Probability Class 11th Notes - Free NCERT Class 11 Maths Chapter 16 notes - Download PDF

Class 11 Math chapter 16 notes are regarding Probability. In chapter 16 we will be going through the probability and outcomes concepts in Probability Class 11 notes. This Class 11 Maths chapter 16 notes contains the following topics: sample space, outcomes, events, types of events like simple, exclusive, exhaustive, exclusive, and exhaustive events, axiomatic approach, probability of an event, and Addition rule. NCERT Class 11 Math chapter 16 notes discuss probability using different theorems and addition, multiplication, and subtraction methods.

NCERT Class 11 Math chapter 16 notes have covered every topic from an exam point of view. NCERT notes for Class 11 Math chapter 16 textbook explains all the topics with examples that make them easy to understand. FAQ’s that are frequently asked questions by students collected from different places. CBSE Class 11 Maths chapter 16 notes help students to refer to them quickly to give a recap of all the topics with examples. Downloading them from Class 11 Maths chapter 16 notes pdf download, Probability Class 11 notes, Class 11 Probability notes pdf download.

Also, students can refer,

• NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 16 Probability
• NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Maths Chapter 16 Probability

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Chapter 16 Probability

NCERT CLASS 11 CHAPTER 16 NOTES

Random Experiment:

To say it is a random experiment it must satisfy the following rules:

1. It has more than one outcome.

2. It’s outcomes cannot be predicted.

Outcomes:

The solution of the experiment is called outcome.

Sample Space:

The set of all possible chances or outcomes is called sample space.

Event:

Part of the sample space is called an event.

Events are of different types:

1. Impossible and sure events: The empty set Φ, sample space S are known to be the events. Φ is known as an impossible event and S, which is called the whole sample space, is called a sure event.

2. Simple Event: Each outcome that belongs to the sample space is called the simple or elementary event. An event with only one event or outcome is said to be a simple event.

3. Compound event: An event with more than one outcome is called a compound event.

4. Complementary events: If we have an event called A then we also have a complimentary event called A’ which denotes the complementary events.

5. Event A or B: If we consider either A or B events then they are represented as A∪B.

6. Event A and B: If we consider the intersection of A and B events then they are represented as A∩B.

7. Event A, not B: If we consider only A excluding the elements of B then we represent the events as A-B.

8. Mutually Exclusive Events: When we have two events named A and B, and if the intersection of the outcomes of the events A and B is “null” or Zero is called Mutually exclusive events. They are disjoint events. P(A∩B) = 0

9. Mutually exhaustive events: Let S be the sample space and the events of the space be E₁, E₂, E₃,...................., E_n are said to be exhaustive events if E₁ ∪ E₂ ∪ E₃ ∪………. ∪ E_n = S.

10. Mutually exclusive and exhaustive events: If E_i∩E_j= ∅ that is if they are disjoint and ∑E_i = S then the events are called mutually exclusive and exhaustive events.

Axiomatic Approach To Probability:

Let S be a sample space with probability P with the function f be a real-valued with domain S and range be in the interval of [0,1] should satisfy the axioms below:

1. P(E) ≥ 0 (or) 0 ≤ P(E) ≤ 1

2. P(S) =1 that is P(E1) + P(E2) + P(E3) +..........+P(N) =1

3. P(A) = ∑ P(w_i) where w_i is the elementary event.

Probability of An Event:

S be the sample space, E be the event, and n(s)= n and n(E)=m

Then the probability of the event= P(E)

Odd number of outcomes in favor of the event: m : (n-m)

Odd number of outcomes against the event : (n-m) : m

Probability of the event that does not occur or take place : P(A)= 1- P(A)

Addition Rule :

Probability of event A or B :

P(A∪B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A∩B)

Probability of event A or B or C :

P(A∪B∪C) = P(A) + P(B) +P(C)-P(A∩B)-P(B∩C) - P(A∩C) + P(A∩B∩C)

If A, B are mutually exclusive events: Then P(A∪B) = P(A) + P(B)

Since A∩B in an exclusive event is zero or null.

With this topic we conclude NCERT Class 11 chapter 16 notes.

The link for NCERT textbook pdf is given below:

URL: ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/kemh116.pdf

Significance of NCERT Class 11 Maths Chapter 16 Notes:

NCERT Class 11 Maths chapter 16 notes will be very much helpful for students to score maximum marks in their 11 board exams. In Probability Class 11 chapter 16 notes we have discussed many topics: sample space, outcomes, events, types of events like simple, exclusive, exhaustive, exclusive, and exhaustive events, axiomatic approach, probability of an event, and Addition rule. NCERT Class 11 Maths chapter 16 is also very useful to cover major topics of Class 11 CBSE Maths Syllabus.

The CBSE Class 11 Maths chapter 16 is about finding the probability using different methods and theorems. FAQ’s most frequently asked questions regarding founder, real-life examples, applications, theorems are discussed. Probability Class 11 chapter 16 pdf download helps students in referring to it in a short span even before the exams as a quick review.

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