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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 14 Semiconductor Electronics Materials Devices And Simple Circuit - This chapter is one of the most important chapter in Class 12 Physics. Students preparing for the upcoming board examination must refer to the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 14 Semiconductor Electronics Materials Devices And Simple Circuit. These NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 14 comprise of the solutions to the questions aksed in the NCERT books for Class 12 Physics.The Semiconductor Class 12 solutions are given in an easy-to-understand language. These NCERT Solutions will be beneficial for academics as well as competitive examinations.
Semiconductor Electronics is one of the important topics that comes under the Unit Modern Physics of Class 12. Semiconductor Class 12 discuss the basics of semiconductors electronics and devices like diode, rectifiers and transistors. Students can use the following materials along with the Semiconductor NCERT solutions. The NCERT Solutions for Class 12 contain solutions provided by subject matter experts, and students can use these solutions to prepare for their board exams or another competitive exam like JEE or NEET.
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Free download chapter 14 physics class 12 ncert solutions pdf for CBSE exam.
Q. 14.1 In an n-type silicon, which of the following statement is true:
(a) Electrons are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants.
(b) Electrons are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants.
(c) Holes are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants.
(d) Holes are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants.
Answer:
An N-type semiconductor has electron as majority carriers and holes as minority carriers. It is formed when we dope pentavalent impurity in Silicon atom. Some pentavalent dopants are phosphorus, arsenic, and bismuth.
Hence the correct option is C.
Q. 14.2 Which of the statements given in Exercise 14.1 is true for p-type semiconductors.
(a) Electrons are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants.
(b) Electrons are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants.
(c) Holes are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants.
(d) Holes are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants
Answer:
In a p-type semiconductor, holes are the majority carrier and electrons are the minority carrier. It is formed when a trivalent atom-like aluminium is doped in a silicon atom. Hence correct option for p-type conductor would be (d).
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer:
Since carbon is a non-metal, its energy band gap would be highest and energy band gap of Ge would be least as it is a metalloid.
Hence correct option would be (c)
Q14.4 In an unbiased p-n junction, holes diffuse from the p-region to n-region beca
(a) free electrons in the n-region attract them
(b) they move across the junction by the potential difference.
(c) hole concentration in p-region is more as compared to n-region.
d) All the above
Answer:
Charge flows from higher concentration to the lower concentration in a junction. In this case, holes are diffusing from the p-region to n-region and hence the concentration of hole is greater in p region.
and hence correct option would be (c)
Q. 14.5 When a forward bias is applied to a p-n junction, it
(a) raises the potential barrier
(b) reduces the majority carrier current to zero.
(c) lowers the potential barrier.
(d) none of the above.
Answer:
When a p-n junction is forward biased, the negative voltage repels the electron toward junction and give them the energy to cross the junction and combine with the hole which is also being pushed by a positive voltage. This leads to a reduction in the depletion layer which means a reduction in potential barrier across the junction.
Hence correct option would be (c)
Answer:
As we know :
output frequency for half-wave rectifier = input frequency, and hence output frequency in half-wave rectifier will be 50Hz.
also, output frequency for full-wave rectifier = 2*(input frequency) and Hence output frequency in full-wave rectifier will be 2*50 = 100 Hz.
Q. 14.7 A p-n photodiode is fabricated from a semiconductor with bandgap of Can it detect a wavelength of
Answer:
Given
the energy band gap of photodiode is 2.8eV.
wavelength = = 6000nm =
The energy of signal will be
where c is speed of light(300000000m/s) , h is planks constant ( = )
putting the corresponding value
The energy of signal =
=
=
The energy of the signal is 0.207eV which is less than 2.8eV ( the energy and gap of photodiode). Hence signal can not be detected by the photodiode.
Answer:
Given:
number of Silicon atoms per =
number of Arsenic atoms per =
number of Indium atoms per =
number of thermally generated electrons
Now,
Number of electrons
=
number of holes is
in thermal equilibrium
Now, since the number of electrons is higher than number of holes, it is an n-type semiconductor.
Where, is constant.
Answer:
Energy gap of given intrinsic semiconductor = E g = 1.2eV
temperature dependence of intrinsic carrier concentration is given by
Where is constant, is Boltzmann constant = ,
T is temperature
Initial temperature = T1 = 300K
the intrinsic carrier concentration at this temperature :
Final temperature = T2 = 600K
the intrinsic carrier concentration at this temperature :
the ratio between the conductivities at 300K and at 600K is equal to the ratio of their intrinsic carrier concentration at these temperatures
Therefore the ratio between the conductivities is .
Q. 14.10 (a) In a p-n junction diode, the current I can be expressed as
where is called the reverse saturation current, V is the voltage across the diode and is positive for forward bias and negative for reverse bias, and is the current through the diode, is the Boltzmann constant and is the absolute temperature. If for a given diode and then
(a) What will be the forward current at a forward voltage of
Answer:
As we have
Here, , and , = Boltzmann constant =
When the forward voltage is 0.6V:
Hence forward current is 0.0625A
Q.14.10 (b) In a p-n junction diode, the current I can be expressed as
where I0 is called the reverse saturation current, is the voltage across the diode and is positive for forward bias and negative for reverse bias, and is the current through the diode, is the Boltzmann constant and is the absolute temperature. If for a given diode and then
(b) What will be the increase in the current if the voltage across the diode is increased to
Answer:
As we have
Here, , and , = Boltzmann constant =
When the forward voltage is 0.7V:
When the forward voltage is 0.6V:
Hence the increase in the forward current is
Q. 14.10 (c) In a p-n junction diode, the current I can be expressed as
where is called the reverse saturation current, is the voltage across the diode and is positive for forward bias and negative for reverse bias, and is the current through the diode, is the Boltzmann constant and is the absolute temperature. If for a given diode and then
(c) What is the dynamic resistance?
Answer:
Dynamic Resistance =
Resistance change = 0.7 - 0.6 = 0.1
Current change = 2.967(calculated in prev question)
Therefore
,
Q.14.10 (d) In a p-n junction diode, the current I can be expressed as
where is called the reverse saturation current, is the voltage across the diode and is positive for forward bias and negative for reverse bias, and is the current through the diode, is the Boltzmann constant and is the absolute temperature. If for a given diode and then
(d) What will be the current if reverse bias voltage changes from 1 V to 2 V?
Answer:
As we have
Here, , and , = Boltzmann constant =
When reverse voltage is 1V, V= -1
When the reverse voltage is -2V:
In both case current is very small and approximately equal to the reverse saturation current, hence their difference is negligible which causes dynamic resistance of infinity.
Q. 14.11 (a) You are given the two circuits as shown in Fig. 14.36. Show that circuit
(a) acts as OR gate while the circuit
Fig. 14.36
Answer:
Here, THE Input = A and B
Output = Y
The left part of the figure acts as a NOR and right part acts as NOT Gate.
The output of NOR gate =
the output of the NOR gate would be the input of NOT Gate and hence
Y = =
Hence the figure functions like an OR Gate.
or compare the truth table by giving different input and observing the output
INPUTS | OUTPUT |
---|---|
A B | Y |
0 0 | 0 |
0 1 | 1 |
1 0 | 1 |
1 1 | 1 |
Q. 14.11 (b) You are given the two circuits as shown in Fig. 14.36. Show that circuit
Answer:
The output of NOT gate ( left part of the circuit) is the input of the NOR gate
Hence the output of total circuit Y =
=
=
Hence the circuit functions as AND gate.
or give the inputs 00,01,10,11 and observe the truth table
INPUTS | OUTPUT |
---|---|
A B | Y |
0 0 | 0 |
0 1 | 0 |
1 0 | 0 |
1 1 | 1 |
The truth table is the same as that of AND gate
Q. 14.12 Write the truth table for a NAND gate connected as given in Fig. 14.37
Hence identify the exact logic operation carried out by this circuit.
Answer:
Here A is both input of the NAND gate and hence Output Y will be
Hence circuit functions as a NOT gate.
The truth table for the given figure:
Input | Output |
A | Y |
0 | 1 |
1 | 0 |
Answer:
a)
A and B are inputs of a NAND gate and output of this gate is the input of another NAND gate so,
Y =
Y=
Y=
Hence this circuit functions as AND gate.
b)
A is input to the NAND gate output of whose goes to the rightmost NAND gate. Also, B is input to the NAND gate whose output goes to the rightmost NAND gate.
Y =
Y = +
Y = A + B
Hence the circuit functions as an OR gate .
Alternative method
fig. a
construct the truth table by giving various input and observe the output
INPUT | INTERMEDIATE OUTPUT | OUTPUT |
00 | 1 | 0 |
01 | 1 | 0 |
10 | 1 | 0 |
11 | 0 | 1 |
The above truth table is the same as that of an AND gate
fig. b
INPUTS | OUTPUT |
00 | 0 |
01 | 1 |
10 | 1 |
11 | 1 |
The above truth table is the same as that of an OR gate
(Hint: then and inputs of second NOR gate will be and hence Similarly work out the values of for other combinations of and Compare with the truth table of OR, AND, NOT gates and find the correct one.)
Answer:
A and B are the input od a NOR gate and Output of this NOR gate is the Input of Another NOR gate whose Output is Y. Hence,
Y =
Y = .
Y = A + B
Hence Circuit behaves as OR gate.
Truth table
INPUTS | OUTPUT |
00 | 0 |
01 | 1 |
10 | 1 |
11 | 1 |
Figure 14.40
Answer:
a)
A is the two input of the NOR gate and Hence Output Y is:
Y =
Y =
Hence circuit functions as a NOT gate.
TRUTH TABLE:
INPUT | OUTPUT |
0 | 1 |
1 | 0 |
b) A is the two input of a NOR gate whose output(which is ) is the one input of another NOR gate. B is the two input of NOR gate whose output (which is ) is the input of another NOR gate. Hence,
Y =
Y = .
Y = A.B
Hence it functions as AND gate.
TRUTH TABLE:
INPUTS | OUTPUT |
00 | 0 |
01 | 0 |
10 | 0 |
11 | 1 |
Semiconductors ncert solutions holds significant importance for students preparing for board exams, as well as competitive ones like JEE and NEET. Its relevance lies in the practical applications of semiconductor devices in modern technology. Scoring in this ncert solutions class 12 physics chapter 14 can be relatively manageable, provided students have a solid grasp of semiconductor concepts. Therefore, mastering this chapter not only ensures success in board exams but also aids in tackling competitive exams with confidence, making it a valuable part of the syllabus.
Intrinsic Semiconductors: ne=ni=nn
Where:
ne represents the free electron density in the conduction band of a semiconductor, ni stands for the intrinsic carrier concentration and nn represents the hole density in the valence band of a semiconductor.
Extrinsic Semiconductors:
N-type: ne≅ Nd>nn
P- type: nn ≅ Nd>ne
Where: Nd is the number density
Mobility
=Vd/E
Where: Vd = the drift velocity and E is the electric field
Action of Transistor
IE=IC+IB
Where:
IE is the emitter current, IC is the collector current and IB is the base current
Some of the important topic of ncert solutions of chapter 14 physics class 12 are listed below:
As far as the CBSE board exam is considered you can expect more theoretical questions from Class 12 Physics Chapter 14 NCERT solutions.
With the help of NCERT solutions for class 12 physics chapter 14 semiconductor electronics materials devices and simple circuits, you can prepare well and it is easy to score in this chapter.
NCERT Solutions for class 12 help in preparations of exams like NEET and JEE Mains. For NEET exams one or two questions and for JEE Mains one question is expected from this chapter
Go through the NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Physics first. Therein, check all the important topics and subtopics.
Try to solve all the questions by your own first. Afterwards check the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 14 Semiconductor Electronics Materials Devices And Simple Circuit.
Along with the NCERT solutions, also practice from the CBSE previous year question papers and sample papers to score well in the examination.
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 14 PDF Download will also be available soon.
Comprehensive Coverage: These semiconductors ncert solutions encompass all the topics and questions found in Chapter 14, ensuring a thorough understanding of semiconductors and electronic devices.
Detailed Explanations: Each solution offers comprehensive, step-by-step explanations, making complex semiconductor concepts accessible to students.
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Practice Questions: Exercise questions are included for practice and self-assessment, enhancing students' problem-solving skills.
Exam Preparation: These ncert solutions class 12 physics chapter 14 are essential for board exam preparation and provide valuable support for competitive exams.
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1 or maximum 2 questions can be expected for JEE Main from NCERT chapter Semiconductor electronics. The questions may be from any topics of either analog electronics or digital electronics(Logic Gates). Cover the topics from JEE Main syllabus to get good score. Students should practice enough questions to crack an exam like JEE Main or NEET. To pratice students can refer to NCERT questions, NCERT Exemplar questions and JEE Main previous year papers.
Two or three questions can be expected from the chapter. Questions from both analogue and digital electronics part can be expected.
Yes, this chapter is the basics for higher studies in electronics-related branches and for VLSI and Nano Technology.
Mostly theoretical questions are asked from the chapter semiconductor electronics for board exams. These covers mainly the analog electronics part that has topics like diode and its working, intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, how pn junction is formed, concepts of rectifiers, photo diodes, leds and solar cells etc.
According to semiconductor electronics class 12 Intrinsic semiconductors are pure semiconductors such as pure silicon or germanium, with a small number of free electrons and holes, and low electrical conductivity. Extrinsic semiconductors are doped with impurities, increasing the number of free electrons or holes, which increases its electrical conductivity. Extrinsic semiconductors are further divided into p-type and n-type, depending on the type of impurity added.
hello,
Yes you can appear for the compartment paper again since CBSE gives three chances to a candidate to clear his/her exams so you still have two more attempts. However, you can appear for your improvement paper for all subjects but you cannot appear for the ones in which you have failed.
I hope this was helpful!
Good Luck
Hello dear,
If you was not able to clear 1st compartment and now you giving second compartment so YES, you can go for your improvement exam next year but if a student receives an improvement, they are given the opportunity to retake the boards as a private candidate the following year, but there are some requirements. First, the student must pass all of their subjects; if they received a compartment in any subject, they must then pass the compartment exam before being eligible for the improvement.
As you can registered yourself as private candidate for giving your improvement exam of 12 standard CBSE(Central Board of Secondary Education).For that you have to wait for a whole year which is bit difficult for you.
Positive side of waiting for whole year is you have a whole year to preparing yourself for your examination. You have no distraction or something which may causes your failure in the exams. In whole year you have to stay focused on your 12 standard examination for doing well in it. By this you get a highest marks as a comparison of others.
Believe in Yourself! You can make anything happen
All the very best.
Hello Student,
I appreciate your Interest in education. See the improvement is not restricted to one subject or multiple subjects and we cannot say if improvement in one subject in one year leads to improvement in more subjects in coming year.
You just need to have a revision of all subjects what you have completed in the school. have a revision and practice of subjects and concepts helps you better.
All the best.
If you'll do hard work then by hard work of 6 months you can achieve your goal but you have to start studying for it dont waste your time its a very important year so please dont waste it otherwise you'll regret.
Yes, you can take admission in class 12th privately there are many colleges in which you can give 12th privately.
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In a career as a copywriter, one has to consult with the client and understand the brief well. A career as a copywriter has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. Several new mediums of advertising are opening therefore making it a lucrative career choice. Students can pursue various copywriter courses such as Journalism, Advertising, Marketing Management. Here, we have discussed how to become a freelance copywriter, copywriter career path, how to become a copywriter in India, and copywriting career outlook.
Careers in journalism are filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. One cannot afford to miss out on the details. As it is the small details that provide insights into a story. Depending on those insights a journalist goes about writing a news article. A journalism career can be stressful at times but if you are someone who is passionate about it then it is the right choice for you. If you want to know more about the media field and journalist career then continue reading this article.
For publishing books, newspapers, magazines and digital material, editorial and commercial strategies are set by publishers. Individuals in publishing career paths make choices about the markets their businesses will reach and the type of content that their audience will be served. Individuals in book publisher careers collaborate with editorial staff, designers, authors, and freelance contributors who develop and manage the creation of content.
In a career as a vlogger, one generally works for himself or herself. However, once an individual has gained viewership there are several brands and companies that approach them for paid collaboration. It is one of those fields where an individual can earn well while following his or her passion.
Ever since internet costs got reduced the viewership for these types of content has increased on a large scale. Therefore, a career as a vlogger has a lot to offer. If you want to know more about the Vlogger eligibility, roles and responsibilities then continue reading the article.
Individuals in the editor career path is an unsung hero of the news industry who polishes the language of the news stories provided by stringers, reporters, copywriters and content writers and also news agencies. Individuals who opt for a career as an editor make it more persuasive, concise and clear for readers. In this article, we will discuss the details of the editor's career path such as how to become an editor in India, editor salary in India and editor skills and qualities.
Linguistic meaning is related to language or Linguistics which is the study of languages. A career as a linguistic meaning, a profession that is based on the scientific study of language, and it's a very broad field with many specialities. Famous linguists work in academia, researching and teaching different areas of language, such as phonetics (sounds), syntax (word order) and semantics (meaning).
Other researchers focus on specialities like computational linguistics, which seeks to better match human and computer language capacities, or applied linguistics, which is concerned with improving language education. Still, others work as language experts for the government, advertising companies, dictionary publishers and various other private enterprises. Some might work from home as freelance linguists. Philologist, phonologist, and dialectician are some of Linguist synonym. Linguists can study French, German, Italian.
The career of a travel journalist is full of passion, excitement and responsibility. Journalism as a career could be challenging at times, but if you're someone who has been genuinely enthusiastic about all this, then it is the best decision for you. Travel journalism jobs are all about insightful, artfully written, informative narratives designed to cover the travel industry. Travel Journalist is someone who explores, gathers and presents information as a news article.
Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues.
A quality controller plays a crucial role in an organisation. He or she is responsible for performing quality checks on manufactured products. He or she identifies the defects in a product and rejects the product.
A quality controller records detailed information about products with defects and sends it to the supervisor or plant manager to take necessary actions to improve the production process.
A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.
A QA Lead is in charge of the QA Team. The role of QA Lead comes with the responsibility of assessing services and products in order to determine that he or she meets the quality standards. He or she develops, implements and manages test plans.
A metallurgical engineer is a professional who studies and produces materials that bring power to our world. He or she extracts metals from ores and rocks and transforms them into alloys, high-purity metals and other materials used in developing infrastructure, transportation and healthcare equipment.
An Azure Administrator is a professional responsible for implementing, monitoring, and maintaining Azure Solutions. He or she manages cloud infrastructure service instances and various cloud servers as well as sets up public and private cloud systems.
An AWS Solution Architect is someone who specializes in developing and implementing cloud computing systems. He or she has a good understanding of the various aspects of cloud computing and can confidently deploy and manage their systems. He or she troubleshoots the issues and evaluates the risk from the third party.
Careers in computer programming primarily refer to the systematic act of writing code and moreover include wider computer science areas. The word 'programmer' or 'coder' has entered into practice with the growing number of newly self-taught tech enthusiasts. Computer programming careers involve the use of designs created by software developers and engineers and transforming them into commands that can be implemented by computers. These commands result in regular usage of social media sites, word-processing applications and browsers.
A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.
Individuals in the information security manager career path involves in overseeing and controlling all aspects of computer security. The IT security manager job description includes planning and carrying out security measures to protect the business data and information from corruption, theft, unauthorised access, and deliberate attack
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