Careers360 Logo

Popular Searches

    NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 13 Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

    Access premium articles, webinars, resources to make the best decisions for career, course, exams, scholarships, study abroad and much more with

    Plan, Prepare & Make the Best Career Choices

    NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 13 Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

    Edited By Priyanka kumari | Updated on Aug 19, 2022 03:40 PM IST

    NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology solutions chapter 13 - As we already know that plants make their own food using a process called photosynthesis which is a chemical process. In this process, plants use sunlight to convert the glucose from carbon dioxide and water. NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology chapter 13 solutions explains this process of photosynthesis in detail along with its different phases. NCERT exemplar Class 11 Biology solutions chapter 13 is a quality study material prepared by experts for the best learning experience. NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology chapter 13 solutions PDF Download function to be available. But till then, students can use webpage to PDF tools available online.

    NCERT Solution for Class 11 Biology 13 Photosynthesis in Higher Plants:

    Multiple Choice Questions:

    Question:1

    Which metal ion is a constituent of chlorophyll?
    a. Copper
    b. Magnesium
    c. Iron
    d. Zinc

    Answer:

    The answer is the option b. Magnesium
    Explanation - The structure of chlorophyll pigment has a chlorine ring at the centre of which a magnesium ion is placed.

    Question:2

    Which pigment acts directly to convert light energy to chemical energy?
    a. Carotenoid
    b. Chlorophyll B
    c. Chlorophyll A
    d. Xanthophyll

    Answer:

    The answer is the option c. Chlorophyll A
    Explanation – The maximum absorption of light is carried out chlorophyll-a pigment. Therefore, it directly converts light energy into chemical energy at a fast rate.

    Question:3

    Which range of wavelength (in nm) is called photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)?
    a. 760 -10,000
    b. 400 -700
    c. 390 -430
    d. 100 -390

    Answer:

    The answer is the option b. 400 -700

    Question:4

    Which light range is least effective in photosynthesis?
    a. Red
    b. Blue
    c. Green
    d. Violet

    Answer:

    The answer is the option c. Green
    Explanation - The green light range of the spectrum is least effective in photosynthesis. This is because chlorophyll of leaves is green in colour. Due to the green colour, the green wavelength of light is reflected back and does not get absorbed.

    Question:5

    Chemosynthetic bacteria obtain energy from
    a. Organic substances
    b. Inorganic chemical
    c. Sun
    d. Infrared rays

    Answer:

    The answer is option b. Inorganic chemical
    Explanation - For making organic chemicals, chemosynthetic bacteria utilise inorganic chemicals.

    Question:6

    Energy required for ATP synthesis in PS II comes from
    a. Electron gradient
    b. Reduction of glucose
    c. Oxidation of glucose
    d. Proton gradient

    Answer:

    The answer is the option d.
    Proton Gradient

    Question:7

    During light reaction in photosynthesis the following are formed
    a. ATP, hydrogen donor and O 2
    b. ATP and sugar
    c. ATP, hydrogen and O 2 donor
    d. Hydrogen, O 2 and sugar

    Answer:

    The answer is the option c. ATP, Hydrogen and O 2 donor Explanation - During light reaction, water molecules split and release hydrogen and oxygen donor.

    Question:8

    Dark reaction in photosynthesis is called so because
    a. It does not depend on light energy
    b. It cannot occur during day light
    c. It occurs during day light
    d. It can occur in dark also

    Answer:

    The answer is option a. It does not depend on light energy
    Explanation - Light reaction occurs due to the presence of light when the splitting of water molecules can take place. This results in the formation of ATP. The entire reaction is termed as a light reaction. However, further steps do not depend on the presence of light, and hence the process is termed as a dark reaction. This does not indicate that the process occurs in the dark and not during daytime.

    Question:9

    PEP is primary CO2 acceptor in
    a. C3 plants
    b. C4 plants
    c. C2 plants
    d. Both C3 and C4 plants

    Answer:

    The answer is the option b. C4 plants
    Explanation - PEP is found in mesophyll cells. It is the primary carbon dioxide acceptor in C4 plants

    Question:10

    Splitting of water is associated with
    a. Lumen of thylakoid
    b. Photosystem I
    c. Both photosystem I and II
    d. Inner surface of thylakoid membrane

    Answer:

    The answer is the option d. Inner surface of thylakoid membrane

    Question:11

    The correct sequence of flow of electron in the light reaction is
    a. PSI, ferredoxin, PSII
    b. PSI, plastoquinone, cytochromes, PS II, ferredoxin
    c. PS II, plastoquinone, cytochromes, PS I, ferredoxin
    d. PS I, plastoquinone, cytochromes, PS I, ferredoxin

    Answer:

    The answer is the option c. PS II, plastoquinone, cytochromes, PS I, ferredoxin

    Question:12

    The enzyme that is found in a C3 plant is
    a. ATP synthase
    b. NADP reductase
    c. PEP carboxylase
    d. RuBP carboxylase

    Answer:

    c. PEP carboxylase
    Explanation - PEP carboxylase and PEP are not found in C 3 plants.

    Question:13

    The reaction that is responsible for the primary fixation of CO2 is catalysed by
    a. PGA synthase
    b. RuBP carboxylase and PEP carboxylase
    c. RuBP carboxylase
    d. PEP carboxylase

    Answer:

    b. RuBP carboxylase and PEP carboxylase
    Explanation - PEP carboxylase in C4 plants and RuBP carboxylase in C3 plants

    Question:14

    When CO2 is added to PEP, the first stable product synthesised is
    a. Oxaloacetate
    b. Pyruvate
    c. Glyceraldehyde -3 -phosphate
    d. Phosphoglycerate

    Answer:

    The answer is the option a. Oxaloacetate

    Very Short Answer Type Questions:

    Question:1

    Examine the figure



    a. Is this structure present in animal cells or plant cells?
    b. Can these be passed on to the progeny? How?
    c. Name the metabolic processes taking place I the places marked (1) and (2).

    Answer:

    a. The structure is only found in plant cells
    b. Yes, these can be passed on to the progeny because chloroplast possesses an ability to self -replicate.
    c. i) dark reaction occurs
    ii) it is the site for chloroplast replication

    Question:2

    2H _2 O \rightarrow 2H ^{+} + O _2 + 4e^ -
    Based on the above equation, answer the following question:
    a. Where does this reaction take place in plants?
    b. What is the significance of this reaction?

    Answer:

    a. The above reaction indicates the decomposition of water molecules. This process occurs in PS II. PS II is located at the inner surface of the thylakoid membrane.

    b. The reaction signifies that water molecules release electrons for maintaining the electron transport chain. This chain is essential for carrying out the further steps in the photosynthesis process.

    Question:3

    Cyanobacteria and some other photosynthesis bacteria don’t have chloroplasts. How do they conduct photosynthesis?

    Answer:

    Chloroplasts are absent in cyanobacteria and similar organism. In these organisms, photosynthesis occurs at the folds of their inner membrane. The presence of bluish pigment phycocyanin captures solar energy for carrying out the process of photosynthesis.

    Question:4

    A. Breakdown of proton gradient leads to release of ___________

    B. NADP reductase enzyme is located on _______

    Answer:

    A. ATP molecules
    B. The outer side of the thylakoid membrane

    Question:5

    Can girdling experiments be done in monocots? If yes, How? If no, why not?

    Answer:

    it is not possible to do the girdling experiment in monocots. This is mainly because vascular bundles are scattered all over the stem width of the monocots. Hence, a specific band of phloem can be reached for carrying out the experiment effectively.

    Question:6

    3CO _2 +9ATP +6NADPH + Water\rightarrow glyceraldehyde 3 -phosphate + 9 ADP + 6 NADP ^+ + 8 Pi
    Analyse the above reaction and answer the following question
    a. How many molecules of ATP & NADPH are required to fix one molecule of CO2 ?
    b. Where in the chloroplast does this process occur?

    Answer:

    a. 2 molecules of NADPH are required for the reduction process of carbon dioxide, whereas and 3 molecules of ATP are required to carry out the process of phosphorylation. These, in turn, will fix one molecule of carbon dioxide.

    b. The process occurs in the stroma.

    Question:7

    Does moonlight support photosynthesis? Find out.

    Answer:

    The light energy from the moonlight is not enough to excite the molecules of chlorophyll. Therefore, it is not possible to carry out the process of photosynthesis in the presence of moonlight.

    Question:8

    Some of these terms/ chemicals are associated with the C4 cycle Explain
    a. Hatch slack pathway
    b. Calvin cycle
    c. PEP carboxylase
    d. Bundle sheath cells

    Answer:

    a. The hatch and slack pathway indicate the process of synthesis of glucose in the C4 plants. It was first discovered in the year 1977 by two scientists named M D Hatch and C R Slack.

    b. During photosynthesis, the splitting of water molecules results in the formation of carbohydrates. This cycle of carbohydrate formation is termed as Calvin cycle. It was discovered by Melvin Calvin.

    c. PEP carboxylase is an enzyme responsible for fixing carbon and forming oxaloacetate. It is mainly present in C4 plants.

    d. Bundle sheath cells are special sclerenchyma cells located around the vascular bundles in the veins of C 4 plants.

    Question:9

    Where is NADP reductase enzyme located in the chloroplast? What is the role of this enzyme in proton gradient development?

    Answer:

    The NADP reductase enzyme is found in the outer region of the thylakoid membrane. It helps in the breakdown of the proton gradient and results in the release of energy in the form of NADPH.

    Question:10

    ATPase enzyme consists of two parts. What are those parts? What are those parts? How are they arranged in the thylakoid membrane? Conformational change occurs in which part of the enzyme?

    Answer:

    The two parts of the ATPase enzyme are called the F0 head and F1 head. The F0 head is located towards the inner region of the thylakoid whereas the F1 head is located towards the outer region of the thylakoid. The conformational changes take place in the F1 segment of the ATPase enzyme.

    Question:11

    Which products formed during the light reaction of photosynthesis are used to drive the dark reaction?

    Answer:

    The products formed during the light reaction of photosynthesis used for driving the dark reaction further are NADPH and ATP.

    Question:12

    What is the basis for designating C3 and C4 pathways of photosynthesis?

    Answer:

    In the C3 pathway, carbon is fixed into 3-PGA, which is a 3- carbon compound. However, in the C4 pathway, carbon is fixed into oxaloacetic acid, which is a 4-carbon compound. Hence, the C3 and C4 pathways are designated on the basis of the carbon compound number in the end product.

    Short Answer Type Questions:

    Question:1

    Succulents are known to keep their stomata closed during the day to check transpiration. How do they meet their photosynthetic CO2 requirements?

    Answer:

    Succulents plants keep their stomata closed during the daytime. However, this also restricts the entry of carbon dioxide. In order to ensure the presence of carbon dioxide within the plant body, the succulent plants have adopted a special method for carbon dioxide supply during the daytime.

    The method allows the plants to fix carbon dioxide in the form of malic acid during the night times.

    Question:2

    Chlorophyll ‘a’ is the primary pigment for light reaction. What are the accessory pigments? What is their role in photosynthesis?

    Answer:

    Accessory pigments help chlorophyll in trapping the light energy. Accessory pigments present in plants are chlorophyll b- xanthophylls and carotenoids. The accessory pigments help in harvesting the trapped solar energy and pass it further to chlorophyll-a, therefore, can carry out the supporting process during light harvesting.

    Question:3

    Does reaction of photosynthesis call, as ‘dark reaction’ need light? Explain.

    Answer:

    During the dark reaction, synthesis of carbohydrate occurs.The dark reaction does not directly depend on the presence of light, and therefore, the process is known as the dark reaction. The dark reaction occurs during daytime as well and does not require complete darkness. So, dark reaction indirectly requires solar energy but can continue without it as well.

    Question:4

    How are photosynthesis and respiration related to each other?

    Answer:

    During respiration, oxidation of carbohydrate occurs to release energy. These carbohydrates are prepared by the process of photosynthesis. Therefore, it is evident that both processes are interlinked. Moreover, respiration requires oxygen which is released as a by-product of photosynthesis. Similarly, the carbon dioxide absorbed during respiration is essentially required for the process of
    photosynthesis.

    Question:5

    If a green plant is kept in dark with proper ventilation, can this plant carry out photosynthesis? Can anything be given as supplement to maintain its growth or survival?

    Answer:

    If a plant is kept under dark light with proper ventilation requirement, it will continuously get carbon dioxide. However, due to the absence of sunlight, photosynthesis will not be able to occur. Water and nutrients must be supplied properly to the plant; otherwise, it will die out.

    Question:6

    Photosynthesis organisms occur at different depths in the ocean. Do they receive qualitatively and quantitatively the same light? How do they adapt to carry out photosynthesis under these conditions?

    Answer:

    Light saturation takes place at 10 per cent level of complete sunlight. Therefore, light energy is rarely considered to be a limiting factor during the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthetic plants in the deep ocean are supplied with enough light energy to carry the process of photosynthesis effectively. Furthermore, the plants showcase a variation of the constituent pigments. These pigments ensure that photosynthesis occurs at different light presence.

    Question:7

    In tropical rain forests, the canopy is thick and shorter plants growing below it, receive filtered light. How are they able to carry out photosynthesis?

    Answer:

    The photosynthesis process occurring in the thick canopy in the forest can be slowed down due to the presence of less amount of light. However, the process of photosynthesis will be entirely shut down but will occur effectively during the daytime.

    Question:8

    What conditions enable RuBisCO to function as on oxygenase? Explain the ensuing process.

    Answer:

    RuBisCO possesses an affinity for carbon dioxide and oxygen. In the presence of high carbon dioxide concentration, the enzyme would effectively result in the formation of carboxylase. But in the presence of a high concentration of oxygen, the enzyme would react and form oxygenase.

    Question:9

    Why does the rate of photosynthesis decrease at higher temperature?

    Answer:

    Under high-temperature conditions, the rate of photosynthesis decreases. This is because photosynthesis is an enzyme-mediated reaction. These enzymes work effectively under optimum temperature conditions. When the temperature range increases the optimum value, the process gets affected.

    Question:10

    Explain how the light reaction of photosynthesis, ATP synthesis is a chemiosmotic phenomenon.

    Answer:

    ATP is a chemiosmotic process. This indicates that the movement of ions occurs across a semi-permeable membrane and down an electronic gradient. During the light reaction of photosynthesis, ATP is synthesised. During ATP synthesis, the movement of ions occurs across the semi-permeable membrane of the thylakoid. The proton pump pushes the ions with the help of a proton gradient. This further synthesis the ATP molecules. Since this process is a chemical mediated phenomenon, the ATP synthesis is often termed as a chemiosmotic phenomenon.



    Question:11

    Find out how Melvin Calvin worked out the complete biosynthetic pathway for synthesis of sugar.

    Answer:

    Melvin Calvin discovered the Calvin cycle and claimed the processes occur in a cyclic manner. The following steps were used for the experiment.
    - For the experiment, carbon dioxide atoms were indicated by the symbol of C14 and were effectively supplied to the plant.
    - The pathway of C14 was observed wisely and different conditions were analysed.
    - After the completion of the experiment, the plant taken was killed,and the compound manufactured inside was taken for further analysis.
    - Based on the data extracted from the analysis of the living and dead plants, the Calvin pathway was discovered.

    Question:12

    Six turns of Calvin cycle are required to generate one mole of glucose. Explain.

    Answer:

    For the reduction of one carbon dioxide molecule, two molecules of NADPH and 2 molecules of ATP are required. Moreover, 6 molecules of carbon dioxide are required to make one molecule of glucose. Therefore, 6 turns of the Calvin cycle are necessary for making one mole of glucose.

    Question:14

    In what kind of plants do you come across ‘Kranz’ anatomy? To which conditions are those plants better adapted? How are these plants better adapted than the plants, which lack this anatomy?

    Answer:

    Kranz anatomy is usually present in C 4 plants like maise, sugarcane, etc. C 4 plants possess the power to tolerate high- temperature ranges and high light intensities. C 4 plants are designed to effectively live in the presence of limited nitrogen and carbon dioxide sources. These factors help in the manufacturing of glucose easily. Therefore, C 3 plants produce less biomass as compared to C 4 plants.

    Question:15

    A process is occurring throughout the day, in ’X’ organism. Cells are participating in this process. During this process ATP, CO2 and water are evolved. It is not a light dependent process.
    a. Name the process
    b. Is it a catabolic or an anabolic process?
    c. What could be the raw material of this process?

    Answer:

    a. The name of the process is respiration
    b. It is a catabolic process
    c. The raw material of the process is a carbohydrate

    Question:16

    Tomatoes, carrots and chillies are red in colour due to the presence of one pigment. Name the pigment. Is it a photosynthetic pigment?

    Answer:

    Tomatoes, Chillies and Carrots are red in colour due to the presence of a pigment called Lycopene. Lycopene is not a photosynthetic pigment and is found in the chromoplast plastid.

    Question:17

    Why do we believe chloroplast and mitochondria to be semi- autonomous organelle?

    Answer:

    chloroplast and mitochondria are semi-autonomous organelles because they possess an extra genomic DNA which helps them in the replication process. Therefore, they are termed as semi- autonomous organelles.

    Question:18

    Observe the diagram and answer the following.



    a. Which group of plants exhibit these two types of cells?
    b. What is the first product of the C 4 cycle?
    c. Which enzyme is there in bundle sheath cells and mesophyll cells?

    Answer:

    a. Bundle sheath cells and mesophyll cells are found in monocot plants
    b. Oxaloacetic acid
    c. PEP carboxylase or PEPcase.

    Question:19

    A cyclic process is occurring in a C 3 plant, which is light-dependent and needs O2. This process does not produce energy; rather, it consumes energy.
    a. Can you name the given process?
    b. Is it essential for survival?
    c. What are the end products of this process?
    d. Where does it occur?

    Answer:

    a. The name of the process is called photorespiration
    b. No, it is not vital for survival
    c. The end product of the process is hydrogen peroxide
    d. It occurs in chloroplast, mitochondria, and peroxisomes.

    Question:20

    Suppose euphorbia and maise are grown in the tropical areas.

    a. Which one of them do you think will be able to survive under such conditions?
    b. Which one of them is more efficient in terms of photosynthetic activity?
    c. What difference do you think are there in their leaf anatomy?

    Answer:

    a. Euphorbia is a CAM plant. Therefore, it will be able to survive under such conditions.
    b. Maise will be more efficient in the photosynthesis activity since it is a C4 plant.
    c. Kranz leaf anatomy is found in maise plants. In contrast, it is absent in euphorbia.

    NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 13 Photosynthesis in Higher Plants - Main Subtopics:

    Question:1

    Is it correct to say that photosynthesis occurs only in leaves of a plant? Besides leaves, what are the other parts that may be capable of carrying out photosynthesis? Justify.

    Answer:

    Photosynthesis occurs in green parts of the plants which include parts other than the leaves as well. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that photosynthesis occurs in the leaves only. Most of the other parts of the plants are effective enough to carry out the process of photosynthesis. Some of the examples are listed below.
    i) In plants, sepals are green in colour. Therefore, they also carry out photosynthesis.
    ii) The roots of Tinospora and Trapa possess chlorophyll and can carry out the process of photosynthesis.
    iii) In the case of opuntia, the leaves are modified into thorns resulting in low transpiration rate. Moreover, the stems are also modified into green structures. Therefore, photosynthesis can occur in these stems.

    Question:2

    The entire process of photosynthesis consists of a number of reactions.Where in the cell does each of these take place?
    a. Synthesis of ATP and NADPH_____
    b. Photolysis of water_______
    c. Fixation of CO2 _______
    d. Synthesis of sugar molecule________
    e. Synthesis of starch________

    Answer:

    a. Outer region of the thylakoid membrane
    b. Inner region of the thylakoid membrane
    c. Stroma region of chloroplast
    d. Chloroplast of plants
    e. Cytoplasm of plant cells

    Question:3

    What property of the pigment is responsible for its ability to initiate the process of photosynthesis? Why is the rate of photosynthesis higher in the red and blue regions of the spectrum of light?

    Answer:

    pigments present in plants help in absorbing light at a specific wavelength. This indicates that different plant pigments can be absorbed by different lights of the spectrum. After getting excited, a pigment provides light energy which can be utilised to initiate the process of photosynthesis.


    The plants' cells are enriched in a green coloured pigment called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll indicates an optimum efficiency range between the red and blue wavelength ranges.
    Chlorophyll-a is mainly responsible for keeping the photosynthesis at an optimum level of blue and red -light wavelengths.

    Question:4

    What can we conclude from the statement that the action and absorption spectrum of photosynthesis overlap? At which wavelength do they show peaks?

    Answer:

    In order to justify the above statement, it is vital to analyse the below graphs.

    The first graph indicates the rate of photosynthesis measured with the help ofoxygen released in the process. The second graph indicates the absorption values of various wavelengths of light by the chlorophyll pigment a. Both the graphs have a peaking value at more than 400 nm of a wavelength which becomes equivalent to the wavelength of blue colour. Post that range; the graphs indicate a trough. Later, the values increase again and lie between the range of 600 and 700 nm of wavelength. This value is equivalent to the wavelength of red colour. This indicates the action and absorption spectrums overlap with each other. The black line indicates the action process of photosynthesis. The blue line indicates the absorption process with 430 -470 nm and 660 -670 nm wavelength values.

    Question:5

    Under what conditions are C4 plants superior to C3 ?

    Answer:

    C4 plants are considered to be superior to C3 plants. This is because of the following reasons.

    - C4 plats indicate a high optimum temperature value, whereas C3 plants indicate the lesser value of optimum temperature ranges. As a result, photosynthesis in C4 plants can take place in the presence of high-temperature ranges, whereas C3 plants cannot initiate photosynthesis under such conditions.

    - At low carbon dioxide ranges, C4 plants can carry out the process of photosynthesis effectively. At the same time, C3 plants fail to do so. This is because the presence of carbon dioxide is a limiting factor in the case of C3 plants.

    - High oxygen levels in the environment affect C3 plants because Kranz anatomy is absent. This is not in case of C4 plants. Kranz
    anatomy in C4 plants ensures that photorespiration do not occur.

    Question:6

    In the figure given below, the black line(upper) indicates action spectrum for photosynthesis and the lighter line(below) indicates the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a, answer the followings:



    a. What does the action spectrum indicate? How can we plat an action spectrum? Explain with an example.
    b. How can we derive an absorption spectrum for any substance?
    c. If chlorophyll-a is responsible for the light reaction of photosynthesis, why do the action spectrum and absorption spectrum not overlap?

    Answer:

    a. The action spectrum indicates the process and rate of photosynthesis.This rate is calculated by the amount of oxygen released. An actionspectrum can be drawn by keeping the amount of released oxygen on the y-axis and the wavelength of light on the x-axis. The pigments which absorb the different wavelength of light will be indicated the graph. The above graph, however, shows hlorophyll.

    b. An absorption spectrum for any substance can be drawn by plotting the absorption of various light wavelength by different pigments like chlorophyll a or chlorophyll b.

    c. The action spectrum does not overlap because of the presence of other pigments. These other pigments are called the accessory pigments and help in harvesting solar energy. As a result, the spectrum is always at a high level as compared to the absorption spectrum.

    Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Excercise: 1.4

    Question:7

    What are the important events and end products of the light reaction?

    Answer:

    The important events and end products of the light reaction are listed below.

    • Light absorption - it is carried out with the help of light-harvesting complex or the LHC. The photosystem is composed of everal pigments which form the antennae. The pigments help in absorbing light of various wavelengths. The chlorophyll a molecule works as the centre at which the reaction occurs.
    • Water splitting - the solar energy absorbed by the plant helps in splitting the water molecules to release oxygen and hydrogen ion. The electrons released during this step is used by the NADP ion to form NADPH.
    • Oxygen release - the oxygen which is results from the water-splitting process moves out through the stomatal opening.
    • Formation of ATP and NADPH - the light reaction results in the formation of two high energy intermediate compounds, ATP and NADPH.

    Question:8

    In the diagram shown below label A, B, C. What type of phosphorylation is possible in this?

    Answer:

    The process of cyclic phosphorylation is being depicted in this diagram.


    Question:9

    Why is the RuBisCo enzyme more appropriately called RUBP Carboxylase -Oxygenase, and what important role does it play in photosynthesis?

    Answer:

    The RuBisCo enzyme possesses an affinity for oxygen as well as carbon dioxide. However, the binding reaction depends on the level of concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Due to this fact, it can act like a carboxylase as well as an oxygenase. Therefore, it is often called RUBP Carboxylase-Oxygenase compound.

    In C3 plants, RuBisCo enzyme helps in binding with the carbon dioxide molecule and results in the production of 3PGA. Some of the enzyme molecules also bind with oxygen and results in the production of phosphoglycerate and phosphoglycerate. These are formed during the process of photorespiration. This process, in turn, decreases the carbon fixation in C3 plants.

    RuBisCo enzyme plays an essential role in C4 plants as well. Due to the increased concentration of carbon dioxide, the production of oxaloacetic acid is catalysed with the help of this enzyme. Carbon fixation becomes more efficient since the process of photorespiration is prevented.

    Question:10

    What special autonomous features are displayed by leaves of C4 plants? How do they provide an advantage over the structure of C3 plants?

    Answer:

    The C4 plants showcase special anatomy commonly known as the Kranz anatomy. The vascular bundles in the leaves are surrounded by a large sheath of cells. Several layers of these cells get multiplied with the help of chloroplast. The thick walls of the bundle sheath cell do not have intercellular spaces. These cell layers provide a greater advantage to the C4 plants and therefore helps in accelerating the concentration of carbon dioxide. The binding of enzyme RuBisCo depends on the competitive concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Therefore, high levels of CO2 help in resulting in the formation of carboxylase. This also results in carbon fixation. The entire scenario results in high levels of biomass as compared to the C3 plants.

    Question:11

    Name the two important enzymes of C3 and C4 pathway, respectively? What important role do they play in fixing CO2 ?

    Answer:

    The two vital enzymes of C3 and C4 pathway are RuBisCo and PEPcase, respectively. RuBisCo acts as a carbon dioxide acceptor in C3 plants, whereas PEPcase performs the same function in C4 plants. RuBisCo is known as RUBP Carboxylase Oxygenase. The enzyme possesses a better affinity towards CO2 than O2 .
    Although, during the process of photorespiration, the enzyme binds with oxygen. The resultant products are of no value to the plat and result in low carbon fixation in C 3 plants.
    PEPcase helps in accepting CO 2 molecules in the C 4 plants. It combines with carbon dioxide to result in the formation of a 4-carbon compound called OAA or oxaloacetic acid. This is further converted into carbon dioxide. The CO2 formed produced carbohydrate in the Calvin cycle.

    Question:12

    Why is RuBisCo enzyme the most abundant enzyme in the world?

    Answer:

    The RuBisCo enzyme is found in abundance in nature. It acts as a catalyst in the process of producing sugar from carbon dioxide. The enzyme is present in all the plants performing photosynthesis. The enzyme is responsible for deriving the carbon dioxide of the biosphere from the carbon fixation activities. Therefore, it found everywhere around us.

    Question:13

    Why does not photorespiration take place in C4 plants?

    Answer:

    The bundle sheath present in the C4 plants help in accelerating the carbon dioxide concentration in the plant body. The RuBisCo binding is a competitive process which depends on the concentration of oxygen or carbon dioxide. If the concentration of carbon dioxide is more, the enzyme would actively bind it and result in the respective compounds, leaving the oxygen molecules. Thus, the process of photorespiration does not occur in C4 plants.

    Also, check NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Other Subjects

    NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 13 Photosynthesis in Higher Plants - Main Subtopics:

    · Photosynthesis

    · Early experiments

    · Where does photosynthesis take place?

    · Pigments involved in photosynthesis

    · Light reaction

    · The electron transports

    · ATP and NADPH usage

    · The C4 pathway

    · Photorespiration

    · Factors affecting photosynthesis

    What will students learn in NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 13?

    NCERT Exemplar solutions for Class 11 Biology chapter 13 plays an important role for students who wish to take up botany as a part of their further studies. It deals with the process of how plants make their own food and all of the necessary ingredients, types and reactions which contribute to it.

    You must have noticed different shades of green in leaves. Ever thought why does this colour variation take place? It is due to four types of pigments, namely chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, xanthophylls and carotenoids. At specific wavelengths light is absorbed by pigments and as a result, colour variation takes place.

    NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter Wise:

    Important Topics of NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 13 Photosynthesis in Higher Plants:

    Class 11 Biology NCERT Exemplar solutions chapter 13 has explained that Photosynthesis, Early experiments which tested photosynthesis, where photosynthesis takes place, Pigments involved in photosynthesis, Light reaction, ATP and NADPH usage, The C4 pathway, Photorespiration, Factors affecting photosynthesis are important topics which students should pay extra attention to.

    NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 13 also covers light reaction. All of these topics are important in this chapter.

    NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Solutions:

    Check Chapter-Wise Solutions of Questions Given in Book:

    Also, Read NCERT Solution subject wise

    Must Read NCERT Notes subject wise

    Also Check NCERT Books and NCERT Syllabus here

    Frequently Asked Question (FAQs)

    1. Is this chapter important for higher studies?

    Yes, those who want to pursue higher education in botany and other related fields should focus on this chapter.

    2. How are these solutions helpful?

    Learners can understand the accepted answering pattern and can also revise the entire chapter from the NCERT exemplar Class 11 Biology solutions chapter 13. 

    3. How many questions are solved in this chapter?

    A total of 9 questions are solved from this chapter are given in the main exercise after the chapter and theory are complete in Class 11 Biology NCERT exemplar solutions chapter 13. 

    4. What types of questions are asked from this chapter?

    From this chapter, students are asked application-based, comprehension based, and evaluation type questions.

    Articles

    Get answers from students and experts

    A block of mass 0.50 kg is moving with a speed of 2.00 ms-1 on a smooth surface. It strikes another mass of 1.00 kg and then they move together as a single body. The energy loss during the collision is

    Option 1)

    0.34\; J

    Option 2)

    0.16\; J

    Option 3)

    1.00\; J

    Option 4)

    0.67\; J

    A person trying to lose weight by burning fat lifts a mass of 10 kg upto a height of 1 m 1000 times.  Assume that the potential energy lost each time he lowers the mass is dissipated.  How much fat will he use up considering the work done only when the weight is lifted up ?  Fat supplies 3.8×107 J of energy per kg which is converted to mechanical energy with a 20% efficiency rate.  Take g = 9.8 ms−2 :

    Option 1)

    2.45×10−3 kg

    Option 2)

     6.45×10−3 kg

    Option 3)

     9.89×10−3 kg

    Option 4)

    12.89×10−3 kg

     

    An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated to be in the range

    Option 1)

    2,000 \; J - 5,000\; J

    Option 2)

    200 \, \, J - 500 \, \, J

    Option 3)

    2\times 10^{5}J-3\times 10^{5}J

    Option 4)

    20,000 \, \, J - 50,000 \, \, J

    A particle is projected at 600   to the horizontal with a kinetic energy K. The kinetic energy at the highest point

    Option 1)

    K/2\,

    Option 2)

    \; K\;

    Option 3)

    zero\;

    Option 4)

    K/4

    In the reaction,

    2Al_{(s)}+6HCL_{(aq)}\rightarrow 2Al^{3+}\, _{(aq)}+6Cl^{-}\, _{(aq)}+3H_{2(g)}

    Option 1)

    11.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}  at STP  is produced for every mole HCL_{(aq)}  consumed

    Option 2)

    6L\, HCl_{(aq)}  is consumed for ever 3L\, H_{2(g)}      produced

    Option 3)

    33.6 L\, H_{2(g)} is produced regardless of temperature and pressure for every mole Al that reacts

    Option 4)

    67.2\, L\, H_{2(g)} at STP is produced for every mole Al that reacts .

    How many moles of magnesium phosphate, Mg_{3}(PO_{4})_{2} will contain 0.25 mole of oxygen atoms?

    Option 1)

    0.02

    Option 2)

    3.125 × 10-2

    Option 3)

    1.25 × 10-2

    Option 4)

    2.5 × 10-2

    If we consider that 1/6, in place of 1/12, mass of carbon atom is taken to be the relative atomic mass unit, the mass of one mole of a substance will

    Option 1)

    decrease twice

    Option 2)

    increase two fold

    Option 3)

    remain unchanged

    Option 4)

    be a function of the molecular mass of the substance.

    With increase of temperature, which of these changes?

    Option 1)

    Molality

    Option 2)

    Weight fraction of solute

    Option 3)

    Fraction of solute present in water

    Option 4)

    Mole fraction.

    Number of atoms in 558.5 gram Fe (at. wt.of Fe = 55.85 g mol-1) is

    Option 1)

    twice that in 60 g carbon

    Option 2)

    6.023 × 1022

    Option 3)

    half that in 8 g He

    Option 4)

    558.5 × 6.023 × 1023

    A pulley of radius 2 m is rotated about its axis by a force F = (20t - 5t2) newton (where t is measured in seconds) applied tangentially. If the moment of inertia of the pulley about its axis of rotation is 10 kg m2 , the number of rotations made by the pulley before its direction of motion if reversed, is

    Option 1)

    less than 3

    Option 2)

    more than 3 but less than 6

    Option 3)

    more than 6 but less than 9

    Option 4)

    more than 9

    Bio Medical Engineer

    The field of biomedical engineering opens up a universe of expert chances. An Individual in the biomedical engineering career path work in the field of engineering as well as medicine, in order to find out solutions to common problems of the two fields. The biomedical engineering job opportunities are to collaborate with doctors and researchers to develop medical systems, equipment, or devices that can solve clinical problems. Here we will be discussing jobs after biomedical engineering, how to get a job in biomedical engineering, biomedical engineering scope, and salary. 

    4 Jobs Available
    Data Administrator

    Database professionals use software to store and organise data such as financial information, and customer shipping records. Individuals who opt for a career as data administrators ensure that data is available for users and secured from unauthorised sales. DB administrators may work in various types of industries. It may involve computer systems design, service firms, insurance companies, banks and hospitals.

    4 Jobs Available
    Operations Manager

    Individuals in the operations manager jobs are responsible for ensuring the efficiency of each department to acquire its optimal goal. They plan the use of resources and distribution of materials. The operations manager's job description includes managing budgets, negotiating contracts, and performing administrative tasks.

    3 Jobs Available
    GIS Expert

    GIS officer work on various GIS software to conduct a study and gather spatial and non-spatial information. GIS experts update the GIS data and maintain it. The databases include aerial or satellite imagery, latitudinal and longitudinal coordinates, and manually digitized images of maps. In a career as GIS expert, one is responsible for creating online and mobile maps.

    3 Jobs Available
    Ethical Hacker

    A career as ethical hacker involves various challenges and provides lucrative opportunities in the digital era where every giant business and startup owns its cyberspace on the world wide web. Individuals in the ethical hacker career path try to find the vulnerabilities in the cyber system to get its authority. If he or she succeeds in it then he or she gets its illegal authority. Individuals in the ethical hacker career path then steal information or delete the file that could affect the business, functioning, or services of the organization.

    3 Jobs Available
    Database Architect

    If you are intrigued by the programming world and are interested in developing communications networks then a career as database architect may be a good option for you. Data architect roles and responsibilities include building design models for data communication networks. Wide Area Networks (WANs), local area networks (LANs), and intranets are included in the database networks. It is expected that database architects will have in-depth knowledge of a company's business to develop a network to fulfil the requirements of the organisation. Stay tuned as we look at the larger picture and give you more information on what is db architecture, why you should pursue database architecture, what to expect from such a degree and what your job opportunities will be after graduation. Here, we will be discussing how to become a data architect. Students can visit NIT Trichy, IIT Kharagpur, JMI New Delhi

    3 Jobs Available
    Data Analyst

    The invention of the database has given fresh breath to the people involved in the data analytics career path. Analysis refers to splitting up a whole into its individual components for individual analysis. Data analysis is a method through which raw data are processed and transformed into information that would be beneficial for user strategic thinking.

    Data are collected and examined to respond to questions, evaluate hypotheses or contradict theories. It is a tool for analyzing, transforming, modeling, and arranging data with useful knowledge, to assist in decision-making and methods, encompassing various strategies, and is used in different fields of business, research, and social science.

    3 Jobs Available
    Geothermal Engineer

    Individuals who opt for a career as geothermal engineers are the professionals involved in the processing of geothermal energy. The responsibilities of geothermal engineers may vary depending on the workplace location. Those who work in fields design facilities to process and distribute geothermal energy. They oversee the functioning of machinery used in the field.

    3 Jobs Available
    Finance Executive

    A career as a Finance Executive requires one to be responsible for monitoring an organisation's income, investments and expenses to create and evaluate financial reports. His or her role involves performing audits, invoices, and budget preparations. He or she manages accounting activities, bank reconciliations, and payable and receivable accounts.  

    3 Jobs Available
    Investment Banker

    An Investment Banking career involves the invention and generation of capital for other organizations, governments, and other entities. Individuals who opt for a career as Investment Bankers are the head of a team dedicated to raising capital by issuing bonds. Investment bankers are termed as the experts who have their fingers on the pulse of the current financial and investing climate. Students can pursue various Investment Banker courses, such as Banking and Insurance, and Economics to opt for an Investment Banking career path.

    3 Jobs Available
    Bank Branch Manager

    Bank Branch Managers work in a specific section of banking related to the invention and generation of capital for other organisations, governments, and other entities. Bank Branch Managers work for the organisations and underwrite new debts and equity securities for all type of companies, aid in the sale of securities, as well as help to facilitate mergers and acquisitions, reorganisations, and broker trades for both institutions and private investors.

    3 Jobs Available
    Treasurer

    Treasury analyst career path is often regarded as certified treasury specialist in some business situations, is a finance expert who specifically manages a company or organisation's long-term and short-term financial targets. Treasurer synonym could be a financial officer, which is one of the reputed positions in the corporate world. In a large company, the corporate treasury jobs hold power over the financial decision-making of the total investment and development strategy of the organisation.

    3 Jobs Available
    Product Manager

    A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

    3 Jobs Available
    Underwriter

    An underwriter is a person who assesses and evaluates the risk of insurance in his or her field like mortgage, loan, health policy, investment, and so on and so forth. The underwriter career path does involve risks as analysing the risks means finding out if there is a way for the insurance underwriter jobs to recover the money from its clients. If the risk turns out to be too much for the company then in the future it is an underwriter who will be held accountable for it. Therefore, one must carry out his or her job with a lot of attention and diligence.

    3 Jobs Available
    Bank Probationary Officer (PO)

    A career as Bank Probationary Officer (PO) is seen as a promising career opportunity and a white-collar career. Each year aspirants take the Bank PO exam. This career provides plenty of career development and opportunities for a successful banking future. If you have more questions about a career as  Bank Probationary Officer (PO), what is probationary officer or how to become a Bank Probationary Officer (PO) then you can read the article and clear all your doubts. 

    3 Jobs Available
    Operations Manager

    Individuals in the operations manager jobs are responsible for ensuring the efficiency of each department to acquire its optimal goal. They plan the use of resources and distribution of materials. The operations manager's job description includes managing budgets, negotiating contracts, and performing administrative tasks.

    3 Jobs Available
    Transportation Planner

    A career as Transportation Planner requires technical application of science and technology in engineering, particularly the concepts, equipment and technologies involved in the production of products and services. In fields like land use, infrastructure review, ecological standards and street design, he or she considers issues of health, environment and performance. A Transportation Planner assigns resources for implementing and designing programmes. He or she is responsible for assessing needs, preparing plans and forecasts and compliance with regulations.

    3 Jobs Available
    Conservation Architect

    A Conservation Architect is a professional responsible for conserving and restoring buildings or monuments having a historic value. He or she applies techniques to document and stabilise the object’s state without any further damage. A Conservation Architect restores the monuments and heritage buildings to bring them back to their original state.

    2 Jobs Available
    Safety Manager

    A Safety Manager is a professional responsible for employee’s safety at work. He or she plans, implements and oversees the company’s employee safety. A Safety Manager ensures compliance and adherence to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) guidelines.

    2 Jobs Available
    Team Lead

    A Team Leader is a professional responsible for guiding, monitoring and leading the entire group. He or she is responsible for motivating team members by providing a pleasant work environment to them and inspiring positive communication. A Team Leader contributes to the achievement of the organisation’s goals. He or she improves the confidence, product knowledge and communication skills of the team members and empowers them.

    2 Jobs Available
    Structural Engineer

    A Structural Engineer designs buildings, bridges, and other related structures. He or she analyzes the structures and makes sure the structures are strong enough to be used by the people. A career as a Structural Engineer requires working in the construction process. It comes under the civil engineering discipline. A Structure Engineer creates structural models with the help of computer-aided design software. 

    2 Jobs Available
    Architect

    Individuals in the architecture career are the building designers who plan the whole construction keeping the safety and requirements of the people. Individuals in architect career in India provides professional services for new constructions, alterations, renovations and several other activities. Individuals in architectural careers in India visit site locations to visualize their projects and prepare scaled drawings to submit to a client or employer as a design. Individuals in architecture careers also estimate build costs, materials needed, and the projected time frame to complete a build.

    2 Jobs Available
    Landscape Architect

    Having a landscape architecture career, you are involved in site analysis, site inventory, land planning, planting design, grading, stormwater management, suitable design, and construction specification. Frederick Law Olmsted, the designer of Central Park in New York introduced the title “landscape architect”. The Australian Institute of Landscape Architects (AILA) proclaims that "Landscape Architects research, plan, design and advise on the stewardship, conservation and sustainability of development of the environment and spaces, both within and beyond the built environment". Therefore, individuals who opt for a career as a landscape architect are those who are educated and experienced in landscape architecture. Students need to pursue various landscape architecture degrees, such as M.Des, M.Plan to become landscape architects. If you have more questions regarding a career as a landscape architect or how to become a landscape architect then you can read the article to get your doubts cleared. 

    2 Jobs Available
    Plumber

    An expert in plumbing is aware of building regulations and safety standards and works to make sure these standards are upheld. Testing pipes for leakage using air pressure and other gauges, and also the ability to construct new pipe systems by cutting, fitting, measuring and threading pipes are some of the other more involved aspects of plumbing. Individuals in the plumber career path are self-employed or work for a small business employing less than ten people, though some might find working for larger entities or the government more desirable.

    2 Jobs Available
    Orthotist and Prosthetist

    Orthotists and Prosthetists are professionals who provide aid to patients with disabilities. They fix them to artificial limbs (prosthetics) and help them to regain stability. There are times when people lose their limbs in an accident. In some other occasions, they are born without a limb or orthopaedic impairment. Orthotists and prosthetists play a crucial role in their lives with fixing them to assistive devices and provide mobility.

    6 Jobs Available
    Veterinary Doctor

    A veterinary doctor is a medical professional with a degree in veterinary science. The veterinary science qualification is the minimum requirement to become a veterinary doctor. There are numerous veterinary science courses offered by various institutes. He or she is employed at zoos to ensure they are provided with good health facilities and medical care to improve their life expectancy.

    5 Jobs Available
    Pathologist

    A career in pathology in India is filled with several responsibilities as it is a medical branch and affects human lives. The demand for pathologists has been increasing over the past few years as people are getting more aware of different diseases. Not only that, but an increase in population and lifestyle changes have also contributed to the increase in a pathologist’s demand. The pathology careers provide an extremely huge number of opportunities and if you want to be a part of the medical field you can consider being a pathologist. If you want to know more about a career in pathology in India then continue reading this article.

    5 Jobs Available
    Gynaecologist

    Gynaecology can be defined as the study of the female body. The job outlook for gynaecology is excellent since there is evergreen demand for one because of their responsibility of dealing with not only women’s health but also fertility and pregnancy issues. Although most women prefer to have a women obstetrician gynaecologist as their doctor, men also explore a career as a gynaecologist and there are ample amounts of male doctors in the field who are gynaecologists and aid women during delivery and childbirth. 

    4 Jobs Available
    Surgical Technologist

    When it comes to an operation theatre, there are several tasks that are to be carried out before as well as after the operation or surgery has taken place. Such tasks are not possible without surgical tech and surgical tech tools. A single surgeon cannot do it all alone. It’s like for a footballer he needs his team’s support to score a goal the same goes for a surgeon. It is here, when a surgical technologist comes into the picture. It is the job of a surgical technologist to prepare the operation theatre with all the required equipment before the surgery. Not only that, once an operation is done it is the job of the surgical technologist to clean all the equipment. One has to fulfil the minimum requirements of surgical tech qualifications. 

    Also Read: Career as Nurse

    3 Jobs Available
    Radiation Therapist

    People might think that a radiation therapist only spends most of his/her time in a radiation operation unit but that’s not the case. In reality, a radiation therapist’s job is not as easy as it seems. The job of radiation therapist requires him/her to be attentive, hardworking, and dedicated to his/her work hours. A radiation therapist is on his/her feet for a long duration and might be required to lift or turn disabled patients. Because a career as a radiation therapist involves working with radiation and radioactive material, a radiation therapist is required to follow the safety procedures in order to make sure that he/she is not exposed to a potentially harmful amount of radiation.

    3 Jobs Available
    Recreational Worker

    A recreational worker is a professional who designs and leads activities to provide assistance to people to adopt a healthy lifestyle. He or she instructs physical exercises and games to have fun and improve fitness. A recreational worker may work in summer camps, fitness and recreational sports centres, nature parks, nursing care facilities, and other settings. He or she may lead crafts, sports, music, games, drama and other activities.

    3 Jobs Available
    Oncologist

    An oncologist is a specialised doctor responsible for providing medical care to patients diagnosed with cancer. He or she uses several therapies to control the cancer and its effect on the human body such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and biopsy. An oncologist designs a treatment plan based on a pathology report after diagnosing the type of cancer and where it is spreading inside the body.

    3 Jobs Available
    Actor

    For an individual who opts for a career as an actor, the primary responsibility is to completely speak to the character he or she is playing and to persuade the crowd that the character is genuine by connecting with them and bringing them into the story. This applies to significant roles and littler parts, as all roles join to make an effective creation. Here in this article, we will discuss how to become an actor in India, actor exams, actor salary in India, and actor jobs. 

    4 Jobs Available
    Acrobat

    Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats create and direct original routines for themselves, in addition to developing interpretations of existing routines. The work of circus acrobats can be seen in a variety of performance settings, including circus, reality shows, sports events like the Olympics, movies and commercials. Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats must be prepared to face rejections and intermittent periods of work. The creativity of acrobats may extend to other aspects of the performance. For example, acrobats in the circus may work with gym trainers, celebrities or collaborate with other professionals to enhance such performance elements as costume and or maybe at the teaching end of the career.

    3 Jobs Available
    Video Game Designer

    Career as a video game designer is filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. A video game designer is someone who is involved in the process of creating a game from day one. He or she is responsible for fulfilling duties like designing the character of the game, the several levels involved, plot, art and similar other elements. Individuals who opt for a career as a video game designer may also write the codes for the game using different programming languages. Depending on the video game designer job description and experience they may also have to lead a team and do the early testing of the game in order to suggest changes and find loopholes.

    3 Jobs Available
    Talent Agent

    The career as a Talent Agent is filled with responsibilities. A Talent Agent is someone who is involved in the pre-production process of the film. It is a very busy job for a Talent Agent but as and when an individual gains experience and progresses in the career he or she can have people assisting him or her in work. Depending on one’s responsibilities, number of clients and experience he or she may also have to lead a team and work with juniors under him or her in a talent agency. In order to know more about the job of a talent agent continue reading the article.

    If you want to know more about talent agent meaning, how to become a Talent Agent, or Talent Agent job description then continue reading this article.

    3 Jobs Available
    Radio Jockey

    Radio Jockey is an exciting, promising career and a great challenge for music lovers. If you are really interested in a career as radio jockey, then it is very important for an RJ to have an automatic, fun, and friendly personality. If you want to get a job done in this field, a strong command of the language and a good voice are always good things. Apart from this, in order to be a good radio jockey, you will also listen to good radio jockeys so that you can understand their style and later make your own by practicing.

    A career as radio jockey has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. If you want to know more about a career as radio jockey, and how to become a radio jockey then continue reading the article.

    3 Jobs Available
    Talent Director

    Individuals who opt for a career as a talent director are professionals who work in the entertainment industry. He or she is responsible for finding out the right talent through auditions for films, theatre productions, or shows. A talented director possesses strong knowledge of computer software used in filmmaking, CGI and animation. A talent acquisition director keeps himself or herself updated on various technical aspects such as lighting, camera angles and shots. 

    2 Jobs Available
    Videographer

    Careers in videography are art that can be defined as a creative and interpretive process that culminates in the authorship of an original work of art rather than a simple recording of a simple event. It would be wrong to portrait it as a subcategory of photography, rather photography is one of the crafts used in videographer jobs in addition to technical skills like organization, management, interpretation, and image-manipulation techniques. Students pursue Visual Media, Film, Television, Digital Video Production to opt for a videographer career path. The visual impacts of a film are driven by the creative decisions taken in videography jobs. Individuals who opt for a career as a videographer are involved in the entire lifecycle of a film and production. 

    2 Jobs Available
    Multimedia Specialist

    A multimedia specialist is a media professional who creates, audio, videos, graphic image files, computer animations for multimedia applications. He or she is responsible for planning, producing, and maintaining websites and applications. 

    2 Jobs Available
    Copy Writer

    In a career as a copywriter, one has to consult with the client and understand the brief well. A career as a copywriter has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. Several new mediums of advertising are opening therefore making it a lucrative career choice. Students can pursue various copywriter courses such as Journalism, Advertising, Marketing Management. Here, we have discussed how to become a freelance copywriter, copywriter career path, how to become a copywriter in India, and copywriting career outlook. 

    5 Jobs Available
    Journalist

    Careers in journalism are filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. One cannot afford to miss out on the details. As it is the small details that provide insights into a story. Depending on those insights a journalist goes about writing a news article. A journalism career can be stressful at times but if you are someone who is passionate about it then it is the right choice for you. If you want to know more about the media field and journalist career then continue reading this article.

    3 Jobs Available
    Publisher

    For publishing books, newspapers, magazines and digital material, editorial and commercial strategies are set by publishers. Individuals in publishing career paths make choices about the markets their businesses will reach and the type of content that their audience will be served. Individuals in book publisher careers collaborate with editorial staff, designers, authors, and freelance contributors who develop and manage the creation of content.

    3 Jobs Available
    Vlogger

    In a career as a vlogger, one generally works for himself or herself. However, once an individual has gained viewership there are several brands and companies that approach them for paid collaboration. It is one of those fields where an individual can earn well while following his or her passion. Ever since internet cost got reduced the viewership for these types of content has increased on a large scale. Therefore, the career as vlogger has a lot to offer. If you want to know more about the career as vlogger, how to become a vlogger, so on and so forth then continue reading the article. Students can visit Jamia Millia Islamia, Asian College of Journalism, Indian Institute of Mass Communication to pursue journalism degrees.

    3 Jobs Available
    Editor

    Individuals in the editor career path is an unsung hero of the news industry who polishes the language of the news stories provided by stringers, reporters, copywriters and content writers and also news agencies. Individuals who opt for a career as an editor make it more persuasive, concise and clear for readers. In this article, we will discuss the details of the editor's career path such as how to become an editor in India, editor salary in India and editor skills and qualities.

    3 Jobs Available
    Advertising Manager

    Advertising managers consult with the financial department to plan a marketing strategy schedule and cost estimates. We often see advertisements that attract us a lot, not every advertisement is just to promote a business but some of them provide a social message as well. There was an advertisement for a washing machine brand that implies a story that even a man can do household activities. And of course, how could we even forget those jingles which we often sing while working?

    2 Jobs Available
    Photographer

    Photography is considered both a science and an art, an artistic means of expression in which the camera replaces the pen. In a career as a photographer, an individual is hired to capture the moments of public and private events, such as press conferences or weddings, or may also work inside a studio, where people go to get their picture clicked. Photography is divided into many streams each generating numerous career opportunities in photography. With the boom in advertising, media, and the fashion industry, photography has emerged as a lucrative and thrilling career option for many Indian youths.

    2 Jobs Available
    Social Media Manager

    A career as social media manager involves implementing the company’s or brand’s marketing plan across all social media channels. Social media managers help in building or improving a brand’s or a company’s website traffic, build brand awareness, create and implement marketing and brand strategy. Social media managers are key to important social communication as well.

    2 Jobs Available
    Product Manager

    A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

    3 Jobs Available
    Quality Controller

    A quality controller plays a crucial role in an organisation. He or she is responsible for performing quality checks on manufactured products. He or she identifies the defects in a product and rejects the product. 

    A quality controller records detailed information about products with defects and sends it to the supervisor or plant manager to take necessary actions to improve the production process.

    3 Jobs Available
    Production Manager

    Production Manager Job Description: A Production Manager is responsible for ensuring smooth running of manufacturing processes in an efficient manner. He or she plans and organises production schedules. The role of Production Manager involves estimation, negotiation on budget and timescales with the clients and managers. 

    Resource Links for Online MBA 

    3 Jobs Available
    QA Manager

    Quality Assurance Manager Job Description: A QA Manager is an administrative professional responsible for overseeing the activity of the QA department and staff. It involves developing, implementing and maintaining a system that is qualified and reliable for testing to meet specifications of products of organisations as well as development processes. 

    2 Jobs Available
    QA Lead

    A QA Lead is in charge of the QA Team. The role of QA Lead comes with the responsibility of assessing services and products in order to determine that he or she meets the quality standards. He or she develops, implements and manages test plans. 

    2 Jobs Available
    Reliability Engineer

    Are you searching for a Reliability Engineer job description? A Reliability Engineer is responsible for ensuring long lasting and high quality products. He or she ensures that materials, manufacturing equipment, components and processes are error free. A Reliability Engineer role comes with the responsibility of minimising risks and effectiveness of processes and equipment. 

    2 Jobs Available
    Safety Manager

    A Safety Manager is a professional responsible for employee’s safety at work. He or she plans, implements and oversees the company’s employee safety. A Safety Manager ensures compliance and adherence to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) guidelines.

    2 Jobs Available
    Corporate Executive

    Are you searching for a Corporate Executive job description? A Corporate Executive role comes with administrative duties. He or she provides support to the leadership of the organisation. A Corporate Executive fulfils the business purpose and ensures its financial stability. In this article, we are going to discuss how to become corporate executive.

    2 Jobs Available
    Computer Programmer

    Careers in computer programming primarily refer to the systematic act of writing code and moreover include wider computer science areas. The word 'programmer' or 'coder' has entered into practice with the growing number of newly self-taught tech enthusiasts. Computer programming careers involve the use of designs created by software developers and engineers and transforming them into commands that can be implemented by computers. These commands result in regular usage of social media sites, word-processing applications and browsers.

    3 Jobs Available
    Product Manager

    A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

    3 Jobs Available
    ITSM Manager

    ITSM Manager is a professional responsible for heading the ITSM (Information Technology Service Management) or (Information Technology Infrastructure Library) processes. He or she ensures that operation management provides appropriate resource levels for problem resolutions. The ITSM Manager oversees the level of prioritisation for the problems, critical incidents, planned as well as proactive tasks. 

    3 Jobs Available
    Information Security Manager

    Individuals in the information security manager career path involves in overseeing and controlling all aspects of computer security. The IT security manager job description includes planning and carrying out security measures to protect the business data and information from corruption, theft, unauthorised access, and deliberate attack 

    3 Jobs Available
    Big Data Analytics Engineer

    Big Data Analytics Engineer Job Description: A Big Data Analytics Engineer is responsible for collecting data from various sources. He or she has to sort the organised and chaotic data to find out patterns. The role of Big Data Engineer involves converting messy information into useful data that is clean, accurate and actionable. 

    2 Jobs Available
    Cloud Solution Developer

    A Cloud Solutions Developer is basically a Software Engineer with specialisation in cloud computing. He or she possesses a solid understanding of cloud systems including their operations, deployment with security and efficiency with no little downtime. 

    2 Jobs Available
    CRM Technology Consultant

    A Customer Relationship Management Technology Consultant or CRM Technology Consultant is responsible for monitoring and providing strategy for performance improvement with logged calls, performance metrics and revenue metrics. His or her role involves accessing data for team meetings, goal setting analytics as well as reporting to executives.  

    2 Jobs Available
    IT Manager

    Career as IT Manager  requires managing the various aspects of an organization's information technology systems. He or she is responsible for increasing productivity and solving problems related to software and hardware. While this role is typically one of the lower-level positions within an organisation, it comes with responsibilities related to people and ownership of systems.

    2 Jobs Available
    Back to top