NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 2 Relations And Functions

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If students are stuck while solving the NCERT syllabus problems, they can take help from these NCERT solutions. NCERT solutions are provided in a very simple which average students can understand and will get new ways to solve the problems.

Q: What are important topics of the chapter Relations And Functions?

Basic definitions of relations and functions, Cartesian products of sets, and domain and range of the functions are the important topic of this chapter. you can practice them to get maximum benifit.

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NCERT official is the official website of the NCERT where you can get NCERT textbooks and syllabus from class 1 to 12.

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No, CBSE doesn’t provided NCERT solutions for any class or subject.

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Here you will get the detailed NCERT solutions for class 11 maths by clicking on the link.

Q: How many chapters are there in the CBSE class 11 maths ?

There are 16 chapters from sets to probability in the NCERT Class 11 Maths.

Edited By Ravindra Pindel | Updated on Jun 24, 2022 - 1:16 p.m. IST

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 2 Relations And Functions: In the previous chapter you have learned about sets. This Class 11 NCERT book chapter relation and function class 11 is the continuation of chapter 1 sets. In this article, you will get NCERT solutions for class 11 maths chapter 2 relations and functions. You have many relations in your daily life, like father-son, mother-son, etc. In a similar way, you can form relations in mathematics also. When there is only one output for every input, the relation becomes a function. Important topics like domain, co-domain, and range of functions are covered in this chapter relation and function class 11.

In NCERT solutions for class 11 maths chapter 2 relations and functions, questions related to these topics are covered. Also, you will learn different types of specific real-valued functions and their graphs in ch 2 maths class 11. NCERT solutions for class 11 maths chapter 2 relations and functions will build your fundamentals of functions which will be helpful in the 12th board exam also. Check all NCERT solutions from class 6 to 12 to learn science and maths. Here you will get NCERT solutions for class 11 also.

A={1,2,3,4,5}, B={2,6,12,20,30}, we can find a relation from A to B by inspection. That is set B is related to set A by the relation $\mathbf{(x,y):y=x^2+x}$ and this is one possible relation from set A to set B

The NCERT solutions for class 11 maths chapter 2 relations and functions start with cartesian products of sets. The main points to remember in these topics are:

1. Cartesian products two sets A and B are set of all ordered pair of the elements from A and B, for example, A={1,2,3}, B= {2,3} then

$A\times B=(1,2),(1,3),(2,2),(2,3),(3,2),(3,3)$

2. If set A contains n elements and set B contains m elements then Cartesian Products A and B contains mn elements.

3. Two ordered pairs are equal if corresponding first and second elements are equal. That is if (a,b) =(c,d) then a=c and b=d

Also read:

Relation And Function Class 11 NCERT-Exercise: 2.1

Question:1 If $\left ( \frac{x}{3}+1 , y - \frac{2}{3} \right ) = \left ( \frac{5}{3},\frac{1}{3} \right )$ , find the values of x and y.

Answer:

It is given that
$\left ( \frac{x}{3}+1 , y - \frac{2}{3} \right ) = \left ( \frac{5}{3},\frac{1}{3} \right )$
Since the ordered pairs are equal, the corresponding elements will also be equal
Therefore,
$\frac{x}{3}+1= \frac{5}{3} \ \ \ and \ \ \ y - \frac{2}{3}= \frac{1}{3}$
$\frac{x}{3}= \frac{5}{3}-1 \ \ \ and \ \ \ y = \frac{1}{3}+ \frac{2}{3}$
$\frac{x}{3}= \frac{5-3}{3} \ \ \ and \ \ \ y = \frac{1+2}{3}$
$\frac{x}{3}= \frac{2}{3} \ \ \ and \ \ \ y = \frac{3}{3}$
$x= 2 \ \ \ and \ \ \ y = 1$

Therefore, values of x and y are 2 and 1 respectively

Question:2 If the set A has 3 elements and the set B = {3, 4, 5}, then find the number of elements in $( A \times B )$ .

Answer:

It is given that set A has 3 elements and the elements in set B are 3 , 4 , and 5
Therefore, the number of elements in set B is 3
Now,
Number of elements in $(A \times B)$
= ( Number of elements in set A ) $\times$ ( Number of elements in set B)
= 3 $\times$ 3
= 9
Therefore, number of elements in $(A \times B)$ is 9

Question:3 If G = {7, 8} and H = {5, 4, 2}, find $G \times H \: \: and \: \: H \times G$

Answer:

It is given that
G = {7, 8} and H = {5, 4, 2}
We know that the cartesian product of two non-empty sets P and Q is defined as
P $\times$ Q = {(p,q) , where p $\epsilon$ P , q $\epsilon$ Q }
Therefore,
G $\times$ H = {(7,5),(7,4),(7,2),(8,5),(8,4),(8,2)}
And
H $\times$ G = {(5,7),(5,8),(4,7),(4,8),(2,7),(2,8)}

Question:4 (i) State whether each of the following statements are true or false. If the statement is false, rewrite the given statement correctly. If P = {m, n} and Q = { n, m}, then $P \times Q$ = {(m, n),(n, m)}.

Answer:

FALSE
If P = {m, n} and Q = { n, m}
Then,
$P \times Q = \left \{ (m,m),(m,n),(n,m),(n,n) \right \}$

Question:4(ii) State whether each of the following statements are true or false. If the statement is false, rewrite the given statement correctly. If A and B are non-empty sets, then A × B is a non-empty set of ordered pairs (x, y) such that $x \epsilon A$ and $y \epsilon B$

Answer:

It is a TRUE statement

$\because$ If A and B are non-empty sets, then A × B is a non-empty set of ordered pairs (x, y) such that $x \epsilon A$ and $y \epsilon B$

Question:4 (iii) State whether each of the following statements are true or false. If the statement is false, rewrite the given statement correctly. If A = {1, 2}, B = {3, 4}, then $A \times (B \cap \phi ) = \phi$

Answer:

This statement is TRUE

$\because$ If A = {1, 2}, B = {3, 4}, then

$B\cap\phi=\phi$

There for

$A \times (B \cap \phi ) = \phi$

Question:5 If A = {–1, 1}, find $A \times A \times A$

Answer:

It is given that
A = {–1, 1}
A is an non-empty set
Therefore,
Lets first find $A \times A$
$A \times A = \left \{ -1,1 \right \} \times \left \{ -1,1 \right \} = \left \{ (-1,-1),(-1,1),(1,-1),(1,1) \right \}$
Now,
$A\times A \times A=A\times (A \times A) = \left \{ -1,1 \right \} \times \left \{ (-1,-1),(-1,1),(1,-1),(1,1) \right \}$ $=\left \{ (-1,-1,-1),(-1,-1,1),(-1,1,-1),(-1,1,1),(1,-1,-1),(1,-1,1),(1,1,-1),(1,1,1) \right \}$

Question:6 If $A \times B$ = {(a, x),(a , y), (b, x), (b, y)}. Find A and B.

Answer:

It is given that
$A \times B$ = {(a, x),(a , y), (b, x), (b, y)}
We know that the cartesian product of two non-empty set P and Q is defined as

$P \times Q = \left \{ (p,q) : p \ \epsilon \ P , q \ \epsilon \ Q \right \}$
Now, we know that A is the set of all first elements and B is the set of all second elements
Therefore,
$A= \left \{ a,b \right \} \ \ \ and \ \ \ B = \left \{ x , y \right \}$

Question:7 (i) Let A = {1, 2}, B = {1, 2, 3, 4}, C = {5, 6} and D = {5, 6, 7, 8}. Verify that $A \times ( B \cap C ) = ( A \times B ) \cap ( A \times C )$ .

Answer:

It is given that
A = {1, 2}, B = {1, 2, 3, 4}, C = {5, 6} and D = {5, 6, 7, 8}
Now,
$B \cap C = \left \{ 1,2,3,4 \right \} \cap \left \{ 5,6 \right \} = \Phi$
Now,
$A \times ( B \cap C ) = A \times \phi = \phi \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -(i)$

$A \times B = \left \{ (1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(2,4) \right \}$
And
$A \times C = \left \{ (1,5),(1,6),(2,5),(2,6) \right \}$
Now,
$(A \times B)\cap (A \times C) =\phi \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -(ii)$
From equation (i) and (ii) it is clear that
$L.H.S. = R.H.S.$
Hence,
$A \times ( B \cap C ) = ( A \times B ) \cap ( A \times C )$

Question:7 (ii) Let A = {1, 2}, B = {1, 2, 3, 4}, C = {5, 6} and D = {5, 6, 7, 8}. Verify that $A \times C$ is a subset of $B \times D$

Answer:

It is given that
A = {1, 2}, B = {1, 2, 3, 4}, C = {5, 6} and D = {5, 6, 7, 8}
Now,

$A \times C = \left \{ (1,5),(1,6),(2,5),(2,6) \right \}$
And
$B \times D = \left \{ (1,5),(1,6),(1,7),(1,8),(2,5),(2,6),(2,7),(2,8),(3,5),(3,6),(3,7),(3,8),(4,5),(4,6),(4,7),(4,8) \right \}$
We can clearly observe that all the elements of the set $A \times C$ are the elements of the set $B \times D$
Therefore, $A \times C$ is a subset of $B \times D$

Question:8 Let A = {1, 2} and B = {3, 4}. Write $A \times B$ . How many subsets will $A \times B$ have?
List them.

Answer:

It is given that
A = {1, 2} and B = {3, 4}
Then,
$A \times B = \left \{ (1,3),(1,4),(2,3),(2,4) \right \}$
$\Rightarrow n\left ( A \times B \right ) = 4$
Now, we know that if C is a set with $n(C) = m$
Then,
$n[P(C)]= 2^m$
Therefore,
The set $A \times B$ has $2^4=16$ subsets.

Question:9 Let A and B be two sets such that n(A) = 3 and n(B) = 2. If (x, 1), (y, 2), (z, 1) are in $A \times B$ , find A and B, where x, y and z are distinct elements.

Answer:

It is given that
n(A) = 3 and n(B) = 2 and If (x, 1), (y, 2), (z, 1) are in A × B.

By definition of Cartesian product of two non-empty Set P and Q:
$P \times Q = \left \{ (p,q) : p \ \epsilon \ P , q \ \epsilon \ Q \right \}$
Now, we can see that
P = set of all first elements.
And
Q = set of all second elements.
Now,
$\Rightarrow$ (x, y, z) are elements of A and (1,2) are elements of B
As n(A) = 3 and n(B) = 2
Therefore,
A = {x, y, z} and B = {1, 2}

Question:10 The Cartesian product $A \times A$ has 9 elements among which are found (–1, 0) and (0,1). Find the set A and the remaining elements of $A \times A$

Answer:

It is given that Cartesian product A × A having 9 elements among which are found (–1, 0) and (0,1).
Now,
Number of elements in (A× B) = (Number of elements in set A) × (Number of elements in B)
$n(A \times A) = n(A) \times n(A)$
It is given that $n(A \times A) = 9$
Therefore,
$n(A) \times n(A) = 9$
$\Rightarrow n(A) = 3$
Now,
By definition A × A = {(a, a): a ? A}
Therefore,
-1, 0 and 1 are the elements of set A
Now, because, n(A) = 3 therefore, A = {-1, 0, 1}
Therefore,
the remaining elements of set (A × A) are
(-1,-1), (-1,1), (0,0), (0, -1), (1,1), (1, -1) and (1, 0)

Relation And Function Class 11 NCERT-Exercise: 2.2

Question:1 Let A = {1, 2, 3,...,14}. Define a relation R from A to A by $R = \left \{ ( x,y): 3x -y = 0 , where \: \: x , y \epsilon A \right \}$ .Write down its domain, codomain and range.

Answer:

It is given that
$A = \left \{ 1, 2, 3, ..., 14 \right \} \ and \ R = \left \{ (x, y) : 3x - y = 0, \ where \ x, y \ \epsilon \ A \right \}$
Now, the relation R from A to A is given as
$R = \left \{ ( x,y): 3x -y = 0 , where \: \: x , y \epsilon A \right \}$
Therefore,
the relation in roaster form is , $,R = \left \{ (1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9), (4, 12) \right \}$
Now,
We know that Domain of R = set of all first elements of the order pairs in the relation
Therefore,
Domain of $R = \left \{ 1, 2, 3, 4 \right \}$
And
Codomain of R = the whole set A
i.e. Codomain of $R = \left \{ 1, 2, 3, ..., 14 \right \}$
Now,
Range of R = set of all second elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Therefore,
range of $R = \left \{ 3, 6, 9, 12 \right \}$

Question:2 Define a relation R on the set N of natural numbers by R = { ( x,y ) : y = x +5 , x is a natural number less than $4 ; x , y \epsilon N \left. \right \}$ . Depict this relationship using roster form. Write down the domain and the range.

Answer:

It is given that
$R = \{ ( x,y ) : y = x +5 , x$ is a natural number less than $4 ; x , y \epsilon N \left. \right \}$

As x is a natural number which is less than 4.
Therefore,
the relation in roaster form is, $R = \left \{ (1,6), (2,7), (3,8) \right \}$
As Domain of R = set of all first elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Therefore,
Domain of $R = \left \{ 1, 2, 3 \right \}$

Now,
Range of R = set of all second elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Therefore,
the range of $R = \left \{ 6, 7, 8 \right \}$

Therefore, domain and the range are $\left \{ 1,2,3 \right \} \ \ and \ \ \left \{ 6, 7, 8 \right \}$ respectively

Question:3 A = {1, 2, 3, 5} and B = {4, 6, 9}. Define a relation R from A to B by $R = \left \{ ( x,y ) : the \: \: diffrence \: \: between \: \: x \: \: and \: \: y \: \: is \: \: odd ; x \epsilon A , y \epsilon B \right \}$ . Write R in roster form.

Answer:

It is given that
A = {1, 2, 3, 5} and B = {4, 6, 9}
And
$R = \left \{ ( x,y ) : the \: \: diffrence \: \: between \: \: x \: \: and \: \: y \: \: is \: \: odd ; x \epsilon A , y \epsilon B \right \}$
Now, it is given that the difference should be odd. Let us take all possible differences.
(1 - 4) = - 3, (1 - 6) = - 5, (1 - 9) = - 8(2 - 4) = - 2, (2 - 6) = - 4, (2 - 9) = - 7(3 - 4) = - 1, (3 - 6) = - 3, (3 - 9) = - 6(5 - 4) = 1, (5 - 6) = - 1, (5 - 9) = - 4
Taking the difference which are odd we get,

Therefore,
the relation in roaster form, $R = \left \{ (1,4), (1,6), (2,9), (3,4), (3,6), (5,4), (5,6) \right \}$

Question:4 (i) The Fig2.7 shows a relationship between the sets P and Q. Write this relation in set-builder form

1646202369891

Answer:

It is given in the figure that

P = {5,6,7}, Q = {3,4,5}

Therefore,
the relation in set builder form is ,
$R = \left \{ {(x, y): y = x-2; x \ \epsilon \ P} \right \}$
OR
$R = \left \{ {(x, y): y = x-2; \ for \ x = 5, 6, 7} \right \}$

Question:4 (ii) The Fig2.7 shows a relationship between the sets P and Q. Write this relation roster form. What is it domain and range?

1646202396333

Answer:

From the given figure. we observe that

P = {5,6,7}, Q = {3,4,5}

And the relation in roaster form is , $R = \left \{ {(5,3), (6,4), (7,5)} \right \}$

As Domain of R = set of all first elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Therefore,
Domain of $R = \left \{ {5, 6, 7} \right \}$

Now,
Range of R = set of all second elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Therefore,
the range of $R = \left \{ {3, 4, 5} \right \}$

Question:5 (i) Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6}. Let R be the relation on A defined by $\left \{ ( a,b): a ,b \epsilon A , b\: \: is\: \: exactly \: \: divisible\: \: by \: \: a \right \}$ Write R in roster form

Answer:

It is given that
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6}
And
$R = \left \{ ( a,b): a ,b \epsilon A , b\: \: is\: \: exactly \: \: divisible\: \: by \: \: a \right \}$

Therefore,
the relation in roaster form is , $R = \left \{ {(1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (1,4), (1,6), (2,2), (2,4), (2,6), (3,3), (3,6), (4,4), (6,6)} \right \}$

Question:5 (ii) Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6}. Let R be the relation on A defined by $\left \{ ( a,b): a ,b \epsilon A , b\: \: is\: \: exactly \: \: divisible\: \: by \: \: a \right \}$ Find the domain of R

Answer:

It is given that
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6}
And
$R = \left \{ ( a,b): a ,b \epsilon A , b\: \: is\: \: exactly \: \: divisible\: \: by \: \: a \right \}$
Now,
As Domain of R = set of all first elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Therefore,
Domain of $R = \left \{ {1, 2, 3, 4, 6} \right \}$

Question:5 (iii) Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6}. Let R be the relation on A defined by $\left \{ ( a,b): a ,b \epsilon A , b\: \: is\: \: exactly \: \: divisible\: \: by \: \: a \right \}$ Find the range of R.

Answer:

It is given that
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6}
And
$R = \left \{ ( a,b): a ,b \epsilon A , b\: \: is\: \: exactly \: \: divisible\: \: by \: \: a \right \}$
Now,
As the range of R = set of all second elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Therefore,
Range of $R = \left \{ {1, 2, 3, 4, 6} \right \}$

Question:6 Determine the domain and range of the relation R defined by $R = \left \{ ( x , x +5 ): x \epsilon \left \{ 0,1,2,3,,4,5 \right \} \right \}$

Answer:

It is given that
$R = \left \{ ( x , x +5 ): x \epsilon \left \{ 0,1,2,3,,4,5 \right \} \right \}$

Therefore,
the relation in roaster form is , $R = \left \{ {(0,5), (1,6), (2,7), (3,8), (4,9), (5,10)} \right \}$

Now,
As Domain of R = set of all first elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Therefore,
Domain of $R =\left \{ {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} \right \}$

Now,
As Range of R = set of all second elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Range of $R =\left \{ {5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} \right \}$

Therefore, the domain and range of the relation R is $\left \{ 0,1,2,3,4,5 \right \} \ \ and \ \ \left \{ {5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} \right \}$ respectively

Question:7 Write the relation $R = \left \{ \right.(x, x^3) : x\: \: is\: \: a\: \: prime\: \: number \: \: less\: \: than\: \: 10\: \: \left. \right \}$ in roster form.

Answer:

It is given that
$R = \left \{ \right.(x, x^3) : x\: \: is\: \: a\: \: prime\: \: number \: \: less\: \: than\: \: 10\: \: \left. \right \}$
Now,
As we know the prime number less than 10 are 2, 3, 5 and 7.
Therefore,
the relation in roaster form is , $R =\left \{ {(2,8), (3,27), (5,125), (7,343)} \right \}$

Question:8 Let A = {x, y, z} and B = {1, 2}. Find the number of relations from A to B.

Answer:

It is given that
A = {x, y, z} and B = {1, 2}
Now,
$A \times B = \left \{ {(x,1), (x,2), (y,1), (y,2), (z,1), (z,2)} \right \}$
Therefore,
$n(A \times B) = 6$
Then, the number of subsets of the set $(A \times B) = 2^n = 2^6$

Therefore, the number of relations from A to B is $2^6$

Question:9 Let R be the relation on Z defined by $R = \left \{ ( a,b) : a , b \epsilon Z , a-b\: \: is \: \: an \: \: integer \right \}$
Find the domain and range of R.

Answer:

It is given that
$R = \left \{ ( a,b) : a , b \epsilon Z , a-b\: \: is \: \: an \: \: integer \right \}$
Now, as we know that the difference between any two integers is always an integer.
And
As Domain of R = set of all first elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Therefore,
The domain of R = Z

Now,
Range of R = set of all second elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Therefore,
range of R = Z

Therefore, the domain and range of R is Z and Z respectively

Relation And Function Class 11 NCERT-Exercise: 2.3

Question:1 (i) Which of the following relations are functions? Give reasons. If it is a function,determine its domain and range. {(2,1), (5,1), (8,1), (11,1), (14,1), (17,1)}

Answer:

Since, 2, 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17 are the elements of domain R having their unique images. Hence, this relation R is a function.
Now,
As Domain of R = set of all first elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Therefore,
Domain of $R =\left \{ {2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17} \right \}$

Now,
As Range of R = set of all second elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Therefore,
Range of $R =\left \{ {1} \right \}$

Therefore, domain and range of R are $\left \{ {2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17} \right \} \ and \ \left \{ 1 \right \}$ respectively

Question:1 (ii) Which of the following relations are functions? Give reasons. If it is a function, determine its domain and range.{(2,1), (4,2), (6,3), (8,4), (10,5), (12,6), (14,7)}

Answer:

Since, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10,12 and 14 are the elements of domain R having their unique images. Hence, this relation R is a function.

Now,
As Domain of R = set of all first elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Therefore,
Domain of $R =\left \{ {2, 4, 6, 8, 10,12, 14} \right \}$

Now,
As Range of R = set of all second elements of the order pairs in the relation.
Therefore,
Range of $R =\left \{ {1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6, 7} \right \}$

Therefore, domain and range of R are $\left \{ {2, 4, 6, 8, 10,12, 14} \right \} \ and \ \left \{ {1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6, 7} \right \}$ respectively

Question:1 (iii) Which of the following relations are functions? Give reasons. If it is a function, determine its domain and range. {(1,3), (1,5), (2,5)}.

Answer:

Since the same first element 1 corresponds to two different images 3 and 5. Hence, this relation is not a function.

Question:2 (i) Find the domain and range of the following real functions:

$f (x ) = - |x|$

Answer:

Given function is
$f (x ) = - |x|$
_{Now, we know that}

$|x|\left\{\begin{matrix} x &if \ x> 0 \\ -x& if \ x<0 \end{matrix}\right.$
$\Rightarrow f(x)=-|x|\left\{\begin{matrix} -x &if \ x> 0 \\ x& if \ x<0 \end{matrix}\right.$

Now, for a function f(x),
Domain: The values that can be put in the function to obtain real value. For example f(x) = x, now we can put any value in place of x and we will get a real value. Hence, the domain of this function will be Real Numbers.
Range: The values that we obtain of the function after putting the value from domain. For Example: f(x) = x + 1, now if we put x = 0, f(x) = 1. This 1 is a value of Range that we obtained.

Since f(x) is defined for $x \ \epsilon \ R$ , the domain of f is R.

It can be observed that the range of f(x) = -|x| is all real numbers except positive real numbers. Because will always get a negative number when we put a value from the domain.
Therefore, the range of f is $(-\infty , 0]$

Question:2 (ii) Find the domain and range of the following real functions:

$f ( x ) = \sqrt { 9- x ^2 }$

Answer:

Given function is
$f ( x ) = \sqrt { 9- x ^2 }$
Now,
Domain: These are the values of x for which f(x) is defined.
for the given f(x) we can say that, f(x) should be real and for that,9 - x ² ≥ 0 [Since a value less than 0 will give an imaginary value]
$\Rightarrow 3^2-x^2= (3-x)(3+x)\geq 0$
$\Rightarrow -3\leq x\leq 3$
Therefore,
The domain of f(x) is $[-3,3]$
Now,
If we put the value of x from $[-3,3]$ we will observe that the value of function $f ( x ) = \sqrt { 9- x ^2 }$ varies from 0 to 3
Therefore,
Range of f(x) is $[0,3]$

Question:3 (i) A function f is defined by f(x) = 2x –5. Write down the values of f (0),

Answer:

Given function is
$f(x) = 2x-5$
Now,
$f(0) = 2(0)-5=0-5 = -5$
Therefore,
Value of f(0) is -5

Question:3 (ii) A function f is defined by f(x) = 2x –5. Write down the values of f (7)

Answer:

Given function is
$f(x) = 2x-5$
Now,
$f(7) = 2(7)-5=14-5 = 9$
Therefore,
Value of f(7) is 9

Question:3 (iii) A function f is defined by f(x) = 2x –5. Write down the values of f (-3)

Answer:

Given function is
$f(x) = 2x-5$
Now,
$f(-3) = 2(-3)-5=-6-5 = -11$
Therefore,
Value of f(-3) is -11

Question:4(i) The function ‘t’ which maps temperature in degree Celsius into temperature in degree Fahrenheit is defined by $t ( C ) = \frac{9 C }{5} + 32$ t (0)

Answer:

Given function is
$t ( C ) = \frac{9 C }{5} + 32$
Now,
$t ( 0 ) = \frac{9 (0) }{5} + 32= 0+ 32 = 32$
Therefore,
Value of t(0) is 32

Question:4(ii) The function ‘t’ which maps temperature in degree Celsius into temperature in degree Fahrenheit is defined by $t ( C ) = \frac{9 C }{5} + 32$ t (28)

Answer:

Given function is
$t ( C ) = \frac{9 C }{5} + 32$
Now,
$t ( 28 ) = \frac{9 (28) }{5} + 32= \frac{252}{5}+ 32 = \frac{252+160}{5}= \frac{412}{5}$
Therefore,
Value of t(28) is $\frac{412}{5}$

Question:4(iii) The function ‘t’ which maps temperature in degree Celsius into temperature in degree Fahrenheit is defined by $t ( C ) = \frac{9 C }{5} + 32$ t (-10)

Answer:

Given function is
$t ( C ) = \frac{9 C }{5} + 32$
Now,
$t ( -10 ) = \frac{9 (-10) }{5} + 32= \frac{-90}{5}+ 32 = -18+32= 14$
Therefore,
Value of t(-10) is 14

Question:4(iv) The function ‘t’ which maps temperature in degree Celsius into temperature in
degree Fahrenheit is defined by $t ( C ) = \frac{9 C }{5} + 32$ The value of C, when t(C) = 212.

Answer:

Given function is
$t ( C ) = \frac{9 C }{5} + 32$
Now,
$212 = \frac{9 (C) }{5} + 32$
$212 \times 5= {9 (C) } + 160$
${9 (C) } =1060-160$
$C = \frac{900}{9} = 100$
Therefore,
When t(C) = 212 , value of C is 100

Question:5 (i) Find the range of each of the following functions.

$f (x) = 2 - 3x, x \epsilon R, x > 0.$

Answer:

Given function is

$f (x) = 2 - 3x, x \epsilon R, x > 0.$
It is given that $x > 0$
Now,
$\Rightarrow 3x > 0$
$\Rightarrow -3x < 0$
Add 2 on both the sides
$\Rightarrow -3x+2 < 0+2$
$\Rightarrow 2-3x < 2$
$\Rightarrow f(x) < 2 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ (\because f(x) = 2-3x)$
Therefore,
Range of function $f(x) = 2 -3x$ is $(-\infty,2)$

Question:5 (ii) Find the range of each of the following functions

$f ( x ) = x ^2 +2$ , x is a real number.

Answer:

Given function is

$f ( x ) = x ^2 +2$
It is given that x is a real number
Now,
$\Rightarrow x^2 \geq 0$
Add 2 on both the sides
$\Rightarrow x^2+2 \geq 0+2$
$\Rightarrow f(x) \geq 2 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ (\because f(x) = x^2+2)$
Therefore,
Range of function $f ( x ) = x ^2 +2$ is $[2,\infty)$

Question:5 (iii) Find the range of each of the following functions.

f (x) = x, x is a real number

Answer:

Given function is

$f ( x ) = x$
It is given that x is a real number
Therefore,
Range of function $f ( x ) = x$ is R

Relation And Function Class 11 NCERT-Miscellaneous Exercise

Question:1 The relation f is defined by $f (x) = \left\{\begin{matrix} x^2 & 0 \leq x\leq 3 \\ 3x &3 \leq x \leq 10 \end{matrix}\right.$ The relation g is defined by $g(x) = \left\{\begin{matrix} x^2 & 0 \leq x\leq 2 \\ 3x &2 \leq x \leq 10 \end{matrix}\right.$ Show that f is a function and g is not a function.

Answer:

It is given that
$f (x) = \left\{\begin{matrix} x^2 & 0 \leq x\leq 3 \\ 3x &3 \leq x \leq 10 \end{matrix}\right.$
Now,
$f(x) = x^2 \ for \ 0\leq x\leq 3$
And
$f(x) = 3x \ for \ 3\leq x\leq 10$

At x = 3, $f(x) = x^2 = 3^2 = 9$

Also, at x = 3, $f(x) = 3x = 3\times 3 = 9$

We can see that for $0\leq x\leq 10$ , f(x) has unique images.

Therefore, By definition of a function, the given relation is function.

Now,
It is given that
$g(x) = \left\{\begin{matrix} x^2 & 0 \leq x\leq 2 \\ 3x &2 \leq x \leq 10 \end{matrix}\right.$
Now,
$g(x) = x^2 \ for \ 0\leq x\leq 2$
And
$g(x) = 3x \ for \ 2\leq x\leq 10$

At x = 2, $g(x) = x^2 = 2^2 = 4$
Also, at x = 2, $g(x) = 3x = 3\times2 = 6$
We can clearly see that element 2 of the domain of relation g(x) corresponds to two different images i.e. 4 and 6. Thus, f(x) does not have unique images
Therefore, by definition of a function, the given relation is not a function

Hence proved

Question:2 If $f (x)= x^2$ find $\frac{f ( 1.1)- f (1)}{(1.1-1)}$

Answer:

Given function is
$f(x)= x^2$
Now,
$\frac{f ( 1.1)- f (1)}{(1.1-1)} = \frac{(1.1)^2-1^2}{(1.1-1)} = \frac{1.21-1}{0.1}= \frac{0.21}{0.1}= 2.1$

Therefore, value of $\frac{f ( 1.1)- f (1)}{(1.1-1)}$ is 2.1

Question:3 Find the domain of the function $f (x) = \frac{x^2 + 2 x +1}{x^2 - 8x + 12 }$

Answer:

Given function is
$f (x) = \frac{x^2 + 2 x +1}{x^2 - 8x + 12 }$
Now, we will simplify it into
$f (x) = \frac{x^2 + 2 x +1}{x^2 - 8x + 12 }$
$= \frac{x^2+2x+1}{x^2-6x-2x+12}$
$= \frac{x^2+2x+1}{x(x-6)-2(x-6)}$
$= \frac{x^2+2x+1}{(x-2)(x-6)}$
Now, we can clearly see that $x \neq 2 , 6$
Therefore, the Domain of f(x) is $(R-\left \{ 2,6 \right \})$

Question:4 Find the domain and the range of the real function f defined by $f (x) = \sqrt{(x-1)}$

Answer:

Given function is
$f (x) = \sqrt{(x-1)}$
We can clearly see that f(x) is only defined for the values of x , $x\geq 1$
Therefore,
The domain of the function $f (x) = \sqrt{(x-1)}$ is $[1,\infty)$
Now, as
$\Rightarrow x\geq 1$
$\Rightarrow x-1\geq 1-1$
$\Rightarrow x-1\geq 0$
take square root on both sides
$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x-1}\geq 0$
$\Rightarrow f(x)\geq 0 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ (\because f(x)= \sqrt{x-1})$
Therefore,
Range of function $f (x) = \sqrt{(x-1)}$ is $[0,\infty)$

Question:5 Find the domain and the range of the real function f defined by $f (x) = |x-1|$

Answer:

Given function is
$f (x) = |x-1|$
As the given function is defined of all real number
The domain of the function $f (x) = |x-1|$ is R
Now, as we know that the mod function always gives only positive values
Therefore,
Range of function $f (x) = |x-1|$ is all non-negative real numbers i.e. $[0,\infty)$

Question:6 Let $f = \left \{ \left ( x , \frac{x^2}{1+ x^2} \right ) : x \epsilon R \right \}$ R be a function from R into R. Determine the range of f.

Answer:

Given function is
$f = \left \{ \left ( x , \frac{x^2}{1+ x^2} \right ) : x \epsilon R \right \}$
Range of any function is the set of values obtained after the mapping is done in the domain of the function. So every value of the codomain that is being mapped is Range of the function.
Let's take
$y = \frac{x^2}{1+x^2}$
$\Rightarrow y(1+x^2)=x^2$
$\Rightarrow y+yx^2=x^2$
$\Rightarrow y=x^2(1-y)$
$\Rightarrow x^2= \frac{y}{1-y}$
$\Rightarrow x= \pm \sqrt{\frac{y}{1-y}}$
Now, 1 - y should be greater than zero and y should be greater than and equal to zero for x to exist because other than those values the x will be imaginary
Thus, $1 - y > 0 , y < 1 \ and \ y \geq 0$
Therefore,
Range of given function is $[0,1)$

Question:7 Let f, g : R $\rightarrow$ R be defined, respectively by f(x) = x + 1, g(x) = 2x – 3. Find f + g, f – g and f/g

Answer:

It is given that
$f,g : R \rightarrow R$
$f(x)=x+1 \ \ and \ \ g(x) = 2x - 3$
Now,
$(f+g)x = f(x)+g(x)$
$= (x+1)+(2x-3)$
$= 3x-2$
Therefore,
$(f+g)x= 3x-2$

Now,
$(f-g)x = f(x)-g(x)$
$= (x+1)-(2x-3)$
$= x+1-2x+3$
$= -x+4$
Therefore,
$(f-g)x= -x+4$

Now,
$\left ( \frac{f}{g} \right )x = \frac{f(x)}{g(x)} , g(x)\neq 0$
$=\frac{x+1}{2x-3} \ , x \neq \frac{3}{2}$
Therefore, values of $(f+g)x,(f-g)x \ and \ \left ( \frac{f}{g} \right )x$ are $(3x-2),(-x+4) \ and \ \frac{x+1}{2x-3}$ respectively

Question:8 Let f = {(1,1), (2,3), (0,–1), (–1, –3)} be a function from Z to Z defined by f(x) = ax + b, for some integers a, b. Determine a, b.

Answer:

It is given that
$f =\left \{ {(1,1), (2,3), (0,-1), (-1, -3)} \right \}$
And
$f(x) = ax+b$
Now,
At x = 1 , $f(x) = 1$
$\Rightarrow f(1)= a(1)+b$
$\Rightarrow a+b = 1 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -(i)$
Similarly,
At $x = 0$ , $f(x) = -1$
$\Rightarrow f(0) = a(0)+b$
$\Rightarrow b = -1$
Now, put this value of b in equation (i)
we will get,
$a = 2$
Therefore, values of a and b are 2 and -1 respectively

Question:9 (i) Let R be a relation from N to N defined by $R = \left \{ ( a,b): a,b \epsilon N \: \:and \: \: a = b ^ 2 \right \}$ . Are the following true?

$( a,a ) \epsilon R ,$ for all $a \epsilon N$

Answer:

It is given that
$R = \left \{ ( a,b): a,b \epsilon N \: \:and \: \: a = b ^ 2 \right \}$
And
$( a,a ) \epsilon R ,$ for all $a \epsilon N$
Now, it can be seen that $2 \ \epsilon \ N$ But, $2 \neq 2^ 2 = 4$
Therefore, this statement is FALSE

Question:9 (ii) Let R be a relation from N to N defined by $R = \left \{ ( a,b): a,b \epsilon N \: \:and \: \: a = b ^ 2 \right \}$ . Are the following true?

$( a,a ) \epsilon R ,$ implies (b,a) $\epsilon$ R

Answer:

It is given that
$R = \left \{ ( a,b): a,b \epsilon N \: \:and \: \: a = b ^ 2 \right \}$
And
$( a,b ) \ \epsilon \ R ,$ implies $(b,a) \ \epsilon \ R$
Now , it can be seen that $( 2,4 ) \ \epsilon \ R ,$ and $4 = 2^2 = 4$ , But $2 \neq 4^2 =16$
Therefore, $(2,4) \ \notin \ N$
Therefore, given statement is FALSE

Question:9 (iii) Let R be a relation from N to N defined by $R = \left \{ ( a,b): a,b \epsilon N \: \:and \: \: a = b ^ 2 \right \}$ . Are the following true?

(a,b) $\epsilon$ R, (b,c) $\epsilon$ R implies (a,c) $\epsilon$ R.

Answer:

It is given that
$R = \left \{ ( a,b): a,b \epsilon N \: \:and \: \: a = b ^ 2 \right \}$
And
$( a,b ) \ \epsilon \ R , (b,c) \ \epsilon \ R$ implies $(a,c) \ \epsilon \ R$
Now, it can be seen that $(16,4) \ \epsilon \ R , ( 4,2 ) \ \epsilon \ R$ because $16 = 4^2 = 16$ and $4 = 2^2 = 4$ , But $16 \neq 2^2 =4$
Therefore, $(16,2) \ \notin \ N$
Therefore, the given statement is FALSE

Question:10 (i) Let A ={1,2,3,4}, B = {1,5,9,11,15,16} and f = {(1,5), (2,9), (3,1), (4,5), (2,11)} Are the following true? f is a relation from A to B Justify your answer

Answer:

It is given that
$A =\left \{ {1,2,3,4} \right \}$
$B =\left \{ {1,5,9,11,15,16} \right \}$
and $f =\left \{ {(1,5), (2,9), (3,1), (4,5), (2,11)} \right \}$
Now,
$A \times B =\left \{ (1,1), (1,5), (1,9), (1,11), (1,15), (1,16), (2,1), (2,5), (2,9), (2,11), (2,15), (2,16), (3,1), (3,5), (3,9), (3,11), (3,15), (3,16), (4,1), (4,5), (4,9), (4,11), (4,15), (4,16) \right \}$ Now, a relation from a non-empty set A to a non-empty set B is a subset of the Cartesian product A × B
And we can see that f is a subset of $A \times B$
Hence f is a relation from A to B
Therefore, given statement is TRUE

Question:10 (ii) Let A ={1,2,3,4}, B = {1,5,9,11,15,16} and f = {(1,5), (2,9), (3,1), (4,5), (2,11)} Are the following true? f is a function from A to B justify your answer

Answer:

It is given that
$A =\left \{ {1,2,3,4} \right \}$
$B =\left \{ {1,5,9,11,15,16} \right \}$
and $f =\left \{ {(1,5), (2,9), (3,1), (4,5), (2,11)} \right \}$
Now,
$A \times B =\left \{ (1,1), (1,5), (1,9), (1,11), (1,15), (1,16), (2,1), (2,5), (2,9), (2,11), (2,15), (2,16), (3,1), (3,5), (3,9), (3,11), (3,15), (3,16), (4,1), (4,5), (4,9), (4,11), (4,15), (4,16) \right \}$
As we can observe that same first element i.e. 2 corresponds to two different images that is 9 and 11.
Hence f is not a function from A to B
Therefore, given statement is FALSE

Question:11 Let f be the subset of $Z \times Z$ defined by $f = {(ab, a + b) : a, b \epsilon Z}$ . Is f a function from Z to Z? Justify your answer.

Answer:

It is given that

Now, we know that relation f from a set A to a set B is said to be a function only if every element of set A has a unique image in set B
Now, for value 2, 6, -2, -6 $\epsilon \ Z$
$f = { (2 \times 6, 2 + 6), (-2 \times -6, -2 - 6), (2 \times -6, 2 - 6), (-2 \times 6, -2 + 6)}$ $\Rightarrow f = \left \{ (12, 8), (12, -8), (-12, -4), (-12, 4) \right \}$
Now, we can observe that same first element i.e. 12 corresponds to two different images that are 8 and -8.
Thus, f is not a function

Question:12 Let A = {9,10,11,12,13} and let f : A $\rightarrow$ N be defined by f (n) = the highest prime factor of n. Find the range of f.

Answer:

It is given that
A = {9,10,11,12,13}
And
f : A → N be defined by f(n) = the highest prime factor of n.
Now,
Prime factor of 9 = 3

Prime factor of 10 = 2,5

Prime factor of 11 = 11

Prime factor of 12 = 2,3

Prime factor of 13 = 13

f(n) = the highest prime factor of n.

Hence,

f(9) = the highest prime factor of 9 = 3

f(10) = the highest prime factor of 10 = 5

f(11) = the highest prime factor of 11 = 11

f(12) = the highest prime factor of 12 = 3

f(13) = the highest prime factor of 13 = 13

As the range of f is the set of all f(n), where $n \ \epsilon \ A$

Therefore, the range of f is: {3, 5, 11, 13}.

If you are interested in Relation And Function Class 11 exercises solutions then these are listed below.

relation and function class 11 Exercise 2.1

relation and function class 11 Exercise 2.2

relation and function class 11 Exercise 2.3

relation and function class 11 Miscellaneous Exercise

The main topics under NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 2 Relations And Functions are listed below

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Cartesian Products of Sets

2.3 Relations

2.4 Functions

The second important topic of this chapter is relation. A few points to remember are listed below

1. A relation from non-empty set A to non-empty set B is a subset of $A\times B$

2. The set of all first elements of the ordered pairs in a relation R from a set A to a set B is called the domain R and the set of all second elements in a relation R from a set A to a set B is called the range of R., For example, consider a relation R from set A ={1,2,3,4} to Set B={1,2,3.........20} of real numbers defined by R={(1,1),(2,4),(3,9),(4,16)}. Then the set {1,2,3,4} is the domain of R and {1,4,9,16} is the range of R and the whole set B is the codomain.

3. Let the set A has n element and set B has m element then the number of possible relation from A to B is $2^{mn}$

The last topic of this chapter is functions: A relation R from set A to set B is called as a function if every element of set A has only one image in set B.

Algebra of real functions : Let f and g be any real functions then

$\\a)(f + g) (x) = f (x) + g (x)\\ b)(f-g) (x) = f(x) -g(x) \\c)(fg) (x) = f(x) g(x)\\d)\frac{f}{g}(x)=\frac{f(x))}{g(x))}, \ g(x)\neq0$

NCERT solutions for class 11 mathematics

chapter-1	Sets
chapter-2	Relations and Functions
chapter-3	Trigonometric Functions
chapter-4	Principle of Mathematical Induction
chapter-5	Complex Numbers and Quadratic equations
chapter-6	Linear Inequalities
chapter-7	Permutation and Combinations
chapter-8	Binomial Theorem
chapter-9	Sequences and Series
chapter-10	Straight Lines
chapter-11	Conic Section
chapter-12	Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry
chapter-13	Limits and Derivatives
chapter-14	Mathematical Reasoning
chapter-15	Statistics
chapter-16	Probability

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NCERT solutions for class 11 maths chapter 2 relations and functions will build your basics of functions which will be helpful in 12th board exams also.
All these questions are prepared and explained in a detailed manner so it will be very easy for you to understand the concepts
NCERT solutions for class 11 maths chapter 2 relations and functions ll develop yous basic concept which will be helpful in further studies relational algebra, relational calculus, statistics, machine learning, etc.
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Solutions

Frequently Asked Question (FAQs) - NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 2 Relations And Functions

Question: How many chapters are there in the CBSE class 11 maths ?

Answer:

There are 16 chapters from sets to probability in the NCERT Class 11 Maths.

Question: Where can I find the complete solutions of NCERT for class 11 maths ?

Answer:

Here you will get the detailed NCERT solutions for class 11 maths by clicking on the link.

Question: Does CBSE provides the solutions of NCERT class 11 maths ?

Answer:

No, CBSE doesn’t provided NCERT solutions for any class or subject.

Question: Which is the official website of NCERT ?

Answer:

NCERT official is the official website of the NCERT where you can get NCERT textbooks and syllabus from class 1 to 12.

Question: What are important topics of the chapter Relations And Functions?

Answer:

Basic definitions of relations and functions, Cartesian products of sets, and domain and range of the functions are the important topic of this chapter. you can practice them to get maximum benifit.

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Answer:

If students are stuck while solving the NCERT syllabus problems, they can take help from these NCERT solutions. NCERT solutions are provided in a very simple which average students can understand and will get new ways to solve the problems.

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NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 2 Relations And Functions

Relation And Function Class 11 NCERT-Exercise: 2.1

Relation And Function Class 11 NCERT-Exercise: 2.2

Relation And Function Class 11 NCERT-Exercise: 2.3

Relation And Function Class 11 NCERT-Miscellaneous Exercise

NCERT solutions for class 11- Subject wise

Also Check NCERT Books and NCERT Syllabus here

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Frequently Asked Question (FAQs) - NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 2 Relations And Functions

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Question: Which is the official website of NCERT ?

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