MBSE HSSLC Exam 2025 - Routine, Syllabus, Pattern, Question Papers, Result

English: Unit 01

English: Unit 02

• Short composition: Notice, advertisements
• Letter writing: Letters of complaints, application for a job, letters to editors
• Report writing

English: Unit 03

• Textbook-Flamingo: Poetry-(i) My mother at sixty six, (ii) An elementary school classroom in a slum, (iii) Keeping quiet, (iv) A thing of beauty
• Textbook-Flamingo: Prose-(i) The last lesson, (ii) Lost spring, (iii) Deep water, (iv) The rat trap, (v) Indigo
• Textbook-Vistas: (i) The third level, (ii) The enemy, (iii) Should wizard hit mommy, (iv) On the face of it, (v) Memories of childhood

Mizo: Unit 01

Mizo: Unit 02

Mizo: Unit 03

Mizo: Unit 04

Mizo: Unit 05

Political science: Unit 01

• Cold war era in world politics
• Disintegration of second world and the collapse of bipolary
• Us dominance in world politics
• Alternative centres of economic and political power
• International organisations in a unipolar world

Political science: Unit 02

• Nation building and its problems
• Era of one party dominance
• India’s external relations
• Crisis of the constitutional order
• Regional aspirations and conflicts

History: Unit 01

• The Harappan civilisation

History: Unit 02

• Early states and economies

History: Unit 03

• Early societies (c. 600BCE - 600CE)

History: Unit 04

• Changes in religious beliefs and devotional texts (c. eighth to eighteenth centuries)

History: Unit 05

• (c. fourteenth to sixteenth centuries)

History: Unit 06

• Agrarian society and the mughal empire (c. sixteenth to seventeenth centuries)

History: Unit 07

• Exploring official archives

History: Unit 08

• 1857 revolt and its representations

History: Unit 09

• Civil disobedience and beyond

History: Unit 10

Sociology: Unit 01

Sociology: Unit 02

Sociology: Unit 03

Sociology: Unit 04

Sociology: Unit 05

Sociology: Unit 06

Sociology: Unit 07

Sociology: Unit 08

Sociology: Unit 09

Sociology: Unit 10

Education: Unit 01

• Meaning of psychology, relationship between psychology and education
• Meaning of educational psychology: Nature of educational psychology

Education: Unit 02

• Meaning of growth and development
• Difference between growth and development
• Special characteristics of adolescence period

Education: Unit 03

• Meaning of heredity and environment
• Types of environment
• Relative importance of heredity and environment

Education: Unit 04

• Concepts of learning
• Theories of learning: Trial and error, conditioning, insightful learning

Education: Unit 05

• Meaning of attention and interest
• Characteristics of attention
• Relationship between attention and interest

Education: Unit 06

• Meaning of memory
• Factors affecting memory
• Meaning of forgetting, causes of forgetting, remedies for forgetting

Education: Unit 07

• Meaning of personality
• Classification of personality: Extrovert, introvert, ambivert
• Meaning of intelligence
• Intelligence quotient
• Theories of intelligence: Spearman’s two factor theory and multifactor theory

Education: Unit 08

• Concept of mental health and hygiene
• Characteristics of a mentally healthy individual
• Meaning of adjustment
• Adjustment mechanism: Rationalisation, identification, subtitution, repression, sympathism, day-dreaming

Education: Unit 09

• Meaning of guidance
• Types of guidance: Personal, educational, and vocational
• Meaning of counselling
• Types of counselling: Directive, non-directive and eclectic

Psychology: Unit 01

• Individual differences in intelligence: Theories of intelligence; culture and intelligence; emotional intelligence; aptitude: Nature, creativity, and intelligence

Psychology: Unit 02

• Aspects of self: Self concept-self-esteem and self-regulation; culture and self; personality: Concept; approaches to personality: Type and trait, psychodynamic, assessment of personality: Self-report measures, behavioural analysis, and projective measures

Psychology: Unit 03

• Stress: Nature, sources, types and effects on psychological functioning; coping with stress; concepts of health and well-being life style, health and well-being

Psychology: Unit 04

• Concepts of abnormality and psychological disorder, Causal factors associated with abnormal behaviour, classification of disorder
• Major psychological disorders: Anxiety, somato-form dissociative, mood, schizophrenic, developmental and behavioural substance related

Psychology: Unit 05

• Nature and process of therapy; nature of therapeutic relationship; types of therapies: Humanistic, cognitive; factors contributing to healing in psychotherapy; alternative therapies; rehabilitation of mentally ill people; ethics in psychotherapy

Psychology: Unit 06

• Groups: Nature, formation and types; influence of group on individual behaviour influence processess: Cooperation and competition

Psychology: Unit 07

• Psychological skills: General, observation, specific: Interviewing and counselling

Computer science: Unit 01

• C++ covered in class-IX: Introduction, structure of a C++ program, C++ character set, data type, basic data types, constants, integer constant, floating-points constants, character constants, string constants, variables, declaring the variable, operators
• C++ covered in class-IX: Arithmetic operators, unary operators, the conditional operator, order of precedence of operators, using iostream.h, studio.h, control statements, if else statement, nested if else, while loop, do-while loop, for loop
• C++ covered in class-IX: Nested for loops, break statement, continue, switch statement, nested switched statement, functions, writing a user defined function, accessing the function, function prototypes, void function, built-in functions
• Object oriented programming: Concept of object-oriented programming-data hiding, data encapsulation, class and object, abstract class and concrete class, abstract class and concrete class
• Object oriented programming: Polymorphism (implementation of polymorphism using function overloading as an example in C++); inheritance, advantage of object-oriented programming over earlier programming methodologies
• Implementation of object-oriented programming concepts in C++: Definition of a class, member of a class-data members and member functions (methods, using private, public and protected visibility modes, default visibility modes (private)
• Implementation of object-oriented programming concepts in C++: Member function definition-inside of objects as instances of a class; accessing member from object(s), array of type class, objects as function arguments-pass by value and pass by reference
• Constructor and destructor: Constructor-special characteristics, declaration and definition of a constructor, default constructor, overloaded constructors. Copy constructor, constructor with default arguments
• Constructor and destructor: Destructor-special characteristics, declaration and definition of destructor
• Inheritance (extending classes): Concept of inheritance, base class, derived class, defining derived classes, protected visibility mode, single level inheritance, multilevel inheritance and multiple inheritance, privately derived
• Inheritance (extending classes): Publicly derived and protected derived class, accessibility of members from objects and within derived class(es)

Computer science: Unit 02

• Arrays: One and two dimensional arrays-sequential allocation and address calculation; one dimensional array: Traversal, searching (linear and binary search), Insertion of an element in an array, deletion of an element from an array
• Arrays: One and two dimensional arrays-two dimensional arrays: Traversal, finding sum/ difference of two NxM arrays containing numerical values, interchanging rows and columns elements in two-dimensional array

Computer science: Unit 03

• Database concepts: Relational data model-concept of domain, tuple, relation, keys-primary key, alternate key, candidate key
• Structural query language: General concepts-advantage of using SQL, data definition language (DDL) and data manipulation language (DML); data types: Number, character, date
• Structural query language: SQL commands-create table, drop table, alter table, update...set, insert, delete, select, distinct, from, where, in, between, group by, having, order by
• Structural query language: SQL functions-sum, avg, count, max, and min

Computer science: Unit 04

• Binary valued quantities, Boolean variable, Boolean constant and Boolean operators; AND, OR, NOT; truth tables, closure property, commutative law, associative law, identity law, inverse law, principle of duality, idempotent law, distributive law
• Absorption law, involution law, DeMorgan's laws and their applications

Computer science: Unit 05

• Evolution of networking ARPANET, internet, interspace; different ways of sending data across the network with reference to switching techniques
• Data communication terminologies: Concept of channel, baud, bandwith (Hz, KHz, Mhz) and data transfer rate (bps, kbps, Mbps, Gbps, Tbps)
• Transmission media: Twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, optical fibre, infrared, radio link, microwave link and satellite link
• Network devices: Modem, RJ45 connector, ethernet card, hub, switch, gateway
• Network topologies and types: Bus, star, tree, concepts of LAN, WAN, MAN
• Network protocol: TCP/ IP, file transfer protocol (FTP), wireless/ mobile communication, GSM, CDMA, WLL, 3G, 4G, SMS, voice mail, application electronic mail, chat, video conferencing
• Network security concepts: Threats and prevention from viruses, worms, trojan horses, spams

Home science: Unit 01

• Protection from preventable childhood diseases
• Special needs of disadvantaged children
• Substitute child care

Home science: Unit 02

• Meal planning for an individual
• Planning meals for family and their modification for special condition
• Water for good health

Home science: Unit 03

• Family income and expenditure
• Consumer education
• Consumer protection

Home science: Unit 04

• Clothing in relation to personality
• Factors influencing selection of clothing
• Selection and purchase of fabrics

Home science: Unit 05

Geography: Unit 01

• Human geography-nature and scope: a) Introduction and definition, b) nature of human geography, c) scope of human geography, d) approaches: Traditional approaches to human geography

Geography: Unit 02

• Population of the world-number, growth, and density: a) Growth of world population, b) factors of increase in world population, c) distribution of world population, d) factors affecting population distribution and density-an overall viewpoint
• Population change: a) Introduction, b) determinants of population change, c) fertility and its measures, d) mortality and its measures, e) migration, f) factors determining migration
• Human development: a) Introduction, b) HD: Selected indicators

Geography: Unit 03

• Human activities: a) Primary activities-gathering, pastoralism, mining, minerals, subsistence agriculture, modern agriculture, major crops-rice, wheat, beverages-tea, coffee. Fiber crops-cotton

Geography: Unit 04

• Transport and communication: a) Modes of transport-roadways, railways, pipelines, water transport, air transport, b) mass communication, computer networking, and uses
• International trade: a) Basis of International trade, recent trends in International trade, ports

Geography: Unit 05

• Human settlements: Types of settlements, rural settlement patterns, classification of towns, or the basis of size, urban land use structure, functional classification of towns, problems of human settlements in developing countries

Geography: Unit 06

Geography: Unit 07

• People: Population composition-ethnic and socio cultural attributes: a) Tribal population, state wise distribution, b) spatial distribution of scheduled caste, state wise distribution of SC
• People: Population composition-ethnic and socio cultural attributes: c) Language and dialect groups, classification of Indian languages, d) unity in diversity
• People: Population of India-aspects of spatial distribution and growth: a) General demographic scene in India, b) census of population, c) distribution of population in India-state level, d) variations in density of population
• People: Population of India-aspects of spatial distribution and growth: e) Trends of population growth in India, f) variations in population growth, g) migration trends in India
• People: Population composition-demographic attributes
• People: Population, environment and Development-a) Population growth and environments, b) agricultural development and environmental degradation, c) urbanization and environmental degradation
• Human settlements: Human settlements and house types-settlements, table indicating differences between urban and rural settlements, morphology of an Indian town, house type
• Resource and sustainable development: Natural resources of India-resource development, major resources of India
• Resource and sustainable development: Agriculture-role of agriculture, traditional vs modern package technology or green revolution, regional imbalances in agricultural development, wet and dry land agriculture
• Resource and sustainable development: Agriculture-selected cultural practices-utility and relevance, intensity of cropping spatial pattern of agricultural development
• Resource and sustainable development: Manufacturing industries-industries-historical perspective, Industrial development, plan period, factors of industrial location, classification of industries, industrial clusters, industrial self-reliance
• Resource and sustainable development: Manufacturing industries-impact of liberalization, privatization, and globalization
• Resource and sustainable development: Planning in India and need for sustainable development-need for sustainable development, significance of SD
• Transport, communication, and International trade: Transport systems-rail transport, progress of Indian railways, factors, distribution of Indian railways, railway zones, road transport, classification of roads, inland waterways, problems
• Transport, communication, and International trade: Transport systems-air transport, and pipelines, power grid
• Transport, communication, and International trade: International trade, sea ports, and airports-nature of Indian foreign trade; present picture, scope of export, sea ports, airports
• Geographical perspective on selected issues and problems: Geographical perspective on selected issues and problems-environmental pollution-air, water pollution, hunger and poverty, causes, urbanization, urban waste disposal

Economics: Unit 01

• Introduction: Macro-economics-its meaning and scope viz central problems: Growth, inflation, employment. Some basic concepts of macroeconomics: Business cycle, aggregate demand , aggregate supply, consumption goods, capital goods, final goods
• Introduction: Macro-economics-intermediate goods; stocks and flows; gross investment and depreciation
• National income and related aggregate: Basic concept and measurement. Circular flow of income, method of calculating N.I, concepts of aggregates related to NI. GNP, NNP, gross and net domestic product (GDP and NDP)-at market price, at factor cost
• National income and related aggregate: National disposable income (gross and net)
• Theory of income and employment: Aggregate demand and its composites, consumption function and investment functions, propensity to consume and propensity to save, equilibrium output
• Money and banking: Money-meaning, functions and types. Supply of money-currency held by the public and net demand deposits held by commercial banks-definition and functions, money and credit creation by commercial banks. Central bank-meaning and functions
• Monetary policy, fiscal policy, and government budget: Fiscal policy-meaning, types and tools, government budget-meaning, objectives, components and types, classification of expenditures-revenue expenditure and capital expenditure
• Monetary policy, fiscal policy, and government budget: Various measures of government deficit-revenue deficit, fiscal deficit, primary deficit: Their meaning and implication

Economics: Unit 02

• Introduction: Parameter of development-per capita income, HDI in India-main features, problems and policies of agriculture and foreign trade
• Planning and economic development in India : Objectives, targets, achievements and drawbacks of different five year plans in India (a brief account)
• Structural change in the Indian economy after liberalization: Meaning, need, significance, and features of liberalization, globalization, disinvestment and privatization. Present features of Indian economy
• Current challenges facing Indian economy: Poverty-absolute and relative: Main programs for poverty allocation; a critical assessment; rural development; key issues credit and marketing
• Current challenges facing Indian economy: Role of co-operative-agricultural diversification: Alternative farming-organic farming, human capital formation: How people become resources; role of human capital in economics development
• Current challenges facing Indian economy: Sustainable economic growth; meaning, effect of economic development on resources and environment
• Economic growth and development: Economic growth and development-meaning and difference, comparative study of India and china on the following indicators: i) Unemployment, ii) GDP growth, iii) GDP per capita, iv) GDP purchasing power parity
• Economic growth and development: Comparative study of India and china on the following indicators-v) amount in direct foreign investment, vi) inflation, vii) poverty

Public administration: Unit 01

• During British rule and post Independence period
• Evolution of indian constitution
• Basic principles of Indian administration under the constitution of India-sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic, republic
• Judiciary-meaning and importance

Public administration: Unit 02

• President
• Prime minister
• Cabinet secretariat
• Cabinet Secretary

Public administration: Unit 03

• Governor
• Chief minister
• State secretariat
• Chief secretary

Public administration: Unit 04

• Development of district administration-nature
• Deputy commissioner/ district collector-evolution, role and importance
• District council-composition, powers and functions, 5th and 6th schedule of the constitution
• Local self-government-nature (rural and urban), importance

Public administration: Unit 05

• All India services, central services, state civil services-meaning, recruitment and role
• Union public service commission and state public service commission
• Election commission of india
• Information commission (central and state), Lokpal, Lok Ayukta, and Lok Adalat

Mathematics: Unit 01

• Relations and functions: Types of relations-reflexive, symmetric, transitive, and equivalence relations. One to one and onto functions
• Inverse trigonometric functions: Definition, range, domain, principal value branches

Mathematics: Unit 02

• Matrices: Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero and identity matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrices. Operation on matrices: Addition and multiplication and multiplication with a scalar
• Matrices: Simple properties of addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication. Non-commutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non-zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2)
• Determinants: Determinant of a square matrix (upto 3x3) matrices, minors, co-factors and applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle. Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix
• Determinants: Solving system of linear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix

Mathematics: Unit 03

• Continuity and differentiability: Continuity and differentiability, derivative of composite functions, chain rule, derivative of inverse trigonometric functions, derivative of implicit functions. Concept of exponential and logarithmic functions
• Continuity and differentiability: Derivatives of logarithmic and exponential functions. Logarithmic differentiation, derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives
• Applications of derivatives: Applications of derivatives: increasing/ decreasing functions, tangents and normal, maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated geometrically and second derivative test given as a provable tool)
• Applications of derivatives: Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as well as real-life situations)
• Integrals: Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, evaluation of simple integrals of the following types and problems based on them
• Integrals: ʃdx/ x² ± a², ʃdx/ √ x² ± a², ʃdx/ √a² - x², ʃdx/ ax² + bx + c, ʃdx/ √ax² + bx + c, ʃpx + q/ ax² + bx + c dx, ʃpx + q/ √ax² + bx + c dx, ʃ√a² ± x² dx, ʃ√x² – a² dx. Fundamental theorem of calculus (without proof)
• Integrals: Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals
• Applications of the Integrals: Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, circles/ parabolas/ ellipses (in standard form only)
• Differential equations: Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation. Solution of differential equations by method of separation of variables
• Differential equations: Solutions of homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree. Solutions of linear differential equation of the type: dy/ dx + py=Q, where P and Q are functions of x or constant

Mathematics: Unit 04

• Vectors: Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector. Direction cosines and direction ratios of a vector. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors), position vector of a point, negative of a vector
• Vectors: Components of a vector, addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by a scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio. Scalar (dot) product of vectors, vector (cross) product of vectors
• Three-dimensional geometry: Direction cosines and direction ratios of a line joining two points. Cartesian equation and vector equation of a line, coplanar and skew lines, shortest distance between two lines
• Three-dimensional geometry: Cartesian and vector equation of a plane

Mathematics: Unit 05

• Introduction, related terminology such as constraints, objective function, optimization, different types of linear programming (L.P.) problems, mathematical formulation of L.P. problems, graphical method of solution for problems in two variables
• Feasible and infeasible regions (bounded or unbounded), feasible and infeasible solutions, optimal feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial constraints)

Mathematics: Unit 06

• Conditional probability, multiplication theorem on probability, independent events, total probability, Bayes’ theorem, random variable and its probability distribution

Physics: Unit 01

• Electric charges and their conservation
• Coulomb’s law-force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution
• Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines; electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole; torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field
• Electric flux, statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field due-to infinitely long straight wire
• Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges and of electric dipoles in an electrostatic field
• Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor
• Dielectrics and electric polarisation, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor

Physics: Unit 02

• Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor drift velocity and mobility, and their relation with electric current; Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power
• Electrical resistivity and conductivity
• Temperature dependence of resistance
• Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel
• Kirchhoff’s laws and simple applications
• Wheatstone brides, metre bridge (qualitative ideas only)
• Potentiometer-principle and applications to measure potential difference, and for comparing emf of two cells (qualitative ideas only)

Physics: Unit 03

• Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment
• Biot-Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop
• Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, straight and toroidal solenoids (only qualitative treatment)
• Force-on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields
• Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field
• Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere
• Torque experienced by a current loop in a magnetic field; moving coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity and conversion-to ammeter and voltmeter
• Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment
• Magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements

Physics: Unit 04

• Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law, induced EMF and current; Lenz’s Law, eddy currents
• Self-and mutual inductance
• Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/ voltage; reactance and impedance; LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits
• AC generator and transformer

Physics: Unit 05

• Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics-transverse nature of electromagnetic waves (qualitative ideas only)
• Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, xrays, gamma-rays) including elementary facts about their uses

Physics: Unit 06

• Refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications, optical fibres, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens-maker’s formula
• Magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact combination of a lens and a mirror
• Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism
• Optical instruments: Microscope and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers
• Wave optics: Wavefront and Huygens’ principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wavefronts
• Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens’ principle
• Interference, Young’s double hole experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources and sustained interference of light
• Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum

Physics: Unit 07

• Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations (experimental study of photoelectric effect); Einstein’s photoelectric equation-particle nature of light
• Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de Broglie relation

Physics: Unit 08

• Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum
• Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars; isotones
• Mass-energy relation, mass defect; nuclear fission and fusion

Physics: Unit 09

• Energy bands in solids, conductors, insulators and semiconductors (qualitative ideas only); semiconductor diode-I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier
• Special purpose p-n junction diodes: LED, photodiode, solar cell

Chemistry: Unit 01

• Classification of solids based on different binding forces: Molecular, ionic covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids(elementary idea), unit cell in two dimensional and three dimensional lattices, calculation of density of unit cell
• Classification of solids based on different binding forces: Packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects

Chemistry: Unit 02

• Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, colligative properties-relative lowering of vapour pressure, Raoult’s law, elevation of BP
• Depression of freezing point osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties

Chemistry: Unit 03

• Redox reactions, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential
• Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells
• Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell

Chemistry: Unit 04

• Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous), factors affecting rates of reaction: Concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction; rate law and specific rate constant
• Integrated rate equations and half life (only for-zero and first order reactions)

Chemistry: Unit 05

• Adsorption-physisorption and chemisorption; factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids; colloidal state; distinction between true solutions, colloids and suspensions; lyophillic, lyophobic multimolecular and macromolecular colloids
• Properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation

Chemistry: Unit 06

• Group 15 element: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, oxidation states, trends. in physical and chemical properties; nitrogen-preparation, properties and uses
• Group 15 element: Compounds of nitrogen-preparation and properties of ammonia and nitric acid
• Group 16 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; dioxygen, properties and uses; classification of oxides; ozone. Sulphur-allotropic forms
• Group 16 elements: Compounds of sulphur-preparation, properties and uses of sulphur dioxide, properties and uses, oxoacids of sulphur (structures only)
• Group 17 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; compounds of halogens: Preparation, properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid
• Group 17 elements: Interhalogen compounds, oxoacids of halogens (structure’s only)
• Group 18 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties, uses

Chemistry: Unit 07

• General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first row transition metals-metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour
• Catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation
• Lanthanoids-electronic configuration, oxidation states, contraction and its consequences

Chemistry: Unit 08

• Coordination compounds: Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, bonding, Werner’s theory VBT, CFT

Chemistry: Unit 09

• Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions. Optical rotation
• Haloarenes: Nature of C-X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen for monosubstituted compounds only)

Chemistry: Unit 10

• Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only); identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration
• Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses of phenols
• Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses

Chemistry: Unit 11

• Aldehydes and ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, and mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes; uses
• Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses

Chemistry: Unit 12

• Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary secondary and tertiary amines
• Cyanides and isocyanides-will be mentioned at relevant places in context

Chemistry: Unit 13

• Carbohydrates: Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharide (glucose and fructose), DL configuration
• Proteins: Elementary idea of a amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins
• Nucleic acids: DNA and RNA

Biology: Unit 01

• Reproduction in organisms: Life span, vegetative propagation, sexual reproduction, events in sexual reproduction, parthenogenesis
• Sexual reproduction in flowering plants
• Human Reproduction
• Reproductive health-problems and strategies

Biology: Unit 02

• Evolution: Chemical evolution of life-scientific hypothesis: Oparin haldane theory, Miller and urey’s experiment. Biological evolution: (i) Lamark’s theory of evolution, (ii) Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection. Concept of species

Biology: Unit 03

• Strategies for enhancement in food production: Main steps in breeding-a new genetic variety, crop improvement, somatic hybridization and protoplast culture

Biology: Unit 04

• Ecosystem: Ecosystem-structure and function, nutrient cycling, biogeochemical cycles-carbon cycle, phosphorus cycle
• Environmental issues: Pollution, air pollution, noise pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, soil erosion and conservation

Geology: Unit 01

• Introduction to structural geology: Definition of structural geology, basic knowledge of Brunton compass and clinometer
• Study of attitudes of bed: Strike, true dip and apparent dip, dip amount and dip direction
• Definition and types of fold, fault, and joint

Geology: Unit 02

• Introduction to palaeontology: Definitions of palaeontology
• Fossil: Definition of fossil and index fossil, mode of preservation and significance of fossil in geological studies
• Classification, geologic range and brief morphological study of-Bivalvia, Gastropoda

Geology: Unit 03

• Introduction: Definition of ore, gangue, and tenor
• Elementary idea of the processes of mineral deposits-magmatic deposits, hydrothermal deposits, mechanical and residual deposits, sedimentary deposits and metamorphic deposits
• Mineral resources of Mizoram

Geology: Unit 04

• Hydrogeology: Hydrologic cycle, types of precipitation, types of water, types of aquifers, porosity, permeability and water table
• Engineering geology: Engineering properties of rocks; types of dam, geological considerations in selection of sites for dams
• Environmental geology: Natural hazards-landslide, types of landslides, causes and preventive measures; earthquake-origin, types, causes and effects; tsunamis; common water and air pollutants; green house effects, green house gases; global warming

Business studies: Unit 01

• Management-concept, objective, importance
• Management as science, arts, profession
• Levels of management-concept
• Coordination-importance

Business studies: Unit 02

• Principles of management-concept and significance
• Fayol’s principles of management
• Taylor’s scientific management-principles, concept of techniques of scientific management

Business studies: Unit 03

• Business environment-concept, importance
• Dimensions of business environment-economic, social, technological
• Concept of liberalisation, privatisation, globalisation, and industry

Business studies: Unit 04

• Concept, importance, limitations
• Planning process

Business studies: Unit 05

• Concept and Importance
• Steps in the process of organising
• Delegation: Concept, elements, and importance
• Decentralization: Concept and importance

Business studies: Unit 06

• Concept and importance of staffing
• Staffing process: Recruitment-meaning and sources, selection-process
• Training and development-concept

Business studies: Unit 07

• Concept and Importance
• Elements of directing: Supervision-concept, functions of a supervisor, motivation-concept, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, financial incentives, leadership-concept, qualities of a good leader, communication-concept, formal and informal communication

Business studies: Unit 08

• Concept and Importance
• Steps in the process of control

Business studies: Unit 09

• Concept, objective of financial management
• Financial planning: Concept and importance
• Financial structure-concept and factors affecting
• Fixed and working capital-concept and factors affecting its requirements

Business studies: Unit 10

• Financial markets: Concept and types
• Money market and its instruments
• Capital market and its types (primary and secondary)
• Stock exchange-functions
• Security exchange board of India (SEBI)-objectives and functions

Business studies: Unit 11

• Marketing-meaning, functions, marketing vs. selling
• Marketing mix-concept: Product-concept of branding, labelling, and packaging, price-factors determining price, physical distribution-concept, promotion-concept and elements, advertising-concept, objections against advertising
• Marketing mix-concept: Personal selling-concept and qualities of a good salesman, sales promotion-concept and techniques

Business studies: Unit 12

• Concept of consumer protection
• Consumer protection act, 1986
• Meaning of consumer and consumer protection
• Rights and responsibilities of consumers
• Who can file a complaint and against whom?
• Redressal machinery

Accountancy: Unit 01

• Provisions of the Indian partnership act, 1932 affecting accounts in the absence of partnership deed
• Fixed vs. fluctuating capital accounts, division of profit among partners, guarantee of profits, past adjustments (relating to interest on capital, interest on drawing, salary and profit sharing ratio), preparation of P and L appropriation account
• Goodwill: Nature, factors affecting and methods of valuation-average profit, super profit, and capitalization

Accountancy: Unit 02

• Admission of a partner-effect of admission of a partner on: Change in the profit sharing ratio, treatment of goodwill (as per as 26), treatment for revaluation of assets and re-assessment of liabilities, treatment of reserves and accumulated profits
• Admission of a partner-effect of admission of a partner on: Preparation of balance sheet
• Retirement and death of a partner: Effect of retirement/ death of a partner-change in profit sharing ratio, treatment of goodwill, treatment for revaluation of assets and re-assessment of liabilities, adjustment of accumulated profit and reserves
• Retirement and death of a partner: Calculation of deceased partner’s share of profit till the date of death. Preparation of deceased partner’s executor’s account and preparation of balance sheet

Accountancy: Unit 03

• Share and share capital: Meaning, nature, and types
• Accounting for share capital: Issue and allotment of equity shares. Private placement of shares. Public subscription of shares-over subscription and under subscription of shares. Issue at par and premium, calls in advance and arrears
• Accounting for share capital: Issue of shares for consideration other than cash
• Accounting treatment of forfeiture and re-issue
• Disclosure of share capital in company’s balance sheet (horizontal form)

Accountancy: Unit 04

• Financial statement analysis: Meaning, objectives, and limitations
• Tools for financial statement analysis: Comparative statements, common size statements, cash flow analysis, ratio analysis

Accountancy: Unit 05

• Meaning, objectives, and classification of ratios
• Liquidity ratios: Current ratio and quick ratio
• Solvency ratios: Debt to equity ratio, total asset to debt ratio, proprietary ratio, interest coverage ratio
• Activity ratios: Stock turnover ratio, debtors turnover ratio, creditors turnover ratio, working capital turnover ratio
• Profitability ratios: Gross profit ratio, operating ratio, operating profit ratio, net profit ratio

Accountancy: Unit 06

• Meaning, object, and preparation (as per AS 3, without adjustment). (indirect method)

Business mathematics: Unit 01

Business mathematics: Unit 02

Business mathematics: Unit 03

Business mathematics: Unit 04

• Arithmetic progression, arithmetic mean

Business mathematics: Unit 05

Business mathematics: Unit 06

Business mathematics: Unit 07

Business mathematics: Unit 08

Business mathematics: Unit 09