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NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 14 Oscillations hold great significance in the Class 11 curriculum. On this Careers360 page of NCERT solutions , you'll find comprehensive ch 14 physics class 11 ncert solutions crafted by experts, presented in a clear and straightforward manner. This resource covers a total of 25 questions, encompassing exercises from 14.1 to 14.19, and 14.20 to 14.25 in the additional exercise section. The oscillation exercise class 12 solutions are conveniently available in PDF format, allowing students to access and download them for free whenever they require assistance.
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Problems with motion along a straight line, motion in a plane, projectile motion, etc. were discussed in the previous chapters. NCERT Physics chapter 14 Oscillations Class 11 solutions explains problems on periodic and oscillatory motions. The motion which repeats after a certain interval of time is called periodic motion. For example, the motion of a planet around the sun, the motion of pendulum of a wall clock etc are periodic. To and fro periodic motion about a mean position is known as oscillatory motion.
CBSE NCERT solutions for Class 11 Physics chapter 14 Oscillations have questions on simple harmonic motion (SHM). SHM is the simplest form of oscillatory motion. In SHM the force on the oscillating body is directly proportional to the displacement about the mean position and is directed towards the mean position. Oscillation chapter class 11 solution are an important tool to score well in the exams and also they are useful if you want to study other subjects of other classes as well. The concept studied in NCERT becomes easy to understand with the help of NCERT solutions for class 11.
This chapter has been renumbered as Chapter 13 in accordance with the CBSE Syllabus 2023–24.
Free download ch 14 physics class 11 ncert solutions PDF for CBSE exam.
Q. 14.1 Which of the following examples represent periodic motion?
(a) A swimmer completing one (return) trip from one bank of a river to the other and bank.
(b) A freely suspended bar magnet displaced from its N-S direction and released.
(c) A hydrogen molecule rotating about its centre of mass.
(d) An arrow released from a bow
Answer:
(a) The motion is not periodic though it is to and fro.
(b) The motion is periodic.
(c) The motion is periodic.
(d) The motion is not periodic.
Q. 14.2 Which of the following examples represent (nearly) simple harmonic motion and which represent periodic but not simple harmonic motion?
(a) the rotation of earth about its axis.
(b) motion of an oscillating mercury column in a U-tube.
(c) motion of a ball bearing inside a smooth curved bowl, when released from a point slightly above the lower most point.
(d) general vibrations of a polyatomic molecule about its equilibrium position.
Answer:
(a) Periodic but not S.H.M.
(b) S.H.M.
(c) S.H.M.
(d) Periodic but not S.H.M.M [A polyatomic molecule has a number of natural frequencies, so its vibration is a superposition of SHM’s of a number of different frequencies. This is periodic but not SHM]
Q .14.3 Fig. 14.23 depicts four x-t plots for linear motion of a particle. Which of the plots represent periodic motion? What is the period of motion (in case of periodic motion)?
Answer:
The x-t plots for linear motion of a particle in Fig. 14.23 (b) and (d) represent periodic motion with both having a period of motion of two seconds.
Q. 14.4 (a) Which of the following functions of time represent
(a) simple harmonic, (b) periodic but not simple harmonic, and (c) non-periodic motion? Give period for each case of periodic motion ( is any positive constant):
(a)
Answer:
Since the above function is of form it represents SHM with a time period of
(b)
Answer:
The two functions individually represent SHM but their superposition does not give rise to SHM but the motion will definitely be periodic with a period of
(c)
Answer:
The function represents SHM with a period of
Q. 14.4 (c)Which of the following functions of time represent (a) simple harmonic, (b) periodic but not simple harmonic, and (c) non-periodic motion? Give period for each case of periodic motion ( is any positive constant): (c)(d)
Answer:
Here each individual functions are SHM. But superposition is not SHM. The function represents periodic motion but not SHM.
(e)
Answer:
The given function is exponential and therefore does not represent periodic motion.
(f)
Answer:
The given function does not represent periodic motion.
(a) at the end A,
Answer:
Velocity is zero. Force and acceleration are in the positive direction.
(b) at the end ,
Answer:
Velocity is zero. Acceleration and force are negative.
(c) at the mid-point of AB going towards ,
Answer:
Velocity is negative that is towards A and its magnitude is maximum. Acceleration and force are zero.
(d) at away from going towards ,
Answer:
Velocity is negative. Acceleration and force are also negative.
(e) at away from going towards , and
Answer:
Velocity is positive. Acceleration and force are also positive.
(f) at away from going towards
Answer:
Velocity, acceleration and force all are negative
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer:
Only the relation given in (c) represents simple harmonic motion as the acceleration is proportional in magnitude to the displacement from the midpoint and its direction is opposite to that of the displacement from the mean position.
Q. 14.7 The motion of a particle executing simple harmonic motion is described by the displacement function,
If the initial position of the particle is and its initial velocity is what are its amplitude and initial phase angle ? The angular frequency of the particle is If instead of the cosine function, we choose the sine function to describe the SHM : what are the amplitude and initial phase of the particle with the above initial conditions.
Answer:
at t = 0
at t = 0
Squaring and adding equation (i) and (ii) we get
Dividing equation (ii) by (i) we get
at t = 0
at t = 0
Squaring and adding equation (iii) and (iv) we get
Dividing equation (iii) by (iv) we get
Answer:
Spring constant of the spring is given by
The time period of a spring attached to a body of mass m is given by
Determine
(i) the frequency of oscillations,
Answer:
The frequency of oscillation of an object of mass m attached to a spring of spring constant k is given by
Determine
(ii) maximum acceleration of the mass, and
Answer:
A body executing S.H.M experiences maximum acceleration at the extreme points
(F A = Force experienced by body at displacement A from mean position)
Determine
(iii) the maximum speed of the mass.
Answer:
Maximum speed occurs at the mean position and is given by
(a) at the mean position,
In what way do these functions for SHM differ from each other, in frequency, in amplitude or the initial phase?
Answer:
Amplitude is A = 0.02 m
Time period is
(a) At t = 0 the mass is at mean position i.e. at t = 0, x = 0
Here x is in metres and t is in seconds.
(b) at the maximum stretched position,
In what way do these functions for SHM differ from each other, in frequency, in amplitude or the initial phase?
Answer:
Amplitude is A = 0.02 m
Time period is
(b) At t = 0 the mass is at the maximum stretched position.
x(0) = A
Here x is in metres and t is in seconds.
(c) at the maximum compressed position.
In what way do these functions for SHM differ from each other, in frequency, in amplitude or the initial phase?
Answer:
Amplitude is A = 0.02 m
Time period is
(c) At t = 0 the mass is at the maximum compressed position.
x(0) = -A
Here x is in metres and t is in seconds.
The above functions differ only in the initial phase and not in amplitude or frequency.
Obtain the corresponding simple harmonic motions of the x-projection of the radius vector of the revolving particle P, in each case.
Answer:
(a) Let the required function be
Amplitude = 3 cm = 0.03 m
T = 2 s
Since initial position x(t) = 0,
As the sense of revolution is clock wise
Here x is in metres and t is in seconds.
(b)Let the required function be
Amplitude = 2 m
T = 4 s
Since initial position x(t) = -A,
As the sense of revolution is anti-clock wise
Here x is in metres and t is in seconds.
(a)
Answer:
The initial position of the particle is x(0)
The radius of the circle i.e. the amplitude is 2 cm
The angular speed of the rotating particle is
Initial phase is
The reference circle for the given simple Harmonic motion is
(b)
Answer:
The initial position of the particle is x(0)
The radius of the circle i.e. the amplitude is 1 cm
The angular speed of the rotating particle is
Initial phase is
The reference circle for the given simple Harmonic motion is
(c)
Answer:
At t= 0
Reference circle is as follows
Oscillations Excercise:
Question:
(d)
Answer:
The initial position of the particle is x(0)
The radius of the circle i.e. the amplitude is 2 cm
The angular speed of the rotating particle is
Initial phase is
The reference circle for the given simple Harmonic motion is
Q. 14.13 (a) Figure 14.30
(b) is stretched by the same force F.
(a) What is the maximum extension of the spring in the two cases?
Answer:
(a) Let us assume the maximum extension produced in the spring is x.
At maximum extension
(b) Let us assume the maximum extension produced in the spring is x. That is x/2 due to force towards left and x/2 due to force towards right
Oscillations Excercise:
Question:
(b) If the mass in Fig. (a) and the two masses in Fig. (b) are released, what is the period of oscillation in each case?
Answer:
(b).(a) In Fig, (a) we have
F=-kx
ma=-kx
(b) In fig (b) the two equal masses will be executing SHM about their centre of mass. The time period of the system would be equal to a single object of same mass m attached to a spring of half the length of the given spring (or undergoing half the extension of the given spring while applied with the same force)
Spring constant of such a spring would be 2k
F=-2kx
ma=-2kx
Answer:
Amplitude of SHM = 0.5 m
angular frequency is
If the equation of SHM is given by
The velocity would be given by
The maximum speed is therefore
Answer:
The time period of a simple pendulum of length l executing S.H.M is given by
g e = 9.8 m s -2
g m = 1.7 m s -2
The time period of the pendulum on the surface of Earth is T e = 3.5 s
The time period of the pendulum on the surface of the moon is T m
Q. 14.16 (a) Answer the following questions :
(a) Time period of a particle in SHM depends on the force constant k and mass m of the particle:
Answer:
In case of spring, the spring constant is independent of the mass attached whereas in case of a pendulum k is proportional to m making k/m constant and thus the time period comes out to be independent of the mass of the body attached.
Q. 14.16 (b) Answer the following questions :
Answer:
In reaching the result we have assumed sin(x/l)=x/l. This assumption is only true for very small values of x . Therefore it is obvious that once x takes larger values we will have deviations from the above-mentioned value.
Q. 14.16 (c) Answer the following questions :
Answer:
The watch must be using an electrical circuit or a spring system to tell the time and therefore free falling would not affect the time his watch predicts.
Q. 14.16 (d) Answer the following questions :
Answer:
While free falling the effective value of g inside the cabin will be zero and therefore the frequency of oscillation of a simple pendulum would be zero i.e. it would not vibrate at all because of the absence of a restoring force.
Answer:
Acceleration due to gravity = g (in downwards direction)
Centripetal acceleration due to the circular movement of the car = a c
(in the horizontal direction)
Effective acceleration is
The time period is T'
Show that the cork oscillates up and down simple harmonically with a period where is the density of cork. (Ignore damping due to viscosity of the liquid).
Answer:
Let the cork be displaced by a small distance x in downwards direction from its equilibrium position where it is floating.
The extra volume of fluid displaced by the cork is Ax
Taking the downwards direction as positive we have
Comparing with a=-kx we have
Answer:
Let the height of each mercury column be h.
The total length of mercury in both the columns = 2h.
Let the cross-sectional area of the mercury column be A.
Let the density of mercury be
When either of the mercury columns dips by a distance x, the total difference between the two columns becomes 2x.
Weight of this difference is
This weight drives the rest of the entire column to the original mean position.
Let the acceleration of the column be a Since the force is restoring
which is the equation of a body executing S.H.M
The time period of the oscillation would be
Answer:
Let the initial volume and pressure of the chamber be V and P.
Let the ball be pressed by a distance x.
This will change the volume by an amount ax.
Let the change in pressure be
Let the Bulk's modulus of air be K.
This pressure variation would try to restore the position of the ball.
Since force is restoring in nature displacement and acceleration due to the force would be in different directions.
The above is the equation of a body executing S.H.M.
The time period of the oscillation would be
(a) the spring constant
Answer:
Mass of automobile (m) = 3000 kg
There are a total of four springs.
Compression in each spring, x = 15 cm = 0.15 m
Let the spring constant of each spring be k
(b) the damping constant b for the spring and shock absorber system of one wheel, assuming that each wheel supports .
Answer:
The amplitude of oscillation decreases by 50 % in one oscillation i.e. in one time period.
For damping factor b we have
x=x 0 /2
t=0.77s
m=750 kg
Answer:
Let the equation of oscillation be given by
Velocity would be given as
Kinetic energy at an instant is given by
Time Period is given by
The Average Kinetic Energy would be given as follows
The potential energy at an instant T is given by
The Average Potential Energy would be given by
We can see K av = U av
Answer:
Moment of Inertia of the disc about the axis passing through its centre and perpendicular to it is
The period of Torsional oscillations would be
(a)
Answer:
A = 5 cm = 0.05 m
T = 0.2 s
At displacement x acceleration is
At displacement x velocity is
(a)At displacement 5 cm
(b)
Answer:
A = 5 cm = 0.05 m
T = 0.2 s
At displacement x acceleration is
At displacement x velocity is
(a)At displacement 3 cm
(c)
Answer:
A = 5 cm = 0.05 m
T = 0.2 s
At displacement x acceleration is
At displacement x velocity is
(a)At displacement 0 cm
Answer:
At the maximum extension of spring, the entire energy of the system would be stored as the potential energy of the spring.
Let the amplitude be A
The angular frequency of a spring-mass system is always equal to
Therefore
oscillations class 11 ncert solutions cover the theory and applications of the concept that any material medium can be represented as a collection of many interconnected oscillators, forming a medium of waves. The chapter explains this concept in detail.
When using the oscillations ncert solutions, students will gain an understanding of the various factors that impact the movement of an object. These factors include period, frequency, harmonic motion, and uniform circular motion.class 11 physics chapter 14 ncert solutions offers a comprehensive study of these important topics, including details such as systems that execute harmonic motion, like springs, forced oscillations, force laws, velocity, and more. The solutions have been prepared with careful attention to even the smallest details, in order to provide students with a thorough understanding of the subject matter.
Chapter 1 | |
Chapter 2 | |
Chapter 3 | |
Chapter 4 | |
Chapter 5 | |
Chapter 6 | |
Chapter 7 | |
Chapter 8 | |
Chapter 9 | |
Chapter 10 | |
Chapter 11 | |
Chapter 12 | |
Chapter 13 | |
Chapter 14 | Oscillations |
Chapter 15 |
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Periodic and oscillatory motions
14.3 Simple harmonic motion
14.4 Simple harmonic motion and uniform circular motion
14.5 Velocity and acceleration in simple harmonic motion
14.6 Force law for simple harmonic motion
14.7 Energy in simple harmonic motion
14.8 Some systems executing simple harmonic motion
14.9 Damped simple harmonic motion
14.10 Forced oscillations and resonance
Other types of oscillatory motions that are discussed in the Oscillations Class 11 Chapter 14 are damped oscillations and forced oscillations. In damped oscillation, as the name indicates the oscillation gets damped after an interval of time.
We have seen the oscillation of a pendulum, this oscillation will be damped unless an external force is applied to maintain the oscillation. Such maintained oscillation due to an external agency is called forced or driven oscillations.
On an average 6.67 % of questions from oscillation and waves are asked for JEE Mains. Most of the previous JEE mains questions from oscillation asked are from topics SHM and simple pendulum. For NEET exam 2 questions are expected from oscillation. The CBSE NCERT solutions for Class 11 Physics chapter 14 Oscillations will help to score well in Class 11 and competitive exams.
Comprehensive Coverage: These ch 14 physics class 11 ncert solutions cover all the important topics and questions presented in the chapter, ensuring a thorough understanding of oscillatory motion.
Exercise and Additional Exercise Solutions: Detailed solutions for oscillation exercise class 12 questions (14.1 to 14.19) and additional exercise questions (14.20 to 14.25) are provided, facilitating practice and self-assessment.
Clarity and Simplicity: The oscillation chapter class 11 solutions are explained in clear and simple language, making complex concepts more accessible to students.
Problem-Solving Skills: By practising with these solutions, students develop strong problem-solving skills, which are essential in physics and other subjects.
Exam Preparation: These solutions are designed to help students prepare effectively for their exams, including board exams and competitive exams like JEE and NEET.
NCERT solutions for class 11 Subject wise
From the NCERT chapter oscillations, two questions can be expected for NEET exam. For more questions solve NEET previous year papers.
Yes, oscillation is important for JEE Main. One or two question can be expected from oscillations for JEE Main. It is one of the important chapter for scholarship exams like KVPY and NSEP. To solve more problems on Oscillations refer to NCERT book, NCERT exemplar and JEE main previous year papers.
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