NCERT Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025-26 has been adopted widely not only in schools under the CBSE system but also in most State Board schools of India. CBSE also follows the updated NCERT syllabus diligently so that there is a standardised and high quality curriculum. The entire syllabus of Physics Class 12 of the year 2025-26 can be accessed here to the convenience of the students. To study effectively, students should take the CBSE Class 12 date sheet 2025-26, develop a carefully organized study schedule before the Board exams, and download the date sheet.
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The NCERT syllabus for Class 12 offers an in-depth description of the topics that are to be covered when completing the Physics subject, its examination structure, the practical work, and investigatory project, as well as the piece of invaluable advice. Students can use it to learn about topic-wise weightage, marking scheme, and important chapters. By reading further, you can get the overall idea of the full NCERT syllabus of Class 12 Physics 2025-26 and learn about the structure of exams to improve how you prepare.
The NCERT CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025-26 provides the entire course structure, unit wise topics, practical work and marking scheme of syllabus applicable in the examination of the year 2025-26. It is designed according to the CBSE specifications and enables the students to study in a systematic manner to clear the board exams yet maintain a clarity of concepts and well developed reasoning skills.
The practical section consists of 30 marks and the period of time totals to 3 hours, it includes two experiments (7+7 marks), a practical report, an activity, an investigatory project, and a viva. This applied test makes sure that students learn how to be competent in the aspects of experimentation, data recording, and conceptual knowledge.
This Physics practical Class 12th Syllabus (2025-26) is designed to strengthen the students on theoretical concepts by using their experimental skills. It promotes scientific research, data management, and application-based learning, which equips the students with both the board examination and real life prob- lem-solving abilities
SECTION–A | |
Experiments | Activities |
1. To determine resistivity of two / three wires by plotting a graph for potential difference versus current. 2. To find resistance of a given wire / standard resistor using metre bridge. 3. To verify the laws of combination (series) of resistances using a metre bridge. OR 4. To verify the laws of combination (parallel) of resistances using a metre bridge. 5. To determine resistance of a galvanometer by half-deflection method and to find its figure of merit. 6. To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into a voltmeter of desired range and to verify the same. OR 7. To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into an ammeter of desired range and to verify the same. 8. To find the frequency of AC mains with a sonometer. |
1. To measure the resistance and impedance of an inductor with or without iron core. 2. To measure resistance, voltage (AC/DC), current (AC) and check continuity of a given circuit using multimeter. 3. To assemble a household circuit comprising three bulbs, three (on/off) switches, a fuse and a power source. 4. To assemble the components of a given electrical circuit. 5. To study the variation in potential drop with length of a wire for a steady current. 6. To draw the diagram of a given open circuit comprising at least a battery, resistor/rheostat, key, ammeter and voltmeter. Mark the components that are not connected in proper order and correct the circuit and also the circuit diagram. |
SECTION-B | |
Experiments | Activities |
1. To find the value of v for different values of u in case of a concave mirror and to find the focal length. 2. To find the focal length of a convex mirror, using a convex lens. 3. To find the focal length of a convex lens by plotting graphs between u and v or between 1/u and 1/v. 4. To find the focal length of a concave lens, using a convex lens. 5. To determine angle of minimum deviation for a given prism by plotting a graph between angle of incidence and angle of deviation. 6. To determine refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope. 7. To find the refractive index of a liquid using convex lens and plane mirror. 8. To find the refractive index of a liquid using a concave mirror and a plane mirror. 9. To draw the I-V characteristic curve for a p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias. |
1. To identify a diode, an LED, a resistor and a capacitor from a mixed collection of such items. 2. Use of multimeter to see the unidirectional flow of current in case of a diode and an LED and check whether a given electronic component (e.g., diode) is in working order. 3. To study effect of intensity of light (by varying distance of the source) on an LDR. 4. To observe refraction and lateral deviation of a beam of light incident obliquely on a glass slab. 5. To observe diffraction of light due to a thin slit. 6. To study the nature and size of the image formed by a (i) convex lens, or (ii) concave mirror, on a screen by using a candle and a screen (for different distances of the candle from the lens/mirror). 7. To obtain a lens combination with the specified focal length by using two lenses from the given set of lenses. |
Suggested Investigatory Projects | |
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Physics CBSE theory paper (70 marks, 3 hours) is regular pattern of question paper that includes questions organized into cognitive level categories including Remembering, Understanding, Applying and Higher Order Thinking Skills as shown in the standardised question paper design published alongside the new syllabus.
The Physics syllabus acts as a key to preparing students well. Students must go through the NCERT Book for Class 12 Physics thoroughly to cover the entire syllabus. Some of the benefits of the same are mentioned below:
The NCERT syllabus is the common curriculum for most of the board exams and other exams, such as the KVPY scholarship exam. Thus, this will help candidates prepare for other exams as well, along with the 12th board.
The syllabus helps the students to prepare for the exams in a definite pattern and structure.
The NCERT Syllabus for class 12 Physics gives a clear idea to a student about the important topics of the exam.
It also mentions the weightage of different units and chapters, which helps to get an overview of the marks distribution in the exam.
Also read,
NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Other Subjects
The candidates can download the NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Physics using the following steps given below.
Step 1: Click on the link https://cbseacademic.nic.in/curriculum_2026.html.
Step 2: A page will open on the screen. Click on "Senior Secondary Curriculum Class (XI-XII).
Step 3: Then click on 'Academic Electives - (Group - A) and click on the Physics subject.
Step 4: The Class 12 Physics Syllabus will be displayed on the screen.
The NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics consist of the detailed and step by step solutions to all the chapter wise questions of the NCERT textbook. The solutions assist students to build conceptual understanding, enhance their problem-solving abilities and make them ready to face boards and competitive exams.
Try to give answers using pictorial or graphical representations as this way is more appealing and understandable.
Students are advised to practice numerical and derivations daily. The basic concepts must be clear to score high
Candidates should learn the S.I. units for all physical entities. This will make it easy for them to solve numerical.
Prefer making a list of derivations, formulae, and experiments so that students may go through them frequently. This will help them to remember the formulae well.
While solving a derivation, try to understand the logic behind them. Understanding the concept behind the derivation will help the candidates to broaden their technical knowledge.
After finishing the syllabus, students must solve questions from CBSE 12 sample papers and books like Exam Idea in Physics.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Yes, CBSE has done some little amendments and revision in topics and practicals. The last syllabus is to be followed by students.
The syllabus contains a total of nine units with topics like Electrostatics, Magnetism, Optics, Modern Physics, and Electronics.
It will contain Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs), Assertion-Reasoning, Short Answer, Long Answer and Case-based type Questions.
Emphasis on experiments, viva questions, project work and laboratory records. Train yourself to draw some tidy diagrams and master the principle of every experiment.
Yes these are the NCERT textbooks and exemplar problems that are the main ones but additional practice papers can also be solved to understand it more.
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