The NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Chemical Coordination and Integration explain about hormones. Hormones play a very important role in the human body as they maintain balance by controlling functions such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Unlike the nervous system, which communicates through electrical impulses, the endocrine system communicates by releasing hormones. Doing regular practice with the NCERT solutions helps students build a strong foundation in the subject.
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The Chemical Coordination and Integration class 11 question answer includes how the human body achieves balance through hormones. With the help of well-labelled diagrams, students can understand the endocrine glands such as the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, and pancreas in detail. This is an important chapter for school exams and competitive exams like NEET. Students can study directly from these solutions as they follow the NCERT guidelines, which makes these resources reliable.
Download the PDF given below to easily learn the answers related to hormones and their functions. The Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Chemical Coordination and Integration question answer will help students revise faster and understand key concepts clearly. The NCERT Class 11 Solutions are prepared by subject experts and help in improving the performance of the students.
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The solved exercise questions provided below help students understand how the endocrine system functions. It also explains how hormones regulate various activities in the human body. Studying through the Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Chemical Coordination and Integration question answer allows students to understand each concept clearly.
Q1. Define
(a) Exocrine gland
Answer:
Exocrine gland-
The glands that discharge their secretions into ducts are known as exocrine glands. Examples of exocrine glands include the sebaceous gland in the skin, the salivary gland in the buccal cavity, etc.
(b) Endocrine gland
Answer:
Endocrine glands-
The glands that do not discharge their secretions into ducts are known as endocrine glands. These glands discharge their secretions directly into the blood. Examples of endocrine glands include the Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, etc.
Q1. Define
(c) Hormone
Answer:
Hormones-
The hormones are chemical messengers that regulate physiological processes in living organisms. They act upon specific cells/tissues/organs.
Answer:
The location of the various endocrine glands in our body is depicted below.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by
(a) Hypothalamus
Answer:
The hormones secreted by the hypothalamus are divided into two groups
(1) Releasing hormones: These include gonadotropin-releasing hormone, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, somatotropin-releasing hormone, and adrenocorticotropin-releasing hormone
(2) Inhibiting hormones: These include somatostatin, growth-inhibiting hormone, and melanocyte-inhibiting hormone
Q3. List the hormones secreted by
(b) Pituitary
Answer:
The pituitary gland has two components, i.e., adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis.
Hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis are growth hormone (GH), prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
Hormones secreted by the neurohypophysis are oxytocin and vasopressin
Q3. List the hormones secreted by
(c) Thyroid
Answer:
Thyroid gland- The thyroid gland secretes three hormones, namely, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by
(d) Parathyroid
Answer:
Parathyroid Gland- It secretes parathyroid hormone
Q3. List the hormones secreted by
(e) Adrenal
Answer:
Adrenal gland - The adrenal gland is divided into two parts, the outer adrenal cortex and the inner adrenal medulla.
Hormones of the adrenal cortex include aldosterone and cortisol.
Hormones of the adrenal medulla are adrenaline and noradrenaline.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by
(f) Pancreas
Answer:
Pancreas: Hormones secreted by the pancreas are insulin and glucagon.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by
(g) Testis
Answer:
Testis: The hormone secreted by the testis is testosterone.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by
(h) Ovary
Answer:
Ovary: The hormone secreted by the ovary includes estrogen and progesterone.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by
(i) Thymus
Answer:
Thymus: Hormones secreted by the thymus are thymosins.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by
(j) Atrium
Answer:
Atrium: The walls of the atrium secrete atrial natriuretic factor.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by
(k) Kidney
Answer:
Kidney: The hormone secreted by the kidney is erythropoietin.
Q3. List the hormones secreted by
(l) G-I Tract
Answer:
G-I tract- The hormones secreted by the G-I tract are Gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK), and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP).
Hormones Target gland
(a) Hypothalamic hormones __________________
(b) Thyrotropin (TSH) __________________
(c) Corticotropin (ACTH) __________________
(d) Gonadotrophins (LH, FSH) __________________
(e) Melanotrophin (MSH) __________________
Answer:
Hormones Target gland
(a) Hypothalamic hormones Pituitary gland
(b) Thyrotropin (TSH) Thyroid gland
(c) Corticotropin (ACTH) Adrenal cortex
(d) Gonadotrophins (LH, FSH) Testis and ovaries
(e) Melanotrophin (MSH) Pigment cells of the dermis of the skin
Q5. Write short notes on the function of
Answer:
Function of Parathyroid hormone (PTH):
Q5. Write short notes on the function of
(b) Thyroid hormone
Answer:
The functions of Thyroid hormones are given below:
Thyroxine/tetraiodothyronine (T4):
Tri-iodothyronine (T3):
Q5. Write short notes on the function of
(c) Thymosin
Answer:
The function of Thymosins is given below:
Q5. Write short notes on the function of
(d) Androgens
Answer:
The functions of Androgens are given below:
Testosterone:
Androsterone (Weaker androgen):
It affects the masculinisation of the foetus and child and maintains or creates masculine traits in adults.
Q5. Write short notes on the function of
(e) Estrogen
Answer:
The primary function of estrogens is the development of female secondary sexual characteristics. These include breasts, endometrium, and the regulation of the menstrual cycle, etc. In males, estrogen helps in the maturation of the sperm and the maintenance of a healthy libido.
Q5. Write short notes on the function of
Answer:
The functions of Insulin and Glucagon are given below:
Insulin:
Glucagon:
Q6. Give example(s) of
(a) Hyperglycemic hormone and hypoglycemic hormone
Answer:
Hyperglycemic hormone - glucagon
Hypoglycemic hormone - insulin
Q6. Give example(s) of
Answer:
Luteinising hormone (LH)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Q6. Give example(s) of
Answer:
Androgens: Testosterone and androsterone
Estrogens : β-oestradiol
Q7. Which hormonal deficiency is responsible for
Answer:
Insufficient secretion of insulin is responsible.
Q7. Which hormonal deficiency is responsible for the
(b) Goitre
Answer:
Insufficient secretion of thyroxine is responsible.
Q7. Which hormonal deficiency is responsible for the
(c) Cretinism
Answer:
Insufficient secretion of thyroxine is responsible.
Answer:
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone. It is insoluble in lipids and hence cannot enter the target cell. This hormone binds to the cell surface and activates cellular systems to perform functions.
Steps in the action of FSH:
Column I | Column II |
---|---|
(a) T4 | (i) Hypothalamus |
(b) PTH | (ii) Thyroid |
(c) GnRH | (iii) Pituitary |
(d) LH | (iv) Parathyroid |
Answer:
Column I | Column II |
(a) T4 | (ii) Thyroid |
(b) PTH | (iv) Parathyroid |
(c) GnRH | (i) Hypothalamus |
(d) LH | (iii) Pituitary |
NCERT Solutions for Class 11: Subject-wise
To solve the textbook questions effectively, one needs to understand the concepts first. The chapter has terms, such as the endocrine system and the human endocrine system. The Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Chemical Coordination and Integration question answer includes all the to-the-point answers and necessary information. Making notes of the chapter is really important, highlighting all the important points. Finally, one should practice the NCERT Solutions Class 11 Biology to have an overall idea and build confidence before the exams.
Check NCERT Books and NCERT Syllabus here:
Hormones play a major role in controlling various functions in our body, from growth to metabolism. The question below highlights important topics that are often asked in exams. For more different types of questions, students can depend on the NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Chemical Coordination and Integration.
Question: The biomolecule that cannot act as a chemical messenger [hormone] is
Options:
Answer: The correct answer is option 4) Carbohydrates.
Explanation:
Carbohydrates cannot act as chemical messengers or hormones. Proteins, steroids, and fatty acids are all examples of biomolecules that can act as hormones or chemical messengers. Proteins can act as hormones, such as insulin and growth hormone, while steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol and include hormones such as testosterone and cortisol. Fatty acids can also act as hormones, such as prostaglandins.
The chapter explains how different endocrine glands and hormones regulate various functions in the human body. Apart from this, students explore many interesting facts through these solutions, which are given below:
Students learn about the structure and function of endocrine glands such as the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, and gonads.
The Chemical Coordination and Integration NCERT Solutions describe the hormonal disorders like diabetes, hypothyroidism, and Addison’s disease.
The mechanism of hormone action and how hormones regulate metabolism, growth, reproduction, and stress response are explained.
The Chemical Coordination and Integration class 11 question answer helps students know topics like the hypothalamus, pineal gland, and the role of feedback control in hormone secretion.
Students also understand about special hormones secreted by the placenta, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract that contribute to body regulation.
Studying concepts beyond the NCERT will help in answering application-based questions. Referring to the Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Chemical Coordination and Integration Solutions improve the performance in competitive exams or school exams. Some extra concepts that can be studied are:
Below are the chapter-wise solutions:
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Hormones are chemical messengers that regulate numerous body functions. They decide metabolism, growth, reproduction, response to stress, and homeostasis by communicating with target cells.
Disorders resulting from hormonal imbalance include diabetes (caused by the lack of insulin), hypothyroidism (thyroid hormones are below normal), hyperthyroidism (thyroid hormones are in excess), and gigantism (growth hormone in excess).
The endocrine system controls chemical coordination by secreting hormones into the blood as explained in Chemical Coordination and Integration Class 11 Solutions. The hormones affect specific organs and regulate functions such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
The chief endocrine glands discussed in Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Solutions are the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas, and gonads (testes and ovaries). All these glands release certain hormones that help in maintaining body functions.
Chemical coordination and integration are the use of hormones in regulating body functions. It is regulated by the endocrine system, which releases hormones to provide balance and coordination in the body.
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