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Did you know gas molecules are always moving and bumping into each other—even if we can't see them? This chapter helps you understand how gases really work and what’s going on inside things like balloons and tyres!
Chapter 13 – Kinetic Theory is about understanding how gases behave and how their molecules move around. You’ll explore both the big-picture (macroscopic) view and the tiny-particle (microscopic) view of gases. At first, the chapter might feel a bit tricky, but with the help of NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Physics Chapter 13 Solutions, it becomes much easier to understand and remember.
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The chapter covers kinetic theory of gases, the laws of ideal gases, important postulates and assumptions, and why real gases sometimes don’t behave as expected (non-ideal behavior). It also covers how temperature, pressure, and energy affect gas molecules moving in a container.
Question:13.1
A cubic vessel (with face horizontal + vertical) contains an ideal gas at NTP. The vessel is being carried by a rocket which is moving at a speed of
(a) remains the same because
(b) remains the same because the motion of the vessel as a whole does not affect the relative motion of the gas molecules and the walls.
(c) will increase by a factor equal to
(d) will be different on the top wall and bottom wall of the vessel.
Answer:
The answer is option (b)Question:13.2
1 mole of an ideal gas is contained in a cubical volume V, ABCDEFGH, at 300 K (figure). One face of the cube (EFGH) is made up of a material that totally absorbs any gas molecule incident on it. At any given time,
(a) The pressure on EFGH would be zero
(b) The pressure on all the faces will be equal
(c) The pressure of EFGH would be double the pressure on ABCD
(d) The pressure on EFGH would be half that on ABCD
Answer:
The answer is option (d)Question:13.3
Boyle’s law is applicable for an
(a) adiabatic process
(b) isothermal process
(c) isobaric process
(d) isochoric process
Answer:
The answer is the option (b)Question:13.4
A cylinder containing an ideal gas is in a vertical position and has a piston of mass M that is able to move up or down without friction ( figure). If the temperature is increased
(a) both P and V of the gas will change
(b) the only P will increase according to Charles’ law
(c) V will change but not P
(d) P will change but not V
Answer:
The answer is option (c)Question:13.5
Volume versus temperature graphs for a given mass of an ideal gas is shown in the figure. At two different values of constant pressure. What can be inferred about the relation between
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d) Data is insufficient
Answer:
The answer is the option (a)Question:13.6
1 mole of
(a) same as the pressure initially
(b) 2 times the pressure initially
(c) 10 times the pressure initially
(d) 20 times the pressure initially
Answer:
The answer is option (d)Question:13.7
A vessel of volume V contains a mixture of 1 mole of hydrogen and 1 mole of oxygen (both considered as ideal). Let
(a)
(b)
(c) neither
(d)
Answer:
The correct answer is option (b)Question:13.8
An inflated rubber balloon contains one mole of an ideal gas and has a pressure P., volume V, and temperature T. If the temperature rises to 1.1 T and the volume is increased to 1.05 V, the final pressure will be
(a) 1.1 P
(b) P
(c) less than P
(d) between P and 1.1
Answer:
The correct answer is option (d)Question:13.9
ABCDEFGH is a hollow cube made of an insulator (figure) Face ABCD has a positive charge on it. Inside the cube, we have ionised hydrogen.
The usual kinetic theory expression for pressure
(a) will be valid
(b) will not be valid since the ions would experience forces other than due to collisions with the walls
(c) will not be valid since collisions with walls would not be elastic
(d) will not be valid because isotropy is lost
Answer:
The correct answer is option (b) and (d)Question:13.10
Diatomic molecules like hydrogen have energies due to both translational as well as rotational motion. From the equation in kinetic theory
(a) the total energy per unit volume
(b) only the translational part of energy because rotational energy is very small compared to the translational energy
(c) only the translational part of the energy because during collisions with the wall, pressure relates to change in linear momentum
(d) the translational part of the energy because rotational energies of molecules can be of either sign and its average over all the molecules is zero
Answer:
The correct answer is option (c)Question:13.11
In a diatomic molecule, the rotational energy at a given temperature
(a) obeys Maxwell’s distribution
(b) have the same value for all molecules
(c) equals the translational kinetic energy for each molecule
(d) is
Answer:
The correct answer is the options (a) and (d)Question:13.12
Which of the following diagrams (figure) depicts ideal gas behavior?
Answer:
The correct answer is options (a) and (c)Question:10.13
When an ideal gas is compressed adiabatically, its temperature rises, and the molecules on the average have more kinetic energy than before. The kinetic energy increases,
(a) because of collisions with moving parts of the wall only
(b) because of collisions with the entire wall
(c) because the molecules get accelerated in their motion inside the volume
(d) because of the redistribution of energy amongst the molecules
Answer:
The correct answer is option (a)Question:13.14
Calculate the number of atoms in 39.4 g of gold. The molar mass of gold is 197 g mole-1.
Answer:
Number of atoms on 197 g gold =Question:13.15
The volume of a given mass of a gas at
Answer:
Let,Question:13.16
Answer:
Question:13.17
Answer:
Question:13.18
Answer:
Degree of freedom is necessary to be known if we need to find the total energy of a particular molecule.Question:13.19
Answer:
Mean free path formula,Question:13.20
Answer:
According to the ideal gas situation, we have PV = nRTQuestion:13.21
Answer:
Question:13.22
Answer:
The volume of a sphere = the volume of one moleculeQuestion:13.23
Answer:
The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas at a constant temperature as stated by Boyle’s law. When air is continuously pumped inside the tyre, the number of moles of gas (i.e. the mass of the gas) increases. Since Boyle’s law is only applicable for a constant mass of gas, it will not hold true in this case.Question:13.24
A balloon has 5.0 mole of helium at
(a) the number of atoms of helium in the balloon.
(b) the total internal energy of the system.
Answer:
Helium gas, n = 5 moles and T = 280 KQuestion:13.25
Calculate the number of degrees of freedom of molecules of hydrogen in 1 cc of hydrogen gas at NTP.
Answer:
Degree of freedom of H2 molecule = 3 translational degree of freedom + 2 rotational degree of freedom = 5.Question:13.26
Answer:
Since the gas is monoatomic, only translational degree of freedom will be applicable. KE per molecule =Question:13.27
Explain why
(a) there is no atmosphere on the moon.
(b) there is a fall in temperature with altitude.
Answer:
a) The acceleration on the moon due to gravity is one-sixth that of EarthQuestion:13.28
Consider an ideal gas with the following distribution of speeds.
Speed | % of molecules |
200 | 10 |
400 | 20 |
600 | 40 |
800 | 20 |
1000 | 10 |
Answer:
(i)Question:13.29
Answer:
The motion of molecules in a confined space can be considered a plane. Mean free path λ can be considered as distance travelled by molecules between two planes to avoid any collision, time = distance/speedQuestion:13.3
Answer:
Let v1 = volume of box = 1 m3Question:13.31
Answer:
We assume ‘p’ to be the number of molecules per unit volume. Hence ‘p’ is the per unit volume molecular density. Let v be the velocity of gas molecules.NCERT questions are super important if you want to score well in your school exams and also do great in entrance exams like JEE or NEET.
We’ve solved all the questions from the main exercise based on the CBSE pattern and marking scheme, so you’ll know exactly how to write answers that get full marks.
You can also download the NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Physics Chapter 13 Solutions PDF and study anytime, even without the internet. Just click the link, and you’re good to go!
NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Physics Chapter 13 – Kinetic Theory of Gases covers important topics like the behaviour of gases, ideal gas laws, kinetic theory postulates, and non-ideal gas behaviour. It also explains how temperature, pressure, and molecular motion are all connected. These topics help build a strong base for both exams and a real-world understanding of gases.
The Kinetic Theory of Gases chapter is based on a cool idea: gas molecules are super tiny and far apart, and they keep moving around randomly, bouncing off each other and the container walls. This random movement—affected by temperature, pressure, and other factors—helps explain the physical properties of gases. In this chapter, you’ll learn about the kinetic theory and its postulates and assumptions (like gases are made of particles, particles have no volume, and they don’t attract or repel each other). There are about 9 main assumptions to understand.
Here are some important topics you should focus on from NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Physics Chapter 13 – Kinetic Theory of Gases:
Postulates and assumptions of kinetic theory (like gas particles have zero volume and no forces between them).
All the major gas laws – Boyle’s law, Charles’s law, Avogadro’s law, and Graham’s law of diffusion.
Concepts of pressure, temperature, and molecular motion and how they relate.
The ideal gas equation and the difference between ideal and real gases.
Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution law – how gas particles are spread based on energy and velocity (important for exams!).
Chapter 1 | Units and Measurement |
Chapter 2 | Motion in a straight line |
Chapter 3 | Motion in a Plane |
Chapter 4 | Laws of Motion |
Chapter 5 | Work, Energy and Power |
Chapter 6 | System of Particles and Rotational motion |
Chapter 7 | Gravitation |
Chapter 8 | Mechanical Properties of Solids |
Chapter 9 | Mechanical Properties of Fluids |
Chapter 10 | Thermal Properties of Matter |
Chapter 11 | Thermodynamics |
Chapter 12 | Kinetic Theory |
Chapter 13 | Oscillations |
Chapter 14 | Waves |
Our solutions are detailed and created most exhaustively, and this will help in understanding the topic, solving questions, and is also learning how to answer questions in the exam.
Yes, these NCERT exemplar class 11 physics solutions chapter 13 are as per the CBSE pattern, as they are solved step by step and according to the marking scheme.
Yes, it builds strong basics about gases, the motion of molecules, and gas laws—topics that are often asked in competitive exams.
Some important ones include the following: gas is made of particles, they have negligible volume, there are no forces between them, and they move randomly in all directions.
It's a theory that explains the behaviour of gases by assuming they are made of tiny, fast-moving particles (molecules) that collide with each other and the container walls.
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