu with change in concentration of electrolytes (CuSO4 or ZnSO4) at room temperature.

E. Chromatography

  1. Separation of pigments from extracts of leaves and flowers by paper chromatography and determination of Rf values.
  2. Separation of constituents present in an inorganic mixture containing two cations only (constituents having a large difference in Rf values to be provided).

F. Preparation of Inorganic Compounds

Preparation of double salt of Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate or Potash Alum. Preparation of Potassium Ferric Oxalate.

G. Preparation of Organic Compounds

Preparation of any one of the following compounds

  • i) Acetanilide ii) Di-benzalAcetone iii) p-Nitroacetanilide iv) Aniline yellow or 2-Naphthol Anilinedye.

H. Tests for the functional groups present in organic compounds:

Unsaturation, alcoholic, phenolic, aldehydic, ketonic, carboxylic and amino (Primary) groups.

I. Characteristic tests of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in pure samples and their detection in given foodstuffs.

J. Determination of concentration/ molarity of KMnO4 solution by titrating it against a standard solution of:

  1. Oxalic acid
  2. Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate (Students will be required to prepare standard solutions by weighing themselves).

K. Qualitative analysis

Determination of one anion and one cation in a given salt

  • Cation: Pb2+, Cu2+, As3+, Aℓ3+ , Fe3+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4+
  • Anions: $(Co_{3})^{2-}$ , S2- , $(So_{3})^{2-}$ , $(NO_{2})^{-}$ , $(So_{4})^{2-}$ , Cℓ- , Br- , I- , $(PO_{4})^{3-}$ , $(C_{2}O_{4})^{2-}$ , CH3COO- , $(NO_{3})^{-}$

Note: Insoluble salts are excluded

INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

Scientific investigations involve laboratory testing and collecting information from other sources. A few suggested Projects.

  1. Study of the presence of oxalate ions in guava fruit at different stages of ripening.
  2. Study the quantity of casein present in different samples of milk.
  3. Preparation of soybean milk and its comparison with natural milk with respect to curd formation, the effect of temperature, etc.
  4. Study of the effect of Potassium Bisulphate as a food preservative under various conditions (temperature, concentration, time, etc.)
  5. Study of digestion of starch by salivary amylase and the effect of pH and temperature on it.
  6. Comparative study of the rate of fermentation of the following materials: wheat flour, gram flour, potato juice, carrot juice, etc.
  7. Extraction of essential oils present in Saunf (aniseed), Ajwain (carum), and Illaichi (cardamom).
  8. Study of common food adulterants in fat, oil, butter, sugar, turmeric powder, chilli powder and pepper.

Note: Any other investigatory project, which involves about 10 periods of work, can be chosen with the approval of the teacher.

How to Download the NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26?

Follow the step-by-step instructions below to download the NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26:

Step 1: Go to the official NCERT website at http://ncert.nic.in.

Step 2: On the home page, in the 'Search' option, type 'Syllabus' and click on it. This will take you to the syllabus page.

Step 3: Click on the 'Syllabus for Secondary and Higher Secondary classes' option. The syllabus PDF will open.

Step 4: Choose the "Chemistry Class XI to XII Syllabus" in the PDF.

Step 5: The NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus PDF will be displayed on your screen. Download and save it for future use.

Note*: The Latest Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry is not updated on the NCERT official website. Students can download the latest NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26 from this page, which is given below.

NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2025-26: Key Highlights

Some features of the NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus are given below:

  • As per past trends, significant numbers of questions are expected to be directly from the NCERT books for Class 12 Chemistry.
  • After referring to the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus, students will get to know about the exam pattern and marking scheme.
  • The NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry provide step-by-step explanations for questions, which allow students to strengthen their conceptual knowledge and clarify doubts.
  • Some of the units that carry high weightage in the CBSE Class 12 syllabus are electrochemistry, Haloalkanes and haloarenes, etc.

How to Prepare for NCERT CBSE Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26?

The following are the points that can help you in preparing for the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus-

  • Students are advised to concentrate on units having high weightage in the Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2025-26.
  • Candidates should not rush during the preparation of the chemistry exam, as it is based on several fundamental concepts that will be cleared only after a thorough, in-depth study.
  • Students should refer to the Latest Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry for the exam. However, some reference books can be used for deeper knowledge.
  • Organic chemistry’s basic concepts should be clear. On the other hand, physical chemistry and its numerical methods should be regularly practised.

Best Reference books for CBSE Class 12 Chemistry

This CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus acts as a building block for chemistry preparation. However, some reference books should also be referred to by the students for in-depth information on the NCERT Class 12 Chemistry syllabus. Some of the best reference books for Chemistry Class 12th are mentioned below:

  • CBSE Chapterwise Solutions Chemistry (Class 12) A Collection of Fully Solved Questions - by Purnima Sharma
  • Chemistry Class XII - by OP Tandon, A.K. Virmani, A.S. Singh
  • Pradeep’s New Course Chemistry Class-XII (Set Of 2 Volumes) - by Pradeep Publications
  • Concise Inorganic Chemistry 5th Edition (Paperback) - by J. D. Lee
  • Modern’s ABC of Chemistry Class 12 (Part 1 & 2) (With CD) - by S. P. Jauhar

NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Other Subjects

Follow the links below to get your hands on the syllabus available for other subjects.

NCERT Books for Class 12

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is the NCERT syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26 academic year?

The NCERT syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26 academic year includes various topics designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of chemical principles. The syllabus encompasses foundational concepts such as chemical bonding, thermodynamics, equilibrium, and organic chemistry. It aims to prepare students for their board examinations and further studies in science.

2. What is the significance of studying the NCERT class 12 chemistry syllabus?

Studying the NCERT class 12 chemistry syllabus is essential for students as it provides a strong foundation in chemistry, which is a fundamental subject in science. It helps students develop analytical and problem-solving skills, understand the basic principles of chemistry, and apply this knowledge in various fields, such as medicine, engineering, and environmental science.

3. Are there any significant changes in the NCERT syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry 2025-26 session compared to previous years?

The NCERT syllabus is periodically updated to reflect the latest scientific advancements and educational approaches. For the 2025-26 session, students should check the official NCERT site to find detailed information about any changes. Being aware of these updates helps students adapt their studies and focus on new or modified content to be well-prepared.

4. Where can I find additional resources to supplement my study of the NCERT Class 12 Chemistry syllabus?

Additional resources to supplement your study of the NCERT Class 12 Chemistry syllabus can be found in various places. Educational websites, online platforms, and YouTube channels offer tutorials, video lectures, and practice questions that align with the syllabus. Additionally, reference books and guide materials specifically designed for NCERT can provide further insights and explanations.

5. What is the best way to prepare for the Class 12 Chemistry exam?

 Thorough understanding of NCERT concepts, solving textbook questions (including examples and exercises), practicing previous years' papers, and regular revision are key to prepare for the exam.

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