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NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Biology Chapter 6 - Anatomy of Flowering Plants

NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Biology Chapter 6 - Anatomy of Flowering Plants

Edited By Irshad Anwar | Updated on May 13, 2025 08:24 PM IST

The internal structure of plants is an interesting concept that reveals how the cells and tissues are arranged and how they carry out different processes to survive. Class 11 Biology Chapter 6 Anatomy of Flowering Plants NCERT Solutions explains briefly and simply different plant tissues, i.e., meristematic tissues, which are responsible for plant growth, and permanent tissues, which serve particular purposes. Anatomy and the functions of the chief plant organs, i.e., roots, stems, and leaves, are explained. The NCERT Solutions are explained in detail with the best format for easy reading and understanding.

This Story also Contains
  1. NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Biology: Anatomy of Flowering Plants - Download PDF
  2. Detailed NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 6 (Solved Exercise)
  3. Important Question from Chapter 6 Anatomy of Flowering Plants
  4. Approach to Solve Questions of Class 11 Chapter 6
  5. What Extra Should Students Study Beyond the NCERT for NEET?
  6. Chapter Wise NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology
NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Biology Chapter 6 - Anatomy of Flowering Plants
NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Biology Chapter 6 - Anatomy of Flowering Plants

Answers in the NCERT Solutions Class 11 Anatomy of Flowering Plants are designed to make learning easier for students. They consist of simple descriptions, diagrammatic sketches, and step-by-step explanations of every question in the NCERT textbook. Whether you are a beginner or already possess plant anatomy knowledge, these solutions will make your learning and test preparation easier. This is one of the important chapters to study about how plants grow and develop. NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology offer detailed explanations and answers to help students learn key concepts and do well in their examinations.

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NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Biology: Anatomy of Flowering Plants - Download PDF

Get clear and step-by-step answers to help you understand the concepts better. Given below is a detailed PDF that you can download for quick and easy reference.

Download PDF

Also Read,

Detailed NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 6 (Solved Exercise)

Find well-explained and accurate solutions to all the textbook exercises to strengthen your understanding of Chapter 6.

Q1. Draw illustrations to bring out the anatomical differences between

(i) Monocot root and Dicot root

Answer:

Monocot root

monocot root

Dicot root-

Dicot root-

(b) Monocot stem and Dicot stem

Monocot stem and Dicot stem

Q2. Cut a transverse section of young stem of a plant from your school garden and observe it under the microscope. How would you ascertain whether it is a monocot stem or a dicot stem? Give reasons.

Answer:

Monocot Stem:

  1. Vascular Bundles: Scattered and isolated in the stem.
  2. Cambium: None; no vascular cambium exists.
  3. Cortex and Pith: No differentiation between cortex and pith.

Dicot Stem:

  1. Vascular Bundles: Formed in a ring.
  2. Cambium: Exists; vascular cambium provides for secondary growth.
  3. Cortex and Pith: Separation between cortex (outer) and pith (inner).

By confirming these features under the microscope, you can determine if the stem is monocotyledonous or dicotyledonous.

Q3. The transverse section of a plant material shows the following anatomical features -

(i) The vascular bundles are conjoint, scattered and surrounded by a sclerenchymatous bundle sheath.

What will you identify it as?

(ii) Phloem parenchyma is absent.

Answer:

(a) Vascular bundles are isolated and embedded in sclerenchyma.
(b) There is no phloem parenchyma.
Conclusion:
These characteristics are characteristic of a monocot stem.


Q4. What is stomatal apparatus? Explain the structure of stomata with a labelled diagram.

Answer:

Stomatal apparatus includes:

  1. Stomata: Tiny openings on leaves that allow gas exchange (uptake of CO₂, outflow of O₂).
  2. Guard Cells: Bean-shaped (in dicots) or dumbbell-shaped (in monocots); open or shut stomata.
  3. Subsidiary Cells: Enclose guard cells and offer structural support.

stomata

Q5. Name the three basic tissue systems in the flowering plants. Give the tissue names under each system.

Answer:

The three basic tissue systems in the flowering plants include epidermal tissue system, ground tissue system and vascular tissue system.

1. Epidermal Tissue System

Tissues: Epidermis, Cuticle, Stomata, Trichomes

2. Ground Tissue System

Tissues: Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma

3. Vascular Tissue System

Tissues: Xylem (for water transport), Phloem (for food transport)

Q 6. How is the study of plant anatomy useful to us?

Answer:

The analysis of plant anatomy proves to be useful in the following ways:

  • Identification of Species: Aids in differentiating among plant species.
  • Determination of Age: Suggests the age of trees in terms of annual rings of growth.
  • Adaptation Hints: Provides insights into the adaptation of plants in different environments.
  • Commercial Usefulness: Proves useful in commercial industries that involve wood, fibres, and other plant products.

Q 7. Describe the internal structure of a dorsiventral leaf with the help of labelled diagrams.

Answer:

The internal structure of a dorsiventral leaf includes:

Upper Epidermis: A protective layer often covered with a cuticle to reduce water loss.

Mesophyll:

  • Palisade Parenchyma (upper layer): Contains chloroplasts for photosynthesis.
  • Spongy Parenchyma (lower layer): Loosely arranged for gas exchange through intercellular spaces.

Lower Epidermis: Contains stomata for transpiration and gas exchange.

Vascular Bundles: Composed of xylem (for water transport) and phloem (for food transport).

Vascular Bundles



NCERT Solutions for Class 11: Subject-wise

Important Question from Chapter 6 Anatomy of Flowering Plants

This question will help you understand an important part of the chapter and is useful for exam practice.

Question 1: Passage cells are thin-walled cells found in

Options

1- Endodermis of roots facilitates the rapid transport of water from the cortex to the pericycle

2- Phloem elements that serve as entry points for substances for transport to other plant parts

3- Testa of seeds to enable the emergence of the growing embryonic axis during seed germination

4- Central region of style through which the pollen tube grows towards the ovary

Answer:

In roots, the innermost layer of the cortex is known as the endodermis, which is an important regulating layer in the movement of water and nutrients. Some endodermal cells, opposite the xylem patches, are thin-walled and are termed passage cells or transfusion cells. These passage cells can perform direct transfers of water and dissolved salts from the cortex to the xylem, thus allowing direct transport to the vascular system and thence to the pericycle, which then allows for distribution throughout the plant.

Hence, the correct answer is option (1), endodermis of roots facilitating rapid transport of water from cortex to pericycle.

Approach to Solve Questions of Class 11 Chapter 6

To solve questions effectively from this chapter, students can follow the steps provided below:

  • Understand the organization, types, and functions of meristematic and permanent tissue, as well as complex tissue (xylem, phloem).
  • Practice labeled diagrams of transverse sections of monocot and dicot roots, stems, and leaves, which will come in handy for theory questions and diagram questions.
  • Compare monocot and dicot structure charts based on vascular bundle pattern, ground tissue, pith, and the presence of cambium.
  • Understand dicot stem secondary growth in detail, annual ring formation, and sapwood and heartwood, with a clear explanation.
  • Solve previous-year questions to get familiar with the question pattern and gain confidence to score better marks in the exam.
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Check the NCERT Books and NCERT Syllabus here:

What Extra Should Students Study Beyond the NCERT for NEET?

Below is a table highlighting the most important topics from the chapter that students should focus on for NEET preparation beyond the NCERT.

TopicsNEET NCERT
Introduction to the Plant Anatomy✅✅
Meristematic Tissues or Meristems✅✅
Classification of Meristematic Tissues✅✅
Shoot Apex and the Theories related to Shoot Apex☐☐
Specialised Junctions between Epithelial Cells☐☐
Theories related with Root Apex☐☐
Permanent Tissues✅✅
Simple Permanent Tissues: Parenchyma✅✅
Simple Permanent Tissues: Collenchyma✅✅
Simple Permanent Tissues: Sclerenchyma Fibres✅✅
Simple Permanent Tissues: Sclerenchyma Sclereids☐☐
Elements of Xylem - Tracheids and Vessels✅✅
Glandular Epithelium✅✅
Elements of Xylem - Xylem Fibres and Xylem Parenchyma✅☐
Components of Phloem - Sieve tubes and Companion Cells✅✅
Components of Phloem - Phloem Fibres and Phloem Parenchyma✅✅
SUMMARY - Internal Structure of Dicot Stem Showing Primary Growth✅✅
SUMMARY - Internal Structure of Monocot Stem Showing Primary Growth✅✅
SUMMARY - Internal Structure of Dicot Root Showing Primary Growth✅✅
SUMMARY - Internal Structure of Monocot Root Showing Primary Growth✅✅
Secondary Growth✅✅
Secondary Growth in Intrastelar Region of Dicot Stem✅✅
Secondary Growth in Intrastelar Region of Dicot Stem - Annual Rings✅✅
Secondary Growth in Intrastelar Region of Dicot Stem - Heartwood and Sapwood✅✅


Chapter Wise NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology

Check out the chapter-wise solutions to help you understand the concepts better and improve your exam preparation.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 1 Biology The Living World

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 2 Biology Biological Classification

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 3 Biology Plant Kingdom

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 4 Biology Animal Kingdom

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 5 Biology Morphology of Flowering Plants

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 6 Biology Anatomy of Flowering Plants

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 7 Biology Structural Organisation in Animals

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 8 Biology Cell: The Unit of Life

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 9 Biology Biomolecules

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 10 Biology Cell Cycle and Cell Division

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 11 Biology Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 12 Biology Respiration in Plants

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 13 Biology Plant Growth and Development

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 14 Biology Breathing and Exchange of Gases

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 15 Biology Body Fluids and Circulation

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 16 Biology Excretory Products and their Elimination

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 17 Biology Locomotion and Movement

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 18 Biology Neural Control and Coordination

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 19 Biology Chemical Coordination and Integration


Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What are the key topics covered in NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 6?

Important Topics in NCERT Solutions of Class 11 Biology Chapter 6

  • Meristematic and permanent types of plant tissues.
  • Monocot and dicot root and stem anatomy.
  • Structure of vascular bundles.
  • Secondary plant growth.
  • Structure of stomatal apparatus and leaves.
2. How can I download the NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 6 PDF?

Step by Step Procedure for Downloading NCERT Solutions of Class 11 Biology Chapter 6 PDF

  • Go to the official website of NCERT or educational websites.
  • Search for NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology.
  • Download the PDF for Chapter 6 for free.
3. What are the types of tissues in flowering plants according to NCERT Class 11 Biology?

Types of Tissues in Flowering Plants (NCERT Class 11 Biology)
Meristematic Tissues – helps in plant development by dividing continuously.
Permanent Tissues – Do not divide, give support and function.
Simple Permanent Tissues: Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma.
Complex Permanent Tissues: Xylem and Phloem.

4. What is the difference between monocot and dicot stem anatomy?

Difference Between Monocot and Dicot Stem Anatomy
Monocot Stem:

  • Vascular bundles are scattered.
  • No cambium, no secondary growth.
    Dicot Stem:
  • Vascular bundles are in a ring.
  • Has cambium, undergoes secondary growth.
5. What are the different types of vascular bundles explained in NCERT Class 11 Biology?

Types of Vascular Bundles (NCERT Class 11 Biology)

  • Radial – Xylem and phloem in different bundles (roots).
  • Conjoint – Xylem and phloem in the same bundle (stems & leaves).
  • Collateral – Xylem within, phloem without (stems).
  • Bicollateral – Phloem on each side of xylem.
  • Closed – No cambium, no secondary growth.
  • Open – Has cambium, can grow secondarily.
6. What is secondary growth in plants, and why is it important?
  • Secondary growth adds thickness to stems and roots.
  • It occurs because of vascular cambium and cork cambium.
  • Important for strength, support, and conduction of water.
7. What are simple and complex permanent tissues in flowering plants?

Simple and Complex Permanent Tissues in Flowering Plants

  • Simple Permanent Tissues: Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma.
  • Complex Permanent Tissues: Xylem and Phloem (transport tissues).
8. How is the anatomy of the root different from the anatomy of the stem?

Difference Between Root and Stem Anatomy
Root Anatomy:

  • Xylem in a star shape (dicot) or ring (monocot).
  • Contains root hairs for absorption.

Stem Anatomy:

  • Vascular bundles in a ring (dicot) or scattered (monocot).
  • Supports leaves and conducts nutrients.
9. What is the function of the cambium in plant growth?

Role of Cambium in the Growth of the Plant

  • The vascular cambium forms new phloem and xylem, adding thickness.
  • Cork cambium gives rise to the cork for defense.
  • A requisite for secondary growth.
10. How do you differentiate between open and closed vascular bundles?

Open Vascular Bundles: Have cambium, permit secondary growth (dicots).
Closed Vascular Bundles: No cambium, no secondary growth (monocots).

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