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NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 12 Mineral Nutrition

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NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 12 Mineral Nutrition

Edited By Priyanka kumari | Updated on Aug 19, 2022 03:39 PM IST

NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology solutions chapter 12 studies chemical elements and compounds pivotal for plant growth and metabolism. You will be amazed to know that plants absorb 105 elements out of which 17 elements are important for growth and survival. Along with these, plants also need beneficial elements such as sodium, silicon, cobalt etc. NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology solutions chapter 12 also explains the absorption mechanism of elements in the plant. Plants also require Macro and Micronutrients for their proper well-being. Macronutrients such as Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulphur, Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium are required in large amounts for plant growth. Micronutrients namely Manganese, Copper, Zinc, Boron, Nickel, are present in fewer amounts.

NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 11th Biology Chapter 12 Mineral Nutrition:

Multiple Choice Questions:

Question:1

Which one of the following roles is not characteristic of an essential element?
(a) Being a component of biomolecules
(b) Changing the chemistry of soil
(c) Being a structural component of energy related chemical compounds
(d) Activation or inhibition of enzymes

Answer:

The answer is the option (b) changing the chemistry of soil

Explanation: Essential elements have no role in changing the chemistry of soil because soil is a non-living thing.

Question:2

Which one of the following statements can best explain the term critical concentration of an essential element?
(a) Essential element concentration below which plant growth is retarded.
(b) Essential element concentration below which plant growth becomes enhanced.
(c) Essential element concentration below which plant remains in the vegetative phase.
(d) None of the above

Answer:

The answer is the option (a) essential element concentration below which plant growth becomes retarded.

Explanation: Critical concentration is the limited concentration of essential elements in a plant that is required for its proper growth and development. If the concentration falls below this level, growth will be stunted or retarded.

Question:2

Which one of the following statements can best explain the term critical concentration of an essential element?
(a) Essential element concentration below which plant growth is retarded.
(b) Essential element concentration below which plant growth becomes enhanced.
(c) Essential element concentration below which plant remains in the vegetative phase.
(d) None of the above

Answer:

The answer is the option (a) essential element concentration below which plant growth becomes retarded.

Explanation: Critical concentration is the limited concentration of essential elements in a plant that is required for its proper growth and development. If the concentration falls below this level, growth will be stunted or retarded.

Question:3

Deficiency symptoms of an element tend to appear first in young leaves. It indicates that the element is relatively immobile. Which one of the following elemental deficiency would show such symptoms?
(a) Sulphur
(b) Magnesium
(c) Nitrogen
(d) Potassium

Answer:

The answer is the option (a) Sulphur

Explanation: Elements other than Sulphur are highly mobile and they move from old leaves to the young.

Question:4

Which one of the following symptoms is not due to manganese toxicity in plants?
(a) Calcium translocation in shoot apex is inhibited
(b) Deficiency in both Iron and Nitrogen is induced
(c) Appearance of brown spot surrounded by chlorotic veins
(d) None of the above

Answer:

The answer is option (d) None of the above
Explanation: Toxicity of manganese occurs when plants absorb manganese in large amounts. This high intake causes deficiency in Iron and Nitrogen, Ca translocation in the shoot apex, brown spots surrounded by chlorotic veins.

Question:5

Reaction carried out by N2 fixing microbes include
\\(a)\: 2NH_3+3O_2\rightarrow 2NO_2+2H+2H_2O\\ (b)\: 2NO_{2}^{-}+O_2\rightarrow2 N^-O_3
Which of the following statements about these equations is not true?
(a) step (i) is carried out by Nitrosomonas or Nitrococcus
(b) step (ii) is carried out by Nitrobacter
(c) both steps (i) and (ii) can be called nitrification
(d) bacteria carrying out these steps are usually photoautotrophs

Answer:

The answer is the option (d) bacteria carrying out these steps are usually photoautotrophs
Explanation: Bacteria carrying out nitrogen fixation are chemoautotrophs and not photoautotrophs.

Question:6

With regard to the Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Rhizobium in association with soybean, which one of the following statement/ statements does not hold true.
(a) Nitrogenase may require oxygen for its functioning.
(b) Nitrogenase is Mo- Fe protein
(c) Leg-hemoglobin is a pink coloured pigment.
(d) Nitrogenase helps to convert N2 gas into two molecules of ammonia.

Answer:

The answer is the option (a) Nitrogenase may require oxygen for its functioning

Explanation: Nitrogenase is highly sensitive to oxygen. If exposed to oxygen, it makes the enzyme inactive. Therefore, nitrogenase does not require oxygen for its functioning.

Question:7

Match the element with its associated functions/roles and choose the correct option among given below

Column IColumn II
A. Boron(i) Splitting of H2O to liberate O2 during photosynthesis
B. Manganese(ii) Needed for synthesis of auxins
C. Molybdenum(iii) Component of nitrogenase
D. Zinc(iv) Pollen germination
E. Iron(v) Component of ferredoxin

Options
(a) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D.(iv), E-(v)
(b) A-(iv), B-(i), C-(iii), D-(ii), E-(v)
(c) A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(iv), D-(v), E-(i)
(d) A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(v), D-(i), E-(iv)

Answer:

(b) A-(iv), B-(i), C-(iii), D-(ii), E-(v)
  1. Boron
Pollen germination
  1. Manganese
Splitting of H2O to liberate O2 during photosynthesis
  1. Molybdenum
Component of nitrogenase
  1. Zinc
Needed for synthesis of auxins
  1. Iron
Component of ferredoxin


Question:8

Plants can be grown in (Tick the incorrect option)
(a) Soil with essential nutrients.
(b) Water with essential nutrients.
(c) Either water or soil with essential nutrients.
(d) Water or soil without essential nutrients.

Answer:

The answer is the option (d) water or soil without essential nutrients.
Explanation: Plants cannot grow in water or soil without essential nutrients because lack of nutrients will
lead to no growth.

Very Short Answer Type Questions:

Question:1

Name a plant, which accumulate silicon.

Answer:

Oryza sativa (Rice).

Question:2

Mycorrhiza is a mutualistic association. How do the organisms involved in this association gain from each other?

Answer:

Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic or mutualistic association between fungus and roots of vascular plants. In this association, the roots provide shelter to the fungus, and fungus helps the roots in intake of minerals, water, and other nutrients.

Question:3

Nitrogen fixation is shown by prokaryotes and not eukaryotes. Comment?

Answer:

Nitrogenase is the enzyme which is required for nitrogen fixation. This enzyme is only available is prokaryotes. Therefore, only prokaryotes and not eukaryotes show nitrogen fixation.

Question:4

Carnivorous plants like Nepenthes and Venus flytrap have nutritional adaptations. Which nutrient do they especially obtain and from where?

Answer:

Ans.
Carnivorous plants like Nepenthes and Venus flytrap grow in soil that is deficient in nitrogen. In order to obtain nitrogen, they eat insects trapped by them through their special physical conditions.

Question:5

Think of a plant which lacks chlorophyll. From where will it obtain nutrition? Give an example of such a type of plant.

Answer:

Monotropa is a parasitic plant which lacks chlorophyll. It grows on other plants and depends on its host plant for nutrition and essential elements.

Question:6

Name an insectivorous angiosperm.

Answer:

Ans.
Utricularia, also known as bladderworts.

Question:7

A farmer adds Azotobacter culture to soil before sowing maize. Which mineral element is being replenished?

Answer:

Azotobacter helps in replenishing the nitrogen element through nitrogen fixation.

Question:8

What type of conditions are created by leghaemoglobin in the root nodule of a legume?

Answer:

Nitrogenase is highly sensitive to oxygen and hence require an anaerobic condition to function. Leghaemoglobin acts as an oxygen scavenger and protects the nitrogenase enzyme from oxygen. Thus, creating anaerobic conditions in the root nodules of legumes.

Mineral Nutrition Excercise: 1.4

Question:9

What is common to Nepenthes, Utricularia and Drosera with regard to the mode of nutrition?

Answer:

All of these are insectivorous plants.

Question:12

Name the macronutrient which is a component of all organic compounds but is not obtained from soil.

Answer:

Carbon is obtained from the atmosphere in the form of CO2.

Question:13

Name one non-symbiotic nitrogen fixing prokaryote.

Answer:

Azotobacter is a free-living non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing prokaryote.

Question:16

Excess of Mn in soil leads to deficiency of Ca, Mg and Fe. Justify.

Answer:

The toxicity of manganese occurs when plants absorb manganese in large amounts. This excess of Mn causes a reduction in Iron and Magnesium uptake and Ca translocation in the shoot apex, leading to deficiency in Ca, Mg, and Fe.

Short Answer Type Questions:

Question:1

How is Sulphur important for plants? Name the amino acids in which it is present.

Answer:

Sulphur is a vital macronutrient that helps in metabolic processes, growth of plants, in composing enzymes, and nodule formation in legumes. Two amino acids in which it is present are cysteine and methionine.


Question:2

How are organisms like Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus of great significance in nitrogen cycle?

Answer:

Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus help in denitrification in the nitrogen cycle. They help in converting nitrate salts present in water and soil into a gaseous form that escapes into the atmosphere.

Question:3

Carefully observe the following figure:


(a) Name the technique shown in the figure and the scientist who demonstrated this technique for the first time.
(b) Name at least three plants for which this technique can be employed for their commercial production.
(c) What is the significance of aerating tube and feeding funnel in this setup

Answer:

(a) The technique is hydroponics which was first demonstrated by Julius Von Sachs.
(b) Tomato, brinjal, lettuce.
(c) Aerating tube provides oxygen to the roots growing in the solution and feeding funnel is used to provide nutrients and water into the hydroponic system.

Question:4

Name the most crucial enzyme found in root nodules for N2 fixation? Does it require a special pink coloured pigment for its functioning? Elaborate.

Answer:

Nitrogenase is the most crucial enzyme that is required for N2 fixation. Nitrogenase is extremely sensitive to oxygen, and this pink coloured pigment called leghemoglobin acts as an oxygen scavenger and creates an anaerobic condition which is necessary for normal functioning of nitrogenase.


Question:5

How are the terms ‘critical concentration’ and ‘deficient’ different from each other in terms of the concentration of an essential element in plants? Can you find the values of ‘critical concentration’ and ‘deficient’ for minerals — Fe & Zn.

Answer:

Critical concentration is the concentration of essential elements below which the growth of the plant is stunted and retarded. Deficient concentration is the inadequate supply of nutrient in plant resulting in deficiency symptoms.

For Zn, the critical concentration is 0.5 to 1 per cent while deficient is less than 0.5 per cent.

For Fe, the critical concentration is 3.5-5 per cent while deficient is less than 3.5 per cent.

Question:6

Carnivorous plants exhibit nutritional adaptation: Citing an example explain this fact.

Answer:

Carnivorous plants grow in soil that lacks nitrogen and other important nutrients. In order to fulfill its nutritional requirements, it feeds on insects or protozoans. E.g. Venus Fly Trap, Utricularia, Nepenthes etc.
In a pitcher plant, its leaf is modified into a pitcher with lids. The inner wall of the leaf has suckers to absorb body fluid from the insects that are trapped.

Question:7

A farmer adds/ supplies Na, Ca, Mg and Fe regularly to his field and yet he observes that the plants show deficiency of Ca, Mg and Fe. Give a valid reason and suggest a way to help the farmer improve the growth of plants.

Answer:

The plant can tolerate a specific number of micronutrients only. Even a slightly lesser amount or more of it can cause deficiency or toxicity. It is generally observed that the toxicity of one element can lead to a deficiency of others. For example, in the case of toxicity of manganese, elements like calcium, nitrogen, iron become deficient because when manganese is stored in excess by plants, the calcium is translocated to the shoot apex and deficiency of elements like Magnesium, Iron, and Nitrogen are induced. In such cases, farmers should use these nutrients in their limited concentration as prescribed to prevent any deficiency or excessive intake.

Long Answer Type Questions:

Question:1

It is observed that deficiency of a particular element showed its symptoms initially in older leaves and then in younger leaves.

(a) Does it indicate that the element is actively mobilized or relatively immobile?
(b) Name two elements that are highly mobile and two which are relatively immobile.
(c) How is the aspect of the mobility of elements important to horticulture and agriculture?

Answer:

(a) It indicates that elements are actively mobilized as elements that are actively mobile show deficiency in older leaves before moving to younger leaves.

(b) Nitrogen, potassium, and magnesium are highly mobile elements, while calcium and sulfur are relatively immobile elements.

(c) The aspect of the mobility of elements plays a very important role in horticulture and agriculture because with the prevalence of mobility and immobility of elements in older or younger parts of a plant, agriculturalists or horticulturalists can make out deficiencies of elements, and they will be in a better position to provide the required amount of elements as a corrective measure.

Question:2

We find that Rhizobium forms nodules on the roots of leguminous plants. Also, Frankia another microbe forms nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of non-leguminous plant Alnus.
(a) Can we artificially induce the property of nitrogen fixation in a plant-leguminous or non–leguminous?
(b) What kind of relationship is observed between mycorrhiza and pine trees?
(c) Is it necessary for a microbe to be in close association with a plant to provide mineral nutrition? Explain with the help of one example.

Answer:

(a) Scientists have tried to induce the property of nitrogen fixation in leguminous and non- leguminous plants through genetic engineering by transforming the nitrogen fixation genes from the bacteria into the plants. But the experiments have shown an exceptionally low success rate, and no viable alternative to natural nitrogen fixation is available.

(b) It is a mutual or symbiotic relationship.

(c) Yes, it is necessary for a microbe to be in close association with a plant to provide mineral nutrition. For example, we can illustrate the example of the symbiotic relationship between Rhizobium and leguminous plants. Rhizobium is a bacterium which is found in the root nodules of leguminous plants. The root provides shelter and food to the bacterium, and in return, the bacterium helps in nitrogen fixation in soil.

Question:3

What are the essential elements for plants? Give the criteria of essentiality? How are minerals classified depending upon the amount in which they are needed by the plants?

Answer:

Any element that fulfils the essentiality criteria is called an essential element for plants. Some of the various criteria for the essentiality of an element are –

(a) The element must be particularly important for facilitating normal growth and reproduction of the plant.
(b) The requirement of the element must be specific, and it should not be replaceable by any other element.
(c) Directly involvement of the element in metabolism in the plant should be present.Minerals are divided into two categories, viz. macronutrients and micronutrients on the basis of the amount in which minerals are needed.

Macronutrients: Elements that are present in large amounts, that is >10 m mole per kg of dry matter,are macronutrients. Examples include carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, etc.
Micronutrients: Elements that are present in small amounts, that is < 10 m mole per kg of dry matter,are micronutrients. Examples include iron, calcium, magnesium, etc.

Question:4

With the help of examples describe the classification of essential elements based on the function they perform.

Answer:

Essential elements can be classified into four categories on basis of their functions –

(a) As components of biomolecules: These elements form the structural elements of cells.Examples: carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen.

(b) As elements in energy-related compounds: Magnesium in chlorophyll and phosphorus in ATP helps in the photosynthesis process and other metabolic activities that require energy.

(c) Elements that facilitate activation of enzymes like magnesium and zinc.

(d) Elements that can alter or influence osmotic pressure in the cells like potassium.

Question:5

We know that plants require nutrients. If we supply these in excess, will it be beneficial to the plants? If yes, how/ If no, why?

Answer:

A plant can tolerate a specific amount of nutrients only. Even a slightly lesser amount or more of it can cause deficiency or toxicity. It is generally observed that the toxicity of one element can lead to a deficiency of others. For example, in the case of toxicity of manganese, elements like calcium, nitrogen, iron become deficient because when manganese is stored in excess by plants, the calcium is translocated to the shoot apex and deficiency of elements like Magnesium, Iron, and Nitrogen are induced leading to stunted growth or retarded growth of the plant. In such cases, farmers should use these nutrients in their limited concentration as prescribed to prevent any deficiency or excessive intake. Thus, excess of nutrients is never beneficial but harmful for plants.

Question:6

Trace the events starting from the coming in contact of Rhizobium to a leguminous root till nodule formation. Add a note on importance of leg-haemoglobin.

Answer:


(a) Rhizobium bacteria comes into contact with a susceptible root hair and begin to colonize the area of the roots.
(b) The root hairs curl up after being invaded by the bacteria.
(c) The infected thread formed in the roots carries the bacteria into the cortical tissue of the roots.The bacteria modify itself to Bacteroides that is rod-shaped, and as a result, the cortex and pericycle cells present in the roots divide.
(d) Division of the two cells in the cortex leads to the formation of nodules.
(e) A nodule is matured when it forms vascular tissues in continuation with the vascular tissues in the roots.Importance of
Leghaemoglobin: Nitrogenase is the most crucial enzyme that is required for N2 fixation. Nitrogenase is highly sensitive to oxygen, and this pink coloured pigment called leghaemoglobin acts as an oxygen scavenger and creates an anaerobic condition which is
necessary for normal functioning of nitrogenase.

Question:7

Give the biochemical events occurring in the root nodule of a pulse plant. What is the end product? What is its fate?

Answer:

Biochemical events occurring in the root nodule of a pulse plant are –
A) Rhizobium bacteria comes into contact with a susceptible root hair and begin to colonize the area of the roots.

B) The root hairs curl up after being invaded by the bacteria.

C) The infected thread formed in the roots carries the bacteria into the cortical tissue of the roots.The bacteria modify itself to Bacteroides that is rod-shaped, and as a result, the cortex and pericycle cells present in the roots divide.

D) Division of the two cells in the cortex leads to the formation of nodules.

E) A nodule is matured when it forms vascular tissues in continuation with the vascular tissues in the roots. Nitrogenase and leghaemoglobin present in the root nodules catalyze the conversion process in which atmospheric nitrogen is converted into ammonia. Ammonia is the end product of this fixation.
Equation: N2 + 8e- + 8H- + 16ATP\rightarrow 2NH3 + H2 + 16 ADP + 16Pi

Fate of Ammonia: Ammonia that is produced is converted into ammonium ion, which can be assimilated by plants. But since the ammonium ions are very toxic and should not be accumulated in plants, they get converted into amino acids through ransamination and reductive amination.

Question:8

Hydroponics has been shown to be a successful technique for growing of plants. Yet most of the crops are still grown on land. Why?

Answer:

Hydroponics has been sown to be a successful technique for growing of plants, yet most of the crops are still grown on land because of the limitations that the technique poses:
a) Hydroponics is still used at experimental stages, and more developments are required before it can be used on a greater scale.

b) The initial cost of setting up the technique is extremely high. Therefore, it is not commercially viable.

c) Maintaining a high level of sterilization while growing crops is a very big problem.

d) Plants that grow through this method need nutrients and water in very frequent intervals which is rather time-consuming and problematic.

e) Since plants are grown in a laboratory, they are highly susceptible to environmental conditions.

Also, check NCERT Class 11 Biology Solutions of other chapters.

More About NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Chapter12

Mineral nutrition is essential for all living beings to be it plants or animals. This chapter elaborates on the mineral nutrition required by plants to regulate their functioning. In the absence of these essential minerals, the plant is unable to carry out a normal cycle.

NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology solutions chapter 12 will give students a broader perspective of this NCERT chapter. However, some elements need to be inadequate proportion- neither too less nor too more. Deficiency of sodium, potassium and magnesium can cause disease in the plant, and their excess is toxic for the plant.

Plants also exhibit certain deficiency symptoms like deformation, delay in flowering, necrosis, chlorosis, inhibition of cell division. These are caused due to deficiency of one or more elements.

Nitrogen fixation is responsible for the formation of root nodules. Nitrogen fixation is a process in which nitrogen is converted into ammonia by rhizobium bacteria. Root nodules are visible on the roots of a soya bean plant.

All of which are given in detail in the NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 12. By utilising the NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology chapter 12 solutions PDF Download function, students can make learning even more convenient as they will get access to quality study material.

Main Subtopics of NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 12 Mineral Nutrition:

· Methods to study mineral requirements of plants

· Essential mineral elements

· Criteria for essentiality

· Role of macro and micronutrients

· Deficiency symptoms of essential elements

· Toxicity of micronutrients

· Mechanism of absorption of elements

· Translocation of solutes

· Soil as a reservoir of essential elements

· Metabolism of nitrogen

· Nitrogen cycle

· Biological nitrogen fixation

NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter-Wise:

What will students learn from NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 12 Mineral Nutrition?

NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology chapter 12 solutions covers the concept of mineral nutrients required by the plants. This is beneficial for students who are interested in the study of plants that is botany or is inclined towards agriculture. Not just adequate elements but also techniques of growing plants, deficiency symptoms are explained in NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology solutions chapter 12.

Do you know that there is a hydrogen cycle that takes place in the plants? The term refers to the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds that are absorbed by the plants and then are returned to the atmosphere. Students will learn about these aspects, as well.

Important topics of NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 12

  • Class 11 Biology NCERT Exemplar solutions chapter 12 has explained that Mineral requirements of plants, essential mineral elements, criteria for being essential, the role of nutrients, deficiency symptoms, the mechanism for absorption, soil as a reservoir for nutrients and nitrogen cycle are important topics which students should pay extra attention to.
  • NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology solutions chapter 12 also includes the process of hydroponics that is the technique of growing plants in a nutrient solution in the absolute absence of soil. However, soil acts as a reservoir of essential elements for plants.
  • Once the nutrients are absorbed by the roots and are transported to the leaves, the process of photosynthesis begins.
  • After the food preparation is done by the leaves, the translocation of solutes takes place. Translocation is the movement of solutes from leaves to non-photosynthetic parts of the plant.

NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology solutions chapter 12 is important for anyone who is wishing to pursue biology or any of its branches in further studies.

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Frequently Asked Question (FAQs)

1. How many questions are solved in this chapter?

We have covered all 10 questions given in the main exercise in complete detail in NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology solutions chapter 12. 


2. Are these solutions in simple language?

Yes, we have made sure that all the answers should be in the simplest language for better retention. 

3. Is this chapter crucial for the entrance exam?

Yes, the mineral nutrition chapter is the one from which questions are asked in every medical entrance exam. 

4. Are these solutions in PDF format?

Yes, the NCERT exemplar Class 11 Biology solutions chapter 12 pdf download function can be used to download the NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 12in a PDF format.

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A block of mass 0.50 kg is moving with a speed of 2.00 ms-1 on a smooth surface. It strikes another mass of 1.00 kg and then they move together as a single body. The energy loss during the collision is

Option 1)

0.34\; J

Option 2)

0.16\; J

Option 3)

1.00\; J

Option 4)

0.67\; J

A person trying to lose weight by burning fat lifts a mass of 10 kg upto a height of 1 m 1000 times.  Assume that the potential energy lost each time he lowers the mass is dissipated.  How much fat will he use up considering the work done only when the weight is lifted up ?  Fat supplies 3.8×107 J of energy per kg which is converted to mechanical energy with a 20% efficiency rate.  Take g = 9.8 ms−2 :

Option 1)

2.45×10−3 kg

Option 2)

 6.45×10−3 kg

Option 3)

 9.89×10−3 kg

Option 4)

12.89×10−3 kg

 

An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated to be in the range

Option 1)

2,000 \; J - 5,000\; J

Option 2)

200 \, \, J - 500 \, \, J

Option 3)

2\times 10^{5}J-3\times 10^{5}J

Option 4)

20,000 \, \, J - 50,000 \, \, J

A particle is projected at 600   to the horizontal with a kinetic energy K. The kinetic energy at the highest point

Option 1)

K/2\,

Option 2)

\; K\;

Option 3)

zero\;

Option 4)

K/4

In the reaction,

2Al_{(s)}+6HCL_{(aq)}\rightarrow 2Al^{3+}\, _{(aq)}+6Cl^{-}\, _{(aq)}+3H_{2(g)}

Option 1)

11.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}  at STP  is produced for every mole HCL_{(aq)}  consumed

Option 2)

6L\, HCl_{(aq)}  is consumed for ever 3L\, H_{2(g)}      produced

Option 3)

33.6 L\, H_{2(g)} is produced regardless of temperature and pressure for every mole Al that reacts

Option 4)

67.2\, L\, H_{2(g)} at STP is produced for every mole Al that reacts .

How many moles of magnesium phosphate, Mg_{3}(PO_{4})_{2} will contain 0.25 mole of oxygen atoms?

Option 1)

0.02

Option 2)

3.125 × 10-2

Option 3)

1.25 × 10-2

Option 4)

2.5 × 10-2

If we consider that 1/6, in place of 1/12, mass of carbon atom is taken to be the relative atomic mass unit, the mass of one mole of a substance will

Option 1)

decrease twice

Option 2)

increase two fold

Option 3)

remain unchanged

Option 4)

be a function of the molecular mass of the substance.

With increase of temperature, which of these changes?

Option 1)

Molality

Option 2)

Weight fraction of solute

Option 3)

Fraction of solute present in water

Option 4)

Mole fraction.

Number of atoms in 558.5 gram Fe (at. wt.of Fe = 55.85 g mol-1) is

Option 1)

twice that in 60 g carbon

Option 2)

6.023 × 1022

Option 3)

half that in 8 g He

Option 4)

558.5 × 6.023 × 1023

A pulley of radius 2 m is rotated about its axis by a force F = (20t - 5t2) newton (where t is measured in seconds) applied tangentially. If the moment of inertia of the pulley about its axis of rotation is 10 kg m2 , the number of rotations made by the pulley before its direction of motion if reversed, is

Option 1)

less than 3

Option 2)

more than 3 but less than 6

Option 3)

more than 6 but less than 9

Option 4)

more than 9

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Database Architect

If you are intrigued by the programming world and are interested in developing communications networks then a career as database architect may be a good option for you. Data architect roles and responsibilities include building design models for data communication networks. Wide Area Networks (WANs), local area networks (LANs), and intranets are included in the database networks. It is expected that database architects will have in-depth knowledge of a company's business to develop a network to fulfil the requirements of the organisation. Stay tuned as we look at the larger picture and give you more information on what is db architecture, why you should pursue database architecture, what to expect from such a degree and what your job opportunities will be after graduation. Here, we will be discussing how to become a data architect. Students can visit NIT Trichy, IIT Kharagpur, JMI New Delhi

3 Jobs Available
Remote Sensing Technician

Individuals who opt for a career as a remote sensing technician possess unique personalities. Remote sensing analysts seem to be rational human beings, they are strong, independent, persistent, sincere, realistic and resourceful. Some of them are analytical as well, which means they are intelligent, introspective and inquisitive. 

Remote sensing scientists use remote sensing technology to support scientists in fields such as community planning, flight planning or the management of natural resources. Analysing data collected from aircraft, satellites or ground-based platforms using statistical analysis software, image analysis software or Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a significant part of their work. Do you want to learn how to become remote sensing technician? There's no need to be concerned; we've devised a simple remote sensing technician career path for you. Scroll through the pages and read.

3 Jobs Available
Budget Analyst

Budget analysis, in a nutshell, entails thoroughly analyzing the details of a financial budget. The budget analysis aims to better understand and manage revenue. Budget analysts assist in the achievement of financial targets, the preservation of profitability, and the pursuit of long-term growth for a business. Budget analysts generally have a bachelor's degree in accounting, finance, economics, or a closely related field. Knowledge of Financial Management is of prime importance in this career.

4 Jobs Available
Data Analyst

The invention of the database has given fresh breath to the people involved in the data analytics career path. Analysis refers to splitting up a whole into its individual components for individual analysis. Data analysis is a method through which raw data are processed and transformed into information that would be beneficial for user strategic thinking.

Data are collected and examined to respond to questions, evaluate hypotheses or contradict theories. It is a tool for analyzing, transforming, modeling, and arranging data with useful knowledge, to assist in decision-making and methods, encompassing various strategies, and is used in different fields of business, research, and social science.

3 Jobs Available
Underwriter

An underwriter is a person who assesses and evaluates the risk of insurance in his or her field like mortgage, loan, health policy, investment, and so on and so forth. The underwriter career path does involve risks as analysing the risks means finding out if there is a way for the insurance underwriter jobs to recover the money from its clients. If the risk turns out to be too much for the company then in the future it is an underwriter who will be held accountable for it. Therefore, one must carry out his or her job with a lot of attention and diligence.

3 Jobs Available
Finance Executive
3 Jobs Available
Product Manager

A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

3 Jobs Available
Operations Manager

Individuals in the operations manager jobs are responsible for ensuring the efficiency of each department to acquire its optimal goal. They plan the use of resources and distribution of materials. The operations manager's job description includes managing budgets, negotiating contracts, and performing administrative tasks.

3 Jobs Available
Stock Analyst

Individuals who opt for a career as a stock analyst examine the company's investments makes decisions and keep track of financial securities. The nature of such investments will differ from one business to the next. Individuals in the stock analyst career use data mining to forecast a company's profits and revenues, advise clients on whether to buy or sell, participate in seminars, and discussing financial matters with executives and evaluate annual reports.

2 Jobs Available
Researcher

A Researcher is a professional who is responsible for collecting data and information by reviewing the literature and conducting experiments and surveys. He or she uses various methodological processes to provide accurate data and information that is utilised by academicians and other industry professionals. Here, we will discuss what is a researcher, the researcher's salary, types of researchers.

2 Jobs Available
Welding Engineer

Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues. 

5 Jobs Available
Transportation Planner

A career as Transportation Planner requires technical application of science and technology in engineering, particularly the concepts, equipment and technologies involved in the production of products and services. In fields like land use, infrastructure review, ecological standards and street design, he or she considers issues of health, environment and performance. A Transportation Planner assigns resources for implementing and designing programmes. He or she is responsible for assessing needs, preparing plans and forecasts and compliance with regulations.

3 Jobs Available
Environmental Engineer

Individuals who opt for a career as an environmental engineer are construction professionals who utilise the skills and knowledge of biology, soil science, chemistry and the concept of engineering to design and develop projects that serve as solutions to various environmental problems. 

2 Jobs Available
Safety Manager

A Safety Manager is a professional responsible for employee’s safety at work. He or she plans, implements and oversees the company’s employee safety. A Safety Manager ensures compliance and adherence to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) guidelines.

2 Jobs Available
Conservation Architect

A Conservation Architect is a professional responsible for conserving and restoring buildings or monuments having a historic value. He or she applies techniques to document and stabilise the object’s state without any further damage. A Conservation Architect restores the monuments and heritage buildings to bring them back to their original state.

2 Jobs Available
Structural Engineer

A Structural Engineer designs buildings, bridges, and other related structures. He or she analyzes the structures and makes sure the structures are strong enough to be used by the people. A career as a Structural Engineer requires working in the construction process. It comes under the civil engineering discipline. A Structure Engineer creates structural models with the help of computer-aided design software. 

2 Jobs Available
Highway Engineer

Highway Engineer Job Description: A Highway Engineer is a civil engineer who specialises in planning and building thousands of miles of roads that support connectivity and allow transportation across the country. He or she ensures that traffic management schemes are effectively planned concerning economic sustainability and successful implementation.

2 Jobs Available
Field Surveyor

Are you searching for a Field Surveyor Job Description? A Field Surveyor is a professional responsible for conducting field surveys for various places or geographical conditions. He or she collects the required data and information as per the instructions given by senior officials. 

2 Jobs Available
Orthotist and Prosthetist

Orthotists and Prosthetists are professionals who provide aid to patients with disabilities. They fix them to artificial limbs (prosthetics) and help them to regain stability. There are times when people lose their limbs in an accident. In some other occasions, they are born without a limb or orthopaedic impairment. Orthotists and prosthetists play a crucial role in their lives with fixing them to assistive devices and provide mobility.

6 Jobs Available
Pathologist

A career in pathology in India is filled with several responsibilities as it is a medical branch and affects human lives. The demand for pathologists has been increasing over the past few years as people are getting more aware of different diseases. Not only that, but an increase in population and lifestyle changes have also contributed to the increase in a pathologist’s demand. The pathology careers provide an extremely huge number of opportunities and if you want to be a part of the medical field you can consider being a pathologist. If you want to know more about a career in pathology in India then continue reading this article.

5 Jobs Available
Veterinary Doctor
5 Jobs Available
Speech Therapist
4 Jobs Available
Gynaecologist

Gynaecology can be defined as the study of the female body. The job outlook for gynaecology is excellent since there is evergreen demand for one because of their responsibility of dealing with not only women’s health but also fertility and pregnancy issues. Although most women prefer to have a women obstetrician gynaecologist as their doctor, men also explore a career as a gynaecologist and there are ample amounts of male doctors in the field who are gynaecologists and aid women during delivery and childbirth. 

4 Jobs Available
Audiologist

The audiologist career involves audiology professionals who are responsible to treat hearing loss and proactively preventing the relevant damage. Individuals who opt for a career as an audiologist use various testing strategies with the aim to determine if someone has a normal sensitivity to sounds or not. After the identification of hearing loss, a hearing doctor is required to determine which sections of the hearing are affected, to what extent they are affected, and where the wound causing the hearing loss is found. As soon as the hearing loss is identified, the patients are provided with recommendations for interventions and rehabilitation such as hearing aids, cochlear implants, and appropriate medical referrals. While audiology is a branch of science that studies and researches hearing, balance, and related disorders.

3 Jobs Available
Oncologist

An oncologist is a specialised doctor responsible for providing medical care to patients diagnosed with cancer. He or she uses several therapies to control the cancer and its effect on the human body such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and biopsy. An oncologist designs a treatment plan based on a pathology report after diagnosing the type of cancer and where it is spreading inside the body.

3 Jobs Available
Anatomist

Are you searching for an ‘Anatomist job description’? An Anatomist is a research professional who applies the laws of biological science to determine the ability of bodies of various living organisms including animals and humans to regenerate the damaged or destroyed organs. If you want to know what does an anatomist do, then read the entire article, where we will answer all your questions.

2 Jobs Available
Actor

For an individual who opts for a career as an actor, the primary responsibility is to completely speak to the character he or she is playing and to persuade the crowd that the character is genuine by connecting with them and bringing them into the story. This applies to significant roles and littler parts, as all roles join to make an effective creation. Here in this article, we will discuss how to become an actor in India, actor exams, actor salary in India, and actor jobs. 

4 Jobs Available
Acrobat

Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats create and direct original routines for themselves, in addition to developing interpretations of existing routines. The work of circus acrobats can be seen in a variety of performance settings, including circus, reality shows, sports events like the Olympics, movies and commercials. Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats must be prepared to face rejections and intermittent periods of work. The creativity of acrobats may extend to other aspects of the performance. For example, acrobats in the circus may work with gym trainers, celebrities or collaborate with other professionals to enhance such performance elements as costume and or maybe at the teaching end of the career.

3 Jobs Available
Video Game Designer

Career as a video game designer is filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. A video game designer is someone who is involved in the process of creating a game from day one. He or she is responsible for fulfilling duties like designing the character of the game, the several levels involved, plot, art and similar other elements. Individuals who opt for a career as a video game designer may also write the codes for the game using different programming languages.

Depending on the video game designer job description and experience they may also have to lead a team and do the early testing of the game in order to suggest changes and find loopholes.

3 Jobs Available
Radio Jockey

Radio Jockey is an exciting, promising career and a great challenge for music lovers. If you are really interested in a career as radio jockey, then it is very important for an RJ to have an automatic, fun, and friendly personality. If you want to get a job done in this field, a strong command of the language and a good voice are always good things. Apart from this, in order to be a good radio jockey, you will also listen to good radio jockeys so that you can understand their style and later make your own by practicing.

A career as radio jockey has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. If you want to know more about a career as radio jockey, and how to become a radio jockey then continue reading the article.

3 Jobs Available
Choreographer

The word “choreography" actually comes from Greek words that mean “dance writing." Individuals who opt for a career as a choreographer create and direct original dances, in addition to developing interpretations of existing dances. A Choreographer dances and utilises his or her creativity in other aspects of dance performance. For example, he or she may work with the music director to select music or collaborate with other famous choreographers to enhance such performance elements as lighting, costume and set design.

2 Jobs Available
Social Media Manager

A career as social media manager involves implementing the company’s or brand’s marketing plan across all social media channels. Social media managers help in building or improving a brand’s or a company’s website traffic, build brand awareness, create and implement marketing and brand strategy. Social media managers are key to important social communication as well.

2 Jobs Available
Photographer

Photography is considered both a science and an art, an artistic means of expression in which the camera replaces the pen. In a career as a photographer, an individual is hired to capture the moments of public and private events, such as press conferences or weddings, or may also work inside a studio, where people go to get their picture clicked. Photography is divided into many streams each generating numerous career opportunities in photography. With the boom in advertising, media, and the fashion industry, photography has emerged as a lucrative and thrilling career option for many Indian youths.

2 Jobs Available
Producer

An individual who is pursuing a career as a producer is responsible for managing the business aspects of production. They are involved in each aspect of production from its inception to deception. Famous movie producers review the script, recommend changes and visualise the story. 

They are responsible for overseeing the finance involved in the project and distributing the film for broadcasting on various platforms. A career as a producer is quite fulfilling as well as exhaustive in terms of playing different roles in order for a production to be successful. Famous movie producers are responsible for hiring creative and technical personnel on contract basis.

2 Jobs Available
Copy Writer

In a career as a copywriter, one has to consult with the client and understand the brief well. A career as a copywriter has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. Several new mediums of advertising are opening therefore making it a lucrative career choice. Students can pursue various copywriter courses such as Journalism, Advertising, Marketing Management. Here, we have discussed how to become a freelance copywriter, copywriter career path, how to become a copywriter in India, and copywriting career outlook. 

5 Jobs Available
Vlogger

In a career as a vlogger, one generally works for himself or herself. However, once an individual has gained viewership there are several brands and companies that approach them for paid collaboration. It is one of those fields where an individual can earn well while following his or her passion. 

Ever since internet costs got reduced the viewership for these types of content has increased on a large scale. Therefore, a career as a vlogger has a lot to offer. If you want to know more about the Vlogger eligibility, roles and responsibilities then continue reading the article. 

3 Jobs Available
Publisher

For publishing books, newspapers, magazines and digital material, editorial and commercial strategies are set by publishers. Individuals in publishing career paths make choices about the markets their businesses will reach and the type of content that their audience will be served. Individuals in book publisher careers collaborate with editorial staff, designers, authors, and freelance contributors who develop and manage the creation of content.

3 Jobs Available
Journalist

Careers in journalism are filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. One cannot afford to miss out on the details. As it is the small details that provide insights into a story. Depending on those insights a journalist goes about writing a news article. A journalism career can be stressful at times but if you are someone who is passionate about it then it is the right choice for you. If you want to know more about the media field and journalist career then continue reading this article.

3 Jobs Available
Editor

Individuals in the editor career path is an unsung hero of the news industry who polishes the language of the news stories provided by stringers, reporters, copywriters and content writers and also news agencies. Individuals who opt for a career as an editor make it more persuasive, concise and clear for readers. In this article, we will discuss the details of the editor's career path such as how to become an editor in India, editor salary in India and editor skills and qualities.

3 Jobs Available
Reporter

Individuals who opt for a career as a reporter may often be at work on national holidays and festivities. He or she pitches various story ideas and covers news stories in risky situations. Students can pursue a BMC (Bachelor of Mass Communication), B.M.M. (Bachelor of Mass Media), or MAJMC (MA in Journalism and Mass Communication) to become a reporter. While we sit at home reporters travel to locations to collect information that carries a news value.  

2 Jobs Available
Corporate Executive

Are you searching for a Corporate Executive job description? A Corporate Executive role comes with administrative duties. He or she provides support to the leadership of the organisation. A Corporate Executive fulfils the business purpose and ensures its financial stability. In this article, we are going to discuss how to become corporate executive.

2 Jobs Available
Multimedia Specialist

A multimedia specialist is a media professional who creates, audio, videos, graphic image files, computer animations for multimedia applications. He or she is responsible for planning, producing, and maintaining websites and applications. 

2 Jobs Available
Welding Engineer

Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues. 

5 Jobs Available
QA Manager
4 Jobs Available
Quality Controller

A quality controller plays a crucial role in an organisation. He or she is responsible for performing quality checks on manufactured products. He or she identifies the defects in a product and rejects the product. 

A quality controller records detailed information about products with defects and sends it to the supervisor or plant manager to take necessary actions to improve the production process.

3 Jobs Available
Production Manager
3 Jobs Available
Product Manager

A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

3 Jobs Available
QA Lead

A QA Lead is in charge of the QA Team. The role of QA Lead comes with the responsibility of assessing services and products in order to determine that he or she meets the quality standards. He or she develops, implements and manages test plans. 

2 Jobs Available
Structural Engineer

A Structural Engineer designs buildings, bridges, and other related structures. He or she analyzes the structures and makes sure the structures are strong enough to be used by the people. A career as a Structural Engineer requires working in the construction process. It comes under the civil engineering discipline. A Structure Engineer creates structural models with the help of computer-aided design software. 

2 Jobs Available
Process Development Engineer

The Process Development Engineers design, implement, manufacture, mine, and other production systems using technical knowledge and expertise in the industry. They use computer modeling software to test technologies and machinery. An individual who is opting career as Process Development Engineer is responsible for developing cost-effective and efficient processes. They also monitor the production process and ensure it functions smoothly and efficiently.

2 Jobs Available
QA Manager
4 Jobs Available
AWS Solution Architect

An AWS Solution Architect is someone who specializes in developing and implementing cloud computing systems. He or she has a good understanding of the various aspects of cloud computing and can confidently deploy and manage their systems. He or she troubleshoots the issues and evaluates the risk from the third party. 

4 Jobs Available
Azure Administrator

An Azure Administrator is a professional responsible for implementing, monitoring, and maintaining Azure Solutions. He or she manages cloud infrastructure service instances and various cloud servers as well as sets up public and private cloud systems. 

4 Jobs Available
Computer Programmer

Careers in computer programming primarily refer to the systematic act of writing code and moreover include wider computer science areas. The word 'programmer' or 'coder' has entered into practice with the growing number of newly self-taught tech enthusiasts. Computer programming careers involve the use of designs created by software developers and engineers and transforming them into commands that can be implemented by computers. These commands result in regular usage of social media sites, word-processing applications and browsers.

3 Jobs Available
Product Manager

A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

3 Jobs Available
Information Security Manager

Individuals in the information security manager career path involves in overseeing and controlling all aspects of computer security. The IT security manager job description includes planning and carrying out security measures to protect the business data and information from corruption, theft, unauthorised access, and deliberate attack 

3 Jobs Available
ITSM Manager
3 Jobs Available
Automation Test Engineer

An Automation Test Engineer job involves executing automated test scripts. He or she identifies the project’s problems and troubleshoots them. The role involves documenting the defect using management tools. He or she works with the application team in order to resolve any issues arising during the testing process. 

2 Jobs Available
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