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Have you ever wondered why some elements react easily or why atoms come together to form molecules? The answer to all these questions lies in Structure of atom Class 11 NCERT Exemplar solutions. This chapter provides a detailed explanation of atoms, their bonding process, principles and theories that govern their behavior. NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Chemistry Solutions Chapter 2 Structure of Atom also explains the various theories, such as Dalton’s Atomic Theory, Rutherford’s experiment, Bohr’s model, Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle, and de Broglie’s hypothesis.
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NCERT Exemplar Solutions of Class 11 Chemistry are designed to offer a systematic and structured approach to important concepts of Structure of Atoms NCERT Exemplar Class 11 and help students to develop a clear understanding of critical concepts through the series of solved examples and conceptual explanations, these NCERT Exemplar Solutions provide a valuable resource to enhance performance in board exams as well as in the competitive exams like JEE Advanced, NEET, JEE Mains, etc. This article also includes some higher-order thinking skills questions and approaches to solve questions that help to promote conceptual understanding, improve analytical thinking, enhance application skills, and build confidence in chemistry.
Given below the Multiple choice questions of Structure of Atoms NCERT Exemplar Class 11 to test your basic understanding of atoms. These Structure of Atoms Class 11 question answers focus on key concepts like atomic models and electron behavior.
Question 1. Which of the following conclusions could not be derived from Rutherford's α-particle scattering experiment?
(a) Most of the space in the atom is empty.
(b) The radius of the atom is about 10 -10 m while that of the nucleus is 10 -15 m.
(c) Electrons move in a circular path of fixed energy called orbits.
(d) Electrons and the nucleus are held together by electrostatic forces of attraction.
Answer:
The answer is option (c)
Electrons move in a circular path of fixed energy called orbits because it does not explain anything about an atom’s stability, it’s electronic structures, its energies, and distribution around the nucleus.
Question 2. Which of the following options does not represent the ground state electronic configuration of an atom?
(i) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d8 4s2
(ii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d9 4s2
(iii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1
(iv) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1
Answer:
The correct answer is option (b), as the correct configuration would be
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1
Question 3. The probability density plots of 1s and 2s orbitals are given in the following figures.
The density of dots in a region represents the probability density of finding electrons in the region. On the basis of the above diagram, which of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) 1s and 2s orbitals are spherical in shape.
(b) The probability of finding the electron is maximum near the nucleus.
(c) The probability of finding the electron at a given distance is equal in all directions.
(d) The probability density of electrons for 2s orbital decreases uniformly as the distance from the nucleus increases.
Answer:
The answer is the option (d)
The probability density of electrons for the 2s orbital decreases uniformly as the distance from the nucleus increases. The reason is that the probability density for the 2s orbital first sharply reduces to zero and then starts increasing, whereas for 1s orbital, the probability density is at its peak at the nucleus and then starts decreasing gradually on moving away from it.
Question 4. Which of the following statements is not correct about the characteristics of cathode rays?
(a) They start from the cathode and move towards the anode.
(b) They travel in a straight line in the absence of an external electrical or magnetic field.
(c) Characteristics of cathode rays do not depend upon the material of the electrodes in the cathode ray tube.
(d) Characteristics of cathode rays depend upon the nature of the gas present in the cathode ray tube.
Answer:
The answer is the option (d)
Characteristics of cathode rays depend upon the nature of gas present in the cathode ray tube because we know that the nature of the gas in the cathode rays and characteristics of the cathode rays have no bearing on the material of the electrodes.
Question 5. Which of the following statements about the electron is incorrect?
(a) It is a negatively charged particle.
(b) The mass of an electron is equal to the mass of the neutron.
(c) It is a basic constituent of all atoms.
(d) It is a constituent of cathode rays.
Answer:
The answer is the option (b)
The mass of an electron is equal to the mass of a neutron because the mass of a neutron is
Question 6. Which of the following properties of atom could be explained correctly by the Thomson Model of the atom?
(a) Overall neutrality of atom.
(b) Spectra of the hydrogen atom.
(c) Position of electrons, protons, and neutrons in an atom.
(d) Stability of an atom.
Answer:
The answer is the option (a)
Overall neutrality of the atom as the Thomson model has been unable to explain it. Initially, this model explained the overall neutrality of an atom, but later tests stated otherwise.
Question 7. Two atoms are said to be isobars if
(a) They have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
(b) They have the same number of electrons but a different number of neutrons.
(c) They have the same number of neutrons but a different number of electrons.
(d) The sum of the number of protons and neutrons is the same but the number of protons is different.
Answer:
The answer is the option (d)
The sum of the number of protons and neutrons is the same, but the number of protons is different because isobars have a different atomic number.
Question 8. The number of radial nodes for 3p orbital is
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 2
(d) 1
Answer:
The answer is option (d)
1 because for 3p orbital, n = 3-1-1 = 1 which is the number of radial nodes.
Question 9. Number of angular nodes for 4d orbital is __________ .
(a) 4
(b) 3
(c) 2
(d) 1
Answer:
The answer is the option (c)
2 because we know that for dxy orbitals, there are two angular nodes (represented as “I”) that pass through the origin and bisect the xy plane that contains the z-axis.
Question 10. Which of the following is responsible to rule out the existence of definite paths or trajectories of electrons?
(a) Pauli's exclusion principle
(b) Heisenberg's uncertainty principle
(c) Hund's rule of maximum multiplicity
(d) Aufbau principle
Answer:
The answer is the option (b)
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle which states that it is not possible to simultaneously determine the velocity and position of an electron correctly.
Question 11. Total number of orbitals associated with third shell will be _______.
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 9
(d) 3
Answer:
The answer is the option (c)
9, This is so because the total number of orbitals associated with the shell is given by n2, wherein “n” is the shell. O, in this case, it would be 32 = 9.
Question 12. Orbital angular momentum depends on
(a) l
(b) n and l
(c) n and m
(d) m and s
Answer:
The answer is the option (a)
I, because “I” defines the 3-dimensional shape of the orbital and is commonly known as the subsidiary quantum number or the orbital angular momentum. For any given value of “n”, the “I” can have n values that range from 0 to n-1.
Question 13. Chlorine exists in two isotopic forms, Cl-37 and Cl-35, but its atomic mass is 35.5. This indicates the ratio of Cl-37 and Cl-35 is approximately
(a) 1 : 2
(b) 1 : 1
(c) 1:3
(d) 3:1
Answer:
The answer is the option (c)
1:3 , because we know that chlorine is made up of two isotopes that have atomic masses of 35 u and 37 u in the ratio 1:3.
Question 14. The pair of ions having same electronic configuration is............
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer:
The answer is the option (b)
Question 15. For the electrons of oxygen atom, which of the following statements is correct?
(a) Zeff for an electron in a 2s orbital is the same as Zeff for an electron in a 2p
(b) An electron in the 2s orbital has the same energy as an electron in the 2p
(c) Zeff for an electron in the Is orbital is the same as Zeff for an electron in a 2s orbital.
(d) The two electrons present in the 2s orbital have spin quantum numbers ms but of opposite sign.
Answer:
The answer is the option (d)
The two electrons present in the 2s orbital have spin quantum numbers ms but of opposite sign. This is so because in the same orbital plane, only two electrons can exist, and they must have opposite signs.
Question 16. If traveling at same speeds, which of the following matter waves have the shortest wavelength?
(a) Electron
(b) Alpha particle (He2+ )
(c) Neutron
(d) Proton
Answer:
The answer is the option (b) Alpha particle (He2+ ), because the higher is the mass, the shorter is the wavelength.
The MCQ (Type 2) of Structure of Atom Class 11 is designed to evaluate students ability to apply the concepts. Structure of atoms class 11 Chemistry NCERT Solutions helps to test student understanding of concepts and helps them to strengthen their knowledge of the subject
Question 17. Identify the pairs that are not of isotopes.
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
Answer:
The answer is the options (iii) and (iv) because isotopes must have different atomic mass numbers but an identical atomic number.
Question 18. Out of the following pairs of electrons, identify the pairs of electrons present in degenerate orbitals :
I) (a)
(b)
ii) (a)
(b)
iii) (a)
(b)
iv) (a)
(b)
Answer:
The answers are the options (i) and (iv) because the degenerate orbitals have the same n and l values. Herein, the other two options have different values of n and l; therefore, they cannot possess similar energy.
Question 19. Which of the following sets of quantum numbers are correct?
n l m1
(i) 1 1 +2
(ii) 2 1 +1
(iii) 3 2 -2
(iv) 3 4 -2
Answer:
The answer is the options (ii) and (iii)
As, in the case n = 1, then I ≠ 1, therefore option (i) is incorrect.
In case n = 3, I ≠ 4, therefore option (iv) is also incorrect.
In case, n = 2, I = 0, 1. When l = 1, then m = -1, 0, +1. Therefore, option (ii) is correct.
In case n = 3, l= 0, 1, 2. When l = 2, m = -2, -1, 0, +1, +2. Therefore, option (iii) is also correct.
Question 20. In which of the following pairs, the ions are iso-electronic?
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Answer:
The answer is the options (i) and (iii) because in order for the ions to be iso-electronic, they must have the same number of electrons.
Question 21. Which of the following statements concerning the quantum numbers are correct?
(i) Angular quantum number determines the three-dimensional shape of the orbital.
(ii) The principal quantum number determines the orientation and energy of the orbital.
(iii) Magnetic quantum number determines the size of the orbital.
(iv) Spin quantum number of an electron determines the orientation of the spin of the electron relative to the chosen axis.
Answer:
The answer is the options (i) and (iv) as only these two statements are correct. In contrast, the principal quantum number determines the orbit's size while the orientation of the electron cloud within a sub-shell is determined by the magnetic quantum number. Hence, statements (ii) and (iii) are incorrect.
The solutions to the short answer type questions of NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 are provided below, they offer clear explanations and help students to understand the concepts of Structure of Atoms NCERT Exemplar Class 11 in detail.
Question 22. Arrange s, p and d sub-shells of a shell in the increasing order of effective nuclear charge (Zeff) experienced by the electron present in them.
Answer:
The arrangement of sub-shells in order of effective nuclear charge is: d < p < s. The net positive charge experienced by an outer electron is known as an effective nuclear charge (Zeff). This charge decreases with an increase of azimuthal quantum number (l), that is, the s orbital electron will be more tightly bound to the nucleus than p orbital electron, which in turn will be more tightly bound than the d orbital electron.
Question 23. Show the distribution of electrons in oxygen atom (atomic number 8) using orbital diagram.
Answer:
The orbital diagram of oxygen will be -
Question 24. A nickel atom can lose two electrons to form Ni2+ ion. The atomic number of nickel is 28. From which orbital will nickel lose two electrons?
Answer:
So from 4s orbital, Ni will lose an electron
Question 25. Which of the following orbitals are degenerate?
Answer:
Orbitals with the same shells and subshells are known as degenerate orbitals. From the given options, the options that represent degenerate orbitals due to the same main shell, i.e. n=3 are
Moreover,
Question 26. Calculate the total number of angular nodes and radial nodes present in 3p orbital.
Answer:
Number of angular nodes= l = 1
Number of radial nodes = n-l-1 = 3-1-1 =1
I. (a) 1s<2s<2p<3s
(b) 3s<3p<4s<4d
(c) 4d<5p<6s<4f<5d
(d) 7s < 5f < 6d < 7p
II. (a) 5s
(b) 5f
Question 28. Which of the following will not show deflection from the path on passing through an electric field? Proton, cathode rays, electron, neutron.
Answer:
Neutrons will not show deflection from the path on passing through an electric field, as the particles are neutral in nature, thereby being unaffected by any electrical field.
Question 29. An atom having atomic mass number 13 has 7 neutrons. What is the atomic number of the atom?
Answer:
A=n+p
P=A-n=13-7=6
No. of protons = no. of electrons = atomic number
Therefore, the atomic number of the atom is 6.
λ(B) < λ(A) < λ(c) = λ (D)
Question 31. The electronic configuration of valence shell of Cu is
Answer:
When the two subshells differ slightly in their energies, an electron shifts from a subshell of lower energy (4s) to a sub-shell of higher energy (3d). It has been found that there is extra stability associated with this electronic configuration as stability in 3d104s1, d orbital is completely filled and s is half filled. So it is a more stable configuration.
Here n1 = 2, n2 = 4
for n1 = 2, n2 = 4 transition in Balmer series.
According to be Broglie,
The wavelength = λ = h / mv
m = 100 g = 0.1 kg.
v = 100 km/hr = (100
h =6.626×10–34 Js
Therefore, in the present case.
Since the wavelength is too small to be detected, thus, it does not show wave nature.
Question 34. What is the experimental evidence in support of the idea that electronic energies in an atom are quantized?
Answer:
The bright line spectrum shows that the energy levels in an atom are quantized. Classical mechanics is not able to explain the working of electrons, atoms, and molecules etc. This is because classical mechanics ignores the concept of dual nature of matter. Quantum mechanics considers these theories.
Question 35. Out of electron and proton which one will have, a higher velocity to produce matter waves of the same wavelength? Explain it.
Answer:
Electrons will have a higher velocity.
Lighter the mass higher will be the velocity of the particle.
Question 36. A hypothetical electromagnetic wave is shown in Fig. 2.2. Find out the wavelength of the radiation.
Answer:
Wavelength (λ)of radiation is the distance between two successive peaks or crusts.
So,
λ = 4 X 2.16 pm
= 8.64 pm
Question 37. Chlorophyll present in green leaves of plants absorbs light at
Answer:
We know that
For this problem,
Therefore, we can say that it belongs to the visible light of the spectrum
Question 38. What is the difference between the terms orbit and orbital?
Answer:
Orbit | Orbital |
Orbits are circular and disc-like. | Different orbitals have different shapes, i.e. s orbitals are spherically symmetrical, p-orbitals are dumb-bell shaped and so on. |
It represents the planar motion of an electron around the nucleus. | It represents the three-dimensional motion of an electron around the nucleus. |
Orbit is a well-defined circular path around the nucleus in which the electrons revolve. | An orbital is a three-dimensional space around the nucleus within which the probability of finding an electron is maximum. |
Question 39. Table-tennis ball has a mass 10 g and a speed of 90 m/s. If speed can be measured with an accuracy of 4% what will be the uncertainty in speed and position?
Answer:
As per the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, it is not possible to determine the position and velocity of a particle at the same time.
As per the information given in the question.
Mass of the ball = 4g
Speed = 90 m/s
Uncertainty in the speed of ball =
Uncertainty in position =
Question 40. The effect of uncertainty principle is significant only for motion of microscopic particles within an accuracy of 4% what will be the uncertainty in speed and position?
Answer:
If we consider mass as 10-6 kg (1 milligram), then we know that
As the value is negligible and is highly insignificant for the uncertainty principle to be applicable to the particle.
The energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom is determined by the principal quantum number. Thus, the energy of the orbitals increases as: 1s< 2s= 2p< 3s= 3p= 3d< 4s= 4p < 4d= 4f.
However, the energy of an electron in a multielectron atom is dependent not just on the principal quantum number (shell) as well as also on the azimuthal quantum number (subshell), which is quite unlike that of a hydrogen atom. This implies that, for a given principal quantum number, s, p, d, f, all will have different energies.
NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Chemistry Solutions Chapter 2 Structure of Atom includes Matching Type questions that check student ability to correctly link related concepts. The solutions are given below:
Question 42. Match the following species with their corresponding ground-state electronic configuration.
Atom / Ion | Electric Configuration |
Answer:
The answer is as follows: -
- (c)
– (d)
– (a)
– (e)
Question 43. Match the quantum numbers with the information provided by these.
Quantum Number | Information provided |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Answer:
– (b)
– (d)
– (a)
– (c)
Question 44. Match the following rules with their statements.
(i) Hund's Rule | (a) No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers. |
(ii) Aufbau Principle | (b) Half-filled and completely filled orbitals have extra stability. |
(iii) Pauli Exclusion Principle | (c) The pairing of electrons in the orbitals belonging to the same subshell does not take place until each orbital is singly occupied. |
(iv) Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle | (d) It is impossible to determine the exact position and exact momentum of a subatomic particle simultaneously. |
(e) In the ground state of atoms, orbitals are filled in the order of their increasing energies. |
Answer:
– (c)
– (e)
– (a)
– (d)
Question 45. Match the following :
Column I | Column II |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Answer:
(i). - (d)
(ii) - (c)
(iii) – (a)
(iv) – (b)
Question 46. Match the following:
Column I | Column II |
| (a) Value is 4 for N shell |
| (b) Probability density |
(c) Always a positive value | |
| (d) Exhibits both momentum and wavelength |
Answer:
1. - (d)
2. – (d)
3. – (b), (c)
4. – (a), (c)
Question 47. Match species given in Column I with the electronic configuration given in Column II.
Column I | |
(i) | (a) |
(ii) | (b) |
(iii) | (c) |
(iv) | (d) |
(e) |
Answer:
(i) - (d)
(ii) – (c)
(iii) – (a)
(iv) – (b)
The Assertion and Reason Type questions included in NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 form an important section that tests students concept clarity and reasoning ability.
The answer is the option (i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: All isotopes are having same atomic number that is the same number of electrons and they bear similar chemical properties.
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Both A and R are true, but R is not the explanation of A.
A is true and R is false.
Both A and R are false.
Answer:
The answer is the option (ii). Both A and R are true, but R is not the explanation of A.
Explanation: A black body is the ideal body that can emit and absorb the radiation of all frequencies, while the radiation emitted by such a body is known as the black body radiation. The emitted radiation’s specific frequency distribution from a black body is dependent on its temperature. At any given temperature, there is an increase in the intensity of the radiation emitted when the wavelength reaches a maximum value at a given wavelength and then starts reducing with a further reduction of wavelength.
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Both A and R are tru,e and R is not the correct explanation of A.
A is true and R is false.
Both A and R are false.
Answer:
The answer is option (iii) A is true, and R is false.
Explanation: The effect of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle is considerable, specifically for the microscopic objects’ motion, and is in fact negligible for the macroscopic objects.
The Structure of Atoms Class 11 question answers Long Answer Type section is an important part of Structure of Atom Class 11, where detailed explanations are required. These Structure of atom Class 11 NCERT Exemplar solutions given below will help you to understand complex concepts clearly
Photoelectric effect states that when specific metals are exposed to a light beam, the metal ejects electrons. This phenomenon is known as the photoelectric effect. The electrons ejected are called photoelectrons.
The results of this experiment were:
i) The electrons are ejected from the metal surface only as the beam of light strikes the surface.
ii) The number of electrons is proportional to the intensity of radiation.
iii) For each metal, there is a minimum frequency below which the photoelectric effect is not observed.
iv) K.E. of electrons is proportional to the frequency of light.
When a photon of adequate energy strikes an electron in the atom of the metal, it transfers its energy to the electron, and the electron is expelled without any delay. The greater is the energy of the photon, the greater will also be the kinetic energy of the ejected electron.
As per the quantum theory,
Therefore,
Where h represents the plank's constant, i.e.
As per the information provided in the question, we must calculate
v = frequency of incident photons. As per the information provided,
Therefore,
The relation between frequency and wavelength can be represented by the equation,
Here, in this case of the threshold frequency
Thus, the photon's maximum wavelength can be represented as,
Now, we know that
When the hydrogen gas, an electric discharge, the molecules produce the excited hydrogen atoms by dissociating. Electromagnetic radiation is emitted by these excited atoms of discrete frequencies. It can be represented by the following formula :
2 basic postulates of Bohr's model of an atom can be used to reach this interpretation of the spectrum of atomic hydrogen:
1. The following principle is followed by the criterion for selecting the electron's stationary orbits, "The angular momentum of the electron should be an integral multiple of
If we assume that at an orbit of radius r, the mass and velocity of the electron is m and v, then its angular momentum can be given by the following formula: -
2. In accordance with the quantum theory of radiation, when an electron changes its orbit from one orbit to another, there will be a difference of energy between the two energy levels, which will be either absorbed or emitted.
Therefore, when from an orbit with energy E2, an electron jumps to an orbit of energy E1 (E2>E1), the difference in energy is given out in the form of quantized radiation. If we assume the frequency of the radiation to be ϑ, then the energy will be given by :
With these two points, Rydberg's constant can be reached –
In a Bohr-type system orbit, consider 2 electron orbits that have quantum numbers n1 and n2, in such a way that n2>n1. The corresponding energies are En1 and En2 and En1<En2.
Therefore, during the transfer of electrons from n2 to n1 orbit, the energy emitted will be: -
wherein, ϑ is the frequency of radiation.
As per the Bohr atomic model for the hydrogen atom (Z=1):
Thus,
Now, on substituting the values form, e,
Question 54. Calculate the energy and frequency of the radiation emitted when an electron jumps from n= 3 to n= 2 in a hydrogen atom.
Answer:
When we use Rydberg's Equation for hydrogen as well as an hydrogen-like atom:
Where,
where,
c represents the speed of light i.e.
Hence, the energy of radiation emitted is 3.028 x 10-19J and the frequency is 0.4 x 1015 s-1
In view of the shortcomings of Bohr's model, attempts were made to develop a more suitable and general model for atoms.
Two important developments that contributed significantly in the formulation of such a model were:
Dual behaviour of matter,
Heisenberg uncertainty principle.
Werner Heisenberg, a German physicist in 1927, stated the uncertainty principle, which is the consequence of duel behaviour of matter and radiation. One of the important implications of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle is that it rules out the existence of definite paths or trajectories of electrons and other similar particles.
Quantum mechanics is the theoretical science that deals with the study of the motions of microscopic objects that have both observable wave-like and particle-like properties. The name of the changed model of the atom is the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom.
The Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) questions of NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 are provided below; they are designed to test your understanding and analytical thinking.
Question 1. Based on Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, the uncertainty in the velocity of the electron to be found within an atomic nucleus of diameter
[Given : mass of electron
(Value of
Answer:
Hence, the correct answer is (58).
Question 2. For hydrogen atom, the orbital/s with lowest energy is/are :
(A) 4 s
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
(i) (A) and (E) only
(ii) (B) only
(iii) (A) only
(iv) (B), (C) and (D) only
Answer: In hydrogen atom the orbitals in a shell are degenerate means energy depends only on '
Hence, the correct answer is option (4).
Question 3. The correct set of quantum numbers for the unpaired electron of Cu atom is :
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Answer:
Explanation:
The electronic configuration of the Cu atom is as following-
From this configuration, the unpaired electron of Cu that is present is
Hence, the correct answer is option (3).
To solve the questions from Structure of Atoms NCERT Exemplar Class 11, it is important to first understand the basic concepts thoroughly. Focus on practising different types of questions, revise key formulas, the approaches given below helps you to solve questions from Structure of Atom Class 11 effectively.
1. Start with a Thorough NCERT Reading:
NCERT textbook is one of the basic resources to master the concepts. For NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 Solutions first understand the concepts from this textbook:
2. Understand the Evolution of atomic models given over time by different scientists:
Understanding these models helps to know more about the development in atomic theory and on what basis models are acceptable. Important models discussed in Structure of atoms class 11 Chemistry NCERT Solutions are Rutherford’s model, Bohr’s model, Postulates of Bohr’s model, energy levels, and radius/velocity expressions.
3. Focus on the important topics:
NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Chemistry Solutions Chapter 2 Structure of Atom covers some important concepts like Dual Nature of Matter and Light, Balmer, Lyman, Paschen series, Four quantum numbers, Aufbau Principle, Pauli’s Exclusion Principle, and Hund’s Rule
4. Revise and practice regularly
To solve Structure of Atoms Class 11 question answers effectively make a summary sheet with formulas and quantum numbers. Solve NCERT examples, back exercises, and exemplar problems .Do previous year questions from NEET and JEE to get used to question patterns.
Given below are Structure of Atoms NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Important Formulas lists that are essential for solving numerical problems. Go through these NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 formulas carefully.
1. Plank's equation: Energy of a photon
2. De Broglie Wavelength
3. Bohr's Radius
4. Energy of an Electron in Bohr's Orbit
5. Frequency of Radiation
6. Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle
Given below the topics and subtopics covered in NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Chemistry Solutions Chapter 2 Structure of Atom.
Class 11 NCERT exemplar chapter-wise solutions are given below:
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Class 11 NCERT chemistry chapter-wise solutions are given below:
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The NCERT books and syllabus links for class 11 are given below:
The structure of the atom is fundamental to understanding chemistry because it explains the behavior of matter. Atoms are the basic units of elements and their arrangement affects chemical properties and reactions.
An atom consists of three main components: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus at the center of the atom, while electrons orbit around the nucleus in different energy levels.
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons in their nucleus.
The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics in chemistry that states it is impossible to simultaneously know both the exact position and momentum of a subatomic particle, such as an electron.
Electrons are negatively charged particles that surround the nucleus of an atom and are responsible for chemical bonding
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