Magnetic Effects of Electric Current Class 10th Notes - Free NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 13 Notes - Download PDF

NCERT notes Class 10 Science Chapter 12 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current: Download PDF

The Class 10 Science Chapter 12 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current Notes PDF is a compact and well-structured resource to revise and prepare for the science exams. These Magnetic Effects of Electric Current Class 10 Science Notes are written in a simple format and explain major concepts, formulae and diagrams in an easy-to-understand format as per the current CBSE syllabus. The PDF with clear explanations and exam-centred material helps students prepare better and achieve better results in exams.

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Magnetic Effects of Electric Current Class 10 Science Notes

The Magnetic Effects of Electric Current Class 10 Science Chapter 12 CBSE notes provide a concise summary in a clear and understandable form in order to enable students to prepare effectively to take exams. All major concepts, rules, and diagrams are brought out in these Magnetic Effects of Electric Current Class 10 Science Notes in simple and student-friendly form. In line with the current CBSE syllabus, they prepare quickly, in an organised manner and are very efficient in board exams and competitive tests.

Magnetic Field

A magnetic field is the area around a magnet where any other magnetic element can feel its influence.

(i) The SI unit of magnetic field intensity is tesla (T) or Weber per square metre ( $\mathrm{Wb} \mathrm{m}^{-2}$ ).
(ii) The CGS unit of magnetic field intensity is gauss ( G ) [1 $\mathrm{T}=10^4$ gauss].
(iii) The magnetic field is a vector quantity, because its complete specification needs both direction as well as magnitude.

Magnetic Field Lines

Magnetic field lines represent the magnetic field; it is a path, either straight or curved, the tangent to which at any point gives the direction of the magnetic field at that point.

Properties of Magnetic Field Lines
(i) These are always closed loops.
(ii) The lines point from the north pole to the south pole outside the magnet and from the south pole to the north pole inside it.
(iii) The magnetic field lines never cross each other. If they do so, then at the point of intersection, there will be two tangents which give two directions of the magnetic field at the same point, which is not possible.
(iv) The density of the lines is proportional to the strength of the magnetic field.
(v) In the region of a stronger field, the lines converge, and in the region of a weaker field, the lines diverge.

Magnetic Field Due to a Current-Carrying Conductor

When an electric current flows through a conductor (like a wire), it creates a magnetic field around it. This was first discovered by Hans Christian Oersted.

• The direction of the magnetic field depends on the direction of the current.
• The Right-Hand Thumb Rule helps to find this direction.

Magnetic Field due to a Current through a Straight Conductor

The magnetic field lines around a straight conductor carrying current are concentric circles on planes perpendicular to the direction of current.

The direction of the magnetic field due to a straight current-carrying wire can be obtained by the 'Right Hand Thumb Rule'.

Right-hand thumb rule :

Imagine yourself grasping a current-carrying conductor with your right hand, so that the thumb lies along the conductor in the direction of the current, then the fingers of your hand will be encircling the conductor in the direction of the magnetic field lines caused by the current.

Magnetic Field due to a Current through a Circular Loop

The magnetic field lines around a circular current-carrying coil are as shown in the figure below. Every point on the wire carrying current would give rise to the magnetic field appearing as straight lines at the centre of the loop.

Magnetic Field due to a Current in a Solenoid

(a) A solenoid is a long cylindrical coil containing a large number of closely spaced turns of insulated copper wire.
(b) The magnetic field produced by a current-carrying solenoid is similar to the magnetic field produced by a bar magnet.

Electromagnet

If a core of ferromagnetic material, such as soft iron, is placed inside a solenoid, the magnetic field strength inside the solenoid is greatly increased. Because of the permeability of the iron, the field lines within the solenoid crowd into the iron core. This has two effects. First, the crowding concentrates the field lines due to the solenoid; the closer together the field lines, the stronger the field. Second, the field lines from the solenoid induce a magnetism inside the iron core, so that the ferromagnetic material becomes a magnet whose field supplements the field of the solenoid. Electromagnets are widely used as components of electrical devices such as motors, generators, electric bells, etc.

Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field

When a current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, it experiences a force. This is the principle behind electric motors and many other electromagnetic devices.

Fleming's left-hand rule

If the forefinger, the second finger and the thumb of the left hand are stretched at right angles to each other, with the forefinger pointing in the direction of the field and the second finger in the direction of the current, then the thumb indicates the direction of the force. It is called Fleming's left-hand rule.

Domestic Electric Circuits

A domestic electric circuit is the wiring system used in homes to supply electricity to various appliances. It connects electrical devices like fans, lights, refrigerators, and TVs to the main power supply safely and efficiently.

How to Master Class 10 Science Chapter 12 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current?

To learn Class 10 science Chapter 12 effectively, one needs to develop a solid background of magnetic field and direction rules and the relationship between electricity and magnetism. By having a plan and practising it regularly, students may easily master various diagrams, rules, and applications that can be found on board exams. Therefore, a systematic process contributes to better accuracy, visualisation, and scoring possibilities of this critical chapter.

• Start by learning about the meaning of the magnetic field and field lines with the help of diagrams.
• Study the characteristics of magnetic field lines, which are often asked in the exams.
• Learn the right-hand thumb rule, and practice the concept by imagining it with some examples, such as straight current-carrying conductors.
• Learn about the magnetic field produced by a current-carrying wire, loop and solenoid using diagrams.
• Compare a bar magnet and a solenoid in a table form and memorise the differences between them.
• Read about the process of making and the use of electromagnets and permanent magnets.
• Practice Fleming's Left-Hand Rule, and how to use it, particularly in the case of electric motors.
• Revise the concept of domestic electric circuits, including live wire, neutral wire, earth wire, fuse, and MCB.
• Solve all NCERT questions, examples, and numericals that involve direction rules and circuit concepts.

Importance of Class 10 Physics Chapter 12 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current Notes

The NCERT notes Class 10 Science Chapter 12 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current are very useful as they simplify complex concepts like magnetic fields, magnetic field lines, electromagnets, solenoids, and the rules of direction into simple,easy-to-understand concepts. These notes would assist students in revising all significant diagrams, formulae and applications that keep recurring in CBSE Class 10 Board Exams within the shortest possible time. They reinforce the clarity of concepts by going into the stepwise diagrams of how key mechanisms such as electric motors, generators and domestic circuits work using real-life examples. These NCERT Class 10 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current notes, with brief summaries, exam-based points, and solved examples, help to revise faster and have long-term memory. They also prove to be very handy in the competitive exams, such as NTSE, NSO and NSEJS, and thus are a very critical study tool in attaining good marks, as well as mastering the chapter effectively.

NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter Wise Notes

The NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter-Wise Notes give the students an easily accessible repository of all significant topics in one location, thus allowing revision to be quicker and more efficient. These are the most recent CBSE syllabus notes and have the concepts that are easily understood and simple to understand. Having chapter-wise links that can be accessed at once, students can find whatever they require easily and study better to take exams.

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