NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 15 Probability

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 15 Probability

Edited By Ramraj Saini | Updated on Sep 09, 2023 12:19 PM IST | #CBSE Class 10th

NCERT Solution for probability class 10

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 15 Probability provided here. These NCERT solutions are created by expert team at Careers360 keeping in mind latest syllabus of CBSE 2023-24. NCERT solutions for Class 10 Maths chapter 15 will give you step by step explanation of each and every question of NCERT Class 10 Maths books related to probability. Experts have prepared NCERT 10th Class Maths Chapter 15 solutions in simple language and solved all related questions. These Probability Class 10 introduces the theoretical probability of an event, and discuss simple questions based on this concept. NCERT Class 10 Maths solutions chapter 15 contain a total of 2 exercises covering answers to 30 questions.

Also, check NCERT solutions for class 10 for other subjects.

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NCERT Solution for probability class 10 - Important Formuale

Empirical Probability - Empirical probability pertains to the likelihood of events based on real-world experiments. It's quantified as follows:

Empirical Probability = (Number of Trials with Expected Outcome)/(Total Number of Trials)

Theoretical Probability - Theoretical probability, similar to empirical probability, deals with event likelihood derived from experiments. The formulation is as follows

Theoretical Probability = (Number of Favourable Outcomes to Event E)/(Total Number of Possible Outcomes in the Experiment)

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 15 Probability (Intext Questions and Exercise)

NCERT Probability Class 10 Solutions Excercise: 15.1

Q1 (i) Complete the following statements: Probability of an event E + Probability of the event ‘not E’ = ________.

Answer:

Probability of an event E + Probability of the event ‘not E’ = 1

\\ E \cup E' = S \\ P(E \cup E') = P(S) = 1

Q1 (ii) The probability of an event that cannot happen is ______. Such an event is called ______.

Answer:

The probability of an event that cannot happen is 0. Such an event is called an impossible event.

When there is no outcome favorable, i.e., the number of outcomes is zero.

Q1 (iii) The probability of an event that is certain to happen is_____ . Such an event is called _______.

Answer:

The probability of an event that is certain to happen is 1. Such an event is called a sure/certain event

When the number of favorable outcomes is the same as the number of all possible outcomes it is a sure event.

Q1 (iv) The sum of the probabilities of all the elementary events of an experiment is _______.

Answer:

The sum of the probabilities of all the elementary events of an experiment is 1 .

Q1 (v) The probability of an event is greater than or equal to and less than or equal to ________ .

Answer:

The probability of an event is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1 .

Q2 (i) Which of the following experiments have equally likely outcomes? Explain. A driver attempts to start a car. The car starts or does not start.

Answer:

It is not an equally likely event since it relies on various factors that are not alike for both the outcomes.

Q2 (ii) Which of the following experiments have equally likely outcomes? Explain.

A player attempts to shoot a basketball. She/he shoots or misses the shot.

Answer:

It is not an equally likely event, because it depends on the ability and amount of practice of the player. If he is a professional player, he will more likely have a successful shot. Whereas an amateur player will more likely miss the shot.

Q2 (iii) Which of the following experiments have equally likely outcomes? Explain.

A trial is made to answer a true-false question. The answer is right or wrong.

Answer:

It is an equally likely event. The only options are true or false and only one of them is correct.

Q2 (iv) Which of the following experiments have equally likely outcomes? Explain.

A baby is born. It is a boy or a girl.

Answer:

It is an equally likely event. The only possibilities of gender are boy and girl. Hence if not boy then girl and vice versa.

Q3 Why is tossing a coin considered to be a fair way of deciding which team should get the ball at the beginning of a football game?

Answer:

The tossing of the coin is considered to be a fair way of deciding because the only possible outcomes are head and tails. Hence they are equally likely events.

Q4 Which of the following cannot be the probability of an event?

(A) 2/3

(B) –1.5

(C) 15%

(D) 0.7

Answer:

We know, probability of an event is either greater than or equal to 0 and always less than or equal to 1. Hence the probability of an event can never be negative.

Therefore, (B) -1.5 cannot be the probability of an event.

Also, (A) : \frac{2}{3} = 0.67

(C): 15\% = \frac{15}{100} = 0.15

(D): 0.7

Hence (A), (C), (D) all lie between 0 and 1.

Q5 If P(E) = 0.05, what is the probability of ‘not E’?

Answer:

Given, P(E) = 0.05

We know,

P(not\ E) = 1 - P(E)

\therefore P(not\ E) = 1 - 0.05 = 0.95

Hence, the probability of 'not E' is 0.95

Q6 (i) A bag contains lemon-flavored candies only. Malini takes out one candy without looking into the bag. What is the probability that she takes out- (i) an orange-flavored candy?

Answer:

According to the question, the bag contains only lemon-flavored candies. It does not contain any orange flavor candy. Hence, every time only lemon flavor candy will come out. Therefore, P(an\ orange\ flavoured\ candy) = 0 i.e. event of taking out an orange-flavored candy is an impossible event.

Q6 (ii) A bag contains lemon-flavored candies only. Malini takes out one candy without looking into the bag. What is the probability that she takes out (ii) a lemon-flavored candy?

Answer:

According to the question, the bag contains only lemon-flavored candies. So the event that Malini takes out a lemon-flavored candy is a sure event. Therefore, P(a\ lemon\ flavoured\ candy) = 1

Q7 It is given that in a group of 3 students, the probability of 2 students not having the same birthday is 0.992. What is the probability that the 2 students have the same birthday?

Answer:

Given,

Probability of two students not having the same birthday P (\overline E) = 0.992

\therefore Probability of two students having the same birthday = P (E) = 1 - P (\overline E)

= 1 - 0.992 = 0.008

Hence, the probability that the 2 students have the same birthday is 0.008

Q8 (i) A bag contains 3 red balls and 5 black balls. A ball is drawn at random from the bag. What is the probability that the ball drawn is (i) red ?

Answer:

Total number of balls in the bag = 8
No. of red balls = 3
No. of black balls = 5

(i) Let E be the event of getting a red ball

n(E) = No. of red balls = 3
n(S) = No. of total balls = 8

\therefore Probability of the ball drawn to be red =
P = \frac{n(E)}{n(S)}
= \frac{3}{8}

Q8 (ii) A bag contains 3 red balls and 5 black balls. A ball is drawn at random from the bag. What is the probability that the ball drawn is not red?

Answer:

Total number of balls in the bag = 8
No. of red balls = 3
No. of black balls = 5

(ii) We know,
P(not\ E) = P (\overline E) = 1 - P (E)
where E\ and\ \overline E are complementary events.

\therefore Probability of not getting the red ball
= 1 - Probability\ of\ getting\ a\ red\ ball
\\ = 1 - \frac{3}{8} \\ = \frac{5}{8}

Q9 (i) A box contains 5 red marbles, 8 white marbles and 4 green marbles. One marble is taken out of the box at random. What is the probability that the marble taken out will be (i) red ?

Answer:

Given,

Total number of balls in the bag = 5 + 8 + 4 = 17

(i) Let R be the event that the ball taken out is red

The number of possible outcomes = 17

The number of outcomes favorable to the event R = 5

\therefore P(R) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes}=\frac{5}{17}

Q9 (ii) A box contains 5 red marbles, 8 white marbles and 4 green marbles. One marble is taken out of the box at random. What is the probability that the marble taken out will be (ii) white?

Answer:

Given,

Total number of balls in the bag = 5 + 8 + 4 = 17

(ii) Let W be the event that the ball taken out is white

The number of possible outcomes = 17

The number of outcomes favorable to the event W = 8

\therefore P(W) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes}=\frac{8}{17}

Q9 (iii) A box contains 5 red marbles, 8 white marbles and 4 green marbles. One marble is taken out of the box at random. What is the probability that the marble taken out will be not (iii) green?

Answer:

Given,

Total number of balls in the bag = 5 + 8 + 4 = 17

(iii) Let G be the event that the ball taken out is green

The number of possible outcomes = 17

The number of outcomes favorable to the event G = 4

\therefore P(G) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes}=\frac{4}{17}

\\ \therefore P(not\ G) =P(\overline G) =1-P(G) \\ = 1-\frac{4}{17} \\ = \frac{13}{17}

The required probability of not getting a green ball is \frac{13}{17}

Q10 (i) A piggy bank contains hundred 50p coins, fifty Rs 1 coins, twenty Rs 2 coins and ten Rs 5 coins. If it is equally likely that one of the coins will fall out when the bank is turned upside down, what is the probability that the coin will be a 50 p coin?

Answer:

Total number of coins in the piggy bank = 100+50+20+10 = 180

Let E be the event of getting a 50p coin.

Number of possible outcomes = 180

Number of outcomes favorable to event E = 100

\therefore P(E) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{100}{180}

= \frac{5}{9}

Therefore, the probability of getting a 50p coin is \frac{5}{9}

Q10 (ii) A piggy bank contains hundred 50p coins, fifty Rs 1 coins, twenty Rs 2 coins and ten Rs 5 coins. If it is equally likely that one of the coins will fall out when the bank is turned upside down, what is the probability that the coin will not be a Rs 5 coin?

Answer:

Total number of coins in the piggy bank = 100+50+20+10 = 180

Let F be the event of getting an Rs. 5 coin.

Number of possible outcomes = 180

Number of outcomes favorable to event E = 10

\therefore P(F) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{10}{180}

= \frac{1}{18}

\therefore P(not\ getting\ a\ Rs.\ 5\ coin )=P(\overline F)

= 1 - P(F) = 1 - \frac{1}{18} = \frac{17}{18}

Therefore, the probability of not getting an Rs. 5 coin is \frac{17}{18}

Q11 Gopi buys a fish from a shop for his aquarium. The shopkeeper takes out one fish at random from a tank containing 5 male fish and 8 female fish (see Fig. 15.4). What is the probability that the fish taken out is a male fish?

1636085685288

Answer:

Total number of fishes in the tank = 5 (male) + 8 (female) = 13

Let E be the event that the fish taken out is a male fish.

Number of possible outcomes = 13

Number of outcomes favorable to E = 5

\therefore P(E) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{5}{13}

Therefore, the probability that the fish are taken out is a male fish is \frac{5}{13}

Q12 (i) A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow which comes to rest pointing at one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (see Fig. 15. 5 ), and these are equally likely outcomes. What is the probability that it will point at 8?

1636086163073

Answer:

Total posible outcomes = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}

Number of possible outcomes = 8

Let E be the event of getting 8.

\therefore P(E) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{1}{8}

Therefore, the probability that it will point at 8 is \frac{1}{8}

Q12 (ii) A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow which comes to rest pointing at one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (see Fig. 15. 5 ), and these are equally likely outcomes. What is the probability that it will point at an odd number?

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Answer:

Total posible outcomes = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}

Number of possible outcomes = 8

Let E be the event of pointing at an odd number.

Total number of odd numbers = n({1,3,5,7}) = 4

\therefore P(E) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{4}{8}

= \frac{1}{2}
Therefore, the probability of getting an odd number is \frac{1}{2}

Q12 (iii) A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow which comes to rest pointing at one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (see Fig. 15. 5 ), and these are equally likely outcomes. What is the probability that it will point at a number greater than 2?

1636086187109

Answer:

Total posible outcomes = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}

Number of possible outcomes = 8

Let E be the event of pointing at number greater than 2

Number of favouable outcomes= n({3,4,5,6,7}) = 5

\therefore P(E) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{5}{8}
Therefore, the probability of pointing at a number greater than 2 is \frac{5}{8}

Q12 (iv) A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow which comes to rest pointing at one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (see Fig. 15. 5 ), and these are equally likely outcomes. What is the probability that it will point at a number less than 9?

1636086187109

Answer:

Total possible outcomes = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}

Number of possible outcomes = 8

Let E be the event of pointing at a number less than 9

Since all the numbers on the wheel are less than 9, this is the sure event.

Number of favorable outcomes = 8

\therefore P(E) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{8}{8} = 1
Therefore, the probability of pointing at a number less than 9 is 1
.

Q13 (i) A die is thrown once. Find the probability of getting a prime number

Answer:

Possible outcomes when a die is thrown = {1,2,3,4,5,6}

Number of possible outcomes once = 6

(i) Let E be the event of getting a prime number.

Prime numbers on the die are = {2,3,5}

Number of favorable outcomes = 3

\therefore P(E) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{3}{6}

= \frac{1}{2}

Therefore, the probability of getting a prime number is \dpi{100} \frac{1}{2}

Q13 (ii) A die is thrown once. Find the probability of getting a number lying between 2 and 6

Answer:

Possible outcomes when a die is thrown once = {1,2,3,4,5,6}

Number of possible outcomes = 6

(ii) Let F be the event of getting a number lying between 2 and 6

Numbers lying between 2 and 6 on the die are = {3,4,5}

Number of favorable outcomes = 3

\therefore P(F) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{3}{6}

= \frac{1}{2}

Therefore, the probability of getting a number lying between 2 and 6 is \frac{1}{2}

Q13 (iii) A die is thrown once. Find the probability of getting an odd number.

Answer:

Possible outcomes when a die is thrown = {1,2,3,4,5,6}

Number of possible outcomes once = 6

(iii) Let O be the event of getting an odd number.

Odd numbers on the die are = {1,3,5}

Number of favorable outcomes = 3

\therefore P(O) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{3}{6}

= \frac{1}{2}

Therefore, the probability of getting an odd number is \frac{1}{2} .

Q14 (i) One card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability of getting a king of red color.

Answer:

Total number of cards in a well-shuffled deck = 52

Hence, total possible outcomes = 52

(1) Let E be the event of getting a king of red color.

There are only red color kings: Hearts and diamonds

Hence, number of favorable outcomes = 2

\therefore P(E) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{2}{52}

= \frac{1}{26}

Therefore, the probability of getting a king of red color is \frac{1}{26}

Q14 (ii) One card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability of getting (ii) a face card

Answer:

Total number of cards in a well-shuffled deck = 52

Hence, total possible outcomes = 52

(2) Let E be the event of getting a face card.

Face cards: (J, Q, K) of each four suits

Hence, number of favorable outcomes = 12

\therefore P(E) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{12}{52}

= \frac{3}{13}

Therefore, the probability of getting a face card is \frac{3}{13}

Q14 (iii) One card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability of getting (iii) a red face card

Answer:

Total number of cards in a well-shuffled deck = 52

Hence, total possible outcomes = 52

(3) Let E be the event of getting a red face card.

Face cards: (J, Q, K) of hearts and diamonds

Hence, number of favourable outcomes = 3x2 = 6

\therefore P(E) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{6}{52}

= \frac{3}{26}

Therefore, the probability of getting a red face card is \frac{3}{26}

14 (iv) One card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability of getting (iv)the jack of hearts

Answer:

Total number of cards in a well-shuffled deck = 52

Hence, total possible outcomes = 52

(4) Let E be the event of getting the jack of hearts

Hence, the number of favourable outcomes = 1

\therefore P(E) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{1}{52}

Therefore, the probability of getting the jack of hearts is \frac{1}{52}

14 (v) One card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability of getting (v)a spade

Answer:

Total number of cards in a well-shuffled deck = 52

Hence, total possible outcomes = 52

(5) Let E be the event of getting a spade.

There are 13 cards in each suit. {2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,J,Q,K,A}

Hence, number of favourable outcomes = 13

\therefore P(E) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{13}{52}

= \frac{1}{4}

Therefore, the probability of getting a spade is \frac{1}{4}

14 (vi) One card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability of getting (vi) the queen of diamonds

Answer:

Total number of cards in a well-shuffled deck = 52

Hence, total possible outcomes = 52

(6) Let E be the event of getting the queen of diamonds

Hence, the number of favorable outcomes = 1

\therefore P(E) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{1}{52}

Therefore, the probability of getting the queen of diamonds is \frac{1}{52}

15 (i) Five cards—the ten, jack, queen, king and ace of diamonds, are well-shuffled with their face downwards. One card is then picked up at random. What is the probability that the card is the queen?

Answer:

Total number of cards = 5

Hence, the total possible outcomes = 5

(1) There is only one queen.

Hence, favorable outcome = 1

\therefore P(getting\ a\ queen) = \frac{1}{5}

15 (ii) Five cards—the ten, jack, queen, king and ace of diamonds, are well-shuffled with their face downwards. One card is then picked up at random. If the queen is drawn and put aside, what is the probability that the second card picked up is (a) an ace?

Answer:

When the queen is kept aside, there are only 4 cards left

Hence, the total possible outcomes = 4

(2a) There is only one ace.

Hence, favorable outcome = 1

\therefore P(getting\ an\ ace)= \frac{1}{4}

Therefore, the probability of getting an ace is 0.25

15 (iii) Five cards—the ten, jack, queen, king and ace of diamonds, are well-shuffled with their face downwards. One card is then picked up at random. If the queen is drawn and put aside, what is the probability that the second card picked up is (b) a queen?

Answer:

When the queen is kept aside, there are only 4 cards left

Hence, the total possible outcomes = 4

(2b) Since there is no queen left.

Hence, favorable outcome = 0

\therefore P(getting\ a\ queen)= \frac{0}{4} = 0

Therefore, the probability of getting a queen is 0. Thus, it is an impossible event.

17 (i) A lot of 20 bulbs contain 4 defective ones. One bulb is drawn at random from the lot. What is the probability that this bulb is defective?

Answer:

Total number of bulbs = 20

Hence, total possible outcomes = 20

Number of defective bulbs = 4

Hence, the number of favorable outcomes = 4

\therefore P(getting\ a\ defective\ bulb)= \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{4}{20}

= \frac{1}{5}

Q17 (ii) Suppose the bulb is drawn in (i) is not defective and is not replaced. Now one bulb is drawn at random from the rest. What is the probability that this bulb is not defective?

Answer:

Total number of bulbs = 20

Hence, total possible outcomes = 20

Number of defective bulbs = 4

Hence, the number of favorable outcomes = 4

\therefore P(getting\ a\ defective\ bulb)= \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{4}{20}

= \frac{1}{5}

\therefore P(getting\ a\ non\ defective\ bulb)= 1 - \frac{1}{5} = \frac{4}{5}

Q18 (i) A box contains 90 discs which are numbered from 1 to 90. If one disc is drawn at random from the box, find the probability that it bears a two-digit number

Answer:

Total number of discs = 90

Number of discs having a two-digit number between 1 and 90 = 81

\therefore P(getting\ a\ two-digit\ number) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{81}{90}

= \frac{9}{10}

Q18 (ii) A box contains 90 discs which are numbered from 1 to 90. If one disc is drawn at random from the box, find the probability that it bears a perfect square number

Answer:

Total number of discs = 90

Perfect square numbers between 1 and 90 are {1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81}

Therefore, the total number of discs having perfect squares = 9.

\therefore P(getting\ a\ perfect\ square) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{9}{90}

= \frac{1}{10}

Q18 (iii) A box contains 90 discs which are numbered from 1 to 90. If one disc is drawn at random from the box, find the probability that it bears a number divisible by 5.

Answer:

Total number of discs = 90

Numbers between 1 and 90 that are divisible by 5 are {5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55,60,65,70,75,80,85,90}

Therefore, total number of discs having numbers that are divisible by 5 = 18.

\therefore P(getting\ a\ number\ divisible\ by\ 5) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{18}{90}

= \frac{1}{5}

Q19 (i) A child has a die whose six faces show the letters as given below:

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The die is thrown once. What is the probability of getting (i) A?

Answer:

The six faces of the die contains : {A,B,C,D,E,A}

Total number of letters = 6

(i) Since there are two A's,

number of favorable outcomes = 2

\therefore P(getting\ A) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{2}{6}

= \frac{1}{3}

Therefore, the probability of getting A is \frac{1}{3}

Q19 (ii) A child has a die whose six faces show the letters as given below:

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The die is thrown once. What is the probability of getting (ii) D?

Answer:

The six faces of the die contains : {A,B,C,D,E,A}

Total number of letters = 6

(i) Since there is only one D,

number of favorable outcomes = 1

\therefore P(getting\ A) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{1}{6}

Therefore, the probability of getting D is \frac{1}{6}

Q20 Suppose you drop a die at random on the rectangular region shown in Fig. 15.6. What is the probability that it will land inside the circle with diameter 1m?

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Answer:

Here, the Total outcome in the area of the rectangle and favorable outcome is the area of the circle.

Area of the rectangle = l\times b = 3\times2 = 6\ m^2

Area of the circle = \pi r^2 = \pi \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{\pi}{4}\ m^2

\therefore P(die\ will\ land\ inside\ the\ hole) = \frac{Area\ of\ circle}{Total\ area}

= \frac{\frac{\pi}{4}}{6} = \frac{\pi}{24}

Q21 (i) A lot consists of 144 ball pens of which 20 are defective and the others are good. Nuri will buy a pen if it is good, but will not buy if it is defective. The shopkeeper draws one pen at random and gives it to her. What is the probability that (i) She will buy it?

Answer:

Total number of pens = 144

Total number of defective pens = 20

\therefore Number of good pens = 144-20 = 124

She will buy it if the pen is good.

Therefore, the probability that she buys = probability that the pen is good =

P(getting\ a\ good\ pen) = \frac{number\ of\ good\ pens}{total\ pens}= \frac{124}{144}

= \frac{31}{36}

Q21 (ii) A lot consists of 144 ball pens of which 20 are defective and the others are good. Nuri will buy a pen if it is good, but will not buy if it is defective. The shopkeeper draws one pen at random and gives it to her. What is the probability that (ii) She will not buy it?

Answer:

Total number of pens = 144

Total number of defective pens = 20

She will buy it if the pen is good.

Therefore, the probability that she will not buy = probability that the pen is defective =

P(getting\ a\ defective\ pen) = \frac{no.\ of\ defective\ pens}{total\ pens}= \frac{20}{144}

= \frac{5}{36}

Q22 (i) Refer to Example 13. (i) Complete the following table:

Event: 'sum on 2 dice'

23456789101112

1/36




5/36


1/36


Answer:

The table becomes:

The sum of two dice 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Probability 1/36 1/18 1/12 1/9 5/36 1/6 5/36 1/9 1/12 1/18 1/36


22.(ii) A student argues that ‘there are 11 possible outcomes 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. Therefore, each of them has a probability of 1/11. Do you agree with this argument? Justify your answer.

Answer:

A student argues that "there are 11 possible outcomes 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. Therefore, each of them has a probability of 1/11. We do not agree with this argument because there are a different number of possible outcomes for each sum. we can see that each sum has a different probability.

Q23 A game consists of tossing a one rupee coin 3 times and noting its outcome each time. Hanif wins if all the tosses give the same result i.e., three heads or three tails, and loses otherwise. Calculate the probability that Hanif will lose the game.

Answer:

The possible outcomes when a coin is tossed 3 times: (Same as 3 coins tossed at once!)

{HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT, THH, TTH, THT, TTT}

Number of total possible outcomes = 8

For Hanif to win, there are only two favorable outcomes: {HHH, TTT}

Number of favorable outcomes = 2

\therefore P(Hanif\ will\ win) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{2}{8}

= \frac{1}{4}

\therefore P(Hanif\ will\ lose) = 1-\frac{1}{4}

=\frac{3}{4}

Therefore, the probability that Hanif will lose is \frac{3}{4}

Q24 (i) A die is thrown twice. What is the probability that 5 will not come up either time?

Answer:

When a die is thrown twice, the possible outcomes =

\{(x,y): x,y\in\{1,2,3,4,5,6\}\}

Total number of possible outcomes = 6\times6 = 36

The outcomes when 5 comes up either on them =

{(5,1), (5,2), (5,3), (5,4), (5,5), (5,6), (1,5), (2,5), (3,5), (4,5), (6,5)}

Number of such favorable outcomes = 11

\therefore P(5\ will\ come\ up\ either\ time) = \frac{11}{36}

\therefore P(5\ will\ not\ come\ up\ either\ time) = 1-\frac{11}{36} =\frac{25}{36}

Therefore, the probability that 5 will not come either time is \frac{25}{36}

24 (ii) A die is thrown twice. What is the probability that 5 will come up at least once?

Answer:

When a die is thrown twice, the possible outcomes =

\{(x,y): x,y\in\{1,2,3,4,5,6\}\}

Total number of possible outcomes = 6\times6 = 36

The outcomes when 5 comes up at least once =

{(5,1), (5,2), (5,3), (5,4), (5,5), (5,6), (1,5), (2,5), (3,5), (4,5), (6,5)}

Number of such favorable outcomes = 11

\therefore P(5\ comes\ up\ at\ least\ once)= \frac{11}{36}

Therefore, the probability that 5 comes at least once is \frac{11}{36}

Q25 (i) Which of the following arguments are correct and which are not correct? Give reasons for your answer. (i) If two coins are tossed simultaneously there are three possible outcomes—two heads, two tails or one of each. Therefore, for each of these outcomes, the probability is 1/3

Answer:

The possible outcomes when two coins are tossed = {HH, HT, TH, TT}

Total number of possible outcomes = 4

\therefore P(getting\ two\ heads) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{1}{4}

Hence, the given statement is not correct. This is because one of each can occur in two different ways. Hence the mentioned events are not equally likely.

Q25 (ii) Which of the following arguments are correct and which are not correct? Give reasons for your answer. (ii) If a die is thrown, there are two possible outcomes—an odd number or an even number. Therefore, the probability of getting an odd number is 1/2

Answer:

The possible outcomes when a die is thrown= {1,2,3,4,5,6}

Total number of possible outcomes = 6

Number of odd number, {1,3,5} = 3

And, number of even numbers {2,4,6} = 3

Hence, both these events are equally likely

\therefore P(getting\ an\ odd) = \frac{favourable\ outcomes}{total\ outcomes} = \frac{3}{6} = \frac{1}{2}


NCERT Probability Class 10 Solutions Excercise: 15.2

1 (i) Two customers Shyam and Ekta are visiting a particular shop in the same week (Tuesday to Saturday). Each is equally likely to visit the shop on any day as on another day. What is the probability that both will visit the shop on (i) the same day?

Answer:

Total possible ways Shyam and Ekta can visit the shop = 5\times5 = 25

(1) A case that both will visit the same day.

Shyam can go on any day between Tuesday to Saturday in 5 ways.

For any day that Shyam goes, Ekta will go on the same day in 1 way.

Total ways that they both go in the same day = 5\times1 = 5

\therefore P(both\ go\ on\ same\ day) = \frac{5}{25} = \frac{1}{5}

Q1 (ii) Two customers Shyam and Ekta are visiting a particular shop in the same week (Tuesday to Saturday). Each is equally likely to visit the shop on any day as on another day. What is the probability that both will visit the shop on (ii) consecutive days?

Answer:

Total possible ways Shyam and Ekta can visit the shop = 5\times5 = 25

(2) The case that both will visit the shop on consecutive days.

Shyam can go on any day between Tuesday to Friday in 4 ways.

For any day that Shyam goes, Ekta will go on the next day in 1 way

Similarly, Ekta can go on any day between Tuesday to Friday in 4 ways.

And Shyam will go on the next day in 1 way.

(Note: None of the cases repeats since they are in a different order!)

Total ways that they both go in the same day = 4\times1+4\times1 =8

\therefore P(they\ go\ on\ consecutive\ days) = \frac{8}{25}

Q1 (iii) Two customers Shyam and Ekta are visiting a particular shop in the same week (Tuesday to Saturday). Each is equally likely to visit the shop on any day as on another day. What is the probability that both will visit the shop on (iii) different days?

Answer:

Total possible ways Shyam and Ekta can visit the shop = 5\times5 = 25

(1) A case that both will visit the same day.

Shyam can go on any day between Tuesday to Saturday in 5 ways.

For any day that Shyam goes, Ekta will go on a different day in (5-1) = 4 ways.

Total ways that they both go in the same day = 5\times4 = 20

\therefore P(both\ go\ on\ different\ days) = \frac{20}{25} = \frac{4}{5}

2 (i) A die is numbered in such a way that its faces show the numbers 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 6. It is thrown two times and the total score in two throws is noted. Complete the following table which gives a few values of the total score on the two throws:

Probability -A die is numbered in such a way that its faces show What is the probability that the total score is (i) even?

Answer:

+ 1 2 2 3 3 6
1 2 3 3 4 4 7
2 3 4 4 5 5 8
2 3 4 4 5 5 8
3 4 5 5 6 6 9
3 4 5 5 6 6 9
6 7 8 8 9 9 12

Total possible outcomes when two dice are thrown = 6\times6=36

(1) Number of times when the sum is even = 18

\therefore P(sum\ is\ even) = \frac{18}{36} = \frac{1}{2}

Q2 (ii) A die is numbered in such a way that its faces show the numbers 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 6. It is thrown two times and the total score in two throws is noted. Complete the following table which gives a few values of the total score on the two throws:

Probability -A die is numbered in such a way that its faces show What is the probability that the total score is (ii) 6?

Answer:

+ 1 2 2 3 3 6
1 2 3 3 4 4 7
2 3 4 4 5 5 8
2 3 4 4 5 5 8
3 4 5 5 6 6 9
3 4 5 5 6 6 9
6 7 8 8 9 9 12

Total possible outcomes when two dice are thrown = 6\times6=36

Number of times when the sum is 6 = 4

\therefore P(sum\ is\ 6) = \frac{4}{36} = \frac{1}{9}

Q2 (iii) A die is numbered in such a way that its faces show the numbers 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 6. It is thrown two times and the total score in two throws is noted. Complete the following table which gives a few values of the total score on the two throws:

Probability -A die is numbered in such a way that its faces show What is the probability that the total score is (iii) at least 6?

Answer:

+ 1 2 2 3 3 6
1 2 3 3 4 4 7
2 3 4 4 5 5 8
2 3 4 4 5 5 8
3 4 5 5 6 6 9
3 4 5 5 6 6 9
6 7 8 8 9 9 12

Total possible outcomes when two dice are thrown = 6\times6=36

Number of times when the sum is at least 6, which means sum is greater than 5 = 15

\therefore P(sum\ is\ atleast\ 6) = \frac{15}{36} = \frac{5}{12}

Q3 A bag contains 5 red balls and some blue balls. If the probability of drawing a blue ball is double that of a red ball, determine the number of blue balls in the bag.

Answer:

Let there be the number of blue balls in the bag.

Number of red balls = 5

Thus, the total number of balls = total possible outcomes = 5+x

P(getting\ a\ red\ ball) = \frac{5}{5+x}

And, P(getting\ a\ blue\ ball) = \frac{x}{5+x}

According to question,

P(getting\ a\ blue\ ball) = P(getting\ a\ red\ ball)

\\ \frac{x}{5+x} = 2.\left (\frac{5}{5+x} \right )

\implies x = 2.5 = 10

Therefore, there are 10 blue balls in the bag.

Q4 A box contains 12 balls out of which x are black. If one ball is drawn at random from the box, what is the probability that it will be a black ball? If 6 more black balls are put in the box, the probability of drawing a black ball is now double what it was before. Find x.

Answer:

Total number of balls in the bag = 12

Number of black balls in the bag = x

\therefore P(getting\ a\ black\ ball) = \frac{x}{12}

According to the question,

6 more black balls are added to the bag.

\therefore Total number of balls = 12 + 6 = 18

And, the new number of black balls = x+ 6

\therefore P'(getting\ a\ black\ ball) = \frac{x+6}{18}

Also, P' = 2\times P

\implies \frac{x+6}{18} = 2\left (\frac{x}{12} \right )

\\ \implies \frac{x+6}{18} = \frac{x}{6} \\ \implies x+6 = 3x \\ \implies 2x = 6

\implies x =3

The required value of x is 3

Q5 A jar contains 24 marbles, some are green and others are blue. If a marble is drawn at random from the jar, the probability that it is green is 2/3 Find the number of blue balls in the jar.

Answer:

Let x be the number of blue marbles in the jar.

\therefore Number of green marbles in the jar = 24-x

According to question,

P(getting\ a\ green\ marble) = \frac{24-x}{24} = \frac{2}{3}

\\ \implies 24-x = 2\times8 \\ \implies x = 24-16 = 8

\therefore Number of blue marbles in the jar is 8

Probability Class 10 NCERT Maths - Topics

We have provided the solutions for the type of questions given below:

  • The basic formula of finding out the probability

  • Questions based on tossing a coin multiple times

  • Cards based questions

  • Question related to probability when a dice is rolled

  • Word problems related to real-life situations

  • Observations when two dice are rolled together

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NCERT solutions are also available for classes from 6 to 12.

Also Read,

Key Features of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 15

Comprehensive Coverage: These class 10 math chapter 15 solutions offer comprehensive coverage of Chapter 15, ensuring that all important topics and concepts are addressed.

Clarity and Accuracy: The class 10 math chapter 15 solutions are presented with clarity and accuracy, making it easier for students to understand and apply mathematical principles.

Step-by-Step Approach: Each solution for class 10th chapter probability follows a step-by-step approach, guiding students through the problem-solving process.

In-Depth Explanation: Complex concepts are explained in-depth, helping students grasp the underlying principles and logic in class 10th chapter probability solutions.

CBSE Guidelines: The solutions adhere to the CBSE curriculum and guidelines, making them a reliable resource for exam preparation.

NCERT solutions of class 10 - Subject Wise

Probability Class 10 Solutions - Chapter Wise

How to Use NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 15 Probability?

  • First of all, go through the NCERT Class 10 Maths syllabus of chapter 15 Probability.

  • Go through the theory given about the chapter from the NCERT Class 10 textbook.

  • Then, come to the practice exercises and list down those questions in which you are getting trouble.

  • Now, go through the NCERT solutions for Class 10 Maths chapter 15 to know the solution to those questions.

NCERT Exemplar Solutions - Subject Wise

NCERT Books and NCERT Syllabus

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. How important are the Chapter 15 probability class 10 ncert solutions from the perspective of CBSE exams?

Probability class 10 solutions are important from an exam perspective as it covers the topic of probability, which is an important concept for Class 10 board exams as well as for higher studies. Understanding class 10 maths probability is crucial for calculating the likelihood of an event occurring, and many questions in the board exams are based on this chapter. For ease, students can also study the probability class 9 pdf both online and offline mode at the Careers360 website which is a base for the probability class 10 pdf.

2. What is the weightage of the chapter Probability in CBSE board exam?

Two chapters - Statistics and Probability have a combined weightage of 11 marks in the CBSE Class 10 board exam. Follow NCERT syllabus and NCERT books for preparation of the board exam. For more practice problems use NCERT exemplar for Class 10.

3. Can you provide a brief overview of class 10 probability solutions?

NCERT Solutions for ch 15 probability class 10 includes 2 exercises that cover various topics related to probability, such as experimental and theoretical probability, certain and impossible events, elementary events, complementary events, and calculating the probability of different events. The probability chapter class 10 pdf is helpful for an in-depth understanding of the concepts given in these exercises.

4. What are some key benefits of studying maths probability class 10?

The class 10th probability solutions provides detailed explanations and solutions to problems, making it easy for students to understand the concepts and clear any doubts they may have. NCERT textbook chapter probability class 10 also serves as a useful study tool for completing assignments and preparing for exams.

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Hello Aspirant,  Hope your doing great,  your question was incomplete and regarding  what exam your asking.

Yes, scoring above 80% in ICSE Class 10 exams typically meets the requirements to get into the Commerce stream in Class 11th under the CBSE board . Admission criteria can vary between schools, so it is advisable to check the specific requirements of the intended CBSE school. Generally, a good academic record with a score above 80% in ICSE 10th result is considered strong for such transitions.

hello Zaid,

Yes, you can apply for 12th grade as a private candidate .You will need to follow the registration process and fulfill the eligibility criteria set by CBSE for private candidates.If you haven't given the 11th grade exam ,you would be able to appear for the 12th exam directly without having passed 11th grade. you will need to give certain tests in the school you are getting addmission to prove your eligibilty.

best of luck!

According to cbse norms candidates who have completed class 10th, class 11th, have a gap year or have failed class 12th can appear for admission in 12th class.for admission in cbse board you need to clear your 11th class first and you must have studied from CBSE board or any other recognized and equivalent board/school.

You are not eligible for cbse board but you can still do 12th from nios which allow candidates to take admission in 12th class as a private student without completing 11th.

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A block of mass 0.50 kg is moving with a speed of 2.00 ms-1 on a smooth surface. It strikes another mass of 1.00 kg and then they move together as a single body. The energy loss during the collision is

Option 1)

0.34\; J

Option 2)

0.16\; J

Option 3)

1.00\; J

Option 4)

0.67\; J

A person trying to lose weight by burning fat lifts a mass of 10 kg upto a height of 1 m 1000 times.  Assume that the potential energy lost each time he lowers the mass is dissipated.  How much fat will he use up considering the work done only when the weight is lifted up ?  Fat supplies 3.8×107 J of energy per kg which is converted to mechanical energy with a 20% efficiency rate.  Take g = 9.8 ms−2 :

Option 1)

2.45×10−3 kg

Option 2)

 6.45×10−3 kg

Option 3)

 9.89×10−3 kg

Option 4)

12.89×10−3 kg

 

An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated to be in the range

Option 1)

2,000 \; J - 5,000\; J

Option 2)

200 \, \, J - 500 \, \, J

Option 3)

2\times 10^{5}J-3\times 10^{5}J

Option 4)

20,000 \, \, J - 50,000 \, \, J

A particle is projected at 600   to the horizontal with a kinetic energy K. The kinetic energy at the highest point

Option 1)

K/2\,

Option 2)

\; K\;

Option 3)

zero\;

Option 4)

K/4

In the reaction,

2Al_{(s)}+6HCL_{(aq)}\rightarrow 2Al^{3+}\, _{(aq)}+6Cl^{-}\, _{(aq)}+3H_{2(g)}

Option 1)

11.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}  at STP  is produced for every mole HCL_{(aq)}  consumed

Option 2)

6L\, HCl_{(aq)}  is consumed for ever 3L\, H_{2(g)}      produced

Option 3)

33.6 L\, H_{2(g)} is produced regardless of temperature and pressure for every mole Al that reacts

Option 4)

67.2\, L\, H_{2(g)} at STP is produced for every mole Al that reacts .

How many moles of magnesium phosphate, Mg_{3}(PO_{4})_{2} will contain 0.25 mole of oxygen atoms?

Option 1)

0.02

Option 2)

3.125 × 10-2

Option 3)

1.25 × 10-2

Option 4)

2.5 × 10-2

If we consider that 1/6, in place of 1/12, mass of carbon atom is taken to be the relative atomic mass unit, the mass of one mole of a substance will

Option 1)

decrease twice

Option 2)

increase two fold

Option 3)

remain unchanged

Option 4)

be a function of the molecular mass of the substance.

With increase of temperature, which of these changes?

Option 1)

Molality

Option 2)

Weight fraction of solute

Option 3)

Fraction of solute present in water

Option 4)

Mole fraction.

Number of atoms in 558.5 gram Fe (at. wt.of Fe = 55.85 g mol-1) is

Option 1)

twice that in 60 g carbon

Option 2)

6.023 × 1022

Option 3)

half that in 8 g He

Option 4)

558.5 × 6.023 × 1023

A pulley of radius 2 m is rotated about its axis by a force F = (20t - 5t2) newton (where t is measured in seconds) applied tangentially. If the moment of inertia of the pulley about its axis of rotation is 10 kg m2 , the number of rotations made by the pulley before its direction of motion if reversed, is

Option 1)

less than 3

Option 2)

more than 3 but less than 6

Option 3)

more than 6 but less than 9

Option 4)

more than 9

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