ALLEN Coaching
ApplyRegister for ALLEN Scholarship Test & get up to 90% Scholarship
NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Chemical Coordination and Integration
Edited By Irshad Anwar | Updated on Apr 28, 2025 12:28 PM IST
The human body works effectively because of coordination among various organs. In contrast to the nervous system, which is based on electrical impulses, it is responsible for the function of hormones in communication. These are secreted by endocrine glands that control the process of metabolism, growth, reproduction, and other important processes. Chapter 19 Biology NCERT Solutions for Class 11 explains how glands coordinate to achieve homeostasis.
New: Get up to 90% Scholarship on NEET/JEE Coaching from top Coaching Institutes
NEET Scholarship Test Kit (Class 11): Narayana | Physics Wallah | Aakash | ALLEN
Browse: NEET papers with solutions | Most scoring concepts for NEET
This Story also Contains
- Biology Chemical Coordination and Integration Class 11 NCERT Solutions PDF
- NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 19: Solved Exercise Questions
- Most Important Questions of of Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Chemical Coordination and Integration
- Approach to solve Questions of NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 19
- What Extra Should Students Study Beyond the NCERT for NEET?
- NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapterwise
Chemical Coordination and Integration chapter describes how the human body achieves balance with the help of hormones. This chapter deals with the endocrine system, glands, and functions of hormones. With Chapter 19 Class 11 NCERT Solutions, one can learn how chemical messengers control body functions. It gives a systematic way of learning this subject and scoring well in exams.
Biology Chemical Coordination and Integration Class 11 NCERT Solutions PDF
The NCERT Solutions in PDF format are given below.
Also Read
- NCERT Notes for Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Chemical Coordination and Integration
- NCERT Exemplar for Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Chemical Coordination and Integration
NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 19: Solved Exercise Questions
The detailed Exercise questions with solutions are given below:
(a) Exocrine gland
Answer:
Exocrine gland-
The glands which discharge their secretions into ducts are known as exocrine glands. Examples of exocrine glands include the sebaceous gland in the skin, the salivary gland in the buccal cavity, etc.
(b) Endocrine gland
Answer:
Endocrine glands-
The glands which do not discharge their secretions into ducts are known as endocrine glands. These glands discharge their secretions directly into the blood. Examples of endocrine glands include Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, etc.
(c) Hormone
Answer:
Hormones-
The hormones are chemical messengers that regulate physiological processes in living organisms. They act upon specific cells/tissues/organs.
Q2. Diagrammatically indicate the location of the various endocrine glands in our body.
Answer:
The location of the various endocrine glands in our body is depicted below
Q3. List the hormones secreted by the following:
(a) Hypothalamus
Answer:
The hormones secreted by the hypothalamus are divided into two groups
(1) Releasing hormones: These include gonadotropin-releasing hormone, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, somatotropin-releasing hormone, adrenocorticotrophin-releasing hormone
(2) Inhibiting hormones: These include somatostatin, growth-inhibiting hormone, melanocyte-inhibiting hormone
Q3. List the hormones secreted by the following:
(b) Pituitary
Answer:
The pituitary gland has two components i.e., adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis.
Hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis are growth hormone (GH), prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
Hormones secreted by the neurohypophysis are oxytocin and vasopressin
Q3. List the hormones secreted by the following: (c) Thyroid
Answer:
Thyroid gland- The thyroid gland secretes three hormones namely, thyroxin, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by the following:
(d) Parathyroid
Answer:
Parathyroid- It secretes parathyroid hormone
Q3. List the hormones secreted by the following:
(e) Adrenal
Answer:
Adrenal gland - The adrenal gland is divided into two parts, the outer adrenal cortex and the inner adrenal medulla.
Hormones of the adrenal cortex include aldosterone and cortisol.
Hormones of the adrenal medulla are adrenaline and nor-adrenaline.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by the following:
(f) Pancreas
Answer:
Pancreas: Hormones secreted by the pancreas are insulin and glucagon.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by the following:
(g) Testis
Answer:
Testis: The hormone secreted by the testis is testosterone.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by the following:
(h) Ovary
Answer:
Ovary: The hormone secreted by the ovary includes estrogen and progesterone.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by the following:
(i) Thymus
Answer:
Thymus: Hormones secreted by the thymus are thymosins.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by the following:
(j) Atrium
Answer:
Atrium: The walls of the atrium secrete atrial natriuretic factor.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by the following:
(k) Kidney
Answer:
Kidney: The hormone secreted by the kidney is erythropoietin.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by the following:
(l) G-I Tract
Answer:
G-l tract- The hormones secreted by the G-l tract are Gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK), and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP).
Q4. Fill in the blanks:
Hormones Target gland
(a) Hypothalamic hormones __________________
(b) Thyrotrophin (TSH) __________________
(c) Corticotrophin (ACTH) __________________
(d) Gonadotrophins (LH, FSH) __________________
(e) Melanotrophin (MSH) __________________
Answer:
Hormones Target gland
(a) Hypothalamic hormones Pituitary gland
(b) Thyrotrophin (TSH) Thyroid gland
(c) Corticotrophin (ACTH) Adrenal cortex
(d) Gonadotrophins (LH, FSH) Testis and ovaries
(e) Melanotrophin (MSH) Pigment cells of the dermis of the skin
Q5. Write short notes on the functions of the following hormones:
(a) Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Answer:
Function of Parathyroid hormone (PTH):
- The parathyroid hormone maintains the calcium levels in the body.
- It increases the calcium levels of the blood.
- It stimulates bone resorption which demineralises bones increasing blood calcium levels.
- It also stimulates calcium absorption by renal tubules and from the digested food.
Q5. Write short notes on the functions of the following hormones:
(b) Thyroid hormone
Answer:
Functions of Thyroid hormones are given below:
Thyroxine/tetraiodothyronine (T4):
- It regulates the basal metabolic rate (BMR).
- It regulates body growth such as the ossification of bones and mental development.
- It controls body weight.
- It also controls tissue differentiation and metamorphosis of the tadpole larva into an adult frog.
- It suppresses RBC formation.
Tri-iodothyronine (T3):
- It increases the body's oxygen and energy consumption.
- It increases the heart rate and force of contraction which increases the cardiac output.
Q5. Write short notes on the functions of the following hormones:
(c) Thymosin
Answer:
The function of Thymosins is given below:
- Thymosin stimulates the differentiation of T-lymphocytes and provides cell-mediated immunity.
- It promotes the production of antibodies to provide humoral immunity.
- It also stimulates the rate of cell division in kids and hence promotes growth.
Q5. Write short notes on the functions of the following hormones:
(d) Androgens
Answer:
The functions of Androgens are given below:
Testosterone:
- Testosterone helps in the maturation of sperm.
- It stimulates the growth and development of the male reproductive system.
- It stimulates the development of secondary sexual characteristics such as beard and moustache.
- It produces anabolic effects on protein and carbohydrate metabolism.
Androsterone:
It affects the masculinisation of the foetus and child and maintains or creates masculine traits in adults.
Q5. Write short notes on the functions of the following hormones:
(e) Estrogen
Answer:
The primary function of estrogens is the development of female secondary sexual characteristics. These include breasts, endometrium, regulation of the menstrual cycle, etc. In males, estrogen helps in the maturation of the sperm and the maintenance of a healthy libido.
Q5. Write short notes on the functions of the following hormones:
(f) Insulin and Glucagon
Answer:
The functions of Insulin and Glucagon are given below:
Insulin:
- It plays a major role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis.
- It acts on hepatocytes and adipocytes.
- It stimulates the transport of glucose from the blood to muscle.
- It promotes the oxidation of glucose and the conversion of glucose to glycogen, i.e. glycogenesis, resulting in hypoglycemia.
Glucagon:
- It plays a major role in the maintenance of normal blood glucose levels.
- It acts on hepatocytes and stimulates the conversion of glycogen into glucose.
- It also stimulates the process of gluconeogenesis, i.e. the conversion of non-carbohydrate substances such as fats and proteins to glucose.
(a) Hyperglycemic hormone and hypoglycemic hormone
Answer:
Hyperglycemic hormone - glucagon
Hypoglycemic hormone - insulin
(c) Gonadotrophic hormone
Answer:
Luteinising hormone (LH)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
(f) Androgens and estrogens
Answer:
Androgens : Testosterone and androsterone
Estrogens : β-oestradiol
Q7. Which hormonal deficiency is responsible for the following:
(a) Diabetes Mellitus
Answer:
Insufficient secretion of insulin is responsible.
Q7. Which hormonal deficiency is responsible for the following:
(b) Goitre
Answer:
Insufficient secretion of thyroxin is responsible.
Q7. Which hormonal deficiency is responsible for the following:
(c) Cretinism
Answer:
Insufficient secretion of thyroxine is responsible.
Q8. Briefly mention the mechanism of action of FSH.
Answer:
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone. It is insoluble in lipids and hence cannot enter the target cell. This hormone binds to the cell surface and activates cellular systems to perform functions.
Steps in the action of FSH:
- A molecule of FSH binds to the receptor protein present on the cell surface and forms the hormone-receptor complex.
- The formation of a hormone-receptor complex activates the enzyme adenyl cyclase.
- Adenyl cyclase converts ATP into cyclic AMP (cAMP) as a second messenger.
- cAMP activates the follicular cells of membrane granulose to secrete estrogens.
Q9. Match the following:
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
| (a) T4 | (i) Hypothalamus |
| (b) PTH | (ii) Thyroid |
| (c) GnRH | (iii) Pituitary |
| (d) LH | (iv) Parathyroid |
Answer:
| (a) T4 | (ii) Thyroid |
| (b) PTH | (iv) Parathyroid |
| (c) GnRH | (i) Hypothalamus |
| (d) LH | (iii) Pituitary |
| Column I | Column II |
|---|
Most Important Questions of of Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Chemical Coordination and Integration
Below are a few solved practice questions:
Q1. Name few organs in mammals that consist of a central 'medullary' region surrounded by a cortical region?
Answer:
Ovary, adrenal glands and kidneys have a central 'medullary' region surrounded by a cortical region.
Q2. Which gland secretes cortisol?
Answer:
Adrenal Gland secretes Glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids include three main hormones: cortisol (= hydrocortisone), corticosterone, and cortisone. Cortisol is the most abundant (about 95%). It stimulates the liver to synthesize carbohydrates from non-carbohydrates such as amino acids and glycerol.
Q3. In the mechanism of action of a protein hormone, what is one of the second messengers?
Answer:
Hormones that react with membrane-bound receptors and generally do not enter the target cell, but create second messengers (Cyclic AMP, IP3, Ca++, etc).
Hormones produce their effects on target tissues by binding to specific proteins called hormone receptors located in the target tissues only.The hormone-receptor complex induces the release of GDP from the G protein.The α- subunit bearing GTP separates from the combined β and у subunits. The β and у subunits do not separate from each other. The activated β and γ subunits of G protein activate adenyl cyclase. The activated adenyl cyclase catalyzes the formation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) from ATP.The hormone is called the first messenger and cAMP is termed the second messenger.
Q4. Mary is about to face an interview. But during the first five minutes before the interview she experiences sweating, increased rate of heartbeat, respiration, etc. Which hormone is responsible for her restlessness?
Answer:
Often referred to as stress hormones, adrenaline, and noradrenaline may be the cause of restlessness. Large amounts of epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) are released into the bloodstream when sympathetic nerves are stimulated to the adrenal medulla.
Q5. Which hormone is secreted by posterior pituitary gland?
Answer:
Oxytocin is produced by the posterior pituitary gland.
Check NCERT Books and NCERT Syllabus here:
- NCERT Books Class 11 Biology
- NCERT Syllabus Class 11 Biology
- NCERT Books Class 11
- NCERT Syllabus Class 11
NEET/JEE Offline Coaching
Get up to 90% Scholarship on your NEET/JEE preparation from India’s Leading Coaching Institutes like Aakash, ALLEN, Sri Chaitanya & Others.
Apply NowApproach to solve Questions of NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 19
To solve the textbook questions effectively, one needs to understand the concepts clearly first. The chapter has certain key terms, such as the need of endocrine system and human endocrine system. Making notes of the chapter is really important, highlighting all the important points and terms. The Chemical Coordination and Integration NCERT Solutions have all the solved exercise questions, with to-the-point answers and necessary information. Finally, one should practice these solutions to have an overall idea of the chapter and build confidence before the exams.
NCERT Solutions for Class 11 - Subjectwise
| NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths |
| NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chemistry |
| NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics |
What Extra Should Students Study Beyond the NCERT for NEET?
Studying concepts beyond the NCERT will definitely help in attaining conceptual clarity and will help answer application-based questions, especially for competitive exams or school exams. Some extra concepts that can be studied are:
Topics | NEET | NCERT |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ✅ | |
✅ | ? | |
✅ | ✅ |
NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapterwise
Below mentioned are the Chapterwise solutions:
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. What is Chemical Coordination and Integration in Class 11 Biology?
Chemical coordination and integration are the use of hormones in regulating body functions. It is regulated by the endocrine system, which releases hormones to provide balance and coordination in the body.
2. How does the endocrine system regulate chemical coordination in humans?
The endocrine system controls chemical coordination by secreting hormones into the blood. The hormones affect specific organs and regulate functions such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
3. What are the major endocrine glands discussed in NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 19?
The chief endocrine glands are the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas, and gonads (testes and ovaries). All these glands release certain hormones that help in maintaining body functions.
4. Explain the role of hormones in chemical coordination.
Hormones are chemical messengers that regulate numerous body functions. They decide metabolism, growth, reproduction, response to stress, and homeostasis by communicating with target cells.
5. What is the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?
Exocrine glands secrete their products through ducts, such as digestive enzymes and sweat. Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream without ducts.
6. How does the hypothalamus control the pituitary gland?
The hypothalamus regulates the pituitary gland through the release of hormones that stimulate or suppress pituitary hormone secretion. It serves as a connection between the nervous and endocrine systems.
7. What is the function of thyroid hormones in human metabolism?
Thyroid hormones, primarily thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), control metabolism, energy production, and growth. They regulate body temperature and fat and protein metabolism.
8. How does insulin regulate blood sugar levels?
Insulin decreases blood sugar by stimulating glucose to enter cells. It stores the excess glucose in the liver as glycogen and inhibits a rise in blood sugar.
9. What are the major disorders caused by hormonal imbalance?
Disorders resulting from hormonal imbalance include diabetes (caused by the lack of insulin), hypothyroidism (thyroid hormones are below normal), hyperthyroidism (thyroid hormones are in excess), and gigantism (growth hormone in excess).
10. How does the feedback mechanism regulate hormonal secretion?
The feedback mechanism regulates hormone balance by regulating secretion levels. In negative feedback, excessive hormone levels suppress further release, whereas in positive feedback, hormone production is increased until a process is finished.
Also Read
Articles
Upcoming School Exams
Admit Card Date:17 April,2025 - 17 May,2025
Admit Card Date:06 May,2025 - 20 May,2025
Popular Questions
A block of mass 0.50 kg is moving with a speed of 2.00 ms-1 on a smooth surface. It strikes another mass of 1.00 kg and then they move together as a single body. The energy loss during the collision is
| Option 1)
|
Option 2)
|
| Option 3)
|
Option 4)
|
An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated to be in the range
| Option 1)
|
Option 2)
|
| Option 3)
|
Option 4)
|
A particle is projected at 600 to the horizontal with a kinetic energy . The kinetic energy at the highest point
| Option 1)
|
Option 2)
|
| Option 3)
|
Option 4)
|
In the reaction,
| Option 1)
|
Option 2)
|
| Option 3)
|
Option 4)
|
How many moles of magnesium phosphate, will contain 0.25 mole of oxygen atoms?
| Option 1)
0.02 |
Option 2)
3.125 × 10-2 |
| Option 3)
1.25 × 10-2 |
Option 4)
2.5 × 10-2 |
Colleges After 12th
Popular Course After 12th
Study Resources, Applications and Opportunities
NEET/JEE Coaching Scholarship
ApplyGet up to 90% Scholarship on Offline NEET/JEE coaching from top Institutes
NEET Most scoring concepts
Get nowThis ebook serves as a valuable study guide for NEET 2025 exam.
NEET Previous 10 Year Questions
Get nowThis e-book offers NEET PYQ and serves as an indispensable NEET study material.
JEE Main Important Physics formulas
Get nowAs per latest 2024 syllabus. Physics formulas, equations, & laws of class 11 & 12th chapters
JEE Main Important Chemistry formulas
Get nowAs per latest 2024 syllabus. Chemistry formulas, equations, & laws of class 11 & 12th chapters
News and Notifications
Back to top