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NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 Notes Plant Kingdom- Download PDF Notes

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NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 Notes Plant Kingdom- Download PDF Notes

Edited By Irshad Anwar | Updated on Mar 22, 2024 06:24 PM IST

CBSE Quick Revision Notes Class 11 Biology Chapter 3: Plant kingdom is a very important biology chapter of the NCERT textbook from the CBSE exam point of view. The NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 notes give you a basic idea of the plant kingdom and how plants are classified or divided into groups based on their characteristics. The important topics covered in NCERT Class 11 Biology notes are definitions, algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms, plant life cycles, alternation of generations; and important examples. Download the CBSE Notes for Class 11 Biology, Chapter 3, PDF to use it offline anywhere. Students must go through each topic in the Plant Kingdom of Class 11 Biology in the easiest and most effective way possible with the help of NCERT Notes for Class 11.

Class 11 biology chapter 3 notes also cover all the important concepts related to this chapter, which are useful in various competitive exams. Plant kingdom NCERT Notes for Class 11 Biology help you revise crucial concepts given in the NCERT Book in no time during the CBSE Board exam preparation. CBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 notes will help you with quick revision. The Plant Kingdom chapter covers all headings of NCERT. CBSE Class 11 Biology chapter 3 notes also contain important examples that have been frequently asked in the various exams. Having NCERT Solutions and revision notes for Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 handy are beneficial to save you time. The NCERT Class 11 notes PDF can be downloaded through the link given below.

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NCERT Class 11 Chapter 3 Class Notes

Plant Kingdom

  • Plantae now excludes fungi, as well as members of the Monera and Protista families with cell walls, despite previous classifications placing them in the same kingdom.
  • As a result, cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, are no longer considered algae.
  • Let us examine classification within angiosperms to gain a better understanding of the concerns that influenced classification systems.
  • The earliest classification systems relied solely on gross morphological characteristics such as habit, colour, leaf number and shape, and so on.
  • They were mostly based on vegetative characteristics or the structure of the androecium (system given by Linnaeus). such systems were synthetic; they divided closely related species because they were based on a few features.
  • Furthermore, the artificial systems accorded equal weight to vegetative and sexual qualities; this is unacceptable because vegetative characters are more easily influenced by the environment.
  • Natural classification systems arose in response to this, based on natural affinities among organisms and taking into account not only external but also interior characteristics such as ultrastructure, anatomy, embryology, and phytochemistry.
  • George Bentham and Joseph Dalton Hooker were the first to classify blooming plants in this way.
  • Phylogenetic classification systems that are based on evolutionary relationships between organisms are currently acceptable.
  • This suggests that organisms from the same taxon share a common ancestor.
  • We now use data from a variety of other sources to assist us in resolving classification issues.

Algae

  • Algae are simple, thalloid, chlorophyll-bearing, autotrophic creatures that are primarily aquatic (both freshwater and marine).
  • They can be found in a range of various environments, including damp stones, soils, and wood.
  • Some of them are also found in fungi (lichen) and mammals (for example, on sloth bears).
  • Algae come in a wide range of shapes and sizes, from colonial forms like Volvox to filamentous forms like Ulothrix and Spirogyra.
  • Kelps, for example, are a type of marine organism that forms massive plant bodies.
  • Algae reproduce vegetatively, asexually, and sexually.
  • Fragmentation is the mode of vegetative reproduction. A thallus forms from each fragment.
  • Asexual reproduction occurs through the production of spores of various types, the most common of which are zoospores. They 're being flagellated (motile) and produce new plants after germination.
  • The fusing of two gametes results in sexual reproduction.
  • These gametes can either be flagellated and of comparable size (as in Ulothrix) or non-flagellated (non-motile) but of comparable size (as in Spirogyra). This type of reproduction is referred to as Isogamous reproduction.
  • Anisogamous refers to the fusion of two gametes of different sizes, such as those found in Eudorina species.
  • Oogamous fusion occurs when one big, nonmotile (static) female gamete fuses with a smaller, motile male gamete.
  • Algae are beneficial to humans in a number of ways.
  • Algae photosynthesis accounts for at least half of the total carbon dioxide fixing on the planet.
  • They enhance the amount of dissolved oxygen in their immediate environment because they are photosynthetic.
  • They are crucial as primary producers of energy-rich chemicals, which are the foundation of all aquatic species' food cycles.
  • Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae, and Rhodophyceae are the three major groups of algae.

Chlorophyceae

  • Green algae are the members of the Chlorophyceae family. Unicellular, colonial, or filamentous plant bodies are all possible.
  • Because chlorophyll a and b pigments predominate, they are usually grass green.
  • Pigments are concentrated in specific chloroplasts.
  • Chloroplasts can be discoid, plate-like, reticulate, cup-shaped, spiral-shaped, or ribbon-shaped in different species; most chloroplast members have one or more pyrenoids as storage bodies.
  • Aside from starch, pyrenoids contain protein.
  • Vegetative propagation usually occurs by fragmentation or the formation of various types of spores.
  • Sexual reproduction can be isogamous, anisogamous, or oogamous, with significant differences in the type and formation of sex cells.
  • Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Ulothrix, Spirogyra, and Chara are some of the most common green algae.

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Phaeophyceae

  • Brown algae, also known as phaeophyceae, are mostly found in marine environments. They come in a wide range of sizes and shapes.
  • They range in complexity from basic branched filamentous forms (Ectocarpus) to lavishly branched forms like kelps, which may grow to be 100 meters tall.
  • Chlorophyll a, c, carotenoids, and xanthophylls are all present in them.
  • Depending on how much of the xanthophyll pigment, fucoxanthin is present in them, they range in colour from olive green to various shades of brown.
  • The plant body, which comprises a stalk, the stipe, and a leaf-like photosynthetic organ – the frond – is generally held to the substratum by a holdfast.
  • Vegetative reproduction occurs through fragmentation.
  • The majority of brown algae reproduce asexually by biflagellate zoospores, which are pear-shaped with two unequally linked flagella.
  • Isogamous, anisogamous, or oogamous sexual reproduction is possible.
  • Union of gametes can occur in water or within the oogonium (oogamous species).
  • The gametes are pyriform (pear-shaped) and have two flagella that are connected laterally.
  • Ectocarpus, Dictyota, Laminaria, Sargassum, and Fucus are the most prevalent.

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Rhodophyceae

  • Rhodophyceae members are usually referred to as red algae due to the preponderance of the red pigment r-phycoerythrin in their bodies.
  • The majority of red algae are marine, with higher numbers seen in warmer locations. They can be found in both well-lit areas near the top of the sea and at considerable depths in oceans where relatively little light penetrates.
  • The majority of red algae have multicellular red thalli. Some of them have complicated bodily structures.
  • The food is kept as floridean starch, which is structurally identical to amylopectin and glycogen.
  • Red algae often proliferate vegetatively by fragmentation. They reproduce asexually through non-motile spores and sexually through gametes.
  • Sexual reproduction is oogamous, with extensive post-fertilization processes.
  • Polysiphonia, Porphyra, Gracilaria, and Gelidium are the most prevalent non-motile members.

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Bryophytes

  • Bryophytes are mosses and liverworts that are commonly found growing in moist shaded areas of the hills.
  • Bryophytes are also recognized as amphibians of the plant kingdom because they can live in soil but require water for sexual reproduction.
  • They are most common in damp, humid, and shady environments. They are essential for plant succession on bare rocks/soil.
  • Bryophytes have a more differentiated plant body than algae.
  • It is thallus-like as well as prostrate or erect, with unicellular or multicellular rhizoids attaching it to the substratum.
  • They don't have true roots, stems, or leaves. They can have root, leaf, or stem-like structures.
  • The bryophyte's main plant body is haploid. It is called a gametophyte because it produces gametes.
  • Bryophytes have multicellular sex organs. Antheridium is referred to as the male sex organ. They synthesize biflagellate antherozoids.
  • Archegonium, the flask-shaped female sex organ produces only one egg.
  • The antherozoids are discharged into the water, where they interact with archegonium.
  • The zygote is formed when an antherozoid combines with an egg. Zygotes do not immediately begin reduction division. They form a multicellular organism known as a sporophyte.
  • The sporophyte is not free-living, but is connected to the photosynthetic gametophyte and feeds on it. Some sporophyte cells undergo reduction division (meiosis) to produce haploid spores. These spores germinate, resulting in the formation of gametophytes.
  • Bryophytes are not economically important in general, although some mosses supply food for herbaceous mammals, birds, and other animals.
  • Because of their ability to hold water, Sphagnum moss species provide peat, which has traditionally been utilized as fuel and as packing material for the trans-shipment of live material.
  • Mosses and lichens are the first species to colonize rocks and so have a high ecological value. They decompose rocks, preparing the substrate for higher plant growth.
  • Mosses reduce the impact of falling rain and prevent soil erosion by forming dense mats on the soil.
  • The bryophytes are classified as liverworts and mosses.

Liverworts

  • Liverworts typically grow in moist, shady environments such as stream banks, marshy ground, deep in the woods, damp soil and tree barks.
  • A liverwort's plant body is thalloid (e.g., Marchantia) with a dorsiventral thallus that is tightly appressed to the substrate.
  • The leafy members feature tiny leaf-like appendages on the stem-like structures in two rows.
  • In liverworts, asexual reproduction occurs by thalli fragmentation or the formation of specialized structures known as gemmae.
  • Gemmae are green, multicellular, asexual buds that grow in little receptacles on the thalli called gemma cups.
  • The gemmae separate from the parent body and germinate, resulting in the formation of new individuals. Male and female sex organs are generated on the same or distinct thalli during sexual reproduction.
  • The sporophyte consists of three parts: the foot, the seta, and the capsule.
  • Spores are formed within the capsule following meiosis. These spores germinate and develop into free-living gametophytes.

Mosses

  • The gametophyte stage, which consists of two stages, is the most important stage of a moss' life cycle.
  • The protonema stage is the initial stage, which develops immediately from a spore. It is a creeping stage that is green, branching, and frequently filamentous.
  • The second stage is the leafy stage, which grows as a lateral bud from the secondary protonema. They are composed of thin, lean axes with spirally arranged leaves. They are connected to the soil by rhizoids that are multicellular and branching. The sex organs are present at this stage.
  • Mosses reproduce vegetatively through fragmentation and blossoming in the secondary protonema.
  • The sex organs antheridia and archegonia are generated at the top of the leafy shoots during sexual reproduction.
  • The zygote develops into a sporophyte after fertilization, consisting of a foot, seta, and capsule.
  • Moss sporophytes are more complex than liverwort sporophytes. Spores are present in the capsule.
  • After meiosis, spores develop. Mosses such as Funaria, Polytrichum and Sphagnum are common examples.

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Bryophytes: A liverwort – Marchantia

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Pteridophytes

  • Horsetails and ferns are examples of Pteridophytes. Pteridophytes are useful in medicine and as soil binders. They are also popular as ornamentals.
  • They are the first terrestrial plants to have vascular tissues - xylem and phloem.
  • Pteridophytes are located in cool, damp, shady areas, yet some can thrive in sandy soil.
  • The major plant body of pteridophytes is a sporophyte, which is divided into real roots, stems, and leaves.
  • These organs have well-developed vascular tissues. Pteridophyta leaves can be microscopic like Selaginella or huge like ferns.
  • Sporophytes have sporangia that are subtended with appendages that are leaf-like and are known as sporophylls.
  • Sporophylls can form unique compact structures known as strobili or cones (Selaginella, Equisetum) in certain circumstances.
  • Sporangia generate spores by meiosis in spore mother cells.
  • The spores germinate and produce prothallus, which are small, free-living, multicellular thalloid gametophytes that are primarily photosynthetic. These gametophytes require cool, wet, shaded conditions to thrive. Because of this very restricted requirement, as well as the necessity of water for fertilization, the expansion of live pteridophytes is limited and geographically confined.
  • Male and female sex organs, known as antheridia and archegonia, are found in gametophytes. Male and female sex organs, known as antheridia and archegonia, are found in gametophytes.
  • Water is essential for the transmission of antherozoids, or male gametes released by antheridia, to the mouth of archegonium.
  • The zygote is formed when a male gamete fuses with an egg in the archegonium.
  • After that, the zygote develops into a multicellular, well-differentiated sporophyte, which is the main phase of the pteridophytes.
  • The spores in the majority of pteridophytes are all of the same type; such plants are referred to as homosporous.
  • Heterosporous refers to genera which include Selaginella and Salvinia, which generate two types of spores, macro (big) and micro (small).
  • Psilopsida (Psilotum), Lycopsida (Selaginella, Lycopodium), Sphenopsida (Equisetum) and Pteropsida (Dryopteris, Pteris, Adiantum) are the four classes of pteridophytes.

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FERN

Gymnosperms

  • Gymnosperms (gymnos = naked, sperma = seeds) are plants in which the ovules are visible both before and after fertilization and are not contained by an ovary wall.
  • The seeds that form after fertilization are not coated, i.e., they are naked. Gymnosperms are medium- to tall-sized trees and shrubs.
  • Tap roots are the most common type of root. Roots belonging to some genera have fungal associations in the form of mycorrhiza (Pinus), whilst others (Cycas) have small specialized roots termed coralloid roots that are connected with N2 - fixing cyanobacteria.
  • The stems are either branched (Pinus, Cedrus) or unbranched (Cycas).
  • The leaves can be either simple or complex. Gymnosperm leaves are well-adapted to tolerate temperature, humidity, and wind extremes. The needle-like leaves of conifers decrease surface area. Their thick cuticle and sunken stomata also aid in water conservation.
  • Gymnosperms are heterosporous, with haploid microspores and megaspores formed. The two types of spores are formed within sporangia, which are carried on sporophylls that are spirally arranged along an axis to create lax or compact strobili or cones. Microsporangiate, often known as male strobili, are strobili with microsporophylls and microsporangia.
  • The microspores mature into a male gametophytic generation that is greatly reduced and confined to a small number of cells. pollen grain is the name given to this reduced gametophyte.
  • Pollen grains are formed within the microsporangia. Macrosporangiate or female strobili are cones that contain megasporophylls with ovules or megasporangia.
  • Unlike bryophytes and pteridophytes, male and female gametophytes in gymnosperms do not have their own autonomous free-living existence. They persist within the sporangia that have been preserved on the sporophytes.

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Pinus, Cycas

Angiosperms

  • Unlike gymnosperms, which have bare ovules, angiosperms, or flowering plants, have pollen grains and ovules formed in specialized structures called flowers.
  • The seeds of angiosperms are encased in fruits. The angiosperms are a diverse group of plants that live in a variety of environments.
  • They range in size from the tiny Wolffia to large Eucalyptus trees (over 100 meters).
  • They supply us with food, feed, fuel, medications, and a variety of other commercially vital things.
  • They are classified into two groups: dicotyledons and monocotyledons.
  • Dicotyledons have two cotyledons in their seeds, reticulate venations in their leaves, and tetramerous or pentamerous flowers, which have four or five members in each floral whorl.
  • Monocotyledons, on the other hand, have single cotyledon seeds, leaves with parallel venation, and trimerous flowers with three members in each floral whorl. The stamen is a flower's male sex organ. Each stamen is made up of a thin filament with an anther at the tip.
  • The pollen mother cell divides within the anthers via meiosis to produce microspores, which mature into pollen grains. The pistil is a flower's female sex organ. The pistil is made up of a large ovary at the base, a long slender style, and a stigma.
  • Ovules can be found inside the ovary. In general, each ovule has a megaspore mother cell that goes through meiosis to produce four haploid megaspores. Three of them degenerate, while one of them divides to produce the embryo sac.
  • Each embryo-sac contains a three-celled egg apparatus consisting of one egg cell and two synergids, three antipodal cells, and two polar nuclei. Eventually, the polar nuclei combine to form a diploid secondary nucleus.
  • Pollen grain is delivered to the stigma of a pistil by wind or other means after being dispersed from the anthers. This is termed as Pollination.
  • Pollen grains germinate on the stigma, and the resultant pollen tubes grow through the stigma and style tissues to reach the ovule. The pollen tubes enter the embryo-sac and release two male gametes.
  • A zygote is formed when one of the male gametes unites with an egg cell (syngamy). The triploid primary endosperm nucleus (PEN) is formed when the other male gamete fuses with the diploid secondary nucleus.
  • Because of the presence of two fusions, namely syngamy and triple fusion, this phenomenon is known as double fertilization, which is a unique event to angiosperms.
  • The zygote grows into an embryo (with one or two cotyledons), and the PEN develops into an endosperm, which feeds the growing embryo.
  • After fertilization, the synergids and antipodals degenerate. During these events, the ovules become seeds and the ovaries become fruit.

1645098612766

Plant Life Cycles and Alternation of Generations

  • Mitosis allows both haploid and diploid cells in plants to divide. This ability results in the development of haploid and diploid plant bodies.
  • Mitosis is the process through which gametes are produced in the haploid plant body. This plant body is a gametophyte.
  • The one-celled zygote is the sole representative of sporophytic generation. There are no sporophytes that are free living.
  • In the zygote, meiosis results in the generation of haploid spores. The gametophyte is formed when haploid spores divide mitotically.
  • The free-living gametophyte is the major photosynthetic phase in such plants. This is referred to as a haplontic life cycle. This pattern is represented by several algae, including Volvox, Spirogyra, and certain Chlamydomonas species.
  • On the other end of the spectrum, there is the variety in which the diploid sporophyte is the photosynthetic, dominant and independent phase of the plant.
  • The single to few-celled haploid gametophyte represents the gametophytic phase. This is referred to as a diplontic life cycle. alga, Fucus represent this pattern.
  • Bryophytes and Pteridophytes have an intermediary stage (Haplo-diplontic); both are multicellular. They do, however, differ in their prominent periods.
  • A haploid gametophyte represents a dominant, autonomous, photosynthetic, thalloid, or erect phase that alternates with the short-lived multicellular sporophyte that is fully or partially dependent on the gametophyte for anchoring and feeding. This pattern is shared by all bryophytes.
  • A dominating, autonomous, photosynthetic, vascular plant body defines the diploid sporophyte. It alternates with saprophytic/autotrophic, independent, multicellular but short-lived haploid gametophyte.
  • This is referred to as the haplo-diplontic life cycle. This pattern is found in all pteridophytes.
  • The majority of algal genera are haplontic, although others, including Ectocarpus, Polysiphonia, and kelps, are haplo-diplontic.

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Chapter-Wise NCERT Class 11 Notes Biology

Following are the links to the all chapters notes for Class 11 biology:

Significance of NCERT Notes for Class 11 Biology Chapter 3

Plant Kingdom class 11th notes will assist you in revising the chapter and gaining an understanding of the main subjects addressed. These Notes for Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 are also beneficial for covering the core concepts of the CBSE biology syllabus in class 11 as well as for competitive exams such as AIPMT, AIIMS, NEET, and other similar exams. The Class 11 Biology chapter 3 notes pdf download can be utilised for offline preparation.

Subject Wise NCERT Exemplar Solutions

Subject-wise NCERT Solutions

Frequently Asked Question (FAQs)

1. What are the key points covered in the notes for biology chapter 3 in Class 11?

The following are the primary topics that are discussed in class 11Plant Kingdom notes and are highly important.

1. Algae

2. Bryophytes

3. Pteridophytes

4. Gymnosperms

5. Angiosperms

2. How will CBSE Class 11 Biology chapter 3 notes benefit students?

Subject specialists have created Class 11 Biology chapter 3 notes that will give you further information on the subject. You can reinforce your foundation with these Class 11 Biology chapter 3 notes. The segment explores every facet of the Plant Kingdom.

3. What is the foundation for algae classification?

According to Plant Kingdom Class 11 notes,

The presence or lack of pigments is the primary foundation for classifying algae. The categorization is as follows:

Chlorophyceae: Green algae are members of the Chlorophyceae family. Because chlorophyll a and b pigments predominate, they are usually grass green. 

Phaeophyceae: Brown algae, also known as Phaeophyceae, are mostly found in marine environments. Chlorophyll a, c, carotenoids, and xanthophylls are all present in them. Depending on how much of the xanthophyll pigment fucoxanthin is present in them, they range in colour from olive green to various shades of brown.

Rhodophyceae: Rhodophyceae members are usually referred to as red algae due to the preponderance of the red pigment r-phycoerythrin in their bodies. 

4. Describe briefly the life cycle of Bryophytes.

Bryophytes have a more differentiated plant body than algae. It is thallus-like as well as prostrate or erect, with unicellular or multicellular rhizoids attaching it to the substratum. They don't have true roots, stems, or leaves. They can have root, leaf, or stem-like structures. The bryophyte's main plant body is haploid. It is called a gametophyte because it produces gametes. Bryophytes have multicellular sex organs.

Antheridium is referred to as the male sex organ. They synthesize biflagellate antherozoids. Archegonium, the female sex organ, is flask-shaped and produces a single egg. The antherozoids are released into the water and come into contact with archegonium.

The zygote is formed when an antherozoid combines with an egg. Zygotes do not immediately begin reduction division. They form a multicellular organism known as a sporophyte. The sporophyte is not free-living, but is connected to the photosynthetic gametophyte and feeds on it. Some sporophyte cells undergo reduction division (meiosis) to produce haploid spores. These spores germinate, resulting in the formation of gametophytes.

5. How important is Class 11 Biology chapter 3 for NEET?

One of the most essential topics in the NEET EXAM is the Plant Kingdom. You'll be asked a lot of questions about Plant Kingdom. NCERT Biology Chapter 3 for Class 11 notes are very important in biology, and you must have sufficient and in-depth knowledge and understanding of the concept in order to achieve good scores in exams.

6. What exactly is heterospory? Comment briefly on its importance as per Class 11 Plant Kingdom notes.

The production of two different types of spores in the same plant is known as heterosporous. 

Importance of heterospory:

Heterosporous is responsible for the development of seeds in gymnosperms and angiosperms. It is necessary for the separation of male and female gametophytes.

These topics can also be downloaded from Plant Kingdom Class 11 notes pdf download.

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A block of mass 0.50 kg is moving with a speed of 2.00 ms-1 on a smooth surface. It strikes another mass of 1.00 kg and then they move together as a single body. The energy loss during the collision is

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0.34\; J

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0.16\; J

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1.00\; J

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0.67\; J

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2.45×10−3 kg

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 6.45×10−3 kg

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 9.89×10−3 kg

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12.89×10−3 kg

 

An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated to be in the range

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2,000 \; J - 5,000\; J

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200 \, \, J - 500 \, \, J

Option 3)

2\times 10^{5}J-3\times 10^{5}J

Option 4)

20,000 \, \, J - 50,000 \, \, J

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Option 1)

K/2\,

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\; K\;

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zero\;

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K/4

In the reaction,

2Al_{(s)}+6HCL_{(aq)}\rightarrow 2Al^{3+}\, _{(aq)}+6Cl^{-}\, _{(aq)}+3H_{2(g)}

Option 1)

11.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}  at STP  is produced for every mole HCL_{(aq)}  consumed

Option 2)

6L\, HCl_{(aq)}  is consumed for ever 3L\, H_{2(g)}      produced

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33.6 L\, H_{2(g)} is produced regardless of temperature and pressure for every mole Al that reacts

Option 4)

67.2\, L\, H_{2(g)} at STP is produced for every mole Al that reacts .

How many moles of magnesium phosphate, Mg_{3}(PO_{4})_{2} will contain 0.25 mole of oxygen atoms?

Option 1)

0.02

Option 2)

3.125 × 10-2

Option 3)

1.25 × 10-2

Option 4)

2.5 × 10-2

If we consider that 1/6, in place of 1/12, mass of carbon atom is taken to be the relative atomic mass unit, the mass of one mole of a substance will

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decrease twice

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increase two fold

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remain unchanged

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be a function of the molecular mass of the substance.

With increase of temperature, which of these changes?

Option 1)

Molality

Option 2)

Weight fraction of solute

Option 3)

Fraction of solute present in water

Option 4)

Mole fraction.

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twice that in 60 g carbon

Option 2)

6.023 × 1022

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half that in 8 g He

Option 4)

558.5 × 6.023 × 1023

A pulley of radius 2 m is rotated about its axis by a force F = (20t - 5t2) newton (where t is measured in seconds) applied tangentially. If the moment of inertia of the pulley about its axis of rotation is 10 kg m2 , the number of rotations made by the pulley before its direction of motion if reversed, is

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less than 3

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more than 6 but less than 9

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more than 9

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Data Analyst

The invention of the database has given fresh breath to the people involved in the data analytics career path. Analysis refers to splitting up a whole into its individual components for individual analysis. Data analysis is a method through which raw data are processed and transformed into information that would be beneficial for user strategic thinking.

Data are collected and examined to respond to questions, evaluate hypotheses or contradict theories. It is a tool for analyzing, transforming, modeling, and arranging data with useful knowledge, to assist in decision-making and methods, encompassing various strategies, and is used in different fields of business, research, and social science.

3 Jobs Available
Geothermal Engineer

Individuals who opt for a career as geothermal engineers are the professionals involved in the processing of geothermal energy. The responsibilities of geothermal engineers may vary depending on the workplace location. Those who work in fields design facilities to process and distribute geothermal energy. They oversee the functioning of machinery used in the field.

3 Jobs Available
Database Architect

If you are intrigued by the programming world and are interested in developing communications networks then a career as database architect may be a good option for you. Data architect roles and responsibilities include building design models for data communication networks. Wide Area Networks (WANs), local area networks (LANs), and intranets are included in the database networks. It is expected that database architects will have in-depth knowledge of a company's business to develop a network to fulfil the requirements of the organisation. Stay tuned as we look at the larger picture and give you more information on what is db architecture, why you should pursue database architecture, what to expect from such a degree and what your job opportunities will be after graduation. Here, we will be discussing how to become a data architect. Students can visit NIT Trichy, IIT Kharagpur, JMI New Delhi

3 Jobs Available
Remote Sensing Technician

Individuals who opt for a career as a remote sensing technician possess unique personalities. Remote sensing analysts seem to be rational human beings, they are strong, independent, persistent, sincere, realistic and resourceful. Some of them are analytical as well, which means they are intelligent, introspective and inquisitive. 

Remote sensing scientists use remote sensing technology to support scientists in fields such as community planning, flight planning or the management of natural resources. Analysing data collected from aircraft, satellites or ground-based platforms using statistical analysis software, image analysis software or Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a significant part of their work. Do you want to learn how to become remote sensing technician? There's no need to be concerned; we've devised a simple remote sensing technician career path for you. Scroll through the pages and read.

3 Jobs Available
Budget Analyst

Budget analysis, in a nutshell, entails thoroughly analyzing the details of a financial budget. The budget analysis aims to better understand and manage revenue. Budget analysts assist in the achievement of financial targets, the preservation of profitability, and the pursuit of long-term growth for a business. Budget analysts generally have a bachelor's degree in accounting, finance, economics, or a closely related field. Knowledge of Financial Management is of prime importance in this career.

4 Jobs Available
Data Analyst

The invention of the database has given fresh breath to the people involved in the data analytics career path. Analysis refers to splitting up a whole into its individual components for individual analysis. Data analysis is a method through which raw data are processed and transformed into information that would be beneficial for user strategic thinking.

Data are collected and examined to respond to questions, evaluate hypotheses or contradict theories. It is a tool for analyzing, transforming, modeling, and arranging data with useful knowledge, to assist in decision-making and methods, encompassing various strategies, and is used in different fields of business, research, and social science.

3 Jobs Available
Underwriter

An underwriter is a person who assesses and evaluates the risk of insurance in his or her field like mortgage, loan, health policy, investment, and so on and so forth. The underwriter career path does involve risks as analysing the risks means finding out if there is a way for the insurance underwriter jobs to recover the money from its clients. If the risk turns out to be too much for the company then in the future it is an underwriter who will be held accountable for it. Therefore, one must carry out his or her job with a lot of attention and diligence.

3 Jobs Available
Finance Executive
3 Jobs Available
Product Manager

A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

3 Jobs Available
Operations Manager

Individuals in the operations manager jobs are responsible for ensuring the efficiency of each department to acquire its optimal goal. They plan the use of resources and distribution of materials. The operations manager's job description includes managing budgets, negotiating contracts, and performing administrative tasks.

3 Jobs Available
Stock Analyst

Individuals who opt for a career as a stock analyst examine the company's investments makes decisions and keep track of financial securities. The nature of such investments will differ from one business to the next. Individuals in the stock analyst career use data mining to forecast a company's profits and revenues, advise clients on whether to buy or sell, participate in seminars, and discussing financial matters with executives and evaluate annual reports.

2 Jobs Available
Researcher

A Researcher is a professional who is responsible for collecting data and information by reviewing the literature and conducting experiments and surveys. He or she uses various methodological processes to provide accurate data and information that is utilised by academicians and other industry professionals. Here, we will discuss what is a researcher, the researcher's salary, types of researchers.

2 Jobs Available
Welding Engineer

Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues. 

5 Jobs Available
Transportation Planner

A career as Transportation Planner requires technical application of science and technology in engineering, particularly the concepts, equipment and technologies involved in the production of products and services. In fields like land use, infrastructure review, ecological standards and street design, he or she considers issues of health, environment and performance. A Transportation Planner assigns resources for implementing and designing programmes. He or she is responsible for assessing needs, preparing plans and forecasts and compliance with regulations.

3 Jobs Available
Environmental Engineer

Individuals who opt for a career as an environmental engineer are construction professionals who utilise the skills and knowledge of biology, soil science, chemistry and the concept of engineering to design and develop projects that serve as solutions to various environmental problems. 

2 Jobs Available
Safety Manager

A Safety Manager is a professional responsible for employee’s safety at work. He or she plans, implements and oversees the company’s employee safety. A Safety Manager ensures compliance and adherence to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) guidelines.

2 Jobs Available
Conservation Architect

A Conservation Architect is a professional responsible for conserving and restoring buildings or monuments having a historic value. He or she applies techniques to document and stabilise the object’s state without any further damage. A Conservation Architect restores the monuments and heritage buildings to bring them back to their original state.

2 Jobs Available
Structural Engineer

A Structural Engineer designs buildings, bridges, and other related structures. He or she analyzes the structures and makes sure the structures are strong enough to be used by the people. A career as a Structural Engineer requires working in the construction process. It comes under the civil engineering discipline. A Structure Engineer creates structural models with the help of computer-aided design software. 

2 Jobs Available
Highway Engineer

Highway Engineer Job Description: A Highway Engineer is a civil engineer who specialises in planning and building thousands of miles of roads that support connectivity and allow transportation across the country. He or she ensures that traffic management schemes are effectively planned concerning economic sustainability and successful implementation.

2 Jobs Available
Field Surveyor

Are you searching for a Field Surveyor Job Description? A Field Surveyor is a professional responsible for conducting field surveys for various places or geographical conditions. He or she collects the required data and information as per the instructions given by senior officials. 

2 Jobs Available
Orthotist and Prosthetist

Orthotists and Prosthetists are professionals who provide aid to patients with disabilities. They fix them to artificial limbs (prosthetics) and help them to regain stability. There are times when people lose their limbs in an accident. In some other occasions, they are born without a limb or orthopaedic impairment. Orthotists and prosthetists play a crucial role in their lives with fixing them to assistive devices and provide mobility.

6 Jobs Available
Pathologist

A career in pathology in India is filled with several responsibilities as it is a medical branch and affects human lives. The demand for pathologists has been increasing over the past few years as people are getting more aware of different diseases. Not only that, but an increase in population and lifestyle changes have also contributed to the increase in a pathologist’s demand. The pathology careers provide an extremely huge number of opportunities and if you want to be a part of the medical field you can consider being a pathologist. If you want to know more about a career in pathology in India then continue reading this article.

5 Jobs Available
Veterinary Doctor
5 Jobs Available
Speech Therapist
4 Jobs Available
Gynaecologist

Gynaecology can be defined as the study of the female body. The job outlook for gynaecology is excellent since there is evergreen demand for one because of their responsibility of dealing with not only women’s health but also fertility and pregnancy issues. Although most women prefer to have a women obstetrician gynaecologist as their doctor, men also explore a career as a gynaecologist and there are ample amounts of male doctors in the field who are gynaecologists and aid women during delivery and childbirth. 

4 Jobs Available
Audiologist

The audiologist career involves audiology professionals who are responsible to treat hearing loss and proactively preventing the relevant damage. Individuals who opt for a career as an audiologist use various testing strategies with the aim to determine if someone has a normal sensitivity to sounds or not. After the identification of hearing loss, a hearing doctor is required to determine which sections of the hearing are affected, to what extent they are affected, and where the wound causing the hearing loss is found. As soon as the hearing loss is identified, the patients are provided with recommendations for interventions and rehabilitation such as hearing aids, cochlear implants, and appropriate medical referrals. While audiology is a branch of science that studies and researches hearing, balance, and related disorders.

3 Jobs Available
Oncologist

An oncologist is a specialised doctor responsible for providing medical care to patients diagnosed with cancer. He or she uses several therapies to control the cancer and its effect on the human body such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and biopsy. An oncologist designs a treatment plan based on a pathology report after diagnosing the type of cancer and where it is spreading inside the body.

3 Jobs Available
Anatomist

Are you searching for an ‘Anatomist job description’? An Anatomist is a research professional who applies the laws of biological science to determine the ability of bodies of various living organisms including animals and humans to regenerate the damaged or destroyed organs. If you want to know what does an anatomist do, then read the entire article, where we will answer all your questions.

2 Jobs Available
Actor

For an individual who opts for a career as an actor, the primary responsibility is to completely speak to the character he or she is playing and to persuade the crowd that the character is genuine by connecting with them and bringing them into the story. This applies to significant roles and littler parts, as all roles join to make an effective creation. Here in this article, we will discuss how to become an actor in India, actor exams, actor salary in India, and actor jobs. 

4 Jobs Available
Acrobat

Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats create and direct original routines for themselves, in addition to developing interpretations of existing routines. The work of circus acrobats can be seen in a variety of performance settings, including circus, reality shows, sports events like the Olympics, movies and commercials. Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats must be prepared to face rejections and intermittent periods of work. The creativity of acrobats may extend to other aspects of the performance. For example, acrobats in the circus may work with gym trainers, celebrities or collaborate with other professionals to enhance such performance elements as costume and or maybe at the teaching end of the career.

3 Jobs Available
Video Game Designer

Career as a video game designer is filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. A video game designer is someone who is involved in the process of creating a game from day one. He or she is responsible for fulfilling duties like designing the character of the game, the several levels involved, plot, art and similar other elements. Individuals who opt for a career as a video game designer may also write the codes for the game using different programming languages.

Depending on the video game designer job description and experience they may also have to lead a team and do the early testing of the game in order to suggest changes and find loopholes.

3 Jobs Available
Radio Jockey

Radio Jockey is an exciting, promising career and a great challenge for music lovers. If you are really interested in a career as radio jockey, then it is very important for an RJ to have an automatic, fun, and friendly personality. If you want to get a job done in this field, a strong command of the language and a good voice are always good things. Apart from this, in order to be a good radio jockey, you will also listen to good radio jockeys so that you can understand their style and later make your own by practicing.

A career as radio jockey has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. If you want to know more about a career as radio jockey, and how to become a radio jockey then continue reading the article.

3 Jobs Available
Choreographer

The word “choreography" actually comes from Greek words that mean “dance writing." Individuals who opt for a career as a choreographer create and direct original dances, in addition to developing interpretations of existing dances. A Choreographer dances and utilises his or her creativity in other aspects of dance performance. For example, he or she may work with the music director to select music or collaborate with other famous choreographers to enhance such performance elements as lighting, costume and set design.

2 Jobs Available
Social Media Manager

A career as social media manager involves implementing the company’s or brand’s marketing plan across all social media channels. Social media managers help in building or improving a brand’s or a company’s website traffic, build brand awareness, create and implement marketing and brand strategy. Social media managers are key to important social communication as well.

2 Jobs Available
Photographer

Photography is considered both a science and an art, an artistic means of expression in which the camera replaces the pen. In a career as a photographer, an individual is hired to capture the moments of public and private events, such as press conferences or weddings, or may also work inside a studio, where people go to get their picture clicked. Photography is divided into many streams each generating numerous career opportunities in photography. With the boom in advertising, media, and the fashion industry, photography has emerged as a lucrative and thrilling career option for many Indian youths.

2 Jobs Available
Producer

An individual who is pursuing a career as a producer is responsible for managing the business aspects of production. They are involved in each aspect of production from its inception to deception. Famous movie producers review the script, recommend changes and visualise the story. 

They are responsible for overseeing the finance involved in the project and distributing the film for broadcasting on various platforms. A career as a producer is quite fulfilling as well as exhaustive in terms of playing different roles in order for a production to be successful. Famous movie producers are responsible for hiring creative and technical personnel on contract basis.

2 Jobs Available
Copy Writer

In a career as a copywriter, one has to consult with the client and understand the brief well. A career as a copywriter has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. Several new mediums of advertising are opening therefore making it a lucrative career choice. Students can pursue various copywriter courses such as Journalism, Advertising, Marketing Management. Here, we have discussed how to become a freelance copywriter, copywriter career path, how to become a copywriter in India, and copywriting career outlook. 

5 Jobs Available
Vlogger

In a career as a vlogger, one generally works for himself or herself. However, once an individual has gained viewership there are several brands and companies that approach them for paid collaboration. It is one of those fields where an individual can earn well while following his or her passion. 

Ever since internet costs got reduced the viewership for these types of content has increased on a large scale. Therefore, a career as a vlogger has a lot to offer. If you want to know more about the Vlogger eligibility, roles and responsibilities then continue reading the article. 

3 Jobs Available
Publisher

For publishing books, newspapers, magazines and digital material, editorial and commercial strategies are set by publishers. Individuals in publishing career paths make choices about the markets their businesses will reach and the type of content that their audience will be served. Individuals in book publisher careers collaborate with editorial staff, designers, authors, and freelance contributors who develop and manage the creation of content.

3 Jobs Available
Journalist

Careers in journalism are filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. One cannot afford to miss out on the details. As it is the small details that provide insights into a story. Depending on those insights a journalist goes about writing a news article. A journalism career can be stressful at times but if you are someone who is passionate about it then it is the right choice for you. If you want to know more about the media field and journalist career then continue reading this article.

3 Jobs Available
Editor

Individuals in the editor career path is an unsung hero of the news industry who polishes the language of the news stories provided by stringers, reporters, copywriters and content writers and also news agencies. Individuals who opt for a career as an editor make it more persuasive, concise and clear for readers. In this article, we will discuss the details of the editor's career path such as how to become an editor in India, editor salary in India and editor skills and qualities.

3 Jobs Available
Reporter

Individuals who opt for a career as a reporter may often be at work on national holidays and festivities. He or she pitches various story ideas and covers news stories in risky situations. Students can pursue a BMC (Bachelor of Mass Communication), B.M.M. (Bachelor of Mass Media), or MAJMC (MA in Journalism and Mass Communication) to become a reporter. While we sit at home reporters travel to locations to collect information that carries a news value.  

2 Jobs Available
Corporate Executive

Are you searching for a Corporate Executive job description? A Corporate Executive role comes with administrative duties. He or she provides support to the leadership of the organisation. A Corporate Executive fulfils the business purpose and ensures its financial stability. In this article, we are going to discuss how to become corporate executive.

2 Jobs Available
Multimedia Specialist

A multimedia specialist is a media professional who creates, audio, videos, graphic image files, computer animations for multimedia applications. He or she is responsible for planning, producing, and maintaining websites and applications. 

2 Jobs Available
Welding Engineer

Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues. 

5 Jobs Available
QA Manager
4 Jobs Available
Quality Controller

A quality controller plays a crucial role in an organisation. He or she is responsible for performing quality checks on manufactured products. He or she identifies the defects in a product and rejects the product. 

A quality controller records detailed information about products with defects and sends it to the supervisor or plant manager to take necessary actions to improve the production process.

3 Jobs Available
Production Manager
3 Jobs Available
Product Manager

A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

3 Jobs Available
QA Lead

A QA Lead is in charge of the QA Team. The role of QA Lead comes with the responsibility of assessing services and products in order to determine that he or she meets the quality standards. He or she develops, implements and manages test plans. 

2 Jobs Available
Structural Engineer

A Structural Engineer designs buildings, bridges, and other related structures. He or she analyzes the structures and makes sure the structures are strong enough to be used by the people. A career as a Structural Engineer requires working in the construction process. It comes under the civil engineering discipline. A Structure Engineer creates structural models with the help of computer-aided design software. 

2 Jobs Available
Process Development Engineer

The Process Development Engineers design, implement, manufacture, mine, and other production systems using technical knowledge and expertise in the industry. They use computer modeling software to test technologies and machinery. An individual who is opting career as Process Development Engineer is responsible for developing cost-effective and efficient processes. They also monitor the production process and ensure it functions smoothly and efficiently.

2 Jobs Available
QA Manager
4 Jobs Available
AWS Solution Architect

An AWS Solution Architect is someone who specializes in developing and implementing cloud computing systems. He or she has a good understanding of the various aspects of cloud computing and can confidently deploy and manage their systems. He or she troubleshoots the issues and evaluates the risk from the third party. 

4 Jobs Available
Azure Administrator

An Azure Administrator is a professional responsible for implementing, monitoring, and maintaining Azure Solutions. He or she manages cloud infrastructure service instances and various cloud servers as well as sets up public and private cloud systems. 

4 Jobs Available
Computer Programmer

Careers in computer programming primarily refer to the systematic act of writing code and moreover include wider computer science areas. The word 'programmer' or 'coder' has entered into practice with the growing number of newly self-taught tech enthusiasts. Computer programming careers involve the use of designs created by software developers and engineers and transforming them into commands that can be implemented by computers. These commands result in regular usage of social media sites, word-processing applications and browsers.

3 Jobs Available
Product Manager

A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

3 Jobs Available
Information Security Manager

Individuals in the information security manager career path involves in overseeing and controlling all aspects of computer security. The IT security manager job description includes planning and carrying out security measures to protect the business data and information from corruption, theft, unauthorised access, and deliberate attack 

3 Jobs Available
ITSM Manager
3 Jobs Available
Automation Test Engineer

An Automation Test Engineer job involves executing automated test scripts. He or she identifies the project’s problems and troubleshoots them. The role involves documenting the defect using management tools. He or she works with the application team in order to resolve any issues arising during the testing process. 

2 Jobs Available
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