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Class 12 NCERT Notes for Reproductive Health: In NCERT Class 12 Reproductive Health, you will study that reproductive health is generally defined as the healthy and proper/normal functioning of all the reproductive organs covering all reproductive aspects. Through the NCERT notes for CBSE Class 12 biology Reproductive Health, you will be able to solve all the doubts and questions of this chapter. These NCERT Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health notes will help you score good marks in the exams.
Reproductive Health Class 12 notes will let you know many things about reproductive health like we were one of the first countries in the world to launch action schemes and programs on family planning to accomplish reproductive health as a social goal along with its awareness. Reproductive Health Class 12th Notes, will also tell you that it was initiated at a national level in the year 1951 to generate awareness regarding various aspects pertaining to reproduction by rendering facilities and support to establish a reproductively healthy society.
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These are the various steps taken by governmental and non-governmental agencies to create awareness among the citizens about reproduction-related aspects which is mentioned in the class 12 Biology chapter 4 notes:
Awareness about family planning.
Introduction of Sex education in schools.
All printed materials were distributed to create awareness.
Using Audio and Video on Powerpoint Slides on Reproductive Health.
Complete information about the reproductive organs, adolescence, safe and hygienic sexual practices, sexually transmitted diseases, birth control methods, care of mother and newborn child, etc.
An exponential rise in the population from the time of independence until May 2011 was contributed to factors such as rapid decline in the death rate, infant mortality rate (IMR), the maternal mortality rate (MMR), and a sharp rise in the reproducible age are deemed to the contributing factors.
The Reproductive Child Health program (RCH program) was effective only marginally to bring down the population growth rate.
The government was forced to take up stern measures as a result of the alarming growth rate leading to the insufficiency of basic requirements.
The most important method of reducing the population growth rate is encouraging people to have smaller families through the use of various contraceptives. Additionally, there were popular slogans like Hum do Hamare do, raising the marriageable age, providing incentives to couples with smaller families, and many more.
Contraceptive methods have a broad range covering natural/traditional methods (periodic abstinence), IUDs, barriers (diaphragms, condoms, cervical caps, vaults), oral contraceptives (pills), implants, surgical methods (sterilization), injectables, and many other measures.
MTP or induced abortion was legalized in India in 1971 with strict conditions to avoid any misuse. It refers to the voluntary or intentional termination of pregnancy before reaching the full term
It is considered safe until the first trimester after which increases the chances of being at a riskier place
The state of being unable to produce offspring even after sexual intercourse is referred to as infertility which can be contributed to factors– congenital, physical, drugs, psychological, immunological and these are mentioned in the class 12th Biology chapter 4 notes.
To assist such couples there are specialized techniques– ART(assisted reproductive technologies) which covers IVF (Invitro fertilization) and ET(Embryo transfer)
Reproductive Health conveys complete awareness of various sexually transmitted diseases.
Provides accurate information about sexual life, reproduction, contraception methods.
According to the class 12th Biology chapter 4, it also helps in maintaining safe sexual and reproductive health.
With this awareness, an individual can protect themselves from sexually transmitted infections and diseases.
It provides a complete education to all pregnant mothers about how to take care of their health, to have proper medicines, to maintain good health and hygiene when they are pregnant, have a safe delivery, and deliver a healthy baby.
1. In NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 4 Notes, you will learn that reproductive health simply pertains to healthy reproductive organs with normal functions. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), reproductive health means total well-being in all aspects of reproduction, i.e. physical, emotional, behavioral, and social.
2. The improved reproductive health of society requires the following factors:
Better awareness about sex-related matters.
Increased number of medically assisted deliveries and better postnatal care leading to decreased maternal and infant mortality rates.
Increased number of couples with small families.
Better detection and cure of STDs.
Overall increased medical facilities for all sex-related problems.
3. Some of the measures taken for awareness of reproductive health which you will study in Reproductive Health Class 12th Notes and these are:
(i) Family planning programs were introduced in India in 1951 and periodically evaluated since then. Class 12th Biology chapter 4 notes also tell you that the programs were improved and covered reproduction-related areas under the popular name Reproductive and Child Healthcare (RCH) programs. It was launched in 1997.
Reproductive Health Class 12th Notes:
Major tasks of RCH program are:
Creating awareness among the people about reproduction-related aspects.
Providing facilities and support for building up a reproductively healthy society. Governmental and non-governmental agencies have taken various important steps to create awareness among people about reproduction-related aspects.
(ii) Promoting sex education at schools can help absolve adolescents of myths about sex and misinformation about sex issues by providing them with information that is accurate. It is important for adolescents to understand reproductive organs, adolescence and the changes that occur, safe and healthy sexual practices, Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), AIDS, etc.
(iii) Married couples or those in the marriageable age group should be educated about available birth control options, care of pregnant mothers, postnatal care of the mother and child, the importance of breastfeeding, equal opportunities for the male and the female child, etc. This will lead to the formation of socially conscious healthy families of the desired size.
(iv) To implement action plans to address reproduction-related problems, pregnancy, delivery, STDs, abortions, contraception, menstrual problems, infertility, etc., it is necessary to have strong support and adequate infrastructure.
(v) The statutory ban on amniocentesis: It is a method of prenatal diagnosis in which a sample of amniotic fluid is taken from a pregnant woman in order to detect the fetal development. The benefits of amniocentesis are the diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities and developmental disorders of foetus. However, it is being misused for the sex-determination of foetus that leads to female foeticides. Therefore, statutory ban on amniocentesis for sex determination keeps checking on female foeticides.
4. Population explosion: The tremendous increase in size and growth rate of population is called population explosion. It occurs due to increased health facilities and better living conditions.
(i) Reasons of population explosion are:
Decrease death rate.
Declined maternal mortality rate.
Decreased infant mortality rate.
Increase in the number of people of reproductive age.
(ii) According to the 2001 census report, the population growth rate was around 1.7%, i.e. 17/1000/year. And also according to NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 4 Notes, our population could double in 33 years.
5. Methods to prevent population explosion are:
(i) Raising the marriageable age to 18 years for females and 21 years for males.
(ii) Couples with small families should be given some incentives.
(iii) Birth control is an important step to control population growth by motivating smaller families to use contraceptive methods.
6. Contraceptive methods are ideal if they are user-friendly, easily available, effective, reversible with no side effects, and non-interfering with the sexual drive, desire, and sexual act.
In Reproductive Health Class 12th Notes, you will study that there are several methods of birth control. These are categorized mainly as follow:
(i) Natural method of birth control involves avoiding chances of sperm and ovum meet. NCERT class 12 Biology chapter 4 notes will tell you how to achieve that:
Periodic abstinence in which couples avoid coitus from day 10-17 (Fertile period) of the menstrual cycle. In this period, ovulation is expected to occur and chances of fertilisation are very high. Also called as the rhythm method or natural family planning.
Coitus interruptus also called ‘rejected sexual intercourse’ or ‘pull-out method or withdrawal. In this method, the penis is withdrawn, from the vagina just before ejaculation.
Lactational amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstruation during the period of lactation following parturition. Because ovulation does not occur in this period, the chances of conception are none. This method is reliable for a maximum period of six months after delivery.
(ii) Barrier methods are based on the prevention of ovum and sperm from physically meeting with the help of barriers. In NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 4 Notes, you will learn that barriers may be chemical or mechanical:
Condoms are mechanical barriers made of thin rubber or latex sheath to cover the penis in males or vagina and cervix in females which prevent the meeting of sperm and ova. Condoms also provide protection against sexually transmitted diseases. They are disposable and can be self inserted and thereby gives privacy to the user.
Diaphragms, cervical caps, and vaults are also mechanical barriers, made of rubber that are inserted into the female reproductive tract to cover the cervix during coitus. They are reusable.
Spermicidal creams, jellies and foams are chemical barriers, usually used along with these barriers to increase their contraceptive efficiency.
(iii) Intra Uterine Devices:
IUDs are the devices introduced in the uterus through the vagina by doctors or expert nurses. Reproductive Health Class 12th Notes will tell you that these are of the following types:
Non-medicated IUDs, e.g. lippes loop.
Copper-releasing IUDs, e.g. Cu-T, Cu-7, multi-load 375.
Hormone-releasing IUDs, e.g. progestasert, LNG 20.
NCERT Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health Notes will also tell you that IUDs prevent contraception in the following ways:
Increase phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus.
Some IUDs suppress sperm motility and fertilising ability of sperm by releasing copper ions.
The hormone releasing IUDs make uterus unsuitable for implantation and make the cervix hostile to sperms.
IUDs are ideal contraceptives for females who want to delay pregnancy. It is one of most widely accepted contraception method in India.
(iv) Oral contraceptives are hormonal preparations in the form of pills.
(a) Pills are small doses of either progestogens or progesterone-estrogen combinations.
(b) Oral pills alter/inhibit ovulation and implantation and also modify the quality of cervical mucus to prevent/retard entry of sperms.
(c) Oral pills have to be taken daily for a period of 21 days starting within the first five days of the menstrual cycle as it is mentioned in NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 4 Notes.
(d) Saheli an example of an oral contraceptive developed by scientists at Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI) Lucknow, contains a non-steroid called centchroman. In Reproductive Health Class 12th Notes you will study that it is a once-a-week pill, with very few side effects.
(v) Replants or injections are effective for a longer period, although their mode of action is similar to oral contraceptives. Progesterone alone or in combination with estrogen are used by females as injections or implants under the skin.
(vi) Emergency contraceptives: It include administration of progesterone or progestogen and oestrogen combinations or IUDs within 72 hours of coitus. It has been found to be very effective to avoid the possible pregnancy due to rape or casual unprotected intercourse.
Sterilisation or surgical methods: These are used by male/female partners as a terminal method to prevent any more pregnancies. These methods block the transport of gametes and prevent contraception.
And Reproductive Health Class 12th Notes will let you know that these methods are:
(a) Vasectomy is applied in the case of males. In this method, a small portion of vas deferens is removed or tied up through an incision on the scrotum.
(b) Tubectomy is applied in females, where a small part of the Fallopian tubes is removed or tied up through a small incision in the abdomen or through the vagina.
(7) Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) or induced abortion is intentional or
voluntary termination of pregnancy before full term.
The Government of India had legalized MTP in 1971 with some strict conditions to avoid its misuse. These are important to check indiscriminate and illegal female foeticides which are reported to be high in India.
MTPs are performed if pregnancy is likely to harm either the mother or the fetus or both, or if contraception fails during coitus or rape.
It is considered relatively safe during the first trimester (up to 12 weeks) of pregnancy.
During the second trimester, MTPs are unsafe and could be fatal too.
Around 45-50 MTPs are performed in the world every year. Its purpose is not to decrease population, but it plays an important role in doing so.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases:
Trichomoniasis:
The root cause of this disease is the protozoon Trichomonas Vaginalis. A white discharge from the vagina, a foul smell, and constant itching are common symptoms of this disease. A male is known to be the carrier of this parasite, and females are known to suffer from it. It is therefore important that both partners receive sufficient medication to eliminate this parasite. And you can also get class 12 Reproductive Health notes by downloading them.
Prevention of Trichomoniasis:
The disease can be prevented by maintaining good hygiene of sexual organs, especially during menstruation in women.
It can also be prevented by using the barrier method during coitus.
AIDS:
In NCERT Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health Notes, you will study that Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome affects on one’s immune system and is transferred due to sexual activity or intercourse. This disease can lead to certain death.
Avoid sexual contact with multiple persons/partners
Using disposable syringes and needles
During a blood transfusion, take proper precautions
Use of barrier contraceptives during coitus
You can also read offline this Reproductive Health class 12 biology notes pdf
by downloading them for free.
In NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 4 Notes, you will study that Reproductive Health is generally defined as healthy and proper/normal functioning of all the reproductive organs covering all reproductive aspects.
The tremendous increase in size and growth rate of population is called population explosion. It occurs due to increased health facilities and better living conditions.
The state of being unable to produce offspring even after sexual intercourse is referred to as infertility which can be contributed to factors– congenital, physical, drugs, psychological, immunological and these are mentioned in the class 12th Biology chapter 4 notes.
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a fertility treatment where an egg and sperm are combined outside the body, forming an embryo that is then implanted into the uterus to achieve pregnancy. It is a common assisted reproductive technology for couples facing infertility.
The field of biomedical engineering opens up a universe of expert chances. An Individual in the biomedical engineering career path work in the field of engineering as well as medicine, in order to find out solutions to common problems of the two fields. The biomedical engineering job opportunities are to collaborate with doctors and researchers to develop medical systems, equipment, or devices that can solve clinical problems. Here we will be discussing jobs after biomedical engineering, how to get a job in biomedical engineering, biomedical engineering scope, and salary.
Database professionals use software to store and organise data such as financial information, and customer shipping records. Individuals who opt for a career as data administrators ensure that data is available for users and secured from unauthorised sales. DB administrators may work in various types of industries. It may involve computer systems design, service firms, insurance companies, banks and hospitals.
A career as ethical hacker involves various challenges and provides lucrative opportunities in the digital era where every giant business and startup owns its cyberspace on the world wide web. Individuals in the ethical hacker career path try to find the vulnerabilities in the cyber system to get its authority. If he or she succeeds in it then he or she gets its illegal authority. Individuals in the ethical hacker career path then steal information or delete the file that could affect the business, functioning, or services of the organization.
The invention of the database has given fresh breath to the people involved in the data analytics career path. Analysis refers to splitting up a whole into its individual components for individual analysis. Data analysis is a method through which raw data are processed and transformed into information that would be beneficial for user strategic thinking.
Data are collected and examined to respond to questions, evaluate hypotheses or contradict theories. It is a tool for analyzing, transforming, modeling, and arranging data with useful knowledge, to assist in decision-making and methods, encompassing various strategies, and is used in different fields of business, research, and social science.
Individuals who opt for a career as geothermal engineers are the professionals involved in the processing of geothermal energy. The responsibilities of geothermal engineers may vary depending on the workplace location. Those who work in fields design facilities to process and distribute geothermal energy. They oversee the functioning of machinery used in the field.
Individuals who opt for a career as a remote sensing technician possess unique personalities. Remote sensing analysts seem to be rational human beings, they are strong, independent, persistent, sincere, realistic and resourceful. Some of them are analytical as well, which means they are intelligent, introspective and inquisitive.
Remote sensing scientists use remote sensing technology to support scientists in fields such as community planning, flight planning or the management of natural resources. Analysing data collected from aircraft, satellites or ground-based platforms using statistical analysis software, image analysis software or Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a significant part of their work. Do you want to learn how to become remote sensing technician? There's no need to be concerned; we've devised a simple remote sensing technician career path for you. Scroll through the pages and read.
The role of geotechnical engineer starts with reviewing the projects needed to define the required material properties. The work responsibilities are followed by a site investigation of rock, soil, fault distribution and bedrock properties on and below an area of interest. The investigation is aimed to improve the ground engineering design and determine their engineering properties that include how they will interact with, on or in a proposed construction.
The role of geotechnical engineer in mining includes designing and determining the type of foundations, earthworks, and or pavement subgrades required for the intended man-made structures to be made. Geotechnical engineering jobs are involved in earthen and concrete dam construction projects, working under a range of normal and extreme loading conditions.
How fascinating it is to represent the whole world on just a piece of paper or a sphere. With the help of maps, we are able to represent the real world on a much smaller scale. Individuals who opt for a career as a cartographer are those who make maps. But, cartography is not just limited to maps, it is about a mixture of art, science, and technology. As a cartographer, not only you will create maps but use various geodetic surveys and remote sensing systems to measure, analyse, and create different maps for political, cultural or educational purposes.
Budget analysis, in a nutshell, entails thoroughly analyzing the details of a financial budget. The budget analysis aims to better understand and manage revenue. Budget analysts assist in the achievement of financial targets, the preservation of profitability, and the pursuit of long-term growth for a business. Budget analysts generally have a bachelor's degree in accounting, finance, economics, or a closely related field. Knowledge of Financial Management is of prime importance in this career.
The invention of the database has given fresh breath to the people involved in the data analytics career path. Analysis refers to splitting up a whole into its individual components for individual analysis. Data analysis is a method through which raw data are processed and transformed into information that would be beneficial for user strategic thinking.
Data are collected and examined to respond to questions, evaluate hypotheses or contradict theories. It is a tool for analyzing, transforming, modeling, and arranging data with useful knowledge, to assist in decision-making and methods, encompassing various strategies, and is used in different fields of business, research, and social science.
A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.
An underwriter is a person who assesses and evaluates the risk of insurance in his or her field like mortgage, loan, health policy, investment, and so on and so forth. The underwriter career path does involve risks as analysing the risks means finding out if there is a way for the insurance underwriter jobs to recover the money from its clients. If the risk turns out to be too much for the company then in the future it is an underwriter who will be held accountable for it. Therefore, one must carry out his or her job with a lot of attention and diligence.
Individuals in the operations manager jobs are responsible for ensuring the efficiency of each department to acquire its optimal goal. They plan the use of resources and distribution of materials. The operations manager's job description includes managing budgets, negotiating contracts, and performing administrative tasks.
An investment director is a person who helps corporations and individuals manage their finances. They can help them develop a strategy to achieve their goals, including paying off debts and investing in the future. In addition, he or she can help individuals make informed decisions.
Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues.
A career as Transportation Planner requires technical application of science and technology in engineering, particularly the concepts, equipment and technologies involved in the production of products and services. In fields like land use, infrastructure review, ecological standards and street design, he or she considers issues of health, environment and performance. A Transportation Planner assigns resources for implementing and designing programmes. He or she is responsible for assessing needs, preparing plans and forecasts and compliance with regulations.
An expert in plumbing is aware of building regulations and safety standards and works to make sure these standards are upheld. Testing pipes for leakage using air pressure and other gauges, and also the ability to construct new pipe systems by cutting, fitting, measuring and threading pipes are some of the other more involved aspects of plumbing. Individuals in the plumber career path are self-employed or work for a small business employing less than ten people, though some might find working for larger entities or the government more desirable.
Individuals who opt for a career as construction managers have a senior-level management role offered in construction firms. Responsibilities in the construction management career path are assigning tasks to workers, inspecting their work, and coordinating with other professionals including architects, subcontractors, and building services engineers.
Urban Planning careers revolve around the idea of developing a plan to use the land optimally, without affecting the environment. Urban planning jobs are offered to those candidates who are skilled in making the right use of land to distribute the growing population, to create various communities.
Urban planning careers come with the opportunity to make changes to the existing cities and towns. They identify various community needs and make short and long-term plans accordingly.
Highway Engineer Job Description: A Highway Engineer is a civil engineer who specialises in planning and building thousands of miles of roads that support connectivity and allow transportation across the country. He or she ensures that traffic management schemes are effectively planned concerning economic sustainability and successful implementation.
Individuals who opt for a career as an environmental engineer are construction professionals who utilise the skills and knowledge of biology, soil science, chemistry and the concept of engineering to design and develop projects that serve as solutions to various environmental problems.
A Naval Architect is a professional who designs, produces and repairs safe and sea-worthy surfaces or underwater structures. A Naval Architect stays involved in creating and designing ships, ferries, submarines and yachts with implementation of various principles such as gravity, ideal hull form, buoyancy and stability.
Orthotists and Prosthetists are professionals who provide aid to patients with disabilities. They fix them to artificial limbs (prosthetics) and help them to regain stability. There are times when people lose their limbs in an accident. In some other occasions, they are born without a limb or orthopaedic impairment. Orthotists and prosthetists play a crucial role in their lives with fixing them to assistive devices and provide mobility.
A career in pathology in India is filled with several responsibilities as it is a medical branch and affects human lives. The demand for pathologists has been increasing over the past few years as people are getting more aware of different diseases. Not only that, but an increase in population and lifestyle changes have also contributed to the increase in a pathologist’s demand. The pathology careers provide an extremely huge number of opportunities and if you want to be a part of the medical field you can consider being a pathologist. If you want to know more about a career in pathology in India then continue reading this article.
Gynaecology can be defined as the study of the female body. The job outlook for gynaecology is excellent since there is evergreen demand for one because of their responsibility of dealing with not only women’s health but also fertility and pregnancy issues. Although most women prefer to have a women obstetrician gynaecologist as their doctor, men also explore a career as a gynaecologist and there are ample amounts of male doctors in the field who are gynaecologists and aid women during delivery and childbirth.
An oncologist is a specialised doctor responsible for providing medical care to patients diagnosed with cancer. He or she uses several therapies to control the cancer and its effect on the human body such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and biopsy. An oncologist designs a treatment plan based on a pathology report after diagnosing the type of cancer and where it is spreading inside the body.
The audiologist career involves audiology professionals who are responsible to treat hearing loss and proactively preventing the relevant damage. Individuals who opt for a career as an audiologist use various testing strategies with the aim to determine if someone has a normal sensitivity to sounds or not. After the identification of hearing loss, a hearing doctor is required to determine which sections of the hearing are affected, to what extent they are affected, and where the wound causing the hearing loss is found. As soon as the hearing loss is identified, the patients are provided with recommendations for interventions and rehabilitation such as hearing aids, cochlear implants, and appropriate medical referrals. While audiology is a branch of science that studies and researches hearing, balance, and related disorders.
The hospital Administrator is in charge of organising and supervising the daily operations of medical services and facilities. This organising includes managing of organisation’s staff and its members in service, budgets, service reports, departmental reporting and taking reminders of patient care and services.
For an individual who opts for a career as an actor, the primary responsibility is to completely speak to the character he or she is playing and to persuade the crowd that the character is genuine by connecting with them and bringing them into the story. This applies to significant roles and littler parts, as all roles join to make an effective creation. Here in this article, we will discuss how to become an actor in India, actor exams, actor salary in India, and actor jobs.
Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats create and direct original routines for themselves, in addition to developing interpretations of existing routines. The work of circus acrobats can be seen in a variety of performance settings, including circus, reality shows, sports events like the Olympics, movies and commercials. Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats must be prepared to face rejections and intermittent periods of work. The creativity of acrobats may extend to other aspects of the performance. For example, acrobats in the circus may work with gym trainers, celebrities or collaborate with other professionals to enhance such performance elements as costume and or maybe at the teaching end of the career.
Career as a video game designer is filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. A video game designer is someone who is involved in the process of creating a game from day one. He or she is responsible for fulfilling duties like designing the character of the game, the several levels involved, plot, art and similar other elements. Individuals who opt for a career as a video game designer may also write the codes for the game using different programming languages.
Depending on the video game designer job description and experience they may also have to lead a team and do the early testing of the game in order to suggest changes and find loopholes.
Radio Jockey is an exciting, promising career and a great challenge for music lovers. If you are really interested in a career as radio jockey, then it is very important for an RJ to have an automatic, fun, and friendly personality. If you want to get a job done in this field, a strong command of the language and a good voice are always good things. Apart from this, in order to be a good radio jockey, you will also listen to good radio jockeys so that you can understand their style and later make your own by practicing.
A career as radio jockey has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. If you want to know more about a career as radio jockey, and how to become a radio jockey then continue reading the article.
The word “choreography" actually comes from Greek words that mean “dance writing." Individuals who opt for a career as a choreographer create and direct original dances, in addition to developing interpretations of existing dances. A Choreographer dances and utilises his or her creativity in other aspects of dance performance. For example, he or she may work with the music director to select music or collaborate with other famous choreographers to enhance such performance elements as lighting, costume and set design.
A multimedia specialist is a media professional who creates, audio, videos, graphic image files, computer animations for multimedia applications. He or she is responsible for planning, producing, and maintaining websites and applications.
A career as social media manager involves implementing the company’s or brand’s marketing plan across all social media channels. Social media managers help in building or improving a brand’s or a company’s website traffic, build brand awareness, create and implement marketing and brand strategy. Social media managers are key to important social communication as well.
In a career as a copywriter, one has to consult with the client and understand the brief well. A career as a copywriter has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. Several new mediums of advertising are opening therefore making it a lucrative career choice. Students can pursue various copywriter courses such as Journalism, Advertising, Marketing Management. Here, we have discussed how to become a freelance copywriter, copywriter career path, how to become a copywriter in India, and copywriting career outlook.
Careers in journalism are filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. One cannot afford to miss out on the details. As it is the small details that provide insights into a story. Depending on those insights a journalist goes about writing a news article. A journalism career can be stressful at times but if you are someone who is passionate about it then it is the right choice for you. If you want to know more about the media field and journalist career then continue reading this article.
For publishing books, newspapers, magazines and digital material, editorial and commercial strategies are set by publishers. Individuals in publishing career paths make choices about the markets their businesses will reach and the type of content that their audience will be served. Individuals in book publisher careers collaborate with editorial staff, designers, authors, and freelance contributors who develop and manage the creation of content.
In a career as a vlogger, one generally works for himself or herself. However, once an individual has gained viewership there are several brands and companies that approach them for paid collaboration. It is one of those fields where an individual can earn well while following his or her passion.
Ever since internet costs got reduced the viewership for these types of content has increased on a large scale. Therefore, a career as a vlogger has a lot to offer. If you want to know more about the Vlogger eligibility, roles and responsibilities then continue reading the article.
Individuals in the editor career path is an unsung hero of the news industry who polishes the language of the news stories provided by stringers, reporters, copywriters and content writers and also news agencies. Individuals who opt for a career as an editor make it more persuasive, concise and clear for readers. In this article, we will discuss the details of the editor's career path such as how to become an editor in India, editor salary in India and editor skills and qualities.
Linguistic meaning is related to language or Linguistics which is the study of languages. A career as a linguistic meaning, a profession that is based on the scientific study of language, and it's a very broad field with many specialities. Famous linguists work in academia, researching and teaching different areas of language, such as phonetics (sounds), syntax (word order) and semantics (meaning).
Other researchers focus on specialities like computational linguistics, which seeks to better match human and computer language capacities, or applied linguistics, which is concerned with improving language education. Still, others work as language experts for the government, advertising companies, dictionary publishers and various other private enterprises. Some might work from home as freelance linguists. Philologist, phonologist, and dialectician are some of Linguist synonym. Linguists can study French, German, Italian.
The career of a travel journalist is full of passion, excitement and responsibility. Journalism as a career could be challenging at times, but if you're someone who has been genuinely enthusiastic about all this, then it is the best decision for you. Travel journalism jobs are all about insightful, artfully written, informative narratives designed to cover the travel industry. Travel Journalist is someone who explores, gathers and presents information as a news article.
Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues.
A quality controller plays a crucial role in an organisation. He or she is responsible for performing quality checks on manufactured products. He or she identifies the defects in a product and rejects the product.
A quality controller records detailed information about products with defects and sends it to the supervisor or plant manager to take necessary actions to improve the production process.
A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.
A QA Lead is in charge of the QA Team. The role of QA Lead comes with the responsibility of assessing services and products in order to determine that he or she meets the quality standards. He or she develops, implements and manages test plans.
A metallurgical engineer is a professional who studies and produces materials that bring power to our world. He or she extracts metals from ores and rocks and transforms them into alloys, high-purity metals and other materials used in developing infrastructure, transportation and healthcare equipment.
An Azure Administrator is a professional responsible for implementing, monitoring, and maintaining Azure Solutions. He or she manages cloud infrastructure service instances and various cloud servers as well as sets up public and private cloud systems.
An AWS Solution Architect is someone who specializes in developing and implementing cloud computing systems. He or she has a good understanding of the various aspects of cloud computing and can confidently deploy and manage their systems. He or she troubleshoots the issues and evaluates the risk from the third party.
Careers in computer programming primarily refer to the systematic act of writing code and moreover include wider computer science areas. The word 'programmer' or 'coder' has entered into practice with the growing number of newly self-taught tech enthusiasts. Computer programming careers involve the use of designs created by software developers and engineers and transforming them into commands that can be implemented by computers. These commands result in regular usage of social media sites, word-processing applications and browsers.
A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.
Individuals in the information security manager career path involves in overseeing and controlling all aspects of computer security. The IT security manager job description includes planning and carrying out security measures to protect the business data and information from corruption, theft, unauthorised access, and deliberate attack
As per latest 2024 syllabus. Chemistry formulas, equations, & laws of class 11 & 12th chapters
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