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NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Solutions chapter 12 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

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NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Solutions chapter 12 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Edited By Sumit Saini | Updated on Sep 16, 2022 05:59 PM IST | #CBSE Class 12th

In NCERT exemplar Class 12 Chemistry solutions chapter 12, students will learn about the physical properties, uses and chemical reactions of very crucial hydrocarbons like Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids alongside it’s nomenclatures and various structures of the carboxyl groups easily in details etc. NCERT exemplar Class 12 Chemistry solutions chapter 12 pdf download is to be available for students. Using it they can understand the concepts better in offline mode too.

NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Solutions Chapter 12: MCQ (Type 1)

Question:1

Addition of water to alkynes occurs in acidic medium and the presence of \text {Hg}^{2+} ions as a catalyst. Which of the following products will be formed on addition of water to but-1-yne under these conditions.

Answer:

The answer is the option (ii) On addition of water to but-1-yne in the presence of \text {H}_{2}\text {SO}_{4} and \text {HgSO}_{4} , 2-butanone is obtained (by Markovnikoff’s rule).

Question:2

Which of the following compounds is most reactive towards nucleophilic addition reactions?

Answer:

The answer is the option (i) \text {CH}_{3}\text {CHO} (an aldehyde) is generally considered more reactive than ketones towards nucleophilic addition reactions. Ketones have 2 large substituents compared to 1 in aldehydes, that hinder the nucleophilic approach. Aldehydes are also considered more reactive because the 2 alkyl groups lead to the reduction of electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon of ketone by releasing electron in its direction.
The reactivity order can be given as:

Question:3

The correct order of increasing acidic strength is _____________.
(i) Phenol < Ethanol < Chloroacetic acid < Acetic acid
(ii) Ethanol < Phenol < Chloroacetic acid < Acetic acid
(iii) Ethanol < Phenol < Acetic acid < Chloroacetic acid
(iv) Chloroacetic acid < Acetic acid < Phenol < Ethanol
Answer:

The answer is the option (iii) Due to formation of more stable conjugate base after removal of \text {H}^{+} phenol is more stable than the alcohol.
On the other hand, the stable conjugate base formed after removing \text {H}^{+} makes carboxylic acid more acidic than phenol.
In case chloroacetic acid, the presence of electron withdrawing chlorine group makes it more acidic compared to the acetic acid.

Question:4

Compound can be prepared by the reaction of _____________.

(i) Phenol and benzoic acid in the presence of \text {NaOH}
(ii) Phenol and benzoyl chloride in the presence of pyridine
(iii) Phenol and benzoyl chloride in the presence of \text {ZnCl}_{2}
(iv) Phenol and benzaldehyde in the presence of palladium
Answer:

The answer is the option (ii) The compound \text {C}_{6}\text {H}_{5}\text {OCOC}_{6}\text {H}_{5} can be prepared by the given below reaction. In this, the phenol is made to react with acid chloride in presence of an alkali. The alkali used is pyridine and acid chloride is benzoyl chloride.

Question:5

The reagent which does not react with both, acetone and benzaldehyde.
(i) Sodium hydrogen sulphite
(ii) Phenyl hydrazine
(iii) Fehling’s solution
(iv) Grignard reagent
Answer:

The answer is the option (iii) Fehling’s solution is the reagent that does not react with both acetone and benzaldehyde.

Question:6

Cannizaro’s reaction is not given by _____________.

Answer:

The answer is the option (iv)
\text {CH}_{3}\text {CHO} contains 3 \alpha-hydrogens while other three compounds have no any \alpha -hydrogen. Hence, Cannizzaro’s reaction is given by them. Aldehydes without any alpha hydrogen undergo reduction and self-oxidation reaction when treated with conc. Alkali.

Question:7

Which product is formed when the compound is treated with concentrated aqueous \text {KOH} solution?


Answer:

(ii) Benzaldehyde does not have any \alpha hydrogen. When reacted with aqueous \text {KOH} solution, it gives Cannizzaro’s reaction.

Question:8


Structure of ‘A’ and type of isomerism in the above reaction are respectively.

(i) \text {Prop-1-en-2-ol, metamerism}
(ii) \text {Prop-1-en-1-ol, tautomerism}
(iii) \text {Prop-2-en-2-ol, geometrical isomerism}
(iv) \text {Prop-1-en-2-ol, tautomerism}
Answer:

The answer is the option (iv) A undergoes tautomerism to form acetone.

Question:9

Compounds A and C in the following reaction are __________.

(i) identical
(ii) positional isomers
(iii) functional isomers
(iv) optical isomers
Answer:


Thus, and \text {CH}_{3}-\text {CH}_{2}-\text {CH}_{2}\text {OH} are positional isomers.
We know that acetaldehyde when treated with Grignard reagent followed by hydrolysis gives propane 2-ol.

Question:10

Which is the most suitable reagent for the following conversion?

(i) Tollen’s reagent
(ii) Benzoyl peroxide
(iii) \text {I}_{2} and \text {NaOH} solution
(iv) \text {Sn} and \text {NaOH} solution
Answer:

The answer is the option (iii) Iodoform test is most suitable for the given reaction.

Question:11

Which of the following compounds will give butanone on oxidation with alkaline \text {KMnO}_{4} solution?
(i) \text {Butan-1-ol}
(ii) \text {Butan-2-ol}
(iii) Both of these
(iv) None of these
Answer:

The answer is the option (ii). Aldehydes, when treated with common oxidising agents get readily oxidized to carboxylic acids.

Question:12

In Clemmensen Reduction carbonyl compound is treated with _____________.
(i) \text {Zinc amalgam + HCl}
(ii) \text {Sodium amalgam + HCl}
(iii) \text {Zinc amalgam + nitric acid}
(iv) \text {Sodium amalgam + HNO}_{3}
Answer:

The answer is the option (i) Clemmensen reduction is used in the conversion of carbonyl group to \text {CH}_{2} group. In this reaction, zinc amalgam and \text {HCl} act as reagent.

NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Solutions Chapter 12: MCQ (Type 2)

Question:13

Which of the following compounds do not undergo aldol condensation ?

Answer:

The answer is the option (ii, iv)
Aldol condensation takes place only if \alpha hydrogen is present. In the reaction, aldehydes and ketones with 1 or more than 1 alpha hydrogen react in presence of dilute alkali to form aldol and ketol respectively.

Question:14

Treatment of compound with \text {NaOH} solution yields

(i) Phenol
(ii) Sodium phenoxide
(iii) Sodium benzoate
(iv) Benzophenone
Answer:

The answer is the option (ii, iii) We get sodium phenoxide and sodium benzoate by nucleophilic substitution reaction.

Question:15

Which of the following conversions can be carried out by Clemmensen Reduction?
(i) Benzaldehyde into benzyl alcohol
(ii) Cyclohexanone into cyclohexane
(iii) Benzoyl chloride into benzaldehyde
(iv) Benzophenone into diphenyl methane
Answer:

The answer is the option (ii, iv)
Clemmensen reduction is used in the conversion of carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones to \text {CH}_{2} group when treated with zinc amalgam and conc. \text {HCl}. It is used to convert cyclohexanone into cyclohexane and benzophenone into diphenyl methane.

Question:16

Through which of the following reactions number of carbon atoms can be increased in the chain?
(i) Grignard reaction
(ii) Cannizaro’s reaction
(iii) Aldol condensation
(iv) HVZ reaction
Answer:

The answer is the option (i,iii) Grignard reaction is used to increase the number of carbon atom in chain. Aldol condensation increases the number of carbon atom in the chain for aldehydes and ketones.

Question:17

Benzophenone can be obtained by ____________.
(i) \text {Benzoyl chloride + Benzene + AlCl}_{3}
(ii) \text {Benzoyl chloride + Diphenyl cadmium}
(iii) \text {Benzoyl chloride + Phenyl magnesium chloride}
(iv) \text {Benzene + Carbon monoxide + ZnCl}_{2}
Answer:

The answer is the option (i,ii) Benzophenone can be obtained by either of benzoyl chloride + diphenylcadmium or benzoyl chloride+ benzene+ \text {AlCI}_{3} . The latter is referred to as Friedel-Craft acylation reaction.

Question:18

Which of the following is the correct representation for intermediate of nucleophilic addition reaction to the given carbonyl compound (A) :

Answer:

The answer is the option (i,ii) The 2 possible orientation of a planar molecule of carbonyl compound in case of nucleophilic attack are:

The nucleophililic attack can occur either from front or rear side.

NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Solutions Chapter 12: Short Answer Type

Question:19

Why is there a large difference in the boiling points of \text {butanal and butan-1 -ol} ?
Answer:

There is a huge difference in the boiling points of \text {butanal and butan-1 -ol} due to the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding between \text {-OH} groups in alcohol.

Question:20

Write a test to differentiate between \text {pentan-2-one} and \text {pentan-3-one}.

Answer:

The answer is Idoform test. There is a \text {CH}_{3}\text {CO} group in \text {Pentan-2-one} and that is why it will give a positive iodoform test.

Question:21

Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds

Answer:

(i) \text {3-Phenylprop-2-en-1 -al}
(ii) \text {Cyclohexanecarbaldehyde}
(iii) \text {3-Oxopentan-l-al}
(iv) \text {But-2-en-l-al}

Question:23

Write IUPAC names of the following structures.

Answer:

(i) \text {Ethane-1,2-dial}
(ii)\text { Benzene-1, 4-dicarbaldehyde}
(iii) \text {3-Bromobenzaldehyde}

Question:24

Benzaldehyde can be obtained from benzal chloride. Write reactions for obtaining benzal chloride and then benzaldehyde from it.
Answer:

Reactions for obtaining benzalchloride and benzaldehyde from it are:

Question:25

Name the electrophile produced in the reaction of benzene with benzoyl chloride in the presence of anhydrous \text {AlCl}_{3}. Name the reaction also.
Answer:

The electrophile produced in the reaction of benzene with benzoyl chloride in the presence of anhydrous AlCl3 is benzoylium cation. The product formed in this reaction is benzophenone. This reaction is called Friedel Craft's acylation reaction.

Question:26

Oxidation of ketones involves carbon-carbon bond cleavage. Name the products formed on oxidation of 2, 5-dimethylhexan-3-one.
Answer:

The products formed on oxidation of 2, 5-dimethylhexan-3-one are: -
2-Methylpropanoic acid
Ethanoic acid and
Methanoic acid.
3-Methylbutanoic acid

Question:27

Arrange the following in decreasing order of their acidic strength and give the reason for your answer.
\text {CH}_{3}\text {CH}_{2}\text {OH},\text {CH}_{3}\text {COOH},\text {ClCH}_{2}\text {COOH},\text {FCH}_{2}\text {COOH},\text {C}_{6}\text {H}_{5}\text {CH}_{2}\text {COOH}

Answer:

\text {FCH}_{2}\text {COOH}>\text {ClCH}_{2}\text {COOH}> \text {C}_{6}\text {H}_{5}\text {CH}_{2}\text {COOH}> \text {CH}_{3}\text {COOH}> \text {CH}_{3}\text {CH}_{2}\text {OH}
The electron-withdrawing group increase the acidity of carboxylic acids since they stabilize the conjugate base by delocalization of charge. Whereas the electron donating group decrease the acidity as the resulting conjugate base is unstable.
Higher the electronegativity, greater the acidic strength.
\left ( i.e , \text {F}>\text {Cl}>\text {C}_{6}\text {H}_{5}>\text {H} \right )

Question:28

What product will be formed on reaction of propanal with 2-methyl propanal in the presence of \text {NaOH}? What products will be formed? Write the name of the reaction also.
Answer:

On reaction of propanal with 2-methyl propanal in the presence of \text {NaOH}, aldehyde mixture is formed.

Question:30

Arrange the following in decreasing order of their acidic strength. Give explanation for the arrangement.
\text {C}_{6}\text {H}_{5}\text {COOH},\text {FCH}_{2}\text {COOH},\text {NO}_{2}\text {CH}_{2}\text {COOH}

Answer:

\text {NO}_{2}\text {CH}_{2}\text {COOH}>\text {FCH}_{2}\text {COOH}>\text {C}_{6}\text {H}_{5}\text {COOH}

\text {-NO}_{2} and \text {-F} groups are electron withdrawing groups that increase the acidity due to stable nature of resulting conjugate base. Whereas the electron-donating group decrease the acidity as the resulting conjugate base is unstable.
Higher the electronegativity, greater the acidic strength.

Question:31

Alkenes and carbonyl compounds both contain a \pi bond but alkenes show electrophilic addition reactions whereas carbonyl compounds show nucleophilic addition reactions. Explain.
Answer:

In carbonyl groups, carbon acquires a partial positive charge because oxygen is more electronegative. Thus, carbonyl group is polar in nature and hence susceptible to nucleophilic addition reaction. Alkenes, on the other hand are non-polar and electron abundant; making them susceptible to electrophilic addition reaction.

Question:32

Carboxylic acids contain carbonyl group but do not show the nucleophilic addition reaction like aldehydes or ketones. Why?
Answer:

Carboxylic acid doesnt show nucleophilic substitution reaction as because of presence of lone pair atoms on O atom of OH group decreases electrophilic character of carbonyl carbon by resonance.. Hence partial positive charge decreases and therefore it doesnt show nucleophilic substitution reactions

Question:33

Identify the compounds A, B and C in the following reaction.

Answer:

  • Compound A is \text {CH}_{3}-\text {MgBr}

  • Compound B is \text {CH}_{3}-\text {COOH}

  • Compound C is \text {CH}_{3}-\text {COOCH}_{3}

Question:34

Why are carboxylic acids more acidic than alcohols or phenols although all of them have a hydrogen atom attached to an oxygen atom (-O-H)?
Answer:

Acidity depends upon the stability of the resulting conjugate base. In case of carboxylic acid, equivalent resonance structures stabilize the carboxylate ion as the negative charge is at the more electronegative oxygen atom. Phenoxide ion, conjugate base of phenol does not have equivalent resonance structure as the negative charge is on the less electronegative carbon atom.

Question:36

Ethylbenzene is generally prepared by acetylation of benzene followed by reduction and not by direct alkylation. Think of a possible reason.

Answer:

The reason is formation of polysubstituted products. Friedel-craft’s acylation reaction can be used to avoid the formation of these products.

Question:37

Can Gatterman-Koch reaction be considered similar to Friedel Craft’s acylation? Discuss.
Answer:

Yes, the Gattermann-Koch reaction can be considered similar to Friedel Craft’s acylation reaction. In Gattermann-Koch reaction introduction of \text {-CHO} group to the benzene nucleus takes place by reacting \text {CO} with \text {HCl} gas. In Friedel-Crafts acylation reactions, treatment of benzene or any arene with an acid chloride in presence of anhydrous \text {AlCl}_{3} takes place. In this RCO group is introduced.

NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Solutions Chapter 12: Matching Type

Question:38

Match the common names given in Column I with the IUPAC names given in Column II

Column I (Common names)

Column II (IUPAC names)

(i) Cinnamaldehyde

(a) Pentanal

(ii) Acetophenone

(b) Prop-2-enal

(iii) Valeraldehyde

(c) 4-Methylpent -3-en-2-one

(iv) Acrolein

(d) 3-phenylprop-2-enal

(v) Mesityl oxide

(e) 1-Phenylethanone

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Answer:

(i \rightarrow d), (ii \rightarrow e), (iii \rightarrow a), (iv \rightarrow b), (v \rightarrow c)

Question:39

Match the acids given in Column I with their correct IUPAC names given in Column II.

Column I (Acids)

Column II(IUPAC names)

(i) Phthalic acid

(a) Hexane-1,6-dioic acid

(ii) Oxalic acid

(b) Benzene-1, 2-dicarboxylic acid

(iii) Succinic acid

(c) Pentane -1 , 5-dioic acid

(iv) Adipic acid

(d) Butane -1, 4-dioic acid

(v) Glutaric acid

(e) Ethane-1,2-dioic acid

Answer:

(i \rightarrow b), (ii \rightarrow e), (iii \rightarrow d), (iv \rightarrow a), (v \rightarrow c)

Question:40

Match the reactions given in Column I with the suitable reagents given in Column II.

Column I (Reactions)

Column II (Reagents)

(i) Benzophenone \rightarrow Diphenylmethane

(a) \text {LiAIH}_{4}

(ii) Benzaldehyde \rightarrow 1-Phenylethanol

(b) \text {DIBAL-H}

(iii) Cyclohexanone \rightarrow Cyclohexanol

(c) \text {Zn (Hg)}/\text {Conc.HCl}

(iv) Phenyl benzoate \rightarrow Benzaldehyde

(d) \text {CH}_{3}\text {MgBr}

Answer:

(i \rightarrow c), (ii \rightarrow d), (iii \rightarrow a), (iv \rightarrow b)

Question:41

Match the example given in Column I with the name of the reaction in Column II

Column I (Examples)

Column II (Reaction)

(i)

(a)

Friedel-Crafts acylation

(ii)

(b)

HVZ reaction

(iii)

(c)

Aldol condensation

(iv)

(d)

Cannizzaro's reaction

(v)

(e)

Rosenmund's reduction

(vi)

(f)

Stephen's reaction


Answer:

(i \rightarrow e), (ii \rightarrow d), (iii \rightarrow a), (iv \rightarrowb), (v \rightarrow f), (vi \rightarrow c)

NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Solutions Chapter 12: Assertion and Reason Type

Question:42

In the following question a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
Assertion: Formaldehyde is a planar molecule.
Reason: It contains \text {sp}^{2} hybridised carbon atom.

(i) Assertion and reason both are correct and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(ii) Assertion and reason both are wrong statements.
(iii) The assertion is a correct statement but the reason is the wrong statement.
(iv) The assertion is a wrong statement but the reason is the correct statement.
(v) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but the reason is not the correct
explanation of assertion.

Answer:

The answer is the option (i). Formaldehyde contains sp^{2} hybridized carbon atom. That is why it is a planar molecule. Both the assertion and reason are correct, and reason is correct explanation of assertion.

Question:43

In the following question a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
Assertion: Compounds containing \text {-CHO} group are easily oxidised to corresponding carboxylic acids.
Reason: Carboxylic acids can be reduced to alcohols by treatment with \text {LiAlH}_{4}

(i) Assertion and reason both are correct and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(ii) Assertion and reason both are wrong statements.
(iii) The assertion is a correct statement but the reason is the wrong statement.
(iv) The assertion is a wrong statement but the reason is the correct statement.
(v) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but the reason is not the correct
explanation of assertion

Answer:

The answer is the option (v). Due to high electronegativity of oxygen, carbonyl group in aldehydes are a strong electron-withdrawing group. This weakens the C-H bond in aldehydes. Even a weak oxidizing agent can oxidize the aldehydes into the corresponding carboxylic acids.

Question:44

In the following question a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
Assertion: The \alpha-hydrogen atom in carbonyl compounds is less acidic.
Reason: The anion formed after the loss of the \alpha-hydrogen atom is resonance stabilised.

(i) Assertion and reason both are correct and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(ii) Assertion and reason both are wrong statements.
(iii) The assertion is a correct statement but the reason is the wrong statement.
(iv) The assertion is a wrong statement but the reason is the correct statement.
(v) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but the reason is not the correct
explanation of assertion
Answer:

The answer is the option (iv). The \alpha -hydrogen atom in carbonyl compounds is more acidic. Carboxylic acids on dissociation in water give resonance stabilized carboxylate anions and hydronium ion.

Question:45

In the following question a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
Assertion: Aromatic aldehydes and formaldehyde undergo Cannizaro reaction.
Reason: Aromatic aldehydes are almost as reactive as formaldehyde.

(i) Assertion and reason both are correct and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(ii) Assertion and reason both are wrong statements.
(iii) The assertion is a correct statement but the reason is the wrong statement.
(iv) The assertion is a wrong statement but the reason is the correct statement.
(v) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but the reason is not the correct
explanation of assertion.
Answer:

The answer is the option (iii). Aromatic aldehydes and formaldehyde do not have a-hydrogen and thus undergo Cannizzaro’s reaction. Aldehydes with no alpha hydrogen atom undergo oxidation and reduction reaction when treated with conc. Alkali.

Question:46

In the following question a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
Assertion: Aldehydes and ketones, both react with Tollen’s reagent to form a silver mirror.
Reason: Both, aldehydes and ketones contain a carbonyl group.

(i) Assertion and reason both are correct and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(ii) Assertion and reason both are wrong statements.
(iii) The assertion is a correct statement but the reason is the wrong statement.
(iv) The assertion is a wrong statement but the reason is the correct statement.
(v) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but the reason is not the correct
explanation of assertion.
Answer:

The answer is the option (iv) Aldehyde and ketones both have carbonyl group but only the former undergoes reaction with Tollen’s reagent to give silver mirror.

NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Solutions Chapter 12: Long Answer Type

Question:47

An alkene ‘A’ (Molecular formula C_{5}H_{10}) on ozonolysis gives a mixture of two compounds ‘B’ and ‘C’. Compound ‘B’ gives positive Fehling’s test and also forms iodoform on treatment with I_{2} and NaOH. Compound ‘C’ does not give Fehling’s test but forms iodoform. Identify the compounds A, B and C. Write the reaction for ozonolysis and formation of iodoform from B and C.
Answer:

As compound B turns up with a positive result for Fehling’s test, it is an aldehyde. It also gives a positive result to the iodoform test, which implies that it has a \text {-COCH}_{3} group. Compound C with a positive iodoform test and negative Fehling’s test, is a ketone.


Question:49

Write down functional isomers of a carbonyl compound with molecular formula C_{3}H_{6}O. Which isomer will react faster with HCN and why? Explain the mechanism of the reaction also. Will the reaction lead to the completion with the conversion of whole reactant into product at reaction conditions? If a strong acid is added to the reaction mixture what will be the effect on concentration of the product and why?
Answer:

C_{3}H_{6}O_{} will have following isomer.

Compound 1 (Propanal) is more susceptible to a reaction with HCN as carbon atom in carbonyl group acquires more positive charge than carbon atom in compound 2 (propan-2-one). Moreover, there is much less static hindrance in compound 1 compared to compound 2.
Equilibrium is established in this reaction as it is reversible in nature. Addition of an acid hinders the formation of CN- ion and thus, can stop the reaction.

Also, check NCERT solutions for class 12, other subjects.

Studying the chapter “Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids” from Class 12 Chemistry NCERT exemplar solutions chapter 12 will not only help you to write IUPAC names of different ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids, but will also help you to remember these for future.

Major Subtopics in NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Solutions Chapter 12 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

  • Nomenclature and Structure of Carbonyl Group
  • Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
  • Physical Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones
  • Chemical Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones
  • Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones
  • Structure of Carboxyl Group
  • Nomenclature of Carboxyl Group
  • Methods of Preparation of Carboxylic Acids
  • Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids
  • Chemical Reactions of Carboxylic Acids
  • Uses of Carboxylic Acids
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NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Solutions

Important Topics in NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Solutions Chapter 12

- The physical properties and chemical reactions of very important hydrocarbons (from exams point of view) is talked about in detail

- Students will also learn about nomenclatures and various structures of different carboxyl groups with their detailed diagrams provided by Class 12 Chemistry NCERT exemplar solutions chapter 12, which again is very crucial from exam point of view.

- Studying from NCERT exemplar Class 12 Chemistry solutions chapter 12 will help students to understand the concept better

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Frequently Asked Question (FAQs)

1. What will the students learn from NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry solutions chapter 12?

Students will learn about physical properties, uses and chemical reactions of very crucial hydrocarbons like Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids alongside it’s nomenclatures and various structures of the carboxyl groups and the IUPAC names  of different ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids.

2. Who prepared these Chapter 12 solutions?

Our Chemistry teachers prepared these NCERT Class 12 exemplar solutions for chapter 12.

3. What are the topics covered in NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Exemplar solution chapter 12?

There are the topics covered in NCERT Class 12 Chemistry exemplar solution chapter 12

  • Nomenclature and Structure of Carbonyl Group
  • Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
  • Physical Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones
  • Chemical Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones
  • Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones
  • Structure of Carboxyl Group
  • Nomenclature of Carboxyl Group
  • Methods of Preparation of Carboxylic Acids
  • Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids
  • Chemical Reactions of Carboxylic Acids
  • Uses of Carboxylic Acids

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Questions related to CBSE Class 12th

Have a question related to CBSE Class 12th ?

hello,

Yes you can appear for the compartment paper again since CBSE gives three chances to a candidate to clear his/her exams so you still have two more attempts. However, you can appear for your improvement paper for all subjects but you cannot appear for the ones in which you have failed.

I hope this was helpful!

Good Luck

Hello dear,

If you was not able to clear 1st compartment and now you giving second compartment so YES, you can go for your improvement exam next year but if a student receives an improvement, they are given the opportunity to retake the boards as a private candidate the following year, but there are some requirements. First, the student must pass all of their subjects; if they received a compartment in any subject, they must then pass the compartment exam before being eligible for the improvement.


As you can registered yourself as private candidate for giving your improvement exam of 12 standard CBSE(Central Board of Secondary Education).For that you have to wait for a whole year which is bit difficult for you.


Positive side of waiting for whole year is you have a whole year to preparing yourself for your examination. You have no distraction or something which may causes your failure in the exams. In whole year you have to stay focused on your 12 standard examination for doing well in it. By this you get a highest marks as a comparison of others.


Believe in Yourself! You can make anything happen


All the very best.

Hello Student,

I appreciate your Interest in education. See the improvement is not restricted to one subject or multiple subjects  and  we cannot say if improvement in one subject in one year leads to improvement in more subjects in coming year.

You just need to have a revision of all subjects what you have completed in the school. have a revision and practice of subjects and concepts helps you better.

All the best.

If you'll do hard work then by hard work of 6 months you can achieve your goal but you have to start studying for it dont waste your time its a very important year so please dont waste it otherwise you'll regret.

Yes, you can take admission in class 12th privately there are many colleges in which you can give 12th privately.

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A block of mass 0.50 kg is moving with a speed of 2.00 ms-1 on a smooth surface. It strikes another mass of 1.00 kg and then they move together as a single body. The energy loss during the collision is

Option 1)

0.34\; J

Option 2)

0.16\; J

Option 3)

1.00\; J

Option 4)

0.67\; J

A person trying to lose weight by burning fat lifts a mass of 10 kg upto a height of 1 m 1000 times.  Assume that the potential energy lost each time he lowers the mass is dissipated.  How much fat will he use up considering the work done only when the weight is lifted up ?  Fat supplies 3.8×107 J of energy per kg which is converted to mechanical energy with a 20% efficiency rate.  Take g = 9.8 ms−2 :

Option 1)

2.45×10−3 kg

Option 2)

 6.45×10−3 kg

Option 3)

 9.89×10−3 kg

Option 4)

12.89×10−3 kg

 

An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated to be in the range

Option 1)

2,000 \; J - 5,000\; J

Option 2)

200 \, \, J - 500 \, \, J

Option 3)

2\times 10^{5}J-3\times 10^{5}J

Option 4)

20,000 \, \, J - 50,000 \, \, J

A particle is projected at 600   to the horizontal with a kinetic energy K. The kinetic energy at the highest point

Option 1)

K/2\,

Option 2)

\; K\;

Option 3)

zero\;

Option 4)

K/4

In the reaction,

2Al_{(s)}+6HCL_{(aq)}\rightarrow 2Al^{3+}\, _{(aq)}+6Cl^{-}\, _{(aq)}+3H_{2(g)}

Option 1)

11.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}  at STP  is produced for every mole HCL_{(aq)}  consumed

Option 2)

6L\, HCl_{(aq)}  is consumed for ever 3L\, H_{2(g)}      produced

Option 3)

33.6 L\, H_{2(g)} is produced regardless of temperature and pressure for every mole Al that reacts

Option 4)

67.2\, L\, H_{2(g)} at STP is produced for every mole Al that reacts .

How many moles of magnesium phosphate, Mg_{3}(PO_{4})_{2} will contain 0.25 mole of oxygen atoms?

Option 1)

0.02

Option 2)

3.125 × 10-2

Option 3)

1.25 × 10-2

Option 4)

2.5 × 10-2

If we consider that 1/6, in place of 1/12, mass of carbon atom is taken to be the relative atomic mass unit, the mass of one mole of a substance will

Option 1)

decrease twice

Option 2)

increase two fold

Option 3)

remain unchanged

Option 4)

be a function of the molecular mass of the substance.

With increase of temperature, which of these changes?

Option 1)

Molality

Option 2)

Weight fraction of solute

Option 3)

Fraction of solute present in water

Option 4)

Mole fraction.

Number of atoms in 558.5 gram Fe (at. wt.of Fe = 55.85 g mol-1) is

Option 1)

twice that in 60 g carbon

Option 2)

6.023 × 1022

Option 3)

half that in 8 g He

Option 4)

558.5 × 6.023 × 1023

A pulley of radius 2 m is rotated about its axis by a force F = (20t - 5t2) newton (where t is measured in seconds) applied tangentially. If the moment of inertia of the pulley about its axis of rotation is 10 kg m2 , the number of rotations made by the pulley before its direction of motion if reversed, is

Option 1)

less than 3

Option 2)

more than 3 but less than 6

Option 3)

more than 6 but less than 9

Option 4)

more than 9

Bio Medical Engineer

The field of biomedical engineering opens up a universe of expert chances. An Individual in the biomedical engineering career path work in the field of engineering as well as medicine, in order to find out solutions to common problems of the two fields. The biomedical engineering job opportunities are to collaborate with doctors and researchers to develop medical systems, equipment, or devices that can solve clinical problems. Here we will be discussing jobs after biomedical engineering, how to get a job in biomedical engineering, biomedical engineering scope, and salary. 

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Data Administrator

Database professionals use software to store and organise data such as financial information, and customer shipping records. Individuals who opt for a career as data administrators ensure that data is available for users and secured from unauthorised sales. DB administrators may work in various types of industries. It may involve computer systems design, service firms, insurance companies, banks and hospitals.

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Ethical Hacker

A career as ethical hacker involves various challenges and provides lucrative opportunities in the digital era where every giant business and startup owns its cyberspace on the world wide web. Individuals in the ethical hacker career path try to find the vulnerabilities in the cyber system to get its authority. If he or she succeeds in it then he or she gets its illegal authority. Individuals in the ethical hacker career path then steal information or delete the file that could affect the business, functioning, or services of the organization.

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Data Analyst

The invention of the database has given fresh breath to the people involved in the data analytics career path. Analysis refers to splitting up a whole into its individual components for individual analysis. Data analysis is a method through which raw data are processed and transformed into information that would be beneficial for user strategic thinking.

Data are collected and examined to respond to questions, evaluate hypotheses or contradict theories. It is a tool for analyzing, transforming, modeling, and arranging data with useful knowledge, to assist in decision-making and methods, encompassing various strategies, and is used in different fields of business, research, and social science.

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Geothermal Engineer

Individuals who opt for a career as geothermal engineers are the professionals involved in the processing of geothermal energy. The responsibilities of geothermal engineers may vary depending on the workplace location. Those who work in fields design facilities to process and distribute geothermal energy. They oversee the functioning of machinery used in the field.

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Remote Sensing Technician

Individuals who opt for a career as a remote sensing technician possess unique personalities. Remote sensing analysts seem to be rational human beings, they are strong, independent, persistent, sincere, realistic and resourceful. Some of them are analytical as well, which means they are intelligent, introspective and inquisitive. 

Remote sensing scientists use remote sensing technology to support scientists in fields such as community planning, flight planning or the management of natural resources. Analysing data collected from aircraft, satellites or ground-based platforms using statistical analysis software, image analysis software or Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a significant part of their work. Do you want to learn how to become remote sensing technician? There's no need to be concerned; we've devised a simple remote sensing technician career path for you. Scroll through the pages and read.

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Geotechnical engineer

The role of geotechnical engineer starts with reviewing the projects needed to define the required material properties. The work responsibilities are followed by a site investigation of rock, soil, fault distribution and bedrock properties on and below an area of interest. The investigation is aimed to improve the ground engineering design and determine their engineering properties that include how they will interact with, on or in a proposed construction. 

The role of geotechnical engineer in mining includes designing and determining the type of foundations, earthworks, and or pavement subgrades required for the intended man-made structures to be made. Geotechnical engineering jobs are involved in earthen and concrete dam construction projects, working under a range of normal and extreme loading conditions. 

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Cartographer

How fascinating it is to represent the whole world on just a piece of paper or a sphere. With the help of maps, we are able to represent the real world on a much smaller scale. Individuals who opt for a career as a cartographer are those who make maps. But, cartography is not just limited to maps, it is about a mixture of art, science, and technology. As a cartographer, not only you will create maps but use various geodetic surveys and remote sensing systems to measure, analyse, and create different maps for political, cultural or educational purposes.

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Budget Analyst

Budget analysis, in a nutshell, entails thoroughly analyzing the details of a financial budget. The budget analysis aims to better understand and manage revenue. Budget analysts assist in the achievement of financial targets, the preservation of profitability, and the pursuit of long-term growth for a business. Budget analysts generally have a bachelor's degree in accounting, finance, economics, or a closely related field. Knowledge of Financial Management is of prime importance in this career.

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Data Analyst

The invention of the database has given fresh breath to the people involved in the data analytics career path. Analysis refers to splitting up a whole into its individual components for individual analysis. Data analysis is a method through which raw data are processed and transformed into information that would be beneficial for user strategic thinking.

Data are collected and examined to respond to questions, evaluate hypotheses or contradict theories. It is a tool for analyzing, transforming, modeling, and arranging data with useful knowledge, to assist in decision-making and methods, encompassing various strategies, and is used in different fields of business, research, and social science.

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Product Manager

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Underwriter

An underwriter is a person who assesses and evaluates the risk of insurance in his or her field like mortgage, loan, health policy, investment, and so on and so forth. The underwriter career path does involve risks as analysing the risks means finding out if there is a way for the insurance underwriter jobs to recover the money from its clients. If the risk turns out to be too much for the company then in the future it is an underwriter who will be held accountable for it. Therefore, one must carry out his or her job with a lot of attention and diligence.

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Finance Executive
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Individuals in the operations manager jobs are responsible for ensuring the efficiency of each department to acquire its optimal goal. They plan the use of resources and distribution of materials. The operations manager's job description includes managing budgets, negotiating contracts, and performing administrative tasks.

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Investment Director

An investment director is a person who helps corporations and individuals manage their finances. They can help them develop a strategy to achieve their goals, including paying off debts and investing in the future. In addition, he or she can help individuals make informed decisions.

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Welding Engineer

Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues. 

5 Jobs Available
Transportation Planner

A career as Transportation Planner requires technical application of science and technology in engineering, particularly the concepts, equipment and technologies involved in the production of products and services. In fields like land use, infrastructure review, ecological standards and street design, he or she considers issues of health, environment and performance. A Transportation Planner assigns resources for implementing and designing programmes. He or she is responsible for assessing needs, preparing plans and forecasts and compliance with regulations.

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Plumber

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Construction Manager

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Urban Planner

Urban Planning careers revolve around the idea of developing a plan to use the land optimally, without affecting the environment. Urban planning jobs are offered to those candidates who are skilled in making the right use of land to distribute the growing population, to create various communities. 

Urban planning careers come with the opportunity to make changes to the existing cities and towns. They identify various community needs and make short and long-term plans accordingly.

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Highway Engineer

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Environmental Engineer

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Naval Architect

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Orthotist and Prosthetist

Orthotists and Prosthetists are professionals who provide aid to patients with disabilities. They fix them to artificial limbs (prosthetics) and help them to regain stability. There are times when people lose their limbs in an accident. In some other occasions, they are born without a limb or orthopaedic impairment. Orthotists and prosthetists play a crucial role in their lives with fixing them to assistive devices and provide mobility.

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Speech Therapist
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Audiologist

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For an individual who opts for a career as an actor, the primary responsibility is to completely speak to the character he or she is playing and to persuade the crowd that the character is genuine by connecting with them and bringing them into the story. This applies to significant roles and littler parts, as all roles join to make an effective creation. Here in this article, we will discuss how to become an actor in India, actor exams, actor salary in India, and actor jobs. 

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Video Game Designer

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Depending on the video game designer job description and experience they may also have to lead a team and do the early testing of the game in order to suggest changes and find loopholes.

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Radio Jockey

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A career as radio jockey has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. If you want to know more about a career as radio jockey, and how to become a radio jockey then continue reading the article.

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Choreographer

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Videographer
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Multimedia Specialist

A multimedia specialist is a media professional who creates, audio, videos, graphic image files, computer animations for multimedia applications. He or she is responsible for planning, producing, and maintaining websites and applications. 

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Social Media Manager

A career as social media manager involves implementing the company’s or brand’s marketing plan across all social media channels. Social media managers help in building or improving a brand’s or a company’s website traffic, build brand awareness, create and implement marketing and brand strategy. Social media managers are key to important social communication as well.

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Copy Writer

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Journalist

Careers in journalism are filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. One cannot afford to miss out on the details. As it is the small details that provide insights into a story. Depending on those insights a journalist goes about writing a news article. A journalism career can be stressful at times but if you are someone who is passionate about it then it is the right choice for you. If you want to know more about the media field and journalist career then continue reading this article.

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Publisher

For publishing books, newspapers, magazines and digital material, editorial and commercial strategies are set by publishers. Individuals in publishing career paths make choices about the markets their businesses will reach and the type of content that their audience will be served. Individuals in book publisher careers collaborate with editorial staff, designers, authors, and freelance contributors who develop and manage the creation of content.

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Vlogger

In a career as a vlogger, one generally works for himself or herself. However, once an individual has gained viewership there are several brands and companies that approach them for paid collaboration. It is one of those fields where an individual can earn well while following his or her passion. 

Ever since internet costs got reduced the viewership for these types of content has increased on a large scale. Therefore, a career as a vlogger has a lot to offer. If you want to know more about the Vlogger eligibility, roles and responsibilities then continue reading the article. 

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Editor

Individuals in the editor career path is an unsung hero of the news industry who polishes the language of the news stories provided by stringers, reporters, copywriters and content writers and also news agencies. Individuals who opt for a career as an editor make it more persuasive, concise and clear for readers. In this article, we will discuss the details of the editor's career path such as how to become an editor in India, editor salary in India and editor skills and qualities.

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Linguist

Linguistic meaning is related to language or Linguistics which is the study of languages. A career as a linguistic meaning, a profession that is based on the scientific study of language, and it's a very broad field with many specialities. Famous linguists work in academia, researching and teaching different areas of language, such as phonetics (sounds), syntax (word order) and semantics (meaning). 

Other researchers focus on specialities like computational linguistics, which seeks to better match human and computer language capacities, or applied linguistics, which is concerned with improving language education. Still, others work as language experts for the government, advertising companies, dictionary publishers and various other private enterprises. Some might work from home as freelance linguists. Philologist, phonologist, and dialectician are some of Linguist synonym. Linguists can study French, German, Italian

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Public Relation Executive
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Travel Journalist

The career of a travel journalist is full of passion, excitement and responsibility. Journalism as a career could be challenging at times, but if you're someone who has been genuinely enthusiastic about all this, then it is the best decision for you. Travel journalism jobs are all about insightful, artfully written, informative narratives designed to cover the travel industry. Travel Journalist is someone who explores, gathers and presents information as a news article.

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Welding Engineer

Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues. 

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QA Manager
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Quality Controller

A quality controller plays a crucial role in an organisation. He or she is responsible for performing quality checks on manufactured products. He or she identifies the defects in a product and rejects the product. 

A quality controller records detailed information about products with defects and sends it to the supervisor or plant manager to take necessary actions to improve the production process.

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Product Manager

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QA Lead

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Metallurgical Engineer

A metallurgical engineer is a professional who studies and produces materials that bring power to our world. He or she extracts metals from ores and rocks and transforms them into alloys, high-purity metals and other materials used in developing infrastructure, transportation and healthcare equipment. 

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Azure Administrator

An Azure Administrator is a professional responsible for implementing, monitoring, and maintaining Azure Solutions. He or she manages cloud infrastructure service instances and various cloud servers as well as sets up public and private cloud systems. 

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AWS Solution Architect

An AWS Solution Architect is someone who specializes in developing and implementing cloud computing systems. He or she has a good understanding of the various aspects of cloud computing and can confidently deploy and manage their systems. He or she troubleshoots the issues and evaluates the risk from the third party. 

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QA Manager
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Computer Programmer

Careers in computer programming primarily refer to the systematic act of writing code and moreover include wider computer science areas. The word 'programmer' or 'coder' has entered into practice with the growing number of newly self-taught tech enthusiasts. Computer programming careers involve the use of designs created by software developers and engineers and transforming them into commands that can be implemented by computers. These commands result in regular usage of social media sites, word-processing applications and browsers.

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A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

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Information Security Manager

Individuals in the information security manager career path involves in overseeing and controlling all aspects of computer security. The IT security manager job description includes planning and carrying out security measures to protect the business data and information from corruption, theft, unauthorised access, and deliberate attack 

3 Jobs Available
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