The NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom guides students on how animals are classified. The classification is based on important features such as body organisation, symmetry, coelom, segmentation, and how animals develop as embryos. It separates animals into two broad categories: chordates (those possessing a notochord) and non-chordates (those lacking one). The NCERT Exemplar Solutions include different types of questions by which students can gain conceptual clarity.
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The Animal Kingdom Class 11 NCERT Exemplar also explains the levels of organisation, such as cellular, tissue, organ, and organ system levels. Large animal groups such as Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, and Chordata are included. The NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 4 are important for understanding the classification of animals and their structural variation.
Different forms of questions, like MCQs, short answers, and long answers with the required diagrams, are provided below. Practising the NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom will help students understand the pattern of questions.
Question:1
In some animal groups, the body is divided into compartments with a serial repetition of at least some organs. This characteristic feature is called
a. Segmentation
b. Metamerism
c. Metagenesis
d. Metamorphosis
Answer:
The answer is Option (b) Metamerism
Explanation: -
The body in some animals is externally as well as internally separated into fragments with a serial repetition of at least some organs. This is called Metamerism. In other words, Metamerism is the condition of being constructed of a linear series of repeating
parts. For example, in the earthworm, the body shows Metamerism. If we talk about Metagenesis, it is the reproduction cycle of an organism alternating between sexual and asexual modes. Metamorphosis is the process through which animals such as amphibians, insects, and a few aquatic animals experience extreme physical changes after birth.
Question:2
Given below are the types of cells present in some animals. Which of the following cells can differentiate to perform different functions?
a. Choanocytes
b. Interstitial cells
c. Gastrodermal cells
d. Nematocytes
Answer:
The answer is option (b), Interstitial Cells.
Explanation: -
Interstitial cells in the ovary and testes can differentiate. Interstitial cells refer to any cell that lies in the spaces between the functional cells of a tissue.
Examples include:
- Cells present in the male testes that are responsible for the production of the androgen (male sex hormone) portion of the stroma.
- Interstitial cell of Cajal (ICC) Leydig cells.
Question:3
Which one of the following sets of animals shares a four-chambered heart?
a. Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds
b. Crocodiles, Birds, Mammals
c. Crocodiles, Lizards, Turtles
d. Lizards, Mammals, Birds
Answer:
The answer is Option (b), Crocodiles, Birds, Mammals.
Explanation:
The heart is generally three-chambered in reptiles except crocodiles, which possess a four-chambered heart. The division in their heart is due to the incomplete interventricular septum in the ventricles. If we talk about the heart in birds and mammals, it is four-chambered, and there is a complete division of the interventricular septum in the ventricles. Whereas, amphibians hold a three-chambered heart in which the ventricles are not alienated; hence, two atria and one ventricle are present.
Question:4
Which of the following pairs of animals has non-glandular skin?
a. Snake and Frog
b. Chameleon and Turtle
c. Frog and Pigeon
d. Crocodile and Tiger
Answer:
The answer is option (b), Chameleon and Turtle.
Explanation:
Chameleons and turtles belong to the Reptilia class. They possess dry and non-glandular skin with scales. Frogs, pigeons, and tigers have modifications in their skin according to adaptations in their particular habitats.
Question:5
Birds and mammals share one of the following characteristics as a common feature.
a. Pigmented skin
b. Pneumatic bones
c. Viviparity
d. Warm-blooded
Answer:
The answer is option (d), Warm-blooded
Explanation:
A distinguishing feature of warm-blooded animals is that they can maintain constant body temperature, irrespective of the surrounding environment. In other words, their body temperature is fixed. This is a common characteristic feature in birds and mammals. Higher reptiles are the first to evolve this characteristic. Later, the birds and mammals acquired this feature from higher reptiles during evolution. Concerning pigmented skin is an adaptive feature in mammals which are not present in birds. Pneumatic bones are found only in birds as their flight version. These reduce body weight for flight.
Question:6
Which one of the following sets of animals belongs to a single taxonomic group?
a. Cuttlefish, Jellyfish, Silverfish, Dogfish, Starfish
b. Bat, Pigeon, Butterfly
c. Monkey, Chimpanzee, Man
d. Silkworm, Tapeworm, Earthworm
Answer:
The answer is option (c), Monkey, Chimpanzee, Man.
Explanation:
Monkeys, chimpanzees, and men belong to a single taxonomic group. That is, mammals all possess the following features.
(i) Milk-producing mammary glands.
(ii) Two pairs of limbs.
(iii) Presence of external ears.
(iv) Viviparity.
(v) Skin possessing hair.
Whereas the other options belong to other groups given below:
Animal Group | Taxonomic Group |
Cuttlefish Jellyfish Silverfish Dogfish Starfish | Phylum-Mollusca, Class-Cephalopoda, Phylum-Cnidaria, Class-Insecta, Order-Thysanura, Phylum-Arthropoda, Phylum-Chordata, Class-Chondrichthyes, Phylum-Echinodermata, Class-Asteroidea. |
Animal Group | Taxonomic Group |
Bat Pigeon Butterfly | Phylum-Chordata, Class-Mammalia Phylum-Chordata, Class Aves Phylum-Arthropoda, Class-Insecta, Order-Lepidoptera |
Animal Group | Taxonomic Group |
Silkworm Tapeworm Earthworm | Phylum-Arthropoda, Class-Insecta, Order- Lepidoptera Phylum-Platyhelminthes, Class-Cestoda Phylum-Annelida, Class-01igochaeta |
Question:7
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
a. Mesoglea is present between the ectoderm and endoderm in Obelia.
b. Exhibits radial symmetry Asterias
c. Fasciola is a pseudocoelomate animal
d. Taenia is a triploblastic animal
Answer: The answer is option (c), Fasciola is a pseudocoelomate animal.
Explanation:
Fasciola is an acoelomate animal. Fasciola is not a pseudocoelomate animal as it does not possess a body cavity, and hence, it is an acoelomate. Mesoglea is an undifferentiated layer and is a characteristic of diploblastic and triploblastic animals, present along with ectoderm and endoderm. Asterias show a type of symmetry called radial symmetry. A Symmetry in which the body can be divided into two equal, identical halves from any plane passing through the central axis. Taenia is a triploblastic animal as it possesses three germinal layers, i.e., ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm.
Question:8
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
a. In cockroaches and prawns, excretion of waste material occurs through malpighian tubules.
b. In ctenophores, locomotion is mediated by comb plates.
c. In Fasciola, flame cells help in excretion
d. Earthworms are hermaphrodites, and yet cross-fertilisation takes place among them.
Answer:
The answer is option (a), in cockroaches and prawns, excretion of waste material occurs through malpighian tubules.
Explanation:
The expression, “In cockroaches and prawns excretion of waste material occurs through malpighian tubules”, is incorrect because Malpighian tubules are excretory structures in most insects, including cockroaches, but green glands perform excretory functions in crustaceans like prawns. The rest all the statements are true.
Question:9
Which one of the following is oviparous?
a. Platypus
b. Flying fox (Bat)
c. Elephant
d. Whale
Answer:
The answer is option (a), platypus.
Explanation:
Platypus is a primitive mammal which shows many characteristics of their reptilian descent, such as ovaparity. This means that these lay eggs. Rest all three animals,i.e., flying fox, elephant, and whale, are viviparous mammals and give birth to young ones.
Question:10
Which one of the following is a non-poisonous snake?
a. Cobra
b. Viper
c. Python
d. Krait
Answer:
The answer is option (c).
Question:11
Match the following list of animals with their level of organisation.
Division of Labour | Animal |
Column-1 | Column-2 |
A. Orange level | i) Pheretima |
B. Cellular aggregate-level | ii) Fasciola |
C. Tissue Level | iii) Spongilla |
D. Organ System Level | iv) Obelia |
Choose the correct match showing the division of labour with an animal example.
a. i-B, ii-C, iii-D, and iv-A
b. i-B, ii-D, iii-C, and iv-A
c. i-D, ii-A, iii-B, and iv-C
d. i-A, ii-D, iii-C, and iv-B
Answer:
The answer is option (c),
i-D, ii-A, iii-B, and iv-C
Question:12
The body cavity is the cavity present between the body wall and the gut wall. In some animals, the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm. Such animals are called
a. Acoelomates
b. Pseudocoelomates
c. Coelomates
d. Haemocoelomates
Answer:
The answer is option (b), Pseudocoelomates.
Question:13
Match column A with column B and choose the correct option
Column I A. Porifera B. Aschelminthes C. Annelida D. Arthropoda E. Echinodermata | Column II i. Water system ii. Water-vascular system iii. Muscular pharynx iv. Jointed appendages v. Metameres |
a. A-ii, B-iii, C-v, D-iv, E-i
b. A-ii, B-v, C-iii, D-iv, E-i
c. A-i, B-iii, C-v, D-iv, E-ii
d. A-i, B-v, C-iii, D-iv, E-ii
Answer:
The answer is option (c),
A-i, B-iii, C-v, D-iv, E-ii
Given below are the very short answer questions of the animal kingdom chapter.
Question:1
Identify the phylum in which adults exhibit radial symmetry and larvae exhibit bilateral symmetry.
Answer:
The phylum in which the radial symmetry is exhibited by the adult while the bilateral symmetry is exhibited by the larva, is in the case of the phylum Echinodermata.
Question:2
What is the importance of pneumatic bones and air sacs in Aves?
Answer:
The importance of Pneumatic bones lies in making the body lightweight and facilitating flight. Air sacs are helpful in respiration and buoyancy.
Question:3
What is Metagenesis? Mention an example which exhibits this phenomenon.
Answer:
Metagenesis is a phenomenon defined as the reproduction cycle of an organism alternating between sexual and asexual modes. Example- Obelia.
Question:4
Answer:
Feathers are meant for flying by reducing the overall weight of the body. They create an airfoil shape of wings and help in flying. For example, in Aves, besides pneumatic bones, feathers are also helpful in making the body lighter and help in flight. Feathers are also helpful in mating.
Question:5
Which group of chordates possess a sucking and circular mouth without jaws?
Answer:
Cyclostomes have a sucking and circular mouth that is without jaws. They are also referred to as jawless fish. Since the shape of their mouth is circular and they lack jaws, they are also called agnathans.
Question:6
Give one example each for an animal possessing placoid scales and one with cycloid scales.
Answer:
Placoid scales are defined as the tiny, tough scales that cover the entire skin. Examples Placoid: Trygon (stingray)
Cycloid: Catla (carp) or Labeo (Rohu)
Question:7
Mention two modifications in reptiles required for the terrestrial mode of life.
Answer:
The two modifications in reptiles required for a terrestrial mode of life are as below:
1. Internal fertilisation is required to improve the chances of the survival of young ones.
2. The body is to be covered with dry and cornified skin and epidermal scales.
Question:8
Answer:
Cockroaches (Arthropods) have the body covered with a Chitinous exoskeleton, and Pila (Molluscs) have the body covered with a calcareous shell.
Question:9
What is the role of the radula in molluscs?
Answer:
The radula in molluscs is a special structure which is used to scrape and scratch the food. This is also used to produce a depression in rocks, which is used by molluscs as their habitat.
Question:10
Answer:
Bioluminescence is a phenomenon that involves the emission and production of light by any organism. This is a result of a chemical reaction under which the chemical energy is converted into light energy. Pleurobrachia and Ctenoplana are some animals exhibiting the phenomenon of bioluminescence. They belong to the phylum Ctenophora, like Ctenoplana, Velamen, Beroe, etc.
Question:11
Write one example of each of the following in the space provided.
a. Cold-blooded animal ________________________
b. Warm-blooded animal ________________________
c. Animal possessing dry and cornified skin _______________
d. Dioecious animal _____________________
Answer:
Cold-blooded animal: Frog (Amphibians)
b. Warm-blooded animal: Humans (Mammals)
c. Animal possessing dry and cornified skin: Lizard (Reptiles)
d. Dioecious animal: Ascaris (Aschelminthes)
Question:12
Differentiate between a diploblastic and a triploblastic animal.
Answer:
Diploblastic animals are those with cells arranged in two embryonic layers. For Example, Coelenterates, whereas triploblastic animals are those in which the developing embryo has a third germinal layer. For Example, Chordates.
Question:13
Give an example of the following
a. Roundworm
b. Fish possessing a poison sting
c. A limbless reptile/ amphibian
d. An oviparous mammal
Answer:
a. Roundworm: Ascaris
b. Fish possessing poison sting: Trygon
c. A limbless reptile/ amphibian: reptile – Snake, Amphibian – Ichthyophis
d. An oviparous mammal: Duck-billed platypus
Question:14
Provide appropriate technical terms in the space provided.
a. Blood-filled cavity in arthropods __________________________.
b. Free-floating form of cnidaria _____________________________.
c. Stinging organ of jellyfishes ______________________________.
d. Lateral appendages in aquatic annelids ___________________.
Answer:
a. A blood-filled cavity in arthropods: Haemocoel
b. Free-floating form of cnidaria: Medusa
c. The stinging organ of jellyfish: Nematocyst
d. Lateral appendages in aquatic annelids: Parapodia
Question:15
Animals Locomotory a. Octopus b. Crocodile c. Catla d. Ctenoplana | Organ i. Limbs ii. Comb plates iii. Tentacles iv. Fins |
Answer:
a. Octopus – Tentacles
b. Crocodile – Limbs
c. Catla – Fins
d. Ctenoplana – Comb plates
Short answer questions require brief explanations with supporting points. Students by solving the NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 4 can check both memory and understanding.
Question:1
Differentiate between:
a. Open circulatory system and closed circulatory system
b. Oviparous and viviparous characteristics
c. Direct development and Indirect development
Answer:
a) In the open circulatory system, blood is pumped out of the heart, and the cells and tissues are directly bathed, whereas in the closed circulatory system, blood is circulated throughout the body with the help of a series of vessels. Examples of the open circulatory system are Arthropods and molluscs. Examples of the closed circulatory system are Annelids and Vertebrates.
b) Oviparous refers to laying fertilised and unfertilised eggs, whereas viviparous refers to giving birth to young ones. Reptiles, birds, and some mammals fall into the oviparous category, whereas Scolidon and most mammals fall into the category of viviparous.
c) Direct development refers to a form in which a larval stage is absent in the development of the organism. In simple words, when the young ones resemble the adult, it is direct development, for example, mammals, reptiles, etc.
Indirect development refers to when the larval stage is present in the development of the organism, which does not resemble the adult. In other words, when the young ones are different from the adults, this is indirect development, for example, frogs, cockroaches, and silkworms.
Question:2
Answer:
In the case of radial symmetry, an individual’s body can be divided into equal halves by any plane passing through the longitudinal axis.
Examples of Radial symmetry are Coelenterates, Ctenophores, and Echinoderms.
In the case of bilateral symmetry, the body can be divided into two halves when the plane passes through the median longitudinal axis.
Examples of Bilateral symmetry are Annelids and arthropods.
Question:3
Answer:
Two-chambered heart: Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes
Three-chambered heart: Amphibia and most Reptiles (except crocodiles)
Four-chambered heart: Aves and Mammals (and also Crocodiles among reptiles)
Question:4
Fill up the blank spaces appropriately
Phylum/Class | Excretory organ | Circulatory organ | Respiratory organ |
Arthropoda | A | B | Lungs/Gills/Tracheal system |
C | Nephridia | Closed | Skin/parapodia |
D | Metanephridia | Open | E |
Amphibia | F | Closed | Lung |
Answer:
A = Malpighian tubules
B = Open
C = Annelida
D = Mollusca
E = Feather-like gills (ctenidia in molluscs)
F = Kidneys in amphibians
Question:5
a. Amphibia b. Mammals c. Chondrichthyes d. Osteichthyes e. Cyclostomata f. Aves | i. Air bladder ii. Cartilaginous notochord iii. Mammary glands iv. Pneumatic bones v. Dual habitat vi. Sucking and circular mouth without jaws. |
Answer:
a. Amphibia – Dual habitat
b. Mammals – Mammary glands
c. Chondrichthyes – Cartilaginous notochord
d. Osteichthyes – Air bladder
e. Cyclostomata – Sucking and circular mouth without jaws
f. Aves – Pneumatic bones
Question:6
Answer:
For the survival of Endoparasites inside a host body, they need to adapt to the following conditions:
1. Presence of adhesive organs for clinging to the host.
2. High reproductive capacity
3. Loss of unnecessary sense organs.
4. They sometimes travel to another host, so they should have a good adaptation feature.
5. Loss of digestive system.
Question:7
Match the following and write the correct choice in the space provided.
Animal a. Pila b. Cockroach c. Asterias d. Torpedo e. Parrot f. Dogfish | Characteristics of i. Jointed appendages ii. Perching iii. Water vascular system iv. Electric organ v. Presence of shell vi. Placoid scales |
a._____, b. ______, c. _____, d. ___, e. _____, f. ____,
Answer:
a. Pila – Presence of shell
b. Cockroach – Jointed appendages
c. Asterias – Water vascular system
d. Torpedo – Electric organ
e. Parrot – Perching
f. Dogfish – Placoid scales
Animal a. Pila b. Cockroach c. Asterias d. Torpedo e. Parrot f. Dogfish Characteristics of i. Jointed appendages II. Perching iii. Water vascular system IV. Electric organ v. Presence of shell vi. Placoid scales a._____, b. ______, c. _____, d. ___, e. _____, f. ____,
Question:8
Differentiate between:
a. Open and closed circulatory system
b. Oviparity and viviparity
c. Direct and indirect development
d. Acoelomate and pseudocoelomate
e. Notochord and nerve cord
f. Polyp and medusa
Answer:
a) In the open circulatory system, blood is pumped out of the heart, and the cells and tissues are directly bathed, whereas in the closed circulatory system, the blood circulates throughout the body with the assistance of a series of vessels.
b) Oviparous refers to the Laying of fertilised and unfertilised eggs, whereas viviparous refers to giving birth to young ones. Reptiles, birds, and some mammals fall into the oviparous category whereas Scolidon and most mammals fall into the category of viviparous.
c) Direct development refers to a form in which a larval stage is absent in the development of the organism. In simple words, when the young ones resemble the adult, it is direct development. For example, mammals, reptiles, etc.
Indirect development refers to when the larval stage is present in the development of the organism, which does not resemble the adult. In other words, when the young ones are different from the adults, this is indirect development. For example, a frog, a cockroach, silkworm.
d) Acoelomates → Animals with no body cavity (coelom), e.g. Platyhelminthes.
Pseudocoelomates → Animals with a body cavity not lined fully by mesoderm, e.g. Aschelminthes.
e) The nerve cord is a strand comprising solid nervous tissue, while the notochord is a rod-like structure which is mesodermally derived and is formed on the dorsal side during embryonic development.
f) Polyp is a cylindrical and sessile form like Hydra, while the Medusa is a free-swimming umbrella-shaped jellyfish.
Question:9
Give the characteristic features of the following, citing one example of each
a. Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes
b. Urochordata and cephalochordate
Answer:
a) Chondrichthyes have mainly marine habitats, and their body is streamlined. They have a cartilaginous endoskeleton. Examples are Scoliodon and Trygon.
Osteichthyes have a streamlined body, and they have both marine as well as freshwater habitats with a bony endoskeleton. Some of the examples are Freshwater: Labeo (Rohu), Marine: Hippocampus (Sea horse), Aquarium: Betta (Fighting fish).
b) In the case of cephalochordates, the notochord extends from head to tail region and stays persistent throughout the life cycle, whereas in the case of urochordates, the notochord is present only in the larval tail. Examples of Urochordates are ascidia and salpa. Examples of Cephalochordates are Branchiostoma.
Question:10
Mention two similarities between
a. Aves and mammals
b. A frog and crocodile
c. A turtle and pila
Answer:
a) Aves and mammals are warm-blooded and have a four-chambered heart
b) Turtle and pilla are cold-blooded and are oviparous animals
c) A frog and crocodile are cold-blooded and are oviparous
Question:11
Name
a. A limbless animal
b. A cold-blooded animal
c. A warm-blooded animal
d. An animal possessing dry and cornified skin
e. An animal with cnidoblasts
Answer:
a. An example of a limbless animal – Icthyophis
b. An example of a cold-blooded animal – Trygon
c. An example of a warm-blooded animal – Macaca (monkey)
d. An example of an animal possessing dry and cornified skin – Naja (Cobra)
e. An example of an animal with cnidoblasts – Hydra
Question:12
Give an example for each of the following
a. A viviparous animal
b. A fish possessing a poison sting
c. A fish possessing an electric organ
d. An organ which regulates buoyancy
e. Animal, which exhibits alternation of generations
f. An oviparous animal with a mammary gland
Answer:
a. An example of a viviparous animal – Panthera leo
b. An example of a fish possessing a poison sting – Trygon
c. An example of a fish possessing an electric organ is the torpedo
d. An example of an organ which regulates buoyancy is the air bladder
e. An example of an animal which exhibits alternation of generation is Obelia
f. An example of an oviparous animal with a mammary gland is an echidna
Question:13
Animal Excretory Organ/Unit a. Balanoglossus b. Leech c. Locust d. Liver fluke e. Sea urchin f. Pila | Animal Excretory Organ/Unit i. Metanephridia ii. Nephridia iii. Flame cells iv. absent v. malpighian tubule vi. Proboscis’s gland |
a. ____________________, b. ____________________, c. _ d. ____________________, e. ____________________, f. ____________________
Answer:
a. Balanoglossus – Proboscis gland
b. Leech – Nephridia
c. Locust – Malpighian tubule
d. Liver fluke – Flame cells
e. Sea urchin – Absent
f. Pila – Metanephrida
Long answer questions include detailed explanations, step-wise reasoning, and proper use of diagrams where necessary. Given below are the long answers of the NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Chapter 4.
Question:1
Answer:
Chordates | Non-Chordates |
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|
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|
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The sketch of a chordate showing features is below:
Question:2
Answer:
Germinal layers are those layers which form during the process of gastrulation. It is widely described into three layers-
1.-The outer layer of the germ is known as the ectoderm.
2.-The middle one is the endoderm
3. The innermost is the endoderm.
Coelomates are described as organisms that possess coeloms, which are the body cavities lined by the mesoderm. Phylum Annelida, Mollusca, arthropods, etc., are examples of coelomates.
Acoelomates are organisms with absent body cavities. E.g. Platyhelminthes. Instead of having a lining by mesoderm, some organisms will have them in the form of a scattered pouch located between the ectoderm and endoderm. This type of body cavity is known as pseudocoel, and animals possessing pseudocoel are often referred to as pseudocoelomates, e.g., Ascaris.
Question:3
Answer:
The external features and habitats of animals belonging to the classes Amphibia and Reptilia are as follows: -
Amphibia
1. Amphibians are thin and have smooth skin, and can live on both land and water.
2. They have a pair of limbs.
3. Their eyes have eyelids.
4. A tympanum represents the ears.
5. Examples are Rana(frog)
Reptilia
1. Reptiles are covered with dry and confined skin and scales.
2. They mostly live on land. Tympanum represents the ear.
3. They have a pair of limbs. They will creep and crawl.
4. These category organisms are oviparous; fertilisation is internal, and development is direct.
5. Examples are crocodiles, turtles, etc.
Question:4
Mammals are most adapted among the vertebrates. Elaborate.
Answer:
Mammals have significantly adapted the most among the vertebrates. They can be found across a diverse range of habitats like deserts, plains, and mountains. They diverge in the type of jaws, and the sexes are separate, and fertilisation is internal. They have a couple of limbs which are used for walking, burrowing, climbing, etc. They have mammary glands, which produce milk that is used to feed their young ones. They are warm-blooded, which in turn helps them regulate their body temperature efficiently in all types of weather conditions. They have hair-like arrangements that work as insulation against cold temperatures. The heart present in mammals has four chambers, and their brains are highly developed. Some examples of mammals are Whales, Humans, Dogs, Cows, etc
The significant features which make them most adaptive can be summarised as below:
They are warm-blooded and can regulate body temperature in any environment.
They have hair/fur and sweat glands for protection and thermoregulation.
They have mammary glands for nourishing their young ones.
They show parental care and internal fertilisation.
They have a four-chambered heart for efficient circulation.
Examples: Humans, Whales, Dogs, Cows.
Must Read NCERT Notes subject-wise
Here is a step-by-step solution to the questions of the Animal Kingdom. Students can follow these steps to easily solve these questions.
Learn the key features that are used to classify animals, such as their body shape and body parts.
Remember each animal group's special characteristics.
Students have to refer to the diagrams and charts to know more about animal groups.
Practice questions from the NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 4 to prepare for exams.
In case of confusion, read the answers attentively to grasp the reasons why they are correct.
Also, read the NCERT Solution subject-wise
Animal Kingdom is a fundamental chapter that introduces the key features like body organisation, symmetry, body cavity, and patterns of development. The NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 4 also covers the distinguishing characteristics of major animal phyla.
Basis of Classification
Levels of Organisation
Body Symmetry
Coelom (Body Cavity)
Diploblastic vs. Triploblastic
Segmentation (Metamerism)
Digestive System
Circulatory System
Major Phyla and Their Characteristics
Chordata and Vertebrate Classes
Direct vs. Indirect Development
NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Mathematics Solutions
Animal Kingdom dives into the wide variety of animals and their systematic organisation. These organisations are important for exams as they are frequently asked in exams. Given below is a question from the NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 4.
Q1. An important characteristic that hemichordates share with chordates is
A. Absence of notochord
B. Pharynx without gill slits
C. Pharynx with gill slits
D. Ventral tubular nerve cord
Answer:
Both hemichordates and chordates possess pharyngeal gill slits, which are crucial for respiration and filter feeding in aquatic forms.
Hence, the correct option is C. Pharynx with gill slits
Also, check the NCERT Books and the NCERT Syllabus here
The chapter-wise links are given below:
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Animals are classified based on key characteristics such as levels of organization (cellular, tissue, organ, organ system), body symmetry, nature of coelom (body cavity), segmentation, and patterns of digestive, circulatory, and reproductive systems. Questions based on this classification is included in the NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom.
Common parasitic animals on humans include Ascaris (roundworm), Taenia (tapeworm), Enterobius (pinworm), Ancylostoma (hookworm), and Wuchereria (filarial worm). All are well-discussed in the NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom.
Metamerism, also known as segmentation, is the division of the body into repetitive segments, each with similar organs. This feature is characteristic of phyla such as Annelida, Arthropoda, and Chordata.
Oviparous animals lay eggs, with development occurring outside the mother's body, while viviparous animals give birth to live young, with development occurring inside the mother's body. Oviparous animals typically produce more eggs due to a higher risk of predation.
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