CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26 - The Central Board of Secondary Education released the latest CBSE syllabus of Economics Class 12. The CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26 is available on cbseacademic.nic.in. The CBSE board has divided the entire syllabus into two parts: Part A (Introductory Macroeconomics) and Part B (Indian Economic Development). All the topics of the economics syllabus class 12 CBSE are important for exams.
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CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26
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CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26
CBSE Class 12 Preparation Tips

CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus

Students should refer to the Economics class 12 CBSE syllabus to prepare for the CBSE 12th exams. Topic-wise weightage of marks is also mentioned in the Economics syllabus of class 12 CBSE. Students can find an overview and detailed CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus in this article, along with a download link to the CBSE Economics syllabus 12th Class. Read further to know in detail the complete CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26.

CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26

The board released the detailed syllabus of the CBSE 12th syllabus 2025-26. Students should check each topic and understand the concepts better to score good marks in the final exams.

How to Download CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26?

Students can download the economics syllabus for class 12 for the CBSE board exam to prepare better. Go through the steps given below to download the Class 12 CBSE Economics syllabus 2025-26:

Step 1: Visit the official website at cbseacademic.nic.in.
Step 2: Click on the “Academic Website” on the homepage.
Step 3: Click on the “Curriculum” from the list of options mentioned in the menu bar.
Step 4: Select the “Curriculum 2025-26” from the dropdown menu.
Step 5: Click on the “Senior Secondary Curriculum” link for the Class 12 syllabus.
Step 6: Select the “Academic Subjects” link to download the Economics syllabus PDF.
Step 7: Download the CBSE 12th Economics syllabus for 2025-26 for future reference.

CBSE Class 10th Syllabus 2025-26

Students can access the subject-wise CBSE Class 10 syllabus for the 2025–26 academic session.

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CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26

Students can check the prescribed Economics syllabus of class 12 CBSE in the image given below. The CBSE 12th Economics syllabus is divided into 2 parts. Part A consists of Macroeconomics, and Part B consists of Indian Economic Development. Students must note that the theory paper will have a weightage of 80 marks, while 20 marks are reserved for the project work. To understand better, students should thoroughly understand the syllabus of the Economics class 12 CBSE 2025-26. Check the image given below to get an overview of the CBSE class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26.

Overview of CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26

Detailed CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26

The entire CBSE Economics class 12 syllabus is designed to be covered in approximately 200 periods. The written exam will carry a weightage of 80 marks, and 20 marks are allotted for the project work. Check the chapter-wise detailed CBSE Economics class 12 syllabus in the following tables:

Part A - Introductory Macroeconomics Syllabus

Macroeconomics Syllabus)

Unit-name	Chapters and Topics
Unit 1: National Income and Related Aggregates	What is Macroeconomics? Basic concepts in macroeconomics: consumption goods, capital goods, final goods, intermediate goods; stocks and flows; gross investment and depreciation. Circular flow of income (two-sector model); Methods of calculating National Income - Value Added or Product method, Expenditure method, Income method. Aggregates related to National Income: Gross National Product (GNP), Net National Product (NNP), Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Net Domestic Product (NDP) - at market price, at factor cost; Real and Nominal GDP. GDP Deflator, GDP, and Welfare
Unit 2: Money and Banking	Money – meaning and functions, supply of money - Currency held by the public and net demand deposits held by commercial banks. Money creation by the commercial banking system. Central bank and its functions (example of the Reserve Bank of India): Bank of issue, Govt. Bank, Banker's Bank, Control of Credit through Bank Rate, CRR, SLR, Repo Rate and Reverse Repo Rate, Open Market Operations, Margin requirement.
Unit 3: Determination of Income and Employment	Aggregate demand and its components. Propensity to consume and propensity to save (average and marginal). Short-run equilibrium output, investment multiplier and its mechanism. Meaning of full employment and involuntary unemployment. Problems of excess demand and deficient demand; measures to correct them - changes in government spending, taxes, and money supply.
Unit 4: Government Budget and the Economy	Government budget - meaning, objectives and components. Classification of receipts - revenue receipts and capital receipts; Classification of expenditure – revenue expenditure and capital expenditure. Balanced, Surplus and Deficit Budget – measures of government deficit.
Unit 5: Balance of Payments	Balance of payments account - meaning and components; Balance of payments – Surplus and Deficit, Foreign exchange rate - meaning of fixed and flexible rates and managed floating rates. Determination of exchange rate in a free market, Merits and demerits of flexible and fixed exchange rates. Managed a floating exchange rate system

Part B: Indian Economic Development

Unit name	Chapters and Topics
Unit 6 - Development Experience (1947-90) and Economic Reforms since 1991	A brief introduction to the state of the Indian economy on the eve of independence. The Indian economic system and the common goals of the Year Plans. Main features, problems, and policies of agriculture (institutional aspects and new agricultural strategy), industry (IPR 1956; SSI – role & importance), and foreign trade. Economic Reforms since 1991: Features and appraisals of liberalisation, globalisation and privatisation (LPG policy); Concepts of demonetization and GST
Unit 7 - Current challenges facing the Indian Economy	Human Capital Formation: How people become resources; Role of human capital in economic development; Growth of Education Sector in India. Rural development: Key issues - credit and marketing - the role of cooperatives; agricultural diversification; alternative farming - organic farming. Employment: Growth and changes in workforce participation rate in formal and informal sectors; problems and policies. Sustainable Economic Development: Meaning, Effects of Economic Development on Resources and Environment, including global warming.
Unit 8: Development Experience in India	A comparison with neighbours India and Pakistan, and India and China. Issues: economic growth, population, sectoral development and other Human Development Indicators.

Prescribed Books for CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26

Below are some of the best books for the 12th economics syllabus for the CBSE exam. Check them out.

Statistics for Economics, NCERT
Indian Economic Development, NCERT
Introductory Microeconomics, NCERT
Macroeconomics, NCERT
Supplementary Reading Material in Economics, CBSE

CBSE Class 12 Economics Project Topics

1755770840723

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CBSE Class 12 Preparation Tips

First of all, make a proper timetable to study, which includes all the subjects. Also, include some time for interests and hobbies to keep the mind fresh.
Go through the CBSE 12th date sheet and try to cover the entire 12th CBSE Economics syllabus two months before the exams. In such a way, students will have enough time to revise the CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26.
Grasp all the concepts from the NCERT books or prescribed books in the beginning, then move on to other reference books for economics.
Clear all the doubts from teachers or friends and make notes on important topics of the CBSE class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26.
These notes will help to revise the entire CBSE 12th Economics syllabus in a short time.
Solve CBSE class 12 question papers of previous years to get acquainted with the typology of questions that are asked in the exam.
Analyse the preparation level by evaluating the performance in solving the question papers and improving mistakes by identifying them.
Following this CBSE class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26 and preparation tips will aid students to improve their CBSE 12th result.

Related Links:

CBSE 12th English Syllabus 2025-26	CBSE 12th Physical Education Syllabus 2025-26
CBSE 12th Physics Syllabus 2025-26	CBSE 12th Chemistry Syllabus 2025-26
CBSE 12th Maths Syllabus 2025-26

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: In how many parts is the syllabus divided?

CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26 is divided into the following two parts:

Part A - Introductory Macroeconomics Syllabus
Part B - Indian Economic Development Syllabus

Q: How is the CBSE 12th Economics question paper prepared?

Class 12 Economics question paper is prepared by the board as per the prescribed CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26.

Q: Is it mandatory to make a project for CBSE 12th Economics?

Yes, it is essential to submit project work else students do not qualify in project work assessment.

Q: How much time is required to cover the entire economics syllabus?

A total of 200 periods are required to cover the CBSE 12th economics syllabus.

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