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In every school, each student has a unique ID number, and in the school’s database, that ID number represents the relation to that specific student. Similarly, in Mathematics, the Relations and Functions chapter discusses the connection between elements of two sets and their mapping. Also, this chapter includes the domain, co-domain, range, and graphing of a function. Relations and functions class 11 NCERT solutions are useful for calculus chapters(Differentiation and Integration) as well as algebra and coordinate geometry. In day-to-day life, Relations and Functions can be helpful in Science, Engineering, and many more fields.
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NCERT notes Class 11 Maths Chapter 2 Relations and Functions offer well-structured content to help the students grasp the concepts of Relations and Functions easily. Students who want to revise the key topics of Relations and Functions quickly will find this article very useful. The Subject Matter Experts made these notes of Class 11 Maths Chapter 2 Relations and Functions according to the latest CBSE syllabus, and kept it simple and understandable. NCERT solutions for class 11 maths and NCERT solutions for other subjects and classes can be downloaded from NCERT Solutions.
Ordered Pair: Two elements form an ordered pair.
Representation: (a,b)
NOTE: 2 ordered pairs (a,b) and (c,d) are said to be equal if (a=c) and (b=d)
Cartesian Product: If sets A, and B has an ordered pair of (a,b) where a A and b B, are called Cartesian product.
Denoted by: AXB
Set builder form: AXB ={(a,b) : a ∈A and b∈ B}
NOTE:
If A=∅ , B= ∅then cartesian product AXB=∅.
It doesn’t satisfy the commutative law: (A, B)≠(B, A)
If any of the two sets is an infinite set then the whole product becomes infinite.
A=infinite, B=finite then AXB and BXA are also infinite.
If n(A)=m (m=number of elements in A), n(B)=n then the number of elements in the cartesian product is mn.
Eg: n(A) = 3 and n(B)=2 then n(AXB) = 6.
Relations:
A group of ordered pairs containing one element from each set is called a relation between two sets. Suppose A, and B are both non-empty sets, then the relation is a subset of the Cartesian products of (AXB).
A subset is a relation between the first and second elements of ordered pairs in A × B.
The set of first elements in relations is called the domain, and the next element is called the image or range of R.
Set builder form: R={(a,b): (a,b)∈R}
Representation Of Relation:
Note:
Inverse Relation:
Sets
Set builder form :
The domain of the relation R will be the range of inverse relation
A relation F from A to B is called a function if every element in set A of a function has only one image in set B of a function.
A relation
In other words, a function
The notation
The set of all values of
range of
Function denoted as f: A→B is said to be a real-valued function if B is a subset of R . If A, and B are subsets of R, in such conditions, we can call f a real function.
Identity function:
A function is said to be an identity function if a function f: R→R when f(x)=x for each x belonging to R satisfies.
Consider the graph of an identity function f(x)=x:
Domain= R
Range = C
Constant Function :
A function is said to be a constant function if a function f: R R when f(x)=C for each C belonging to R.
Consider the graph of a constant function:
Domain= R
Range = C
Polynomial Function:
A function is said to be a Polynomial function if a function f: RR when each x belonging to R satisfies.
Rational Functions:
The functions that belong to Real functions, and are represented as f(x)/g(x) where f(x) and g(x) ≠ 0, are polynomial functions that are represented using x, and they belong to R.
Modulus Function:
Real function f: R → R is said to be a modulus function if
Domain:
Range :
Signum Function:
Real function f: R → R is said to be a Signum function if f(x) = lxl / x where x≠0 and when x = 0 we get
Domain= R
Range={-1,0,1}
Greatest Integer Function:
Real function f: R → R is said to be the greatest integer function if f(x)=[x] where x belongs to R and values of x are the greatest integer or less than or equal to x.
Fractional Function:
Real function f: R → R is said to be a rational function if f(x)={x} where x belongs to R.
f(x) = {x} = x – [x]
Domain: R
Range : [0,1)
Addition Of Two Algebraic Functions:
If f: X → R g: X →R are real functions, then we represent: (f + g): X → R as (f + g) (x) = f (x) +g(x) where x belongs to X.
Subtraction Of Real Functions:
If f X → R and g :X → R are real functions, then we represent : (f – g): → R as (f – g) (x) = f (x) – g(x) where x belongs to X.
Multiplication Of Scalar:
If f :X → R is a real function, K is any scalar
product of Kf is defined by : (Kf)(x) = Kf(x)
Multiplication Of Two Real Functions:
If f: → R and g: X→ R are real functions,
The product of the two functions is defined by: (fg) x = f(x). gx)
The Quotient Of Two Real Functions:
If f and g are two real functions, then the
The quotient of f by g is given by fg from XR.
(f/g)(x) = f(x)/g(x) where g(x)≠0
With this topic, we conclude NCERT Class 11 chapter 2.
After finishing the textbook exercises, students can use the following links to check the NCERT exemplar solutions for a better understanding of the concepts.
Students can also check these well-structured, subject-wise solutions.
Students should always analyze the latest CBSE syllabus before making a study routine. The following links will help them check the syllabus. Also, here is access to more reference books.
NCERT Class 11 Maths Chapter 2 notes will be very helpful for students to score maximum marks in their 11 class exams. In Relations and Functions Class 11 chapter 2 notes we have discussed many topics: Cartesian product, relations, functions, different types of functions, Algebra of a real function, multiplication of two real functions, and quotient function. NCERT Class 11 Maths chapter 2 covers important topics of Class 11 CBSE Maths Syllabus.
Happy learning !!!
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