NCERT Class 10th Science Chapter 15 Our Environment Notes- Download PDF Notes

Our environment is a very important chapter of the NCERT our environment from an exam point of view. The NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 15 notes give you a basic idea of the chapter our environment. The main topics covered in NCERT Class 10 Science notes are definition, ecosystems—what are its components, food chains and webs, how do our activities affect the environment, and ozone layer depletion. Download the CBSE Notes for Class 10 Science, Chapter 15, PDF to use offline anywhere. Students must go through each topic in our environment Class 10 Notes Science, in the easiest and most effective way possible with the help of NCERT Notes for Class 10.

Class 10 Science chapter 15 notes also cover all the important concepts, like decomposers and consumers, biodegradable and non-biodegradable, related to this chapter, which are useful in various competitive exams. Our environment NCERT Notes Class 10 Science helps you revise these major concepts given in the NCERT Book in no time during Class 10 CBSE Board exam preparation. CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 15 notes will help you with quick revision. Our Environment Chapter 15 Science Class 10 Notes covers all headings of the NCERT Book. CBSE Class 10 Science chapter 15 notes also contain important examples that have been frequently asked in the various exams. Having revision notes and NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15 handy is beneficial to save you time. The NCERT Class 10 notes PDF can be downloaded through the link given below.

Also Read:

• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Physics Chapter 15 Our Environment
• NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Solutions Our Environment

Our Environment Class 10 Notes Science Chapter 15

Biodegradable and Non-biodegradable Substances

Biodegradable substances

• Our waste materials are discharged into the environment as a result of our daily activities.
• Biodegradable compounds are those that can be broken down by biological processes.
• Plant and animal organic materials, for example,.

Non-biodegradable Substances

• Non-biodegradable compounds are those that are not broken down by bacteria or saprophytes.
• Plastics are a good example.
• Enzymes used in the degradation of substances have a unique effect, and certain enzymes are required for the breakdown of a given substrate, Cyanobacteria can decompose all types of waste.
• Physical processes such as heat and pressure act on non-biodegradable material.
• Inert compounds are non-biodegradable.
• Non-biodegradable compounds can remain for a long period under specific conditions, causing harm to diverse ecosystem members.

Ecosystem

• Plants, animals, bacteria, and humans all interact with their non-living physical surroundings in a region known as the ecosystem.
  abiotic ecosystem components include light, temperature, rainfall, wind, and soil.
• Forests, ponds, gardens, and farming fields are all examples of ecosystems.
• A natural ecosystem is one that is generated as a result of interactions between organisms and the environment.
• An artificial ecosystem is one that has been constructed by humans and does not exist naturally.
• Forests and ponds, for example, are natural ecosystems, whereas gardens and crop fields are manmade ecosystems.

Trophic Level:

Each level of the food chain forms a trophic level-

Producers, consumers, and decomposers

Organisms are classified as producers, consumers, or decomposers depending on how they receive their food from the environment.

Producers-

Producers are all organisms that can prepare their own food through photosynthesis using the sun's radiant energy received by the chlorophyll in the leaves.

Consumers-

• Consumers are organisms that consume the food produced, either directly or indirectly.
  Based on their manner of feeding, consumers can be classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary.
  Primary consumers include all herbivores and some parasites.
• Rabbits, for example, consume grass.
  Secondary consumers include many tiny carnivores and parasites.
• A snake that eats rabbits is an example.
• Tertiary consumers include larger carnivores and omnivores.
• An owl, for example, eats snakes.

Decomposers-

• Decomposers are creatures that break down the dead remnants and waste products of other organisms.
• Decomposers in the soil break down complex organic chemicals into simple inorganic substances that plants can use.

Food Chains and Webs

Food Chain:

• A food chain is a collection of organisms in which one item is dependent on the next for food.
• A food chain is made up of a sequence of organisms that participate at distinct biotic levels.
• A trophic level is formed at each level of the food chain.
• The first tropic level is occupied by the producers (green plants).
• The second tropic level is occupied by primary consumers (herbivores).
• The third tropic level is made up of secondary consumers (small carnivores).
• The fourth tropic level is made up of tertiary consumers (larger carnivores).
• The number of people employed by producers is the highest.
• Example: Grass insects, frogs, snakes, and eagles
• Insects eat grass, and frogs eat the insects, which are then eaten by snakes, who are then devoured by eagles.

Food web:

• The term "food web" refers to a network of food chains that are naturally connected.
• Each creature is usually eaten by two or more types of organisms, which are then eaten by several more organisms, so instead of a straight line food chain, a food web depicts a sequence of organisms that are dependent on one another for food.
• The energy flow in a food chain is one-way; once it reaches the next tropic level, it does not return.
• The energy provided to herbivores, for example, does not return to autotrophs.
• The impact of ozone depletion and trash dumping on the environment

Ozone Layer and How it is Getting Depleted

• Ozone is a molecule made up of three oxygen atoms.
• While oxygen is required for all living activities, ozone is a lethal poison.
• It shields the earth's surface from UV light from the sun, which is highly hazardous to organisms and can cause skin cancer, at higher levels of the atmosphere.

UV rays break up molecular oxygen (O₂) into free oxygen (O) atoms, which mix with the molecular oxygen (O₂) to generate ozone (O₃).

O₂ →O + O

O+O₂ →O₃

• CFCs (chlorofluorocarbon), a synthetic chemical used in refrigerants and fire extinguishers, have been connected to a dramatic decline in ozone levels in the environment.
• Garbage is piled high all over towns and cities, posing a serious threat to the environment.
• Garbage has a negative impact on the local ecosystem.
• Garbage that is thrown into the water goes a considerable distance with the tide and wind, posing a direct threat to aquatic life.
• Land waste can pollute the environment, hurt or kill wildlife, serve as a breeding ground for bacteria, and even start fires.

Chapter Wise Class 10 Notes Science

Significance of NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Notes

• CBSE Class 10 science chapter 15 notes, i.e., environment notes, will be helpful in studying the chapter and getting a sense of the main topics discussed.
• By covering the main topics of the CBSE Physics Syllabus in Class 10, our environment notes class 10 can also be used to prepare for exams
• When you are not connected to the internet, you can use the Class 10, Science, chapter 15, notes PDF download to study offline.

NCERT Solutions Subject Wise

• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science

Subject Wise NCERT Exemplar Solutions

• NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Maths solutions
• NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Science solutions

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