NCERT Solutions for Exercise 7.5 Class 12 Maths Chapter 7

NCERT Solutions for Exercise 7.5 Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 - Integrals

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NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Exercise 7.5

NCERT Solutions for Exercise 7.5 Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Integrals are discussed here. These NCERT solutions are created by subject matter expert at Careers360 considering the latest syllabus and pattern of CBSE 2023-24. NCERT solutions for Class 12 Maths chapter 7 exercise 7.5 deals with some of the functions which are not discussed yet in earlier exercises. It includes rational functions and advanced levels of logarithmic functions. If students practice this NCERT book exercise diligently, they can attain a good level of understanding of Integrals. Exercise 7.5 Class 12 Maths questions can be seen verbatim in CBSE board examinations. NCERT solutions for Class 12 Maths chapter 7 exercise 7.5 along with some in text examples is recommended to be solved .

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Integrals Class 12 Chapter 7 Exercise: 7.5

Question:1 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{x }{( x +1)( x+2)}$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{x }{( x +1)( x+2)}$

Partial function of this function:

$\frac{x }{( x +1)( x+2)} = \frac{A}{(x+1)}+\frac{B}{(x+2)}$

$\implies x = A(x+2)+B(x+1)$

Now, equating the coefficients of x and constant term, we obtain

$A+B =1$

$2A+B =0$

On solving, we get

$A=-1\ and\ B =2$

$\therefore \frac{x}{(x+1)(x+2)} = \frac{-1}{(x+1)}+\frac{2}{(x+2)}$

$\implies \int \frac{x}{(x+1)(x+2)} dx =\int \frac{-1}{(x+1)}+\frac{2}{(x+2)} dx$

$=-\log|x+1| +2\log|x+2| +C$

$=\log(x+2)^2-\log|x+1|+C$

$=\log\frac{(x+2)^2}{(x+1)}+C$

Question:2 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{1}{x^2 -9 }$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{1}{x^2 -9 }$

The partial function of this function:

$\frac{1}{(x+3)(x-3)}= \frac{A}{(x+3)}+\frac{B}{(x-3)}$

$1 = A(x-3)+B(x+3)$

Now, equating the coefficients of x and constant term, we obtain

$A+B =1$

$-3A+3B =1$

On solving, we get

$A=-\frac{1}{6}\ and\ B =\frac{1}{6}$

$\frac{1}{(x+3)(x-3)}= \frac{-1}{6(x+3)} +\frac{1}{6(x-3)}$

$\int \frac{1}{(x^2-9)}dx = \int \left ( \frac{-1}{6(x+3)}+\frac{1}{6(x-3)} \right )dx$

$=-\frac{1}{6}\log|x+3| +\frac{1}{6}\log|x-3| +C$

$= \frac{1}{6}\log\left | \frac{x-3}{x+3} \right |+C$

Question:3 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{3x -1}{( x-1)(x-2)(x-3)}$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{3x -1}{( x-1)(x-2)(x-3)}$

Partial function of this function:

$\frac{3x -1}{( x-1)(x-2)(x-3)}= \frac{A}{(x-1)}+\frac{B}{(x-2)}+\frac{C}{(x-3)}$

$3x-1 = A(x-2)(x-3)+B(x-1)(x-3)+C(x-1)(x-2)$ .(1)

Now, substituting $x=1,2,\ and\ 3$ respectively in equation (1), we get

$A =1,\ B=-5,\ and\ C=4$

$\therefore \frac{3x-1}{(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)} = \frac{1}{(x-1)} -\frac{5}{(x-2)}+\frac{4}{(x-3)}$

That implies $\int \frac{3x-1}{(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)} dx = \int \left \{ \frac{1}{(x-1)}-\frac{5}{(x-2)}+\frac{4}{(x-3)} \right \}dx$

$= \log|x-1|-5\log|x-2|+4\log|x-3|+C$

Question:4 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{x }{( x-1)(x-2)(x-3)}$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{x }{( x-1)(x-2)(x-3)}$

Partial function of this function:

$\frac{x }{( x-1)(x-2)(x-3)}= \frac{A}{(x-1)}+\frac{B}{(x-2)}+\frac{C}{(x-3)}$

$x = A(x-2)(x-3)+B(x-1)(x-3)+C(x-1)(x-2)$ .....(1)

Now, substituting $x=1,2,\ and\ 3$ respectively in equation (1), we get

$A =\frac{1}{2},\ B=-2,\ and\ C=\frac{3}{2}$

$\therefore \frac{x}{(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)} = \frac{1}{2(x-1)} -\frac{2}{(x-2)}+\frac{3}{2(x-3)}$

That implies $\int \frac{x}{(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)} dx = \int \left \{ \frac{1}{2(x-1)}-\frac{2}{(x-2)}+\frac{3}{2(x-3)} \right \}dx$

$= \frac{1}{2}\log|x-1|-2\log|x-2|+\frac{3}{2}\log|x-3|+C$

Question:5 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{2x}{x^2 + 3x +2 }$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{2x}{x^2 + 3x +2 }$

Partial function of this function:

$\frac{2x}{x^2 + 3x +2 }= \frac{A}{(x+1)}+\frac{B}{(x+2)}$

$2x = A(x+2)+B(x+1)$ ...........(1)

Now, substituting $x=-1\ and\ -2$ respectively in equation (1), we get

$A ={-2},\ B=4$

$\frac{2x}{x^2 + 3x +2 }= \frac{-2}{(x+1)}+\frac{4}{(x+2)}$

That implies $\int \frac{2x}{x^2 + 3x +2 }dx= \int \left \{ \frac{-2}{(x+1)}+\frac{4}{(x+2)} \right \}dx$

$=4\log|x+2| -2\log|x+1| +C$

Question:6 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{1- x^2 }{ x ( 1- 2x )}$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{1- x^2 }{ x ( 1- 2x )}$

Integral is not a proper fraction so,

Therefore, on dividing $(1-x^2)$ by $x(1-2x)$ , we get

$\frac{1- x^2 }{ x ( 1- 2x )} = \frac{1}{2} +\frac{1}{2}\left ( \frac{2-x}{x(1-2x)} \right )$

Partial function of this function:

$\frac{2-x}{x(1-2x)} =\frac{A}{x}+\frac{B}{(1-2x)}$

$(2-x) =A(1-2x)+Bx$ ...........(1)

Now, substituting $x=0\ and\ \frac{1}{2}$ respectively in equation (1), we get

$A =2,\ B=3$

$\therefore \frac{2-x}{x(1-2x)} = \frac{2}{x}+\frac{3}{1-2x}$

No, substituting in equation (1) we get

$\frac{1-x^2}{(1-2x)} = \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\left \{ \frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{(1-2x)} \right \}$

$\implies \int \frac{1-x^2}{x(1-2x)}dx =\int \left \{ \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\left ( \frac{2}{x}+\frac{3}{1-2x} \right ) \right \}dx$

$=\frac{x}{2}+\log|x| +\frac{3}{2(-2)}\log|1-2x| +C$

$=\frac{x}{2}+\log|x| -\frac{3}{4}\log|1-2x| +C$

Question:7 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{x }{( x^2+1 )( x-1)}$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{x }{( x^2+1 )( x-1)}$

Partial function of this function:

$\frac{x }{( x^2+1 )( x-1)} = \frac{Ax+b}{(x^2+1)} +\frac{C}{(x-1)}$

$x = (Ax+B)(x-1)+C(x^2+1)$

$x=Ax^-Ax+Bc-B+Cx^2+C$

Now, equating the coefficients of $x^2, x$ and the constant term, we get

$A+C = 0$

$-A+B =1$ and $-B+C = 0$

On solving these equations, we get

$A = -\frac{1}{2}, B= \frac{1}{2},\ and\ C=\frac{1}{2}$

From equation (1), we get

$\therefore \frac{x}{(x^2+1)(x-1)} = \frac{\left ( -\frac{1}{2}x+\frac{1}{2} \right )}{x^2+1}+\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{(x-1)}$

$\implies \int \frac{x}{(x^2+1)(x-1)}$

$=-\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{x}{x^2+1}dx+\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{1}{x^2+1}dx+\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{x-1}dx$

$=- \frac{1}{4} \int \frac{2x}{x^2+1} dx +\frac{1}{2} \tan^{-1}x + \frac{1}{2} \log|x-1| +C$

Now, consider $\int \frac{2x}{x^2+1} dx$ ,

and we will assume $(x^2+1) = t \Rightarrow 2xdx =dt$

So, $\int \frac{2x}{x^2+1}dx = \int \frac{dt}{t} =\log|t| = \log|x^2+1|$

$\therefore \int \frac{x}{(x^2+1)(x-1)} =-\frac{1}{4}\log|x^2+1| +\frac{1}{2}\tan^{-1}x +\frac{1}{2}\log|x-1| +C$ or

$\frac{1}{2}\log|x-1| - \frac{1}{4}\log|x^2+1|+\frac{1}{2}\tan^{-1}x +C$

Question:8 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{x }{( x+1)^2 ( x+2)}$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{x }{( x+1)^2 ( x+2)}$

Partial function of this function:

$\frac{x }{( x+1)^2 ( x+2)} = \frac{A}{(x-1)}+\frac{B}{(x-1)^2}+\frac{C}{(x+2)}$

$x = A(x-1)(x+2)+B(x+2)+C(x-1)^2$

Now, putting $x=1$ in the above equation, we get

$B =\frac{1}{3}$

By equating the coefficients of $x^2$ and constant term, we get

$A+C=0$

$-2A+2B+C = 0$

then after solving, we get

$A= \frac{2}{9}\ and\ C=\frac{-2}{9}$

Therefore,

$\frac{x}{(x-1)^2(x+2)} = \frac{2}{9(x-1)}+\frac{1}{3(x-1)^2}-\frac{2}{9(x+2)}$

$\int \frac{x}{(x-1)^2(x+2)}dx= \frac{2}{9}\int \frac{1}{(x-1)}dx+\frac{1}{3}\int \frac{1}{(x-1)^2}dx-\frac{2}{9}\int \frac{1}{(x+2)}dx$

$= \frac{2}{9}\log|x-1|+\frac{1}{3}\left ( \frac{-1}{x-1} \right )-\frac{2}{9}\log|x+2|+C$

$\frac{2}{9}\log\left | \frac{x-1}{x+2} \right | -\frac{1}{3(x-1)}+C$

Question:9 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{3x+ 5 }{x^3 - x^2 - x +1 }$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{3x+ 5 }{x^3 - x^2 - x +1 }$

can be rewritten as $\frac{3x+ 5 }{x^3 - x^2 - x +1 } = \frac{3x+5}{(x-1)^2(x+1)}$

Partial function of this function:

$\frac{3x+5}{(x-1)^2(x+1)}= \frac{A}{(x-1)}+\frac{B}{(x-1)^2}+\frac{C}{(x+1)}$

$3x+5 = A(x-1)(x+1)+B(x+1)+C(x-1)^2$

$3x+5 = A(x^2-1)+B(x+1)+C(x^2+1-2x)$ ................(1)

Now, putting $x=1$ in the above equation, we get

$B =4$

By equating the coefficients of $x^2$ and $x$ , we get

$A+C=0$

$B-2C =3$

then after solving, we get

$A= -\frac{1}{2}\ and\ C=\frac{1}{2}$

Therefore,

$\frac{3x+5}{(x-1)^2(x+1)}= \frac{-1}{2(x-1)}+\frac{4}{(x-1)^2}+\frac{1}{2(x+1)}$

$\int \frac{3x+5}{(x-1)^2(x+1)}dx= \frac{-1}{2}\int \frac{1}{(x-1)}dx+4\int \frac{1}{(x-1)^2} dx+\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{1}{(x+1)}dx$

$= -\frac{1}{2}\log|x-1| +4\left ( \frac{-1}{x-1} \right ) +\frac{1}{2}\log|x+1| +C$

$=\frac{1}{2}\log|\frac{x+1}{x-1}| - \frac{4}{(x-1)} + +C$

Question:10 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{2x -3 }{(x^2 -1 )( 2x+3)}$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{2x -3 }{(x^2 -1 )( 2x+3)}$

can be rewritten as $\frac{2x -3 }{(x^2 -1 )( 2x+3)} = \frac{2x-3}{(x+1)(x-1)(2x+3)}$

The partial function of this function:

$\frac{2x -3 }{(x^2 -1 )( 2x-3)} = \frac{A}{(x+1)} +\frac{B}{(x-1)}+\frac{C}{(2x+3)}$

$\Rightarrow (2x-3) =A(x-1)(2x+3)+B(x+1)(2x+3)+C(x+1)(x-1)$ $\Rightarrow (2x-3) =A(2x^2+x-3)+B(2x^2+5x+3)+C(x^2-1)$ $\Rightarrow (2x-3) =(2A+2B+C)x^2+(A+5B)x+(-3A+3B-C)$

Equating the coefficients of $x^2\ and\ x$ , we get

$B=-\frac{1}{10},\ A =\frac{5}{2},\ and\ C= -\frac{24}{5}$

Therefore,

$\frac{2x -3 }{(x^2 -1 )( 2x-3)} = \frac{5}{2(x+1)} -\frac{1}{10(x-1)}-\frac{24}{5(2x+3)}$

$\implies \int \frac{2x-3}{(x^2-1)(2x+3)}dx = \frac{5}{2}\int \frac{1}{(x+1)}dx -\frac{1}{10}\int \frac{1}{x-1}dx -\frac{24}{5}\int \frac{1}{(2x+3)}dx$ $= \frac{5}{2}\log|x+1| -\frac{1}{10}\log|x-1| -\frac{24}{10}\log|2x+3|$

$= \frac{5}{2}\log|x+1| -\frac{1}{10}\log|x-1| -\frac{12}{5}\log|2x+3|+C$

$= -\frac{1}{2}\log|x-1| +4\left ( \frac{-1}{x-1} \right ) +\frac{1}{2}\log|x+1| +C$

$=\frac{1}{2}\log|\frac{x+1}{x-1}| - \frac{4}{(x-1)} + +C$

$= \frac{2}{9}\log|x-1|+\frac{1}{3}\left ( \frac{-1}{x-1} \right )-\frac{2}{9}\log|x+2|+C$

$\frac{2}{9}\log\left | \frac{x-1}{x+2} \right | -\frac{1}{3(x-1)}+C$

Question:11 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{5x}{(x+1)(x^2-4)}$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{5x}{(x+1)(x^2-4)}$

can be rewritten as $\frac{5x}{(x+1)(x^2-4)} = \frac{5x}{(x+1)(x+2)(x-2)}$

The partial function of this function:

$\frac{5x }{(x+1)( x+2)(x-2)} = \frac{A}{(x+1)} +\frac{B}{(x+2)}+\frac{C}{(x-2)}$

$\Rightarrow (5x) =A(x+2)(x-2)+B(x+1)(x-2)+C(x+1)(x+2)$

Now, substituting the value of $x =-1,-2,\ and\ 2$ respectively in the equation above, we get

$A=\frac{5}{3},\ B =\frac{-5}{2},\ and\ C= \frac{5}{6}$

Therefore,

$\frac{5x }{(x+1)( x+2)(x-2)} = \frac{5}{3(x+1)} -\frac{5}{2(x+2)}+\frac{5}{6(x-2)}$

$\implies \int \frac{5x}{(x+1)(x^2-4)}dx = \frac{5}{3}\int \frac{1}{(x+1)}dx -\frac{5}{2}\int \frac{1}{x+2}dx+\frac{5}{6}\int \frac{1}{(x-2)}dx$ $= \frac{5}{3}\log|x+1| -\frac{5}{2}\log|x+2| +\frac{5}{6}\log|x-2|+C$

Question:12 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{x^3 + x +1}{ x^2-1}$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{x^3 + x +1}{ x^2-1}$

As the given integral is not a proper fraction.

So, we divide $(x^3+x+1)$ by $x^2-1$ , we get

$\frac{x^3 + x +1}{ x^2-1} = x+\frac{2x+1}{x^2-1}$

can be rewritten as $\frac{2x+1}{x^2-1} =\frac{A}{(x+1)} +\frac{B}{(x-1)}$

$2x+1 ={A}{(x-1)} +{B}{(x+1)}$ ....................(1)

Now, substituting $x =1\ and\ x=-1$ in equation (1), we get

$A =\frac{1}{2}\ and\ B=\frac{3}{2}$

Therefore,

$\frac{x^3+x+1 }{(x^2-1)} =x+\frac{1}{2(x+1)}+\frac{3}{2(x-1)}$

$\implies \int \frac{x^3+x+1 }{(x^2-1)}dx =\int xdx +\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{1}{(x+1)} dx+\frac{3}{2} \int \frac{1}{(x-1)}dx$

$= \frac{x^2}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\log|x+1| +\frac{3}{2}\log|x-1| +C$

Question:13 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{2}{(1-x)(1+ x^2)}$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{2}{(1-x)(1+ x^2)}$

can be rewritten as $\frac{2}{(1-x)(1+ x^2)} = \frac{A}{(1-x)}+\frac{Bx+C}{1+x^2}$

$2 =A(1+x^2)+(Bx+C)(1-x)$ ....................(1)

$2 =A +Ax^2 +Bx-Bx^2+C-Cx$

Now, equating the coefficient of $x^2, x,$ and constant term, we get

$A-B= 0$ , $B-C = 0$ , and $A+C =2$

Solving these equations, we get

$A=1, B=1,\ and\ C=1$

Therefore,

$\therefore \frac{2}{(1-x)(1+ x^2)} = \frac{1}{(1-x)}+\frac{x+1}{1+x^2}$

$\implies \int \frac{2}{(1-x)(1+ x^2)}dx =\int \frac{1}{(1-x)} dx+ \int \frac{x}{1+x^2}dx +\int \frac{1}{1+x^2}dx$ $= -\int \frac{1}{x-1}dx +\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{2x}{1+x^2}dx +\int\frac{1}{1+x^2}dx$

$=-\log|x-1| +\frac{1}{2}\log|1+x^2| +\tan^{-1}x+C$

Question:14 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{3x-1}{(x+2)^2}$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{3x-1}{(x+2)^2}$

can be rewritten as $\frac{3x-1}{(x+2)^2} = \frac{A}{(x+2)}+\frac{B}{(x+2)^2}$

$3x-1 = A(x+2)+B$

Now, equating the coefficient of $x$ and constant term, we get

$A=3$ and $2A+B = -1$ ,

Solving these equations, we get

$B=-7$

Therefore,

$\frac{3x-1}{(x+2)^2} = \frac{3}{(x+2)}-\frac{7}{(x+2)^2}$

$\implies \int\frac{3x-1}{(x+2)^2}dx = 3 \int \frac{1}{(x+2)}dx-7\int \frac{x}{(x+2)^2}dx$

$\implies 3\log|x+2| -7\left ( \frac{-1}{(x+2)}\right )+C$

$\implies 3\log|x+2| + \frac{7}{(x+2)} +C$

Question:15 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{1}{x^4 -1 }$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{1}{x^4 -1 }$

can be rewritten as $\frac{1}{x^4 -1 } = \frac{1}{(x^2-1)(x^2+1)} =\frac{1}{(x+1)(x-1)(1+x^2)}$

The partial fraction of above equation,

$\frac{1}{(x+1)(x-1)(1+x^2)} = \frac{A}{(x+1)}+\frac{B}{(x-1)}+\frac{Cx+D}{(x^2+1)}$

$1 = A(x-1)(x^2+1) +B(x+1)(x^2+1)+(Cx+D)(x^2-1)$

$1 = A(x^3+x-x^2-1)+B(x^3+x+x^2+1)+Cx^3+Dx^2-Cx-D$ $1 = (A+B+C)x^3 +(-A+B+D)x^2+(A+B-C)x+(-A+B-D)$

Now, equating the coefficient of $x^3,x^2,x$ and constant term, we get

$A+B+C = 0$ and $-A+B+D = 0$

$A+B-C = 0$ and $-A+B-D = 1$

Solving these equations, we get

$A= -\frac{1}{4}, B=\frac{1}{4},C=0,\ and\ D = -\frac{1}{2}$

Therefore,

$\frac{1}{x^4-1} = \frac{-1}{4(x+1)}+\frac{1}{4(x-1)}-\frac{1}{2(x^2+1)}$

$\implies \int \frac{1}{x^4-1}dx = -\frac{1}{4}\log|x-1| +\frac{1}{4}\log|x-1| -\frac{1}{2}\tan^{-1}x +C$

$= \frac{1}{4}\log|\frac{x-1}{x+1}| -\frac{1}{2}\tan^{-1}x +C$

Question:16 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{1}{x ( x^n+1)}$

[Hint: multiply numerator and denominator by $x ^{n-1}$ and put $x ^n = t$ ]

Answer:

Given function $\frac{1}{x ( x^n+1)}$

Applying Hint multiplying numerator and denominator by $x^{n-1}$ and putting $x^n =t$

$\frac{1}{x ( x^n+1)} = \frac{x^{n-1}}{x^{n-1}x(x^n+1)} = \frac{x^{n-1}}{x^n(x^n+1)}$

Putting $x^n =t$

$\therefore x^{n-1}dx =dt$

can be rewritten as $\int \frac{1}{x ( x^n+1)}dx =\int \frac{x^{n-1}}{x^n(x^n+1)}dx = \frac{1}{n} \int \frac{1}{t(t+1)}dt$

Partial fraction of above equation,

$\frac{1}{t(t+1)} =\frac{A}{t}+\frac{B}{(t+1)}$

$1 = A(1+t)+Bt$ ................(1)

Now, substituting $t = 0,-1$ in equation (1), we get

$A=1\ and\ B=-1$

$\therefore \frac{1}{t(t+1)} = \frac{1}{t}- \frac{1}{(1+t)}$

$\implies \int \frac{1}{x(x^n+1)}dx = \frac{1}{n} \int \left \{ \frac{1}{t}-\frac{1}{(t+1)} \right \}dx$

$= \frac{1}{n} \left [ \log|t| -\log|t+1| \right ] +C$

$= -\frac{1}{n} \left [ \log|x^n| -\log|x^n+1| \right ] +C$

$= \frac{1}{n} \log|\frac{x^n}{x^n+1}| +C$

Question:17 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{\cos x }{(1- \sin x )( 2- \sin x )}$

[Hint : Put $\sin x = t$ ]

Answer:

Given function $\frac{\cos x }{(1- \sin x )( 2- \sin x )}$

Applying the given hint: putting $\sin x =t$

We get, $\cos x dx =dt$

$\therefore \int \frac{\cos x }{(1- \sin x )( 2- \sin x )}dx = \int \frac{dt}{(1-t)(2-t)}$

Partial fraction of above equation,

$\frac{1}{(1-t)(2-t)} =\frac{A}{(1-t)}+\frac{B}{(2-t)}$

$1 = A(2-t)+B(1-t)$ ................(1)

Now, substituting $t = 2\ and\ 1$ in equation (1), we get

$A=1\ and\ B=-1$

$\therefore \frac{1}{(1-t)(2-t)} = \frac{1}{(1-t)} - \frac{1}{(2-t)}$

$\implies \int \frac{\cos x }{(1-\sin x)(2-\sin x )}dx = \int \left \{ \frac{1}{1-t}-\frac{1}{(2-t)} \right \}dt$

$= -\log|1-t| +\log|2-t| +C$

$= \log\left | \frac{2-t}{1-t} \right |+C$

Back substituting the value of t in the above equation, we get

$= \log\left | \frac{2-\sin x}{1- \sin x} \right |+C$

Question:18 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{( x^2 +1 )( x^2 +2 )}{( x^2 +3 )( x^2 +4 )}$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{( x^2 +1 )( x^2 +2 )}{( x^2 +3 )( x^2 +4 )}$

We can rewrite it as: $\frac{( x^2 +1 )( x^2 +2 )}{( x^2 +3 )( x^2 +4 )} = 1- \frac{(4x^2+10)}{(x^2+3)(x^2+4)}$

Partial fraction of above equation,

$\frac{(4x^2+10)}{(x^2+3)(x^2+4)} =\frac{Ax+B}{(x^2+3)}+\frac{Cx+D}{(x^2+4)}$

$4x^2+10 = (Ax+B)(x^2+4)+(Cx+D)(x^2+3)$

$4x^2+10 = Ax^3+4Ax+Bx^2+4B+Cx^3+3Cx+Dx^2+3D$

$4x^2+10 = (A+C)x^3+(B+D)x^2+(4A+3C)x+(3D+4B)$

Now, equating the coefficients of $x^3, x^2, x$ and constant term, we get

$A+C=0$ , $B+D = 4$ , $4A+3C = 0$ , $4B+3D =10$

After solving these equations, we get

$A= 0, B =-2, C=0,\and\ D=6$

$\therefore \frac{4x^2+10}{(x^2+3)(x^2+4)} = \frac{-2}{(x^2+3)} + \frac{6}{(x^2+4)}$

$\frac{( x^2 +1 )( x^2 +2 )}{( x^2 +3 )( x^2 +4 )} = 1- \left ( \frac{-2}{(x^2+3)} + \frac{6}{(x^2+4)} \right )$

$\implies \int \frac{( x^2 +1 )( x^2 +2 )}{( x^2 +3 )( x^2 +4 )} dx= \int \left \{ 1+ \frac{2}{(x^2+3)} - \frac{6}{(x^2+4)} \right \}dx$

$= \int \left \{ 1+ \frac{2}{(x^2+(\sqrt3)^2)} - \frac{6}{(x^2+2^2)} \right \}dx$

$= x+2\left ( \frac{1}{\sqrt3}\tan^{-1}\frac{x}{\sqrt 3} \right ) - 6\left ( \frac{1}{2}\tan^{-1}\frac{x}{2} \right )+C$

$= x+\frac{2}{\sqrt3}\tan^{-1}\frac{x}{\sqrt3} -3\tan^{-1}\frac{x}{2}+C$

Question:19 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{2x }{( x^2 +1)( x^2 +3)}$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{2x }{( x^2 +1)( x^2 +3)}$

Taking $x^2 = t \Rightarrow 2xdx=dt$

$\therefore \int \frac{2x }{( x^2 +1)( x^2 +3)}dx = \int \frac{dt}{(t+1)(t+3)}$

The partial fraction of above equation,

$\frac{1}{(t+3)(t+3)} = \frac{A}{(t+1)}+\frac{B}{(t+3)}$

$1= A(t+3)+B(t+1)$ ..............(1)

Now, substituting $t = -3\ and\ t = -1$ in equation (1), we get

$A =\frac{1}{2}\ and\ B = -\frac{1}{2}$

$\therefore\frac{1}{(t+3)(t+3)} = \frac{1}{2(t+1)}-\frac{1}{2(t+3)}$

$\implies \int \frac{2x }{( x^2 +1)( x^2 +3)}dx = \int \left \{ \frac{1}{2(t+1)}-\frac{1}{2(t+3)} \right \}dt$

$= \frac{1}{2}\log|t+1|- \frac{1}{2}\log|t+3| +C$

$= \frac{1}{2}\log\left | \frac{t+1}{t+3} \right | +C$

$= \frac{1}{2}\log\left | \frac{x^2+1}{x^2+3} \right | +C$

Question:20 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{1}{x (x^4 -1)}$

Answer:

Given function $\frac{1}{x (x^4 -1)}$

So, we multiply numerator and denominator by $x^3$ , to obtain

$\frac{1}{x (x^4 -1)} = \frac{x^3}{x^4(x^4-1)}$

$\therefore \int \frac{1}{x(x^4-1)}dx =\int\frac{x^3}{x^4(x^4-1)}dx$

Now, putting $x^4 = t$

we get, $4x^3dx =dt$

Taking $x^2 = t \Rightarrow 2xdx=dt$

$\therefore \int \frac{1}{x(x^4-1)}dx =\frac{1}{4}\int \frac{dt}{t(t-1)}$

Partial fraction of above equation,

$\frac{1}{t(t-1)} = \frac{A}{t}+\frac{B}{(t-1)}$

$1= A(t-1)+Bt$ ..............(1)

Now, substituting $t = 0\ and\ t = 1$ in equation (1), we get

$A = -1\ and\ B=1$

$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{t(t+1)} = -\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{t-1}$

$\Rightarrow \int \frac{1}{x(x^4+1)}dx =\frac{1}{4}\int \left \{ \frac{-1}{t}+\frac{1}{t-1} \right \}dt$

$= \frac{1}{4} \left [ -\log|t|+\log|t-1| \right ]+C$

$= \frac{1}{4}\log\left | \frac{t-1}{t} \right |+C$

Back substituting the value of t,

$=\frac{1}{4}\log \left | \frac{x^4-1}{x^4} \right | +C$

Question:21 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{1}{( e ^x-1)}$ [Hint : Put $e ^x= t$ ]

Answer:

Given function $\frac{1}{( e ^x-1)}$

So, applying the hint: Putting $e^x = t$

Then $e^x dx= dt$

$\int \frac{1}{( e ^x-1)}dx = \int\frac{1}{t-1}\times\frac{dt}{t} = \int \frac{1}{t(t-1)}dt$

Partial fraction of above equation,

$\frac{1}{t(t-1)} = \frac{A}{t}+\frac{B}{(t-1)}$

$1= A(t-1)+Bt$ ..............(1)

Now, substituting $t = 0\ and\ t = 1$ in equation (1), we get

$A = -1\ and\ B=1$

$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{t(t+1)} = -\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{t-1}$

$\implies \int \frac{1}{t(t-1)}dt = \log \left | \frac{t-1}{t} \right |+C$

Now, back substituting the value of t,

$= \log \left | \frac{e^x-1}{e^x} \right |+C$

Question:22 Choose the correct answer $\int \frac{x dx }{( x-1)(x-2) } \: \: equals$

$A ) \log |\frac{(x-1)^2}{x-2}| + C \\\\ B) \log |\frac{(x-2)^2}{x-1}| + C \\\\ C ) \log |(\frac{x-1}{x-2})^2| + C \\\\ D ) \log |{(x-1)^2}({x-2})| + C$

Answer:

Given integral $\int \frac{x dx }{( x-1)(x-2) }$

Partial fraction of above equation,

$\frac{x}{(x-1)(x-2)} = \frac{A}{(x-1)}+\frac{B}{(x-2)}$

$x= A(x+2)+B(x-1)$ ..............(1)

Now, substituting $x = 1\ and\ x = 2$ in equation (1), we get

$A = -1\ and\ B=2$

$\therefore \frac{x}{(x-1)(x-2)} = -\frac{1}{(x-1)}+\frac{2}{(x-2)}$

$\implies \int \frac{x}{(x-1)(x-2)}dx = \int \left \{ \frac{-1}{(x-1)}+\frac{2}{(x-2)} \right \}dx$

$= -\log|x-1| +2log|x-2| +C$

$=\log \left | \frac{(x-2)^2}{x-1} \right | +C$

Therefore, the correct answer is B.

Question:23 Choose the correct answer $\int \frac{dx}{x ( x ^2+1)} \: \: equals$

$A ) \log |x| - \frac{1}{2} \log ( x^2 +1 ) + C \\\\ B ) \log |x|+ \frac{1}{2} \log ( x^2 +1 ) + C \\\\ C )- \log |x| + \frac{1}{2} \log ( x^2 +1 ) + C \\\\ D ) \frac{1}{2}\log |x| +\log ( x^2 +1 ) + C$

Answer:

Given integral $\int \frac{dx}{x ( x ^2+1)}$

Partial fraction of above equation,

$\frac{1}{x ( x ^2+1)} = \frac{A}{x}+\frac{Bx+c}{x^2+1}$

$1= A(x^2+1)+(Bx+C)x$

Now, equating the coefficients of $x^2,x,$ and the constant term, we get

$A+B = 0$ , $C=0$ , $A=1$

We have the values, $A = 1\ and\ B=-1,\ and\ C=0$

$\therefore \frac{1}{x ( x ^2+1)} = \frac{1}{x}+\frac{-x}{x^2+1}$

$\implies \int \frac{1}{x ( x ^2+1)}dx =\int \left \{ \frac{1}{x}+\frac{-x}{x^2+1}\right \}dx$

$= \log|x| -\frac{1}{2}\log|x^2+1| +C$

Therefore, the correct answer is A.

Benefits of NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Exercise 7.5

The Class 12th Maths chapter 7 exercise is very long. So one should skip some questions to cover maximum syllabus.
Practicing exercise 7.5 Class 12 Maths can certainly help students prepare for Board exams and competitive exams.
These Class 12 Maths chapter 7 exercise 7.5 solutions can be asked directly in the Board exams.

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Key Features Of NCERT Solutions for Exercise 7.5 Class 12 Maths Chapter 7

Comprehensive Coverage: The solutions encompass all the topics covered in ex 7.5 class 12, ensuring a thorough understanding of the concepts.
Step-by-Step Solutions: In this class 12 maths ex 7.5, each problem is solved systematically, providing a stepwise approach to aid in better comprehension for students.
Accuracy and Clarity: Solutions for class 12 ex 7.5 are presented accurately and concisely, using simple language to help students grasp the concepts easily.
Conceptual Clarity: In this 12th class maths exercise 7.5 answers, emphasis is placed on conceptual clarity, providing explanations that assist students in understanding the underlying principles behind each problem.
Inclusive Approach: Solutions for ex 7.5 class 12 cater to different learning styles and abilities, ensuring that students of various levels can grasp the concepts effectively.
Relevance to Curriculum: The solutions for class 12 maths ex 7.5 align closely with the NCERT curriculum, ensuring that students are prepared in line with the prescribed syllabus.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Is there any real life application of Integrals ?

Integration can be used to calculate the centre of gravity, centre of mass etc. which further helps in understanding dynamics of force, pressure etc. in real life.

2. What is the value of integration of cos x?

Integration of cos x is sin x + c

3. How much importance does Integrals hold in Board exams ?

In Board exams, questions of around 20 marks are asked directly which can be of great help to students to score well in the examination.

4. What is the difficulty level of questions asked in Board exams from this exercise ?

This exercise caters to questions of higher difficulty level. Hence it can be said that easy questions are not asked from this exercise.

5. Mention some topics in Exercise 7.5 Class 12 Maths ?

Topics which are related to finding out integrals of rational functions are included in this exercise.

6. How many questions are there in this exercise ?

There are 23 main questions in this exercise along with a few subquestions.

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quartely question paper for mathematics cbse

Hello there! Thanks for reaching out to us at Careers360.

Ah, you're looking for CBSE quarterly question papers for mathematics, right? Those can be super helpful for exam prep.

Unfortunately, CBSE doesn't officially release quarterly papers - they mainly put out sample papers and previous years' board exam papers. But don't worry, there are still some good options to help you practice!

Have you checked out the CBSE sample papers on their official website? Those are usually pretty close to the actual exam format. You could also look into previous years' board exam papers - they're great for getting a feel for the types of questions that might come up.

If you're after more practice material, some textbook publishers release their own mock papers which can be useful too.

Let me know if you need any other tips for your math prep. Good luck with your studies!

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Jefferson 25 September,2024

i have taken admission in clg after my campartment exam in chemistry along with the neet 2025 preperation but unfortunately i again got campartment after doing all this preparation i got 15 marks only now I can't able to think what should I do next.

It's understandable to feel disheartened after facing a compartment exam, especially when you've invested significant effort. However, it's important to remember that setbacks are a part of life, and they can be opportunities for growth.

Possible steps:

Re-evaluate Your Study Strategies:
- Identify Weak Areas: Pinpoint the specific topics or concepts that caused difficulties.
- Seek Clarification: Reach out to teachers, tutors, or online resources for additional explanations.
- Practice Regularly: Consistent practice is key to mastering chemistry.
Consider Professional Help:
- Tutoring: A tutor can provide personalized guidance and support.
- Counseling: If you're feeling overwhelmed or unsure about your path, counseling can help.
Explore Alternative Options:
- Retake the Exam: If you're confident in your ability to improve, consider retaking the chemistry compartment exam.
- Change Course: If you're not interested in pursuing chemistry further, explore other academic options that align with your interests.
Focus on NEET 2025 Preparation:
- Stay Dedicated: Continue your NEET preparation with renewed determination.
- Utilize Resources: Make use of study materials, online courses, and mock tests.
Seek Support:
- Talk to Friends and Family: Sharing your feelings can provide comfort and encouragement.
- Join Study Groups: Collaborating with peers can create a supportive learning environment.

Remember: This is a temporary setback. With the right approach and perseverance, you can overcome this challenge and achieve your goals.

I hope this information helps you.

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Kanishka kaushikii 17 September,2024

i scored 84 percent in cbse 2 years ago.Am i eligible for medhavi scholarship if give 12th again after 2 drop years and will got 75+ in mpboard

Hi,

Qualifications:
Age: As of the last registration date, you must be between the ages of 16 and 40.
Qualification: You must have graduated from an accredited board or at least passed the tenth grade. Higher qualifications are also accepted, such as a diploma, postgraduate degree, graduation, or 11th or 12th grade.
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Scholarships can range from Rs. 2,000 to Rs. 18,000 per month, depending on the marks obtained and the type of scholarship exam (SAKSHAM, SWABHIMAN, SAMADHAN, etc.).

Since you already have a 12th grade qualification with 84%, you meet the qualification criteria and are eligible to apply for the Medhavi Scholarship exam. Make sure to prepare well for the exam to maximize your chances of receiving a higher scholarship.

Hope you find this useful!

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Yuvan 30 August,2024

i upload 12th board result screenshot in ncweb form from the cbse site so it is valid

hello mahima,

If you have uploaded screenshot of your 12th board result taken from CBSE official website,there won,t be a problem with that.If the screenshot that you have uploaded is clear and legible. It should display your name, roll number, marks obtained, and any other relevant details in a readable forma.ALSO, the screenshot clearly show it is from the official CBSE results portal.

hope this helps.

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Ashvadha 12 July,2024

Kya mujhe class 12 ka important question milega jo exam mai per year puche jate hai

Hello Akash,

If you are looking for important questions of class 12th then I would like to suggest you to go with previous year questions of that particular board. You can go with last 5-10 years of PYQs so and after going through all the questions you will have a clear idea about the type and level of questions that are being asked and it will help you to boost your class 12th board preparation.

You can get the Previous Year Questions (PYQs) on the official website of the respective board.

I hope this answer helps you. If you have more queries then feel free to share your questions with us we will be happy to assist you.

Thank you and wishing you all the best for your bright future.

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kumardurgesh1802 10 July,2024

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Option 1) $0.34\; J$	Option 2) $0.16\; J$
Option 3) $1.00\; J$	Option 4) $0.67\; J$

Option 1) $2,000 \; J - 5,000\; J$	Option 2) $200 \, \, J - 500 \, \, J$
Option 3) $2\times 10^{5}J-3\times 10^{5}J$	Option 4) $20,000 \, \, J - 50,000 \, \, J$

Option 1) $K/2\,$	Option 2) $\; K\;$
Option 3) $zero\;$	Option 4) $K/4$

Option 1) $11.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}$ at STP is produced for every mole $HCL_{(aq)}$ consumed	Option 2) $6L\, HCl_{(aq)}$ is consumed for ever $3L\, H_{2(g)}$ produced
Option 3) $33.6 L\, H_{2(g)}$ is produced regardless of temperature and pressure for every mole Al that reacts	Option 4) $67.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}$ at STP is produced for every mole Al that reacts .

Option 1) 0.02	Option 2) 3.125 × 10^-2
Option 3) 1.25 × 10^-2	Option 4) 2.5 × 10^-2

Option 1) decrease twice	Option 2) increase two fold
Option 3) remain unchanged	Option 4) be a function of the molecular mass of the substance.

Option 1) Molality	Option 2) Weight fraction of solute
Option 3) Fraction of solute present in water	Option 4) Mole fraction.

Option 1) twice that in 60 g carbon	Option 2) 6.023 × 10²²
Option 3) half that in 8 g He	Option 4) 558.5 × 6.023 × 10²³

Option 1) less than 3	Option 2) more than 3 but less than 6
Option 3) more than 6 but less than 9	Option 4) more than 9

NCERT Solutions for Exercise 7.5 Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 - Integrals

NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Exercise 7.5

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Access NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Exercise 7.5

Question:1 Integrate the rational functions

Question:2 Integrate the rational functions

Answer:

Question:3 Integrate the rational functions

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Question:4 Integrate the rational functions

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Question:5 Integrate the rational functions

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Question:6 Integrate the rational functions

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Question:7 Integrate the rational functions

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Question:8 Integrate the rational functions

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Question:9 Integrate the rational functions

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Question:10 Integrate the rational functions

Answer:

Question:11 Integrate the rational functions

Answer:

Question:12 Integrate the rational functions

Answer:

Question:13 Integrate the rational functions

Answer:

Question:14 Integrate the rational functions

Answer:

Question:15 Integrate the rational functions

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Question:16 Integrate the rational functions

Answer:

Question:17 Integrate the rational functions

Answer:

Question:18 Integrate the rational functions

Answer:

Question:19 Integrate the rational functions

Answer:

Question:20 Integrate the rational functions

Answer:

Question:21 Integrate the rational functions [Hint : Put ]

Answer:

Question:22 Choose the correct answer

Answer:

Question:23 Choose the correct answer

Answer:

More About NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Exercise 7.5

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Question:1 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{x }{( x +1)( x+2)}$

Question:2 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{1}{x^2 -9 }$

Question:3 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{3x -1}{( x-1)(x-2)(x-3)}$

Question:4 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{x }{( x-1)(x-2)(x-3)}$

Question:5 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{2x}{x^2 + 3x +2 }$

Question:6 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{1- x^2 }{ x ( 1- 2x )}$

Question:7 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{x }{( x^2+1 )( x-1)}$

Question:8 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{x }{( x+1)^2 ( x+2)}$

Question:9 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{3x+ 5 }{x^3 - x^2 - x +1 }$

Question:10 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{2x -3 }{(x^2 -1 )( 2x+3)}$

Question:11 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{5x}{(x+1)(x^2-4)}$

Question:12 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{x^3 + x +1}{ x^2-1}$

Question:13 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{2}{(1-x)(1+ x^2)}$

Question:14 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{3x-1}{(x+2)^2}$

Question:15 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{1}{x^4 -1 }$

Question:16 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{1}{x ( x^n+1)}$

Question:17 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{\cos x }{(1- \sin x )( 2- \sin x )}$

Question:18 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{( x^2 +1 )( x^2 +2 )}{( x^2 +3 )( x^2 +4 )}$

Question:19 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{2x }{( x^2 +1)( x^2 +3)}$

Question:20 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{1}{x (x^4 -1)}$

Question:21 Integrate the rational functions $\frac{1}{( e ^x-1)}$ [Hint : Put $e ^x= t$ ]

Question:22 Choose the correct answer $\int \frac{x dx }{( x-1)(x-2) } \: \: equals$

Question:23 Choose the correct answer $\int \frac{dx}{x ( x ^2+1)} \: \: equals$