NCERT Solutions for Miscellaneous Exercise Chapter 11 Class 12 - Three Dimensional Geometry

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NCERT Solutions for Miscellaneous Exercise Chapter 11 Class 12 - Three Dimensional Geometry

Edited By Ramraj Saini | Updated on Dec 04, 2023 01:50 PM IST | #CBSE Class 12th

NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Chapter 11 Miscellaneous Exercise

NCERT Solutions for miscellaneous exercise chapter 11 class 12 Three Dimensional Geometry are discussed here. These NCERT solutions are created by subject matter expert at Careers360 considering the latest syllabus and pattern of CBSE 2023-24. Three Dimensional Geometry is the 11th chapter of NCERT Class 12 Mathematics. The chapter covers a few concepts from lines and planes in three dimensions. Concepts like equations of a line, plane and distance between them etc. A the end of the chapter the miscellaneous exercise comes. Here the NCERT solutions for Class 12 Maths chapter 11 miscellaneous exercise is given. The NCERT book class 12 maths chapter 11 miscellaneous exercise solutions covers questions related to all the concepts of the chapter. These Class 12 Maths chapter 11 miscellaneous solutions are designed by mathematics expert faculties.

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Miscellaneous exercise class 12 chapter 11 are designed as per the students demand covering comprehensive, step by step solutions of every problem. Practice these questions and answers to command the concepts, boost confidence and in depth understanding of concepts. Students can find all exercise enumerated in NCERT Book together using the link provided below.

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Three Dimensional Geometry Class 12th Chapter 11-Miscellaneous Exercise

Question:1 Show that the line joining the origin to the point (2, 1, 1) is perpendicular to the line determined by the points (3, 5, – 1), (4, 3, – 1).

Answer:

We can assume the line joining the origin, be OA where $O(0,0,0)$ and the point $A(2,1,1)$ and PQ be the line joining the points $P(3,5,-1)$ and $Q(4,3,-1)$ .

Then the direction ratios of the line OA will be $(2-0),(1-0),\ and\ (1-0) = 2,1,1$ and that of line PQ will be

$(4-3),(3-5),\ and\ (-1+1) = 1,-2,0$

So to check whether line OA is perpendicular to line PQ then,

Applying the relation we know,

$a_{1}a_{2}+b_{1}b_{2}+c_{1}c_{2} = 0$

$\Rightarrow 2(1)+1(-2)+1(0) = 2-2+0 = 0$

Therefore OA is perpendicular to line PQ.

Question:2 If l ₁ , m ₁ , n ₁ and l ₂ , m ₂ , n ₂ are the direction cosines of two mutually perpendicular lines, show that the direction cosines of the line perpendicular to both of these are $m_{1}n_{2}-m_{2}n_{1}, n_{1}l_{2}-n_{2}l_{1},l_{1}m_{2}-l_{2}m_{1}$ .

Answer:

Given that $l_1,m_1,n_1\ and\ l_2,m_2,n_2$ are the direction cosines of two mutually perpendicular lines.

Therefore, we have the relation:

$l_{1}l_{2}+m_{1}m_{2}+n_{1}n_{2} = 0$ .........................(1)

$l_{1}^2+m_{1}^2+n_{1}^2 =1\ and\ l_{2}^2+m_{2}^2+n_{2}^2 =1$ .............(2)

Now, let us assume $l,m,n$ be the new direction cosines of the lines which are perpendicular to the line with direction cosines. $l_1,m_1,n_1\ and\ l_2,m_2,n_2$

Therefore we have, $ll_{1}+mm_{1}+nn_{1} = 0 \and\ ll_{2}+mm_{2}+nn_{2} = 0$

Or, $\frac{l}{m_{1}n_{2}-m_{2}n_{1}} = \frac{m}{n_{1}l_{2}-n_{2}l_{1}} = \frac{n}{l_{1}m_{2}-l_{2}m_{1}}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{l^2}{(m_{1}n_{2}-m_{2}n_{1})^2} = \frac{m^2}{(n_{1}l_{2}-n_{2}l_{1})^2} = \frac{n^2}{(l_{1}m_{2}-l_{2}m_{1})^2}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{l^2+m^2+n^2}{(m_{1}n_{2}-m_{2}n_{1})^2 +(n_{1}l_{2}-n_{2}l_{1})^2+(l_{1}m_{2}-l_{2}m_{1})^2}$ ......(3)

So, l,m,n are the direction cosines of the line.

where, $l^2+m^2+n^2 =1$ ........................(4)

Then we know that,

$\Rightarrow (l_{1}^2+m_{1}^2+n_{1}^2)(l_{2}^2+m_{2}^2+n_{2}^2) - (l_{1}l_{2}+m_{1}m_{2}+n_{1}n_{2})^2$

$= (m_{1}n_{2}-m_{2}n_{1})^2 + (n_{1}l_{2}-n_{2}l_{1})^2+(l_{1}m_{2}-l_{2}m_{1})^2$

So, from the equation (1) and (2) we have,

$(1)(1) -(0) =(m_{1}n_{2}-m_{2}n_{1})^2 + (n_{1}l_{2}-n_{2}l_{1})^2+(l_{1}m_{2}-l_{2}m_{1})^2$

Therefore, $(m_{1}n_{2}-m_{2}n_{1})^2 + (n_{1}l_{2}-n_{2}l_{1})^2+(l_{1}m_{2}-l_{2}m_{1})^2 =1$ ..(5)

Now, we will substitute the values from the equation (4) and (5) in equation (3), to get

$\frac{l^2}{(m_{1}n_{2}-m_{2}n_{1})^2} = \frac{m^2}{(n_{1}l_{2}-n_{2}l_{1})^2} = \frac{n^2}{(l_{1}m_{2}-l_{2}m_{1})^2} =1$

Therefore we have the direction cosines of the required line as;

$l =m_{1}n_{2} - m_{2}n_{1}$

$m =n_{1}l_{2} - n_{2}l_{1}$

$n =l_{1}m_{2} - l_{2}m_{1}$

Question:3 Find the angle between the lines whose direction ratios are a, b, c and b – c, c – a, a – b.

Answer:

Given direction ratios $a,b,c$ and $b-c,\ c-a,\ a-b$ .

Thus the angle between the lines A is given by;

$A = \left | \frac{a(b-c)+b(c-a)+c(a-b)}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}.\sqrt{(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2+(a-b)^2}} \right |$

$\Rightarrow \cos A = 0$

$\Rightarrow A = \cos^{-1}(0) = 90^{\circ}$ a

Thus, the angle between the lines is $90^{\circ}$

Question:4 Find the equation of a line parallel to x-axis and passing through the origin.

Answer:

Equation of a line parallel to the x-axis and passing through the origin $(0,0,0)$ is itself x-axis .

So, let A be a point on the x-axis.

Therefore, the coordinates of A are given by $(a,0,0)$ , where $a\epsilon R$ .

Now, the direction ratios of OA are $(a-0) =a,0 , 0$

So, the equation of OA is given by,

$\frac{x-0}{a} = \frac{y-0}{0} = \frac{z-0}{0}$

or $\Rightarrow \frac{x}{1} = \frac{y}{0} = \frac{z}{0} = a$

Thus, the equation of the line parallel to the x-axis and passing through origin is

$\frac{x}{1} = \frac{y}{0} = \frac{z}{0}$

Question:5 If the coordinates of the points A, B, C, D be (1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 7), (– 4, 3, – 6) and (2, 9, 2) respectively, then find the angle between the lines AB and CD.

Answer:

Direction ratios of AB are $(4-1),(5-2),(7-3) = 3,3,4$

and Direction ratios of CD are $(2-(-4)), (9-3), (2-(-6)) = 6,6,8$

So, it can be noticed that, $\frac{a_{1}}{a_{2}} = \frac{b_{1}}{b_{2}} =\frac{c_{1}}{c_{2}} = \frac{1}{2}$

Therefore, AB is parallel to CD.

Thus, we can easily say the angle between AB and CD which is either $0^{\circ}\ or\ 180^{\circ}$ .

Question:6 If the lines $\frac{x-1}{-3}=\frac{y-2}{k}=\frac{z-3}{2}$ and $\frac{x-1}{3k}=\frac{y-1}{1}=\frac{z-6}{-5}$ are perpendicular, find the value of k.

Answer:

Given both lines are perpendicular so we have the relation; $a_{1}a_{2}+b_{1}b_{2}+c_{1}c_{2} = 0$

For the two lines whose direction ratios are known,

$a_{1},b_{1},c_{1}\ and\ a_{2},b_{2},c_{2}$

We have the direction ratios of the lines, $\frac{x-1}{-3}=\frac{y-2}{k}=\frac{z-3}{2}$ and $\frac{x-1}{3k}=\frac{y-1}{1}=\frac{z-6}{-5}$ are $-3,2k,2$ and $3k,1,-5$ respectively.

Therefore applying the formula,

$-3(3k)+2k(1)+2(-5) = 0$

$\Rightarrow -9k +2k -10 = 0$

$\Rightarrow7k=-10$ or $k= \frac{-10}{7}$

$\therefore$ For, $k= \frac{-10}{7}$ the lines are perpendicular.

Question:7 Find the vector equation of the line passing through (1, 2, 3) and perpendicular to the plane $\overrightarrow{r}.(\widehat{i}+2\widehat{j}-5\widehat{k})+9=0$

Answer:

Given that the plane is passing through the point $A (1,2,3)$ so, the position vector of the point A is $\vec{r_{A}} = \widehat{i}+2\widehat{j}+3\widehat{k}$ and perpendicular to the plane $\overrightarrow{r}.(\widehat{i}+2\widehat{j}-5\widehat{k})+9=0$ whose direction ratios are $1,2,\ and\ -5$ and the normal vector is $\vec{n} = \widehat{i}+2\widehat{j}-5\widehat{k}$

So, the equation of a line passing through a point and perpendicular to the given plane is given by,

$\vec{l} = \vec{r} + \lambda\vec{n}$ , where $\lambda \epsilon R$

$\Rightarrow \vec{l} = (\widehat{i}+2\widehat{j}+3\widehat{k}) + \lambda(\widehat{i}+2\widehat{j}-5\widehat{k})$

Question:8 Find the equation of the plane passing through (a, b, c) and parallel to the plane $\overrightarrow{r}.(\widehat{i}+\widehat{j}+\widehat{k})=2$ .

Answer:

Given that the plane is passing through $(a,b,c)$ and is parallel to the plane $\overrightarrow{r}.(\widehat{i}+\widehat{j}+\widehat{k})=2$

So, we have

The position vector of the point $A(a,b,c)$ is, $\vec{r_{A}} = a\widehat{i}+b\widehat{j}+c\widehat{k}$

and any plane which is parallel to the plane, $\overrightarrow{r}.(\widehat{i}+\widehat{j}+\widehat{k})=2$ is of the form,

$\overrightarrow{r}.(\widehat{i}+\widehat{j}+\widehat{k})=\lambda$ . .......................(1)

Therefore the equation we get,

$( a\widehat{i}+b\widehat{j}+c\widehat{k}).(\widehat{i}+\widehat{j}+\widehat{k})=\lambda$

Or, $a+b+c = \lambda$

So, now substituting the value of $\lambda = a+b+c$ in equation (1), we get

$\overrightarrow{r}.(\widehat{i}+\widehat{j}+\widehat{k})=a+b+c$ .................(2)

So, this is the required equation of the plane .

Now, substituting $\vec{r} = x\widehat{i}+y\widehat{j}+z\widehat{k}$ in equation (2), we get

$(x\widehat{i}+y\widehat{j}+z\widehat{k}).(\widehat{i}+\widehat{j}+\widehat{k})=a+b+c$

Or, $x+y+z = a+b+c$

Question:9 Find the shortest distance between lines $\overrightarrow{r}=6\widehat{i}+2\widehat{j}+2\widehat{k}+\lambda (\widehat{i}-2\widehat{j}-2\widehat{k})$ and $\overrightarrow{r}=-4\widehat{i}-\widehat{k}+\mu(3\widehat{i}-2\widehat{j}-2\widehat{k})$ .

Answer:

Given lines are;

$\overrightarrow{r}=6\widehat{i}+2\widehat{j}+2\widehat{k}+\lambda (\widehat{i}-2\widehat{j}-2\widehat{k})$ and

$\overrightarrow{r}=-4\widehat{i}-\widehat{k}+\mu(3\widehat{i}-2\widehat{j}-2\widehat{k})$

So, we can find the shortest distance between two lines $\vec{r} = \vec{a_{1}}+\lambda \vec{b_{1}}$ and $\vec{r} = \vec{a_{1}}+\lambda \vec{b_{1}}$ by the formula,

$d = \left | \frac{(\vec{b_{1}}\times\vec{b_{2}}).(\vec{a_{2}}-\vec{a_{1}})}{\left | \vec{b_{1}}\times\vec{b_{2}} \right |} \right |$ ...........................(1)

Now, we have from the comparisons of the given equations of lines.

$\vec{a_{1}} = 6\widehat{i}+2\widehat{j}+2\widehat{k}$ $\vec{b_{1}} = \widehat{i}-2\widehat{j}+2\widehat{k}$

$\vec{a_{2}} = -4\widehat{i}-\widehat{k}$ $\vec{b_{2}} = 3\widehat{i}-2\widehat{j}-2\widehat{k}$

So, $\vec{a_{2}} -\vec{a_{1}} = (-4\widehat{i}-\widehat{k}) -(6\widehat{i}+2\widehat{j}+2\widehat{k}) = -10\widehat{i}-2\widehat{j}-3\widehat{k}$

and $\Rightarrow \vec{b_{1}}\times \vec{b_{2}} = \begin{vmatrix} \widehat{i} &\widehat{j} &\widehat{k} \\ 1 &-2 &2 \\ 3& -2 &-2 \end{vmatrix} = (4+4)\widehat{i}-(-2-6)\widehat{j}+(-2+6)\widehat{k}$

$=8\widehat{i}+8\widehat{j}+4\widehat{k}$

$\therefore \left | \vec{b_{1}}\times \vec{b_{2}} \right | = \sqrt{8^2+8^2+4^2} =12$

$(\vec{b_{1}}\times \vec{b_{2}}).(\vec{a_{2}}-\vec{a_{1}}) = (8\widehat{i}+8\widehat{j}+4\widehat{k}).(-10\widehat{i}-2\widehat{j}-3\widehat{k}) = -80-16-12 =-108$ Now, substituting all values in equation (3) we get,

$d = | \frac{-108}{12}| = 9$

Hence the shortest distance between the two given lines is 9 units.

Question:10 Find the coordinates of the point where the line through (5, 1, 6) and (3, 4,1) crosses the YZ-plane.

Answer:

We know that the equation of the line that passes through the points $(x_{1},y_{1},z_{1})$ and $(x_{2},y_{2},z_{2})$ is given by the relation;

$\frac{x-x_{1}}{x_{2}-x_{1}} = \frac{y-y_{1}}{y_{2}-y_{1}} = \frac{z-z_{1}}{z_{2}-z_{1}}$

and the line passing through the points, $\frac{x-5}{3-5} =\frac{y-1}{4-1} = \frac{z-6}{1-6}$

$\implies \frac{x-5}{-2} = \frac{y-1}{3} = \frac{z-6}{-5} = k\ (say)$

$\implies x=5-2k,\ y=3k+1,\ z=6-5k$

And any point on the line is of the form $(5-2k,3k+1,6-5k)$ .

So, the equation of the YZ plane is $x=0$

Since the line passes through YZ- plane,

we have then,

$5-2k = 0$

$\Rightarrow k =\frac{5}{2}$

or $3k+1 = 3(\frac{5}{2})+1 = \frac{17}{2}$ and $6-5k= 6-5(\frac{5}{2}) = \frac{-13}{2}$

So, therefore the required point is $\left ( 0,\frac{17}{2},\frac{-13}{2} \right )$

Question : 11 Find the coordinates of the point where the line through (5, 1, 6) and (3, 4, 1) crosses the ZX-plane.

Answer:

We know that the equation of the line that passes through the points $(x_{1},y_{1},z_{1})$ and $(x_{2},y_{2},z_{2})$ is given by the relation;

$\frac{x-x_{1}}{x_{2}-x_{1}} = \frac{y-y_{1}}{y_{2}-y_{1}} = \frac{z-z_{1}}{z_{2}-z_{1}}$

and the line passing through the points, $\frac{x-5}{3-5} =\frac{y-1}{4-1} = \frac{z-6}{1-6}$

$\implies \frac{x-5}{-2} = \frac{y-1}{3} = \frac{z-6}{-5} = k\ (say)$

$\implies x=5-2k,\ y=3k+1,\ z=6-5k$

And any point on the line is of the form $(5-2k,3k+1,6-5k)$ .

So, the equation of ZX plane is $y=0$

Since the line passes through YZ- plane,

we have then,

$3k+1 = 0$

$\Rightarrow k =-\frac{1}{3}$

or $5-2k = 5-2\left ( -\frac{1}{3} \right ) = \frac{17}{3}$ and $6-5k= 6-5(\frac{-1}{3}) = \frac{23}{3}$

So, therefore the required point is $\left ( \frac{17}{3},0,\frac{23}{3} \right )$

Question:12 Find the coordinates of the point where the line through (3, – 4, – 5) and (2, – 3, 1) crosses the plane 2x + y + z = 7.

Answer:

We know that the equation of the line that passes through the points $(x_{1},y_{1},z_{1})$ and $(x_{2},y_{2},z_{2})$ is given by the relation;

$\frac{x-x_{1}}{x_{2}-x_{1}} = \frac{y-y_{1}}{y_{2}-y_{1}} = \frac{z-z_{1}}{z_{2}-z_{1}}$

and the line passing through the points, $(3,-4,-5)\ and\ (2,-3,1)$ .

$\implies \frac{x-3}{2-3} = \frac{y+4}{-3+4} = \frac{z+5}{1+5} = k\ (say)$

$\implies \frac{x-3}{-1} = \frac{y+4}{-1} = \frac{z+5}{6} = k\ (say)$

$\implies x=3-k,\ y=k-4,\ z=6k-5$

And any point on the line is of the form. $(3-k,k-4,6k-5)$

This point lies on the plane, $2x+y+z = 7$

$\therefore 2(3-k)+(k-4)+(6k-5) = 7$

$\implies 5k-3=7$

or $k =2$ .

Hence, the coordinates of the required point are $(3-2,2-4,6(2)-5)$ or $(1,-2,7)$ .

Question:13 Find the equation of the plane passing through the point (– 1, 3, 2) and perpendicular to each of the planes x + 2y + 3z = 5 and 3x + 3y + z = 0.

Answer:

Given

two planes x + 2y + 3z = 5 and 3x + 3y + z = 0.

the normal vectors of these plane are

$n_1=\hat i+2\hat j+ 3\hat k$

$n_2=3\hat i+3\hat j+ \hat k$

Since the normal vector of the required plane is perpendicular to the normal vector of given planes, the required plane's normal vector will be :

$\vec n = \vec n_1\times\vec n_2$

$\vec n = (\hat i+2\hat j +3\hat k )\times (3\hat i + 3\hat j +\hat k)$

$\vec n =\begin{vmatrix} \hat i &\hat j &\hat k \\ 1 &2 &3 \\ 3& 3& 1 \end{vmatrix}=\hat i(2-9)-\hat j(1-9)+\hat k (3-6)$

$\vec n =-7\hat i+8\hat j-3\hat k$

Now, as we know

the equation of a plane in vector form is :

$\vec r\cdot\vec n=d$

$\vec r\cdot(-7\hat i+8\hat j-3\hat k)=d$

Now Since this plane passes through the point (-1,3,2)

$(-\hat i+3\hat j+2\hat k)\cdot(-7\hat i+8\hat j-3\hat k)=d$

$7+24-6=d$

$d=25$

Hence the equation of the plane is

$\vec r\cdot(-7\hat i+8\hat j-3\hat k)=25$

Question:14 If the points (1, 1, p) and (– 3, 0, 1) be equidistant from the plane $\overrightarrow{r}.(3\widehat{i}+4\widehat{j}-12\widehat{k})+13 =0$ then find the value of p.

Answer:

Given that the points $A(1,1,p)$ and $B(-3,0,1)$ are equidistant from the plane

$\overrightarrow{r}.(3\widehat{i}+4\widehat{j}-12\widehat{k})+13 =0$

So we can write the position vector through the point $(1,1,p)$ is $\vec{a_{1}} = \widehat{i}+\widehat{j}+p\widehat{k}$

Similarly, the position vector through the point $B(-3,0,1)$ is

$\vec{a_{2}} = -4\widehat{i}+\widehat{k}$

The equation of the given plane is $\overrightarrow{r}.(3\widehat{i}+4\widehat{j}-12\widehat{k})+13 =0$

and We know that the perpendicular distance between a point whose position vector is $\vec{a}$ and the plane, $\vec{n} = 3\widehat{i}+4\widehat{j}-12\widehat{k}$ and $d =-13$

Therefore, the distance between the point $A(1,1,p)$ and the given plane is

$D_{1} = \frac{\left | (\widehat{i}+\widehat{j}+p\widehat{k}).(3\widehat{i}+4\widehat{j}-12\widehat{k})+13 \right |}{3\widehat{i}+4\widehat{j}-12\widehat{k}}$

$D_{1} = \frac{\left | 3+4-12p+13 \right |}{\sqrt{3^2+4^2+(-12)^2}}$

$D_{1} = \frac{\left | 20-12p \right |}{13}$ nbsp; .........................(1)

Similarly, the distance between the point $B(-1,0,1)$ , and the given plane is

$D_{2} = \frac{\left | (-3\widehat{i}+\widehat{k}).(3\widehat{i}+4\widehat{j}-12\widehat{k})+13 \right |}{3\widehat{i}+4\widehat{j}-12\widehat{k}}$

$D_{2} = \frac{\left |-9-12+13 \right |}{\sqrt{3^2+4^2+(-12)^2}}$

$D_{2} = \frac{8}{13}$ .........................(2)

And it is given that the distance between the required plane and the points, $A(1,1,p)$ and $B(-3,0,1)$ is equal.

$\therefore D_{1} =D_{2}$

$\implies \frac{\left | 20-12p \right |}{13} =\frac{8}{13}$

therefore we have,

$\implies 12p =12$

or $p =1$ or $p = \frac{7}{3}$

Question:15 Find the equation of the plane passing through the line of intersection of the planes $\overrightarrow{r}.\left ( \widehat{i}+\widehat{j}+\widehat{k} \right )=1$ and $\overrightarrow{r}.\left (2 \widehat{i}+3\widehat{j}-\widehat{k} \right )+4=0$ and parallel to x-axis.

Answer:

So, the given planes are:

$\overrightarrow{r}.\left ( \widehat{i}+\widehat{j}+\widehat{k} \right )=1$ and $\overrightarrow{r}.\left (2 \widehat{i}+3\widehat{j}-\widehat{k} \right )+4=0$

The equation of any plane passing through the line of intersection of these planes is

$[\overrightarrow{r}.\left ( \widehat{i}+\widehat{j}+\widehat{k} \right )-1] + \lambda \left [ \overrightarrow{r}.\left (2 \widehat{i}+3\widehat{j}-\widehat{k} \right )+4\right ] = 0$

$\vec{r}.[(2\lambda+1)\widehat{i}+(3\lambda+1)\widehat{j}+(1-\lambda)\widehat{k}]+(4\lambda+1) = 0$ ..............(1)

Its direction ratios are $(2\lambda+1) , (3\lambda+1),$ and $(1-\lambda)$ = 0

The required plane is parallel to the x-axis.

Therefore, its normal is perpendicular to the x-axis.

The direction ratios of the x-axis are 1,0, and 0.

$\therefore \1.(2\lambda+1) + 0(\3\lambda+1)+0(1-\lambda) = 0$

$\implies 2\lambda+1 = 0$

$\implies \lambda = -\frac{1}{2}$

Substituting $\lambda = -\frac{1}{2}$ in equation (1), we obtain

$\implies \vec{r}.\left [ -\frac{1}{2}\widehat{j}+\frac{3}{2}\widehat{k} \right ]+(-3)= 0$

$\implies \vec{r}(\widehat{j}-3\widehat{k})+6= 0$

So, the Cartesian equation is $y -3z+6 = 0$

Question:16 If O be the origin and the coordinates of P be (1, 2, – 3), then find the equation of the plane passing through P and perpendicular to OP.

Answer:

We have the coordinates of the points $O(0,0,0)$ and $P(1,2,-3)$ respectively.

Therefore, the direction ratios of OP are $(1-0) = 1, (2-0)=2,\ and\ (-3-0)=-3$

And we know that the equation of the plane passing through the point $(x_{1},y_{1},z_{1})$ is

$a(x-x_{1})+b(y-y_{1})+c(z-z_{1})=0$ where a,b,c are the direction ratios of normal.

Here, the direction ratios of normal are $1,2,$ and $-3$ and the point P is $(1,2,-3)$ .

Thus, the equation of the required plane is

$1(x-1)+2(y-2)-3(z+3) = 0$

$\implies x+2y -3z-14 = 0$

Question:17 Find the equation of the plane which contains the line of intersection of the planes $\overrightarrow{r}.(\widehat{i}+2\widehat{j}+3\widehat{k})-4=0,\overrightarrow{r}.\left ( 2\widehat{i}+\widehat{j}-\widehat{k} \right )+5=0$ and which is perpendicular to the plane $\overrightarrow{r}.(5\widehat{i}+3\widehat{j}-6\widehat{k})+8=0$

Answer:

The equation of the plane passing through the line of intersection of the given plane in $\overrightarrow{r}.(\widehat{i}+2\widehat{j}+3\widehat{k})-4=0,\overrightarrow{r}.\left ( 2\widehat{i}+\widehat{j}-\widehat{k} \right )+5=0$

$\left [ \vec{r}.(\widehat{i}+2\widehat{j}+3\widehat{k})-4 \right ]+\lambda\left [ \vec{r}.\left ( 2\widehat{i}+\widehat{j}-\widehat{k} \right )+5 \right ] = 0$

$\vec{r}.[(2\lambda+1)\widehat{i}+(\lambda+2)\widehat{j}+(3-\lambda)\widehat{k}]+(5\lambda-4)= 0$ ,,,,,,,,,,,,,(1)

The plane in equation (1) is perpendicular to the plane, 1633928330199 Therefore $5(2\lambda+1)+3(\lambda+2) -6(3-\lambda) = 0$

$\implies 19\lambda -7 = 0$

$\implies \lambda = \frac{7}{19}$

Substituting $\lambda = \frac{7}{19}$ in equation (1), we obtain

$\implies \vec{r}.\left [ \frac{33}{19}\widehat{i}+\frac{45}{19}\widehat{j}+\frac{50}{19}\widehat{k} \right ] -\frac{41}{19} = 0$

$\implies \vec{r}.(33\widehat{i}+45\widehat{j}+50\widehat{k}) -41 = 0$ .......................(4)

So, this is the vector equation of the required plane.

The Cartesian equation of this plane can be obtained by substituting $\implies \vec{r}= (x\widehat{i}+y\widehat{j}+z\widehat{k})$ in equation (1).

$(x\widehat{i}+y\widehat{j}+z\widehat{k}).(33\widehat{i}+45\widehat{j}+50\widehat{k}) -41 = 0$

Therefore we get the answer $33x+45y+50z -41 = 0$

Question:18 Find the distance of the point (– 1, – 5, – 10) from the point of intersection of the line $\overrightarrow{r}=2\widehat{i}-\widehat{j}+2\widehat{k}+ \lambda\left ( 3\widehat{i}+4\widehat{j}+2\widehat{k} \right )$ and the plane $\overrightarrow{r}.\left ( \widehat{i}-\widehat{j}+\widehat{k} \right )=5$ .

Answer:

Given,

Equation of a line :

$\overrightarrow{r}=2\widehat{i}-\widehat{j}+2\widehat{k}+ \lambda\left ( 3\widehat{i}+4\widehat{j}+2\widehat{k} \right )$

Equation of the plane

$\overrightarrow{r}.\left ( \widehat{i}-\widehat{j}+\widehat{k} \right )=5$

Let's first find out the point of intersection of line and plane.

putting the value of $\vec r$ into the equation of a plane from the equation from line

$\left (2\widehat{i}-\widehat{j}+2\widehat{k}+ \lambda\left ( 3\widehat{i}+4\widehat{j}+2\widehat{k} \right ) \right )\cdot (\hat i-\hat j+\hat k)=5$

$(2+3\lambda)-(4\lambda -1)+(2+2\lambda)=5$

$\lambda+5=5$

$\lambda=0$

Now, from the equation, any point p in line is

$P=(2+3\lambda,4\lambda-1,2+2\lambda)$

So the point of intersection is

$P=(2+3*0,4*0-1,2+2*0)=(2,-1,2)$

SO, Now,

The distance between the points (-1,-5,-10) and (2,-1,2) is

$d=\sqrt{(2-(-1))^2+(-1-(-5))^2+(2-(-10))^2}=\sqrt{9+16+144}$

$d=\sqrt{169}=13$

Hence the required distance is 13.

Question:19 Find the vector equation of the line passing through (1, 2, 3) and parallel to the planes $\overrightarrow{r}.\left ( \widehat{i}-\widehat{j}+2\widehat{k} \right )=5$ and $\overrightarrow{r}.\left ( 3\widehat{i}+\widehat{j}+\widehat{k} \right )=6$ .

Answer:

Given

A point through which line passes

$\vec a=\hat i+2\hat j+3\hat k$

two plane

$\overrightarrow{r}.\left ( \widehat{i}-\widehat{j}+2\widehat{k} \right )=5$ And

$\overrightarrow{r}.\left ( 3\widehat{i}+\widehat{j}+\widehat{k} \right )=6$

it can be seen that normals of the planes are

$\vec n_1=\hat i-\hat j+2\hat k$

$\vec n_2=3\hat i+\hat j+\hat k$
since the line is parallel to both planes, its parallel vector will be perpendicular to normals of both planes.

So, a vector perpendicular to both these normal vector is

$\vec d=\vec n_1\times\vec n_2$

$\vec d=\begin{vmatrix} \hat i &\hat j & \hat k\\ 1 &-1 &2 \\ 3& 1 & 1 \end{vmatrix}=\hat i(-1-2)-\hat j(1-6)+\hat k(1+3)$

$\vec d=-3\hat i+5\hat j+4\hat k$

Now a line which passes through $\vec a$ and parallels to $\vec d$ is

$L=\vec a+\lambda\vec d$

So the required line is

$L=\vec a+\lambda\vec d$

$L=\hat i+2\hat j+3\hat k+\lambda(-3\hat i+5\hat j+4\hat k)$

$L=(1-3\lambda)\hat i+(2+5\lambda)\hat j+(3+4\lambda)\hat k$

Questio n: 20 Find the vector equation of the line passing through the point (1, 2, – 4) and perpendicular to the two lines:

$\frac{x-8}{3}=\frac{y+19}{-16}=\frac{z-10}{7}$ and $\frac{x-15}{3}=\frac{y-29}{8}=\frac{z-5}{-5}$

Answer:

Given

Two straight lines in 3D whose direction cosines (3,-16,7) and (3,8,-5)

Now the two vectors which are parallel to the two lines are

$\vec a= 3\hat i-16\hat j+7\hat k$ and

$\vec b= 3\hat i+8\hat j-5\hat k$

As we know, a vector perpendicular to both vectors $\vec a$ and $\vec b$ is $\vec a\times\vec b$ , so

$\vec a\times\vec b=\begin{vmatrix} \hat i &\hat j &\hat k \\ 3& -16 &7 \\ 3&8 &-5 \end{vmatrix}=\hat i(80-56)-\hat j(-15-21)+\hat k(24+48)$

$\vec a\times\vec b=24\hat i+36\hat j+72\hat k$

A vector parallel to this vector is

$\vec d=2\hat i+3\hat j+6\hat k$

Now as we know the vector equation of the line which passes through point p and parallel to vector d is

$L=\vec p+\lambda \vec d$

Here in our question, give point p = (1,2,-4) which means position vector of this point is

$\vec p = \hat i +2\hat j-4\hat k$

So, the required line is

$L=\vec p+\lambda \vec d$

$L=\hat i+2\hat j-4\hat k +\lambda (2\hat i+3\hat j+6\hat k)$

$L=(2\lambda +1)\hat i+(2+3\lambda)\hat j+(6\lambda-4)\hat k$

Question:21 Prove that if a plane has the intercepts a, b, c and is at a distance of p units from the origin, then $\frac{1}{a^{2}}+\frac{1}{b^{2}}+\frac{1}{c^{2}}=\frac{1}{p^{2}}$ .

Answer:

The equation of plane having a, b and c intercepts with x, y and z-axis respectively is given by
$\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}= 1$
The distance p of the plane from the origin is given by
$\\p = \left | \frac{\frac{0}{a}+\frac{0}{b}+\frac{0}{c}-1}{\sqrt{(\frac{1}{a})^2+(\frac{1}{b})^2(\frac{1}{c})^2}} \right |\\ \\ p = \left | \frac{-1}{\sqrt{(\frac{1}{a})^2+(\frac{1}{b})^2(\frac{1}{c})^2}} \right |\\ \\ \frac{1}{p^2}= \frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}$
Hence proved

Question:22 Distance between the two planes: 2x + 3y + 4z = 4 and 4x + 6y + 8z = 12 is

(A) 2 units (B) 4 units (C) 8 units (D) $\frac{2}{\sqrt{29}}unit$

Answer:

Given equations are
$2x+3y+4z= 4 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -(i)$
and
$4x+6y+8z= 12\\ 2(2x+3y+4z)= 12\\ 2x+3y+4z = 6 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -(ii)$
Now, it is clear from equation (i) and (ii) that given planes are parallel
We know that the distance between two parallel planes $ax+by +cz = d_1 \ and \ ax+by +cz = d_2$ is given by
$D= \left | \frac{d_2-d_1}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}} \right |$
Put the values in this equation
we will get,
$D= \left | \frac{6-4}{\sqrt{2^2+3^2+4^2}} \right |$
$D= \left | \frac{2}{\sqrt{4+9+16}} \right |= \left | \frac{2}{\sqrt{29}} \right |$
Therefore, the correct answer is (D)

Question:23 The planes: 2x – y + 4z = 5 and 5x – 2.5y + 10z = 6 are

(A) Perpendicular (B) Parallel (C) intersect y-axis (D) passes through $\left ( 0,0,\frac{5}{4} \right )$

Answer:

Given equations of planes are
$2x-y+4z=5 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -(i)$
and
$5x-2.5y+10z=6\\ 2.5(2x-y+4z)=6\\ 2x-y+4z= 2.4 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -(ii)$
Now, from equation (i) and (ii) it is clear that given planes are parallel to each other
$\because \frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{b_1}{b_2}=\frac{c_1}{c_2}\Rightarrow \frac{2}{2}= \frac{-1}{-1}=\frac{4}{4}\Rightarrow 1=1=1$
Therefore, the correct answer is (B)

Benefits of NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 11 Miscellaneous Exercise

To practise the complete chapter the miscellaneous exercise chapter 11 Class 12 is useful
To practice for the board exam the NCERT solutions for Class 12 Maths chapter 11 miscellaneous exercise is helpful.

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Key Features Of NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Chapter 11 Miscellaneous Exercise

Comprehensive Coverage: The solutions encompass all the topics covered in miscellaneous exercise class 12 chapter 11, ensuring a thorough understanding of the concepts.
Step-by-Step Solutions: In this class 12 chapter 11 maths miscellaneous solutions, each problem is solved systematically, providing a stepwise approach to aid in better comprehension for students.
Accuracy and Clarity: Solutions for class 12 maths miscellaneous exercise chapter 11 are presented accurately and concisely, using simple language to help students grasp the concepts easily.
Conceptual Clarity: In this class 12 maths ch 11 miscellaneous exercise solutions, emphasis is placed on conceptual clarity, providing explanations that assist students in understanding the underlying principles behind each problem.
Inclusive Approach: Solutions for class 12 chapter 11 miscellaneous exercise cater to different learning styles and abilities, ensuring that students of various levels can grasp the concepts effectively.
Relevance to Curriculum: The solutions for miscellaneous exercise class 12 chapter 11 align closely with the NCERT curriculum, ensuring that students are prepared in line with the prescribed syllabus.

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Frequently Asked Question (FAQs)

1. How many exercises are covered in the NCERT Class 12 chapter 3 dimensional geometry?

Total four exercises are covered in three-dimensional geometry.

2. Give a difference between one, two and three dimensions?

One dimension is represented by a single axis (say x-axis), in two dimensions we have two axes (say x and y-axis) and three-dimension in space is is represented by three axes (say x,y and z-axis)

3. How many questions are solved in the NCERT solutions for Class 12 Maths chapter 11 miscellaneous exercise?

23 questions are solved in the miscellaneous exercise of class 12 chapter

4. How many exercises are solved before miscellaneous?

Three exercises are solved before miscellaneous exercise of Cass 12 Maths chapter three dimensional geometry

5. What is the importance of the NCERT syllabus?

NCERT syllabus is required for the preparation of CBSE board exams and some of the state board exams like Kerala state board. Also, NCERT is considered as the bible for the preparation of NEET exams (physics, chemistry and biology). Also, the NCERT syllabus is helpful for JEE main exam (Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics)

6. Why do we solve NCERT Class 12 chapter 11 exercises?

To practice the concepts covered in the chapter.

7. What is the importance of miscellaneous exercises?

Miscellaneous exercises give a good variety of problems covering the entire chapter.

8. Can we expect questions from miscellaneous exercises for board exams?

Yes, sometimes the type of questions discussed in miscellaneous exercises are asked for both board exams and competitive exams as well.

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Questions related to CBSE Class 12th

Have a question related to CBSE Class 12th ?

I am interested in graphic designing and coding. how do I make a career .which stream should I go.what engineering subject to take

Hello aspirant,

The purpose of graphic design extends beyond the brand's look. Nevertheless, by conveying what the brand stands for, it significantly aids in the development of a sense of understanding between a company and its audience. The future in the field of graphic designing is very promising.

There are various courses available for graphic designing. To know more information about these courses and much more details, you can visit our website by clicking on the link given below.

https://www.careers360.com/courses/graphic-designing-course

Thank you

Hope this information helps you.

Read Complete Answer

Sajal Trivedi 29 January,2024

i couldn't clear 1st compartment (which held in August 2022) cbse class 12th so can I give improvement in all subjects which to be held on March 2023. tell me a solution i need more than 75% in class 12th

hello,

Yes you can appear for the compartment paper again since CBSE gives three chances to a candidate to clear his/her exams so you still have two more attempts. However, you can appear for your improvement paper for all subjects but you cannot appear for the ones in which you have failed.

I hope this was helpful!

Good Luck

Read Complete Answer

Upasana Barman 24 August,2022

i was not able to clear 1st compartment and now I have to give 2nd compartment so can I give improvement exam next year? plz tell me very much tensed(cbse class 12th)

Hello dear,

If you was not able to clear 1st compartment and now you giving second compartment so YES, you can go for your improvement exam next year but if a student receives an improvement, they are given the opportunity to retake the boards as a private candidate the following year, but there are some requirements. First, the student must pass all of their subjects; if they received a compartment in any subject, they must then pass the compartment exam before being eligible for the improvement.

As you can registered yourself as private candidate for giving your improvement exam of 12 standard CBSE(Central Board of Secondary Education).For that you have to wait for a whole year which is bit difficult for you.

Positive side of waiting for whole year is you have a whole year to preparing yourself for your examination. You have no distraction or something which may causes your failure in the exams. In whole year you have to stay focused on your 12 standard examination for doing well in it. By this you get a highest marks as a comparison of others.

Believe in Yourself! You can make anything happen

All the very best.

Read Complete Answer

Mayankjha.student2007 23 August,2022

if i am giving improvement in one subject this year, will i be able to give improvement in more subjects next year?

Hello Student,

I appreciate your Interest in education. See the improvement is not restricted to one subject or multiple subjects and we cannot say if improvement in one subject in one year leads to improvement in more subjects in coming year.

You just need to have a revision of all subjects what you have completed in the school. have a revision and practice of subjects and concepts helps you better.

All the best.

Read Complete Answer

Nuthalapati Vyshnavi 21 August,2022

I got an RT for 2 subjects, so do I have to give exams for all the subjects in the coming year or just the 2. pls help me

Hi,

You just need to give the exams for the concerned two subjects in which you have got RT. There is no need to give exam for all of your subjects, you can just fill the form for the two subjects only.

Read Complete Answer

Muskan Dhalwal 17 August,2022

View All

Popular CBSE Class 12th Questions

A block of mass 0.50 kg is moving with a speed of 2.00 ms^-1 on a smooth surface. It strikes another mass of 1.00 kg and then they move together as a single body. The energy loss during the collision is

Option 1) $0.34\; J$	Option 2) $0.16\; J$
Option 3) $1.00\; J$	Option 4) $0.67\; J$

A person trying to lose weight by burning fat lifts a mass of 10 kg upto a height of 1 m 1000 times. Assume that the potential energy lost each time he lowers the mass is dissipated. How much fat will he use up considering the work done only when the weight is lifted up ? Fat supplies 3.8×10⁷J of energy per kg which is converted to mechanical energy with a 20% efficiency rate. Take g = 9.8 ms⁻² :

Option 1)

2.45×10⁻³ kg

Option 2)

6.45×10⁻³ kg

Option 3)

9.89×10⁻³ kg

Option 4)

12.89×10⁻³ kg

An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated to be in the range

Option 1) $2,000 \; J - 5,000\; J$	Option 2) $200 \, \, J - 500 \, \, J$
Option 3) $2\times 10^{5}J-3\times 10^{5}J$	Option 4) $20,000 \, \, J - 50,000 \, \, J$

A particle is projected at 60⁰ to the horizontal with a kinetic energy $K$ . The kinetic energy at the highest point

Option 1) $K/2\,$	Option 2) $\; K\;$
Option 3) $zero\;$	Option 4) $K/4$

In the reaction,

$2Al_{(s)}+6HCL_{(aq)}\rightarrow 2Al^{3+}\, _{(aq)}+6Cl^{-}\, _{(aq)}+3H_{2(g)}$

Option 1) $11.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}$ at STP is produced for every mole $HCL_{(aq)}$ consumed	Option 2) $6L\, HCl_{(aq)}$ is consumed for ever $3L\, H_{2(g)}$ produced
Option 3) $33.6 L\, H_{2(g)}$ is produced regardless of temperature and pressure for every mole Al that reacts	Option 4) $67.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}$ at STP is produced for every mole Al that reacts .

How many moles of magnesium phosphate, $Mg_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$ will contain 0.25 mole of oxygen atoms?

Option 1) 0.02	Option 2) 3.125 × 10^-2
Option 3) 1.25 × 10^-2	Option 4) 2.5 × 10^-2

If we consider that 1/6, in place of 1/12, mass of carbon atom is taken to be the relative atomic mass unit, the mass of one mole of a substance will

Option 1) decrease twice	Option 2) increase two fold
Option 3) remain unchanged	Option 4) be a function of the molecular mass of the substance.

With increase of temperature, which of these changes?

Option 1) Molality	Option 2) Weight fraction of solute
Option 3) Fraction of solute present in water	Option 4) Mole fraction.

Number of atoms in 558.5 gram Fe (at. wt.of Fe = 55.85 g mol^-1) is

Option 1) twice that in 60 g carbon	Option 2) 6.023 × 10²²
Option 3) half that in 8 g He	Option 4) 558.5 × 6.023 × 10²³

A pulley of radius 2 m is rotated about its axis by a force F = (20t - 5t²) newton (where t is measured in seconds) applied tangentially. If the moment of inertia of the pulley about its axis of rotation is 10 kg m² , the number of rotations made by the pulley before its direction of motion if reversed, is

Option 1) less than 3	Option 2) more than 3 but less than 6
Option 3) more than 6 but less than 9	Option 4) more than 9

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