NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science

Chapter 2 Solutions Acids Bases and Salts: We come across many substance changes like milk to curd, grapes get fermented, food gets digested, dissolving of salt in the water, ice to water in our everyday life. In the above, there are two types of changes in the nature of substance, some are physical changes while some are chemical changes as we have learnt in the previous classes. When a substance changes its chemical properties, we say chemical reactions have taken place. In this chapter, you will study the reactions of acids and bases, strong and weak acids, strong and weak base, acid-base reaction known as neutralising reaction and formation of salt, how acids and bases cancel out each other’s effects, acid and base reactions with metal oxides and metal carbonate, and many more interesting things that we use and see in our day-to-day life. Here, you will also study what is pH, pH scale and its range. Also, chemical salts like bleaching powder, baking powder, washing soda, plaster of Paris, etc formation, use and properties are explained in this chapter.

Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals: In NCERT class 9 we have already learnt about elements. Metals and non-metals can be classified on the basis of their properties. This chapter starts with physical properties of metals and non-metals like melting point, physical properties at room temperature, tensile strength, appearance and covers all chemical properties of metals and non-metals, reactions of metals and non-metals with oxygen gas, water, other metal salts, and acids. This chapter is full of daily life experiments that make it easy to understand these elements.

Chapter 4 Carbon and Its Compounds: Carbon is a very important element in organic and inorganic chemistry. Organic chemistry is the study of properties, structure, and reaction of carbon-containing compounds. In this chapter, we will study about some carbon-containing compounds and it's properties, bonding in carbon, versatile nature of carbon, saturated and unsaturated carbon compound, homologous series, noman culture of carbon compound, chemical properties like combustion, oxidation, addition reaction, substitution reaction, and some important compound and it's properties etc. NCERT solutions for class 10 science will also teach you about the nomenclature used in science which is very important for further studies. Also, you will be learning about carbon, an element which is of immense significance to us in both its elemental and in the combined form.

Chapter 5 Periodic Classification of Elements: The matter around us is present in the form of elements, compound or mixture. There are 118 elements found till today and all these elements have different properties. Classification makes it easier to learn about them and our focus in this chapter should be to understand how the classification works. The classification is very important to study the physical and chemical properties of all elements. So, scientists have arranged all elements in certain rows and columns based on their properties and created the periodic table. This chapter will cover the history of the periodic table starting from Dobereiner's Triads to the modern periodic table, properties, and trend of elements in the modern periodic table. This chapter is the most important chapter of CBSE NCERT class 10th science as it is very useful in class 11th and 12th.

Chapter 6 Life Processes: How do we differentiate if someone is alive or not? Generally by the visible movements like running, shouting, or breathing. However, some animals breathe in such a manner that it is not visible to the naked eye. Then how we can identify who is alive? In this chapter, you will get answers to all these questions and more. The invisible molecular movement is necessary for life. Life process involves various activities by the digestive system, respiratory system, and circulation system performed by the living organisms to sustain their living. class 10 science NCERT solutions gives you the answers to various questions like how organisms obtain their nutrition to stay alive, what is life and its processes, what is nutrition for human beings and plants and how it works.

Chapter 7 Control and Coordination: In the previous chapter you have learnt about the life process and how molecular movement is necessary to stay alive. But we make these movement responses to the environment in a controlled manner. All living organisms have a control and coordination system.In multicellular organisms, specialized tissues are used to control and coordinate. Here, you will study this control and coordination system, nervous system, the human brain, coordination in the plant, hormones in animals, etc.

Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce: Reproduction is a biological process by which new individual organisms are born from their parents. It involves creating a new DNA copy and other cellular apparatus. Reproduction is not an essential process for sustaining the life of an individual. Each individual organism exists because of reproduction. It is a fundamental feature of all known life. In this chapter, you will study reproduction, how it takes place, why it is necessary for the living organisms, and what are the different modes of reproduction in single organisms, sexual reproduction in flowering plants, sexual reproduction in human beings, etc. Terms like fission, fragmentation, regeneration, budding, vegetative propagation and spore formation are also explained with examples. By clicking on the above link you will get NCERT solutions for class 10 science of this chapter.

Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution: In the previous chapter you have learnt that the reproduction process gives a new individual organism that is similar to the parent organism. Here, you will be studying the mechanism by which variations are created and inherited, the long-term consequences of the accumulation of variations, inherited traits, sex determination, acquired and inherited traits, speciation, tracing evolutionary relationship, fossils, stages of evolution, human evolution, etc.

Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction: We see a variety of objects around us in everyday life. We are able to see objects in the presence of light but we can't see them in the dark. What makes the object visible? When reflected light from an object is received by our eyes we are able to see the object. In this chapter, you will study the phenomena of reflection and refraction of light using the straight-line propagation method. These basic concepts will help you in the study of some of the optical phenomena in nature. It will cover a reflection of light by spherical mirrors (concave and convex mirror), the image formed by the concave and convex mirrors, uses of mirrors, refraction of light through rectangle glass slab, refractive index, refraction by spherical lenses, image formation by lenses, lens formula, and power of lenses.

Chapter 11 The Human Eye and The Colorful World: In the previous chapter you have studied about reflection and refraction of light from mirrors and lenses. The human eye has a lens in its structure, it uses light and we are able to see the object. In this chapter, you will learn about human eyes, defects of vision and how to correct them. Also, you will study the refraction of light through a prism, dispersion of white light by a glass prism, some optical phenomena of nature like atmospheric refraction scattering of light, Tyndall effect, the colour of the sky, colour of sunrise and sunset, twinkling of stars, advance sunrise, and delayed sunset.

Chapter 12 Electricity: In our modern society electricity is very important as it is a controllable and convenient form of energy. What constitutes electricity? How does it flow through an electric circuit? How to control and regulate it in an electric circuit? In class 10 science NCERT solutions, you will get answers to all these questions. You will also study the electric current and circuit, electric potential and potential difference, circuit diagram, Ohm's law, the resistance of the conductor, factor on which resistance of the conductor depends, the resistance of system of the resistor, heating effect of electric current and its applications, electric power.

Chapter 13 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current: When we put a charge near the current-carrying wire, it doesn't apply any force on the charge but when the charge is moving near the current-carrying wire, the charge is deflected from its path. This means electric current has an effect on a moving charge which is called the magnetic effect of current. In this chapter, you will study about the magnetic field and field lines, magnetic field due to current carrying conductor, solenoid, the force on current-carrying conductor due to the magnetic field, electric motor, electro-magnetic induction, electric generator, and domestic electric circuit. Also in this chapter, you will learn important topics like Fleming's right-hand rule and left-hand rule.

Chapter 14 Sources of Energy: In previous classes, we have learnt that energy neither can be created nor destroyed. It can be converted from one form to another. This chapter will tell you about the different sources of energy like conventional and non-conventional.

Fossil fuels, thermal power plant, hydropower plant, Bio-mass, wind energy are examples of conventional sources of energy. Solar energy, tidal energy, wave energy, ocean thermal energy, geothermal energy, nuclear energy are examples of non-conventional sources of energy. You will also get to know the environmental consequences of energy.

Chapter 15 Our Environment: The change in the environment affects us, our activity changes the environment around us, as we are an integral part of the environment. This has two parts, first is the ecosystem and its components like food chains and webs and second how our activity affects the environment. In this chapter, you will also learn about the ozone layer and how it is getting depleted. Managing the garbage that we produce, how we impact the environment are other topics we will learn here.

Chapter 16 Sustainable Management of Natural Resources: You must have heard the famous phrase in Sanskrit ‘Vasudhaiv kutumbakam’ which means “the entire earth is one family”. The phrase is found in ‘Maha Upanishad’, an ancient Indian text in Atharva Veda. Living in harmony with nature is in our culture, tradition, and philosophy. In CBSE NCERT class 9 science you have learnt about natural resources like soil, air, and water while in the previous chapter, you have learnt about these resources that have been polluted. In t his chapter, you will learn how you ought to use these natural resources and sustain them for our future. Natural resources like forests, wildlife, water, coal, and petroleum and other issues at stake in deciding the management of these resources through sustainable development will also be taught here.

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