NCERT Class 12 Biology Notes - Download Chapter wise PDF Notes

Edited By Irshad Anwar | Updated on Jul 09, 2025 11:35 AM IST

NCERT Class 12 Biology notes are very helpful for students preparing for board exams and NEET. These notes provide quick summaries of all chapters, making it easier to understand difficult concepts. They include well-labeled diagrams, flow charts, and all the topics are based on the NCERT textbook. These notes are prepared by subject experts to help students revise faster and save time. With the help of NCERT notes, students can focus on important topics and boost their confidence before the exams.

This Story also Contains

Subject-wise Weightage for Class 12 Biology
Chapter-wise Biology Notes For Class 12
Benefits of Using NCERT Class 12 Biology Notes

NCERT Class 12 Biology Notes - Download Chapter wise PDF Notes

These notes cover important chapters like reproduction, genetics, evolution, biotechnology, and ecology. They are great for last-minute revision as they simply explain tough topics. Students can easily revise key terms like Mendel’s laws, DNA structure, immunity, and environmental topics. The notes are short, clear, and easy to remember. Students can also download NCERT Notes for Class 12 in PDF format and use them anytime, even offline.

Subject-wise Weightage for Class 12 Biology

For Class 12 students, knowing the weightage of the Biology subject is very helpful. It shows which topics are more important for board and competitive exams. This helps students use their time and effort wisely. Chapters with more marks need more focus for better preparation.

Understanding the weightage also reduces exam stress and helps in planning revision. It improves the learning of the students and also boosts performance. Using this approach, they can score well in both board exams and competitive exams like NEET. Along with NCERT notes, students can also use NCERT solutions to practice different problems and makes their preparation more effective.

Assessment Structure:

Total Marks: 100
Theory: 70 marks

Practical Examination: 30 marks

Passing Criteria:

A student needs to secure a minimum of 33% in total, inclusive of:
Minimum of 23 out of 70 in the theory exam
At least 10 out of 30 in the practicals

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Chapter-wise Biology Notes For Class 12

The notes for each chapter make the concepts easy to understand and remember. Each topic is explained in simple language with key points highlighted. These notes help students revise faster and focus on what's important. The following are the links to download the Biology notes for class 12 chapter-wise PDF:

Chapter 1 - Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Chapter 2 - Human Reproduction
Chapter 3 - Reproductive Health
Chapter 4 - Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Chapter 5 - Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Chapter 6 - Evolution
Chapter 7 - Human Health and Disease
Chapter 8 - Microbes in Human Welfare
Chapter 9 - Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
Chapter 10 -Biotechnology and its Applications
Chapter 11 - Organisms and Populations
Chapter 12 - Ecosystem
Chapter 13 - Biodiversity and Conservation

Chapter-wise Breakdown for Targeted Learning

The different chapters under the units are mentioned below. The important topics present in each chapter are also highlighted.

Unit 1: Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Anatomy of flowers, pollination mechanisms, and seed formation.

Human Reproduction

Male and female reproductive systems, menstrual cycle, fertilization.

Reproductive Health

Birth Control Methods, prevention of STIs.

Unit 2: Genetics and Evolution

Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Mendelian inheritance, genetic disorders.

Molecular Basis of Inheritance

DNA replication, protein synthesis.

Evolution

Theories of evolution, human evolution.

Unit 3: Biology and Human Welfare

Human Health and Disease

Types of diseases, immunity, and prevention strategies.

Microbes in Human Welfare

Microbial applications in industry and sewage treatment.

Unit 4: Biotechnology

Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

Recombinant DNA technology, ethical concerns.

Biotechnology and Its Applications

Genetic engineering, GMOs.

Unit 5: Ecology

Organisms and Populations

Population growth regulation, ecosystem structure.

Ecosystem

Energy flow, nutrient cycling.

Biodiversity and Conservation

Biodiversity loss and causes, conservation strategies.

Subject-Wise NCERT Solution

Benefits of Using NCERT Class 12 Biology Notes

These notes are a great support tool for exam preparation. Students can use them to stay focused and improve their performance. They offer various benefits to students, and some of them are given below:

Class 12 Biology notes PDF help in quick revision before exams and save a lot of time.
These make difficult concepts easier with simple and real-life-based examples.
Class 12 Biology notes handwritten include diagrams and key terms for better understanding.
It helps in improving confidence by giving a clear idea of the expected questions.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Are all the chapters of class 12 biology covered in this NCERT Class 12th Biology Notes?

NCERT Class 12 Biology chapter wise notes discuss all the 13 chapters covered in class 12 NCERT book

2. Will these class 12th Biology Notes help in the NEET exam?

Yes, class 12th NCERT concepts are also asked in the NEET exam.

3. How many chapters are there in class 12 biology NCERT?

The NCERT notes for class 12 biology chapter include a total 13 chapters. The chapters are:

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants
Human reproduction
Reproductive health
Principles of inheritance and variation
Molecular basis of inheritance
Evolution
Human health and disease
Microbes in human welfare
Biotechnology: principles and processes
Biotechnology and its applications
Organisms and populations
Ecosystem
Biodiversity and conservation

4. How to download the chapter wise class 12 biology notes?

Students can download and access the chapter-wise class 12 Biology notes through Careers360 website, which is
https://school.careers360.com/ncert/ncert-class-12th-biology-notes

5. How to download class 12 NCERT biology book?

Visit this link to download Class 12 biology NCERT for free.

https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?lebo1=0-16

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Popular Questions

A block of mass 0.50 kg is moving with a speed of 2.00 ms^-1 on a smooth surface. It strikes another mass of 1.00 kg and then they move together as a single body. The energy loss during the collision is

Option 1) $0.34\; J$	Option 2) $0.16\; J$
Option 3) $1.00\; J$	Option 4) $0.67\; J$

A person trying to lose weight by burning fat lifts a mass of 10 kg upto a height of 1 m 1000 times. Assume that the potential energy lost each time he lowers the mass is dissipated. How much fat will he use up considering the work done only when the weight is lifted up ? Fat supplies 3.8×10⁷J of energy per kg which is converted to mechanical energy with a 20% efficiency rate. Take g = 9.8 ms⁻² :

Option 1)

2.45×10⁻³ kg

Option 2)

6.45×10⁻³ kg

Option 3)

9.89×10⁻³ kg

Option 4)

12.89×10⁻³ kg

An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated to be in the range

Option 1) $2,000 \; J - 5,000\; J$	Option 2) $200 \, \, J - 500 \, \, J$
Option 3) $2\times 10^{5}J-3\times 10^{5}J$	Option 4) $20,000 \, \, J - 50,000 \, \, J$

A particle is projected at 60⁰ to the horizontal with a kinetic energy $K$ . The kinetic energy at the highest point

Option 1) $K/2\,$	Option 2) $\; K\;$
Option 3) $zero\;$	Option 4) $K/4$

In the reaction,

$2Al_{(s)}+6HCL_{(aq)}\rightarrow 2Al^{3+}\, _{(aq)}+6Cl^{-}\, _{(aq)}+3H_{2(g)}$

Option 1) $11.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}$ at STP is produced for every mole $HCL_{(aq)}$ consumed	Option 2) $6L\, HCl_{(aq)}$ is consumed for ever $3L\, H_{2(g)}$ produced
Option 3) $33.6 L\, H_{2(g)}$ is produced regardless of temperature and pressure for every mole Al that reacts	Option 4) $67.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}$ at STP is produced for every mole Al that reacts .

How many moles of magnesium phosphate, $Mg_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$ will contain 0.25 mole of oxygen atoms?

Option 1) 0.02	Option 2) 3.125 × 10^-2
Option 3) 1.25 × 10^-2	Option 4) 2.5 × 10^-2

If we consider that 1/6, in place of 1/12, mass of carbon atom is taken to be the relative atomic mass unit, the mass of one mole of a substance will

Option 1) decrease twice	Option 2) increase two fold
Option 3) remain unchanged	Option 4) be a function of the molecular mass of the substance.

With increase of temperature, which of these changes?

Option 1) Molality	Option 2) Weight fraction of solute
Option 3) Fraction of solute present in water	Option 4) Mole fraction.

Number of atoms in 558.5 gram Fe (at. wt.of Fe = 55.85 g mol^-1) is

Option 1) twice that in 60 g carbon	Option 2) 6.023 × 10²²
Option 3) half that in 8 g He	Option 4) 558.5 × 6.023 × 10²³

A pulley of radius 2 m is rotated about its axis by a force F = (20t - 5t²) newton (where t is measured in seconds) applied tangentially. If the moment of inertia of the pulley about its axis of rotation is 10 kg m² , the number of rotations made by the pulley before its direction of motion if reversed, is