NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics Solutions Chapter 11 Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics solutions chapter 11 contains a lot of topics in detail and gives a broader spectrum towards the dual nature of electromagnetic waves, and also gives an insight on different experiments conducted for proving such dual nature of electromagnetic waves. NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics chapter 11 solutions defines electromagnetic waves as a combination of packet or bundle of energy or quanta known as photons along with a brief description of photons, and its characteristics. It also explains the phenomenon of electron emission, work function, etc. Class 12 Physics NCERT Exemplar solutions chapter 11 provided here are very useful from an exam point of view. NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics solutions chapter 11 PDF download can also be brought into use.
Also see - NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics
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Question:2
The wavelength of a photon needed to remove a proton from a nucleus which is bound to the nucleus with 1 MeV energy is nearly
a) 1.2 nm (b) 1.2 x 10-3 nm
(c) 1.2 x 10-6 nm (d). 1.2 x 10 nm
Answer:
The answer is the option (b)Energy of the photon should be equal to the binding energy of the proton
So, the energy of photon=
Question:3
Consider a beam of electrons (each electron with energy E0) incident on a metal surface kept in an evacuated chamber. Then
(a) no electrons will be emitted as only photons can emit electrons
(b) electrons can be emitted but all with an energy, E0
(c) electrons can be emitted with any energy, with a maximum of E0 – (
is the work function)
(d) electrons can be emitted with any energy, with a maximum of E0
Answer:
The answer is the option (d) When a beam of electrons (each electron with energy E0 ) incident on a metal surface is kept in an evacuated chamber, energy of incident electrons will be transferred to the emitted electrons due to elastic collisions. A part of E0 of incident electrons is consumed against work function to emit the electrons. Thus, the maximum energy of emitted electrons is E0Question:4
Consider Fig. 11.7 in the NCERT textbook of physics for Class XII. Suppose the voltage applied to A is increased. The diffracted beam will have the maximum at a value of θ that
(a) will be larger than the earlier value
(b) will be the same as the earlier value
(c) will be less than the earlier value
(d) will depend on the target
Answer:
The answer is the option (c)The de-Broglie wavelength of diffracted beam of electrons is given by
If there is a maxima of the diffracted electrons at an angle
From equation (i), we get that on increasing the voltage,
decreases the value of
Question:6
An electron is moving with an initial velocity v = v0i and is in a magnetic field B = B0j. Then, its de-Broglie wavelength
(a) remains constant
(b) increases with time
(c) decreases with time
(d) increases and decreases periodically
Answer:
The answer is the option (a)Force on the elctron in perpendicular magnetic field B is
Therefore, the force is perpendicular to v and B both. The de-Broglie wavelength will not change.
Question:7
Answer:
The answer is the option (a)Initial de-Broglie wavelength
Force on electron=F=qE
Velocity of electron after time t is v=v0+at
New de-Broglie wavelength
Question:10
Two particles A1 and A2 of masses m1, m2 (m1 > m2) have the same de Broglie wavelength. Then
(a) their momenta are the same
(b) their energies are the same
(c) energy of A1 is less than the energy of A2
(d) energy of A1 is more than the energy of A2
Answer:
The answer is the option (a. c)Thus c is correct.
Question:11
The de Broglie wavelength of a photon is twice the de Broglie wavelength of an electron. The speed of the electron is ve = c/100. Then
(a) Ee/Ep = 10-4
(b) Ee/Ep = 10-2
(c) Pe/mec = 10-2
(d) Pe/mec = 10-4
Answer:
The answer is the option (b,c)The energy of a charged particle when accelerated through a potential difference V is:
De-Broglie wavelength
At ordinary temperature, the energy of thermal neutrons
de Broglie wavelength of the electron
de Broglie wavelength of the proton is
Question:12
Photons absorbed in the matter are converted to heat. A source emitting n photon/sec of frequency ν is used to convert 1kg of ice at 0°C to water at 0°C. Then, the time T taken for the conversion
(a) decreases with increasing n, with ν fixed
(b) decreases with n fixed, ν increasing
(c) remains constant with n and ν changing such that nν = constant
(d) increases when the product nν increases
Answer:
The answer is the option (a, b. c).Heat energy required to convert 1Kg of ice at
If n is the number of photons incident per second and time t is taken by radiation to
melt the ice at
Then E=n hv t
Or
[m, L and h are constants ] Hence, (a), (b) and (c) are correct.
If nv increases then T decreases ;so (d) isn't correct.
Question:13
A particle moves in a closed orbit around the origin, due to a force which is directed towards the origin. The de-BrOglie wavelength of the particle varies cyclically between two values with
Which of the following statements are true?
(a) The particle could be moving in a circular orbit with origin as centre
(b) The particle could be moving in an elliptic orbit with origin as its focus
(c) When the de-Broglie wavetength is the particle is nearer the origin than when its value is
(d) When the de-Broglie wavelength is the particle is nearer the origin than when its value is
Answer:
The answer is the option (b,d)A particle moving in an elliptic orbit with Origin as the centre can have its de-Broglie wavelength varying between
The particle will have a higher velocity closer to focus.
NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics Solutions Chapter 11 Very Short Answer
Question:14
Answer:
It is given that the proton andsame potential difference so their kinetic energies will be equal.
Question:15
(i) In the explanation of photoeletric effect, we assume one photon of frequency v collides with an electron and transfers its energy. This leads . to the equation for the maximum energy Emax of the emitted electron as
where is the work function of the metal. If an electron absorbs 2 photons (each of frequency v), what will be the maximum energy for the emitted electron?
(ii) Why is this fact (two photon absorption) not taken into consideration in our discussion of the stopping potential?
Answer:
(i) In the question, 2 photons transfer its energy to one electron as E=hvEe=Ep
hve=2hv
ve=2v
v is the frequency
The maximum energy of the emitted electron is Emax=hve -
=h(2v) -
=2hv -
(ii) Due to the mass difference, the probability that the electron absorbs 2 photons is extremely low. Therefore the chances of such emission of electrons is close to negligible.
Question:16
Answer:
With an increase in the wavelength of the photon, there is a decrease in the frequency or increase in the energy of the photon. Let us consider 2 possible cases:- The photons having a smaller wavelength emit photons of smaller energy wherein some of it is consumed against work function. The law of conservation of energy is upheld in this case.
- Photons having a longer wavelength always emit photons with shorter wavelength. Photons having smaller energy can never emit photons of larger energy as some part of energy is consumed in work function of metal. So, it isn’t possible in stable materials.
Question:17
Do all the electrons that absorb a photon comes out as photo electrons?
Answer:
A common observation in the photoelectric effect is that most of the electrons knocked by photons are scattered into the metal by absorbing photons. In order to escape from the surface, the electron must absorb enough energy to overcome the positive ion attraction in the material of the surface.Therefore, not all the electrons that absorb a photon comes out from the metal surface.
NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics Solutions Chapter 11 Short Answer
Question:19
Answer:
There is a transfer of momentum to the atoms on the metal surface when the photons strike the surface. This also results in a decrease in speed of the photons. Thus, the momentum of photons is transferred to the nucleus and electrons of the metal.Although the direction of emission of electrons is opposite to that of photons, the total momentum transferred by them is equal.
Question:22
Answer:
So, the frequency of source B is twice the frequency of source A.
NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics Solutions Chapter 11 Long Answer
Question:25
Answer:
Area (A)=10-2 cm2=10-4m2thickness (t)=10-3m
photo current (i)=100*10-6=10-4A
Intensity (I)=100 W/m2
wavelength (
density (ρNa)=0.97 kg/m3
Avogadro's Number=6*1026Kg atom
Volume of target (V)=A*d=10-4*10-3=10-7m3
MNa (6*1026 atoms of Na)=23 kg
VNa (6*1026 atoms of Na) =
NNa=
Energy of photon=
Total Energy=
Question:26
Answer:

Let us consider the above-given figure wherein an electron is displaced slowly by a distance x by the means of an external force which is given by
Now work done by an external agency in taking the electron from distance d to infinity is
Question:27
(i) Which material A or B has a higher work function?
(ii)Given the electric charge of an electron = 1.6 x 10-19C, find the value of h obtained from the experiment for both A and B. Comment on whether it is consistent with Einstein's theory.
Answer:
We know that(ii) By the differentiation of potential
hv=eV
Differentiating both the sides we get h.dv=edV
Using this formula
For metal A, h=6*10-34Js….(i)
For metal B, h=0.8*10-33…(ii)
Since the value of plank'sconstant is not equal for both the experimental graphs, the experiment inconsistent with Einstein's theory. But the values are very close to 6.6*10-34Js due to experimental limitation and hence can be considered consistent with Einstein theory.
Question:29
Consider a 20 W bulb emitting light of wavelength 5000 and shining on a metal surface kept at a distance 2m. Assume that the metal surface has work function of 2 eV and that each atom on the metal surface can be treated as a circular disk of radius 1.5
.
(i) Estimate no. of photons emitted by the bulb per second. [Assume no other losses]
(ii) Will there be photoelectric emission?
(iii) How much time would be required by the atomic disk to receive energy equal to work function (2 eV)?
(iv) How many photons would atomic disk receive within time duration calculated in (iii) above?
(v) Can you explain how photoelectric effect was observed instantaneously?
Answer:
Given that P=20Wi) Number of photon emitted by bulb per second=
ii Energy of the incident photon=
iii Time required by the atomic disk to recieve energy is=28.4 sec
Let the time spent be
Energy transferred by the bulb in full solid angle to atoms=
(iv) Number of photon received by the atomic disk=N
(iv) We say that photoelectric emission is instantaneous as it involves a collision between the incident photon and free-electron lasting for a very short span of time, say
Main Subtopics Covered in NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics Solutions Chapter 11 Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
- Introduction
- Electron emission
- Photoelectric effect
- Hertz’s observations
- Hallwachs’ and Lenard’s observations
- Experimental study of photoelectric effect
- Effect of intensity of light on Photo current
- Effect of potential on photoelectric current
- Effect of frequency of incident radiation on stopping potential
- Photoelectric effect and wave theory of light
- Einstein’s photoelectric equation: Energy quantum of radiation
- Particle nature of light: The photon
- Wave nature of matter
- Davisson and Germer Experiment
What will the students learn in NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics Solutions Chapter 11?
The students will be able to learn various questions related to different things about the nature of electromagnetic waves and how their nature can help and make the process of different phenomena possible. NCERT Exemplar solutions for Class 12 Physics chapter 11 also deals with various different experimentation used to prove the dual nature of electromagnetic waves which gives the learners an insight on the emergence of such principles and how they were used further for deriving useful knowledge out of it. Learners will also learn about different developments at different periods of time by different people about the nature of electromagnetic waves and their sequence. NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics solutions chapter 11 will also give a lot of knowledge about the wave theory of light, which will enlighten and provide them with a logical explanation for various phenomena happening around them in real life.
NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics Chapter Wise Links
An Overview of Concepts Covered in NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics Solutions Chapter 11 Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter:
- NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics chapter 11 solutions give a brief description about one of the most important experiments done by Hertz in 1887 regarding the photoelectric effect and accorded four crucial observations about the effect of intensity of light on photocurrent, effect to potential on photocurrent, the effect of frequency of incidence on stopping potential and stopping potential doesn’t depend on incident intensity.
- Class 12 Physics NCERT Exemplar solutions chapter 11 also explored the experiment done by Einstein about the photoelectric effect which gave the formula for the kinetic energy required by electrons to leave a metal surface and concluded that the incident frequency should be greater than the threshold frequency of the metal.
- One other observation made in this chapter was the De Broglie hypothesis which ultimately suggested the dual nature of matter which was in agreement with the Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle.
- The lesson concludes with the Davisson and Germer Experiment, which showed the deflection in the galvanometer being proportional to the intensity of the electric bean entering the detector.
NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Solutions
Also, check the NCERT solutions of questions given in book
Also read NCERT Solution subject wise
- NCERT Solution for Class 12 Physics
- NCERT Solution for Class 12 Chemistry
- NCERT Solution for Class 12 Maths
- NCERT Solution for Class 12 Biology
Must read NCERT Notes subject wise
- NCERT Notes for Class 12 Physics
- NCERT Notes for Class 12 Chemistry
- NCERT Notes for Class 12 Maths
- NCERT Notes for Class 12 Biology
Also Check NCERT Books and NCERT Syllabus here:
- NCERT Books Class 12 Physics
- NCERT Syllabus Class 12 Physics
- NCERT Books Class 12
- NCERT Syllabus Class 12
Frequently Asked Question (FAQs) - NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics Solutions Chapter 11 Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
Question: What all things one will learn in this chapter?
Answer:
One will learn in detail about wave theory of light, particle nature of light, photoelectric effect, Davisson and Germer experiment, etc.
Question: How to make most of the solutions?
Answer:
Try to understand the NCERT exemplar solutions for Class 12 Physics chapter 11 and connect them to the topics that one has studied in the chapter.
Question: Are these NCERT exemplar Class 12 Physics solutions chapter 11 downloadable?
Answer:
Yes, one can download these questions so that one uses the solutions offline.
Question: How are these questions solved?
Answer:
These questions are solved keeping in mind the CBSE pattern and how the marks are divided as per the steps.
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Questions related to CBSE Class 12th
i couldnt clear 1st compartment (which held in August 2022) cbse class 12th so can I give improvement in all subjects which to be held on March 2023. tell me a solution i need more than 75% in class 12th
hello,
Yes you can appear for the compartment paper again since CBSE gives three chances to a candidate to clear his/her exams so you still have two more attempts. However, you can appear for your improvement paper for all subjects but you cannot appear for the ones in which you have failed.
I hope this was helpful!
Good Luck
i was not able to clear 1st compartment and now I have to give 2nd compartment so can I give improvement exam next year? plz tell me very much tensed(cbse class 12th)
Hello dear,
If you was not able to clear 1st compartment and now you giving second compartment so YES, you can go for your improvement exam next year but if a student receives an improvement, they are given the opportunity to retake the boards as a private candidate the following year, but there are some requirements. First, the student must pass all of their subjects; if they received a compartment in any subject, they must then pass the compartment exam before being eligible for the improvement.
As you can registered yourself as private candidate for giving your improvement exam of 12 standard CBSE(Central Board of Secondary Education).For that you have to wait for a whole year which is bit difficult for you.
Positive side of waiting for whole year is you have a whole year to preparing yourself for your examination. You have no distraction or something which may causes your failure in the exams. In whole year you have to stay focused on your 12 standard examination for doing well in it. By this you get a highest marks as a comparison of others.
Believe in Yourself! You can make anything happen
All the very best.
if i am giving improvement in one subject this year, will i be able to give improvement in more subjects next year?
Hello Student,
I appreciate your Interest in education. See the improvement is not restricted to one subject or multiple subjects and we cannot say if improvement in one subject in one year leads to improvement in more subjects in coming year.
You just need to have a revision of all subjects what you have completed in the school. have a revision and practice of subjects and concepts helps you better.
All the best.
I got an RT for 2 subjects, so do I have to give exams for all the subjects in the coming year or just the 2. pls help me
Hi,
You just need to give the exams for the concerned two subjects in which you have got RT. There is no need to give exam for all of your subjects, you can just fill the form for the two subjects only.
I will have my boards in Feb 2023 (Class 12) and I still havent completed 1 chapter in any subject (Physics, chemistry and maths) , My 11th concepts are not that great but its okish, I wanted to know that If I do start studying from 15th of August Can I get above 85?
If you'll do hard work then by hard work of 6 months you can achieve your goal but you have to start studying for it dont waste your time its a very important year so please dont waste it otherwise you'll regret.