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The NCERT Solutions to Class 11 Physics Thermodynamics are aimed to help students grasp the core of knowledge offered in this chapter perfectly as they form the basis of their future educational achievements. All these solutions are well within the CBSE standards and of great help in building up good conceptual knowledge which is the only way to get through board examination as well as in entrance exams like JEE Main and NEET. With the assistance of NCERT solutions, students are in a position to sharpen their analytical thinking skills, clarify confusion about some of the tricky concept, and acquire the confidence needed in answering complex questions in competitive examinations.
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Ever wondered how your geyser heats water or how steam powers a train? That is the magic of thermodynamics with our step by step NCERT solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 11, you will understand how heat turns into work and vice versa. These Thermodynamics Class 11 NCERT solutions make tough concepts simple and help boost your exam confidence!
The NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 11 Thermodynamics give well-elaborated and step-wise Solutions to all questions in the textbook, thereby enabling the student to solidify his/her knowledge of the specific subject. The best part about this solution is that it is better suited when preparing to write exams, and it is in the form of an easy to download PDF file that can be revised quickly and at any time it is required.
Answer:
The volumetric flow of water is
Density of water = 1000 g/litre
The mass flow rate of water is
Specific heat of water, c = 4.2 J g-1 oC-1
The rise in temperature is
The rate of energy consumption will be
The heat of combustion of fuel
The rate of consumption of fuel is
Answer:
Mass of nitrogen,
Molar Mass of nitrogen, MN = 28 g
The number of moles is n
As nitrogen is a diatomic gas, it's molar specific heat at constant pressure CP is as follows
Rise in temperature,
The amount of heat Q that must be supplied is
Answer:
As we know, heat will flow from the hotter body to the colder body till their temperatures become equal. That temperature will be equal to the mean of the initial temperatures of the bodies only if the two thermal capacities of the two bodies are equal.
Answer:
The coolant should have high specific heat so that it can absorb large amounts of heat without itself getting too hot and its temperature lies in the permissible region. The higher the specific heat, the more heat will be absorbed by the same amount of the material for a given increase in temperature.
Q11.3(c) Explain why air pressure in a car tyre increases during driving.
Answer:
As the car is driven, the air inside the tyre heats due to frictional forces. Thus, the temperature of the air inside the tyre increases and this, in turn, increases the pressure inside the tyre.
Answer:
The climate of a harbour town is more temperate than that of a town in a desert at the same latitude because of the formation of sea breezes.
Answer:
As the walls of the cylinder and the piston are insulated, the process will be adiabatic. i.e.
Hydrogen is a diatomic gas and therefore
Let the initial and final pressure be P1 and P2, respectively.
Let the initial and final volume be V1 and V2, respectively.
The pressure thus increases by a factor 2.639
Q11.5 In changing the state of a gas adiabatically from an equilibrium state A to another equilibrium state B, an amount of work equal to 22.3 J is done on the system. If the gas is taken from state A to B via a process in which the net heat absorbed by the system is 9.35 cal, how much is the net work done by the system in the latter case ? (Take
Answer:
In the first case, the process is adiabatic, i.e.
22.3 J work is done on the system, i.e.
Since in the latter process as well,l the initial and final states are the same as those in the former process,
In the latter case, the net heat absorbed by the system is 9.35 cal
The network done by the system in the latter case is 17.0 J
(a) What is the final pressure of the gas in A and B ?
(b) What is the change in the internal energy of the gas?
(c) What is the change in the temperature of the gas?
Answer:
As the entire system is thermally insulated and as free expansion will be taking place the temperature of the gas remains the same. Therefore PV is constant.
Initial Pressure P1 = 1 atm
Initial Volume, V1 = V
Final Volume, V2 = 2V
Final Pressure P2 will be
The final pressure of the gas in A and B is 0.5 atm.
b) Since the temperature of the gas does not change, its internal energy would also remain the same.
c) As the entire system is thermally insulated and as free expansion will be taking place the temperature of the gas remains the same.
d) The intermediate states of the system do not lie on its P-V-T surface as the process is a free expansion, it is rapid and the intermediate states are non-equilibrium states.
Answer:
The rate at which heat is supplied
The rate at which work is done
The rate of change of internal energy is
The internal energy of the system is increasing at a rate of 25 J s-1
Its volume is then reduced to the original value from E to F by an isobaric process. Calculate the total work done by the gas from D to E to F
Answer:
The work done by the gas as it goes from state D to E to F is equal to the area of triangle DEF
DF is change in pressure = 300 N m-2
FE is change in Volume = 3 m3
The work done is, therefore, 450 J.
Q.1 Three moles of an ideal gas being initially at a temperature
Answer:
where
As
Putting the values
(Given n' = 3, n = 5)
Hence, the answer is 1.4.
Q.2 In a pressure cooker, a sample of hydrogen gas was at a pressure of 1 atm. The volume of the cooker is 500 mL and mass of the cooker whistle is 100 g and it has a cross-section area of
a) The final temperature of the gas if the gas can lift the whistle, is 327°C
b) The final temperature of the gas if the gas can lift the whistle, is 227°C
c) The pressure required to lift the whistle is
d) The pressure required to lift the whistle is
Answer:
The initial temperature of hydrogen,
Initial pressure of hydrogen,
As the volume is constant, we can use Gay Lussac's law:
Hence, the answer is the option (a),(c).
Q.3 The volume of a gas is compressed adiabatically from state
Answer:
In adiabatic process
Work done in adiabatic process,
Work done in the isothermal process,
Difference in work done
Q.4 1 mole of helium expands with temperature according to the relation
a) 1080.30
b) 1120.32
c) 1200
d) 1150.20
Answer:
Hence, the answer is the option (a).
Q.5. A diatomic ideal gas is heated at constant volume until the pressure is doubled and again heated at constant pressure until volume is doubled. The average molar heat capacity for the whole process is
Answer:
Let initial pressure, volume and temperature be
Total heat absorbed by 1 mole of gas
Total change in temperature from state A to C is:
Hence, the answer is 1.
In Class 11 Physics, in Chapter 11, Thermodynamics, concepts of the motion of heat and the connection of heat, work and energy are given. It describes such concepts as internal energy, first law of thermodynamics, heat engines, and second law.
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Thermal Equilibrium
11.3 Zeroth Law Of Thermodynamics
11.4 Heat, Internal Energy And Work
11.5 First Law Of Thermodynamics
11.6 Specific Heat Capacity
11.7Thermodynamic State Variables And Equation Of State
11.8 Thermodynamic Processes
11.8.1 Quasi-Static Process
11.8.2 Isothermal Process
11.8.3 Adiabatic Process
11.8.4 Isochoric Process
11.8.5 Isobaric Process
11.8.6 Cyclic Process
11.9 Second Law Of Thermodynamics
11.10 Reversible And Irreversible Processes
11.11 Carnot Engine
The important formulae from NCERT Class 11 Physics Chapter 11: Thermodynamics, which are essential for solving problems and understanding key concepts related to heat, work, and energy:
Where:
(For ideal gas,
Where
For ideal gas:
Where
For monoatomic gas:
Where
Where
The following is a speedy comparison table of how to prepare only in NCERT and how it is supposed to also be in addition to entering JEE/NEET relevant to the understanding of the students of which additional efforts are necessary to do better in such exams which are very competitive in nature.
If you have any queries or uncertainties that are not addressed in the class 11 physics chapter 11 exercise solutions or any other chapter, you can contact us. You will get answers to your questions, which can aid you in achieving better scores in your exams.
One question from Class 11 chapter Thermodynamics is expected for JEE Main. Students should practice previous year papers of JEE Main to get a good score.
Two questions from class 11 chapter Thermodynamics is expected for NEET. The competition level of NEET exam is very high. So practicing more questions is important. To practice more questions refer to NCERT exemplar and NEET previous year papers
Yes, the concepts of thermodynamics are used in various fields of Engineering and Science. Not only Thermodynamics chapter, all the chapters in NCERT book are basics of some field of higher studies.
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