NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 How do Organisms Reproduce?

As per the CBSE Syllabus 2025–26, this chapter has been renumbered as Chapter 7.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 help students who wish to perform well in their CBSE exam. It helps students compare their answers with sample answers, making it easier to understand what is required. This chapter discusses how living organisms reproduce and why they must do so. Students will learn in this chapter two major modes of reproduction: sexual and asexual. Asexual reproduction is one parent and activities such as budding and fission. Sexual reproduction is the participation of two parents and a fusion of the male and female cells. The NCERT Solutions are an effective tool for learning the topic of reproduction in organisms.

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Suggested: NCERT Class 10 Science: Chapterwise Important Formulas, Diagrams, and Points

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1. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 How do Organisms Reproduce - Download PDF
2. Detailed Answers to Science NCERT Class 10 Chapter 7: How do Organisms Reproduce? (Intext Questions)
3. Access Answers to NCERT Solutions Class 10 Science Chapter 7 How do Organisms Reproduce (Chapter-End Exercise)
4. Overview of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7
5. How do Organisms Reproduce? Class 10 NCERT Solutions - Weightage in Board Exams
6. Topics and Subtopics of Class 10 Science Chapter 7
7. Important diagrams in Class 10 Science Chapter 7
8. Practice Questions of Chapter 7 How do Organisms Reproduce?
9. CBSE NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science - Chapter-wise

Detailed answers in the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science are given so students can compare their answers to the sample responses. These solutions are prepared by professionals who provide basic explanations and are easy to understand. They help students to understand the main ideas and prepare well for their examinations.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 How do Organisms Reproduce - Download PDF

The downloadable PDF of the questions with detailed answers is given below :

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• How do Organisms Reproduce? NCERT Exemplar Solutions

Detailed Answers to Science NCERT Class 10 Chapter 7: How do Organisms Reproduce? (Intext Questions)

Clear and well-explained solutions to all the intext questions to help you understand the concepts more easily and improve your exam preparation are provided below:

Topic 7.1 Do organisms create exact copies of themselves

Page Number 114

Q. 1. What is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction?

Answer:

The importance of DNA replication in reproduction is as follows:

1. It allows offspring to inherit traits from their parents.

2. It helps keep the species' characteristics the same over time.

3. It produces variation within a species, which is critical for adapting and evolving.

Q. 2. Why is variation beneficial to the species but not necessarily for the individual?

Answer:

Variation is useful to a species as it allows some individuals to adapt to changes in their environment, which helps the survival of the species. As an example, if there were an outbreak of disease, those with genetic resistance would be able to survive and reproduce. Variation, though, is not always profitable to an individual, as certain differences could make survival more difficult for some organisms.

Topic 7.2 - Modes of Reproduction Used by Single Organisms

Page Number 119

Q. 1. How does binary fission differ from multiple fission?

Answer:

The difference between binary fission and multiple fission are given below:

Q. 2. How will an organism be benefited if it reproduces through spores?

Answer:

Spore reproduction is a successful mode of survival and spreading in unfavourable conditions.

• Spores can resist extreme conditions because of the covering walls.

• They spread conveniently over distances, enabling the organism to grow in new areas.

Q. 3. Can you think of reasons why more complex organisms cannot give rise to new individuals through regeneration?

Answer:

Regeneration is common in simpler organisms but is limited in complex organisms because of their body structure.

• Complex organisms have specialized cells and tissues that make regeneration difficult.

• Simpler organisms with less specialized systems can regenerate whole individuals more easily.

Q. 4. Why is vegetative propagation practised for growing some types of plants?

Answer:

Vegetative propagation is a method of asexual reproduction used in plant cultivation of desirable traits on an economic scale.

• It guarantees rapid growth and retains the traits of the parent plant.

• It can be used for crops that have improved yield or disease resistance.

Q. 5. Why is DNA copying an essential part of the process of reproduction?

Answer:

DNA replication ensures the passing on of genetic information during reproduction for species continuity and adjustment.

• It makes children inherit traits from parents, making species characteristics consistent.

• Mutations in DNA replication help species adapt and evolve with changing environments.

Topic 7.3 - Sexual reproduction

Page Number 126

Q. 1. How is the process of pollination different from fertilisation?

Answer:

Fertilization and pollination are the two most important processes of plant reproduction. Pollination is the movement of pollen, whereas fertilization is gamete fusion.

• Pollination: Movement of the pollen grains from the male element (anther) to the female element (stigma) of a flower.

• Fertilization: Male and female gamete fusion, resulting in the formation of a zygote, which is a process after pollination.

Q. 2. What is the role of the seminal vesicles and the prostate gland?

Answer:

The prostate gland and seminal vesicles are significant in male reproduction due to their role in secreting fluids that support and carry sperm.

• Seminal Vesicles: Secrete a sweet fluid that gives energy to sperm and aids in semen development.

• Prostate Gland: Produces a fluid that assists in sperm protection and stimulation and adds to semen volume.

Q. 3. What are the changes seen in girls at the time of puberty?

Answer:

Puberty results in various physical and emotional modifications in women as they grow into adults.

• Breast development and broader hips, mark sexual maturity.

• Menstruation occurs, marking the onset of reproductive ability.

Q. 4. How does the embryo get nourishment inside the mother’s body?

Answer:

The embryo is supported by the placenta, which links it to the mother's bloodstream.

• The placenta enables the passage of nutrients and oxygen from the mother to the embryo and the evacuation of waste materials.

• It sustains the growth of the embryo during pregnancy.

Q. 5. If a woman is using a copper-T, will it help in protecting her from sexually transmitted diseases?

Answer:

A copper-T is an intrauterine device (IUD) for contraception but does not offer protection against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

• It works by making the environment not conducive to sperm but does not close off infection.

• Further protection, like condoms, is required to minimize the risk of STDs.

Access Answers to NCERT Solutions Class 10 Science Chapter 7 How do Organisms Reproduce (Chapter-End Exercise)

Here are the step-by-step solutions to all the chapter-end exercise questions, that help in revising the concepts thoroughly and easily.

Exercises Page no: 127

Q. 1. Asexual reproduction takes place through budding in

(a) amoeba.
(b) yeast.
(c) plasmodium.
(d) leishmania.

Answer:

Budding is a form of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops from a part of the parent.

The correct answer is Option (b) Yeast.

Q. 2. Which of the following is not a part of the female reproductive system in human beings?

(a) Ovary
(b) Uterus
(c) Vas deferens
(d) Fallopian tube

Answer:

Understanding the components of the female reproductive system is essential for biology.

The correct answer is Option (c) Vas deferens.

Q. 3. The anther contains

(a) sepals.
(b) ovules.
(c) pistil.
(d) pollen grains.

Answer:

The anther is an important part of the flower involved in reproduction.

The correct answer is Option (d) Pollen grains.

Q. 4. What are the advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?

Answer:

Sexual reproduction has several advantages over asexual methods.

• It provides increased genetic diversity and thus increased adaptability to varying environments.

• It can produce healthier populations through the combination of genes and a lesser chance of inherited diseases.

Q. 5. What are the functions performed by the testis in human beings?

Answer:

The testes have important functions in male reproductive health and function.

• They produce sperm cells required for reproduction.

• They secrete hormones, mainly testosterone, which control male characteristics and reproductive functions.

Q. 6. Why does menstruation occur?

Answer:

Menstruation is a natural phenomenon that occurs in women as part of the reproductive cycle.

• It occurs when the uterine lining is shed if there is no fertilization after ovulation.

• The cycle readies the body for a possible pregnancy every month.

Q. 7. Draw a labelled diagram of the longitudinal section of a flower.

Answer:

A labelled diagram of a flower typically includes various parts such as petals, sepals, stamens, and pistils.

Labelled diagram of the longitudinal section of a flower

Q. 8. What are the different methods of contraception?

Answer:

Methods of contraception prevent pregnancy and can be very diverse in method.

• Barrier methods (such as condoms), hormonal methods (such as the pill), and intrauterine devices (IUDs) are a few examples.

• Natural methods involve monitoring ovulation and avoiding sex during fertile times.

Q. 9. How are the modes of reproduction different in unicellular and multicellular organisms?

Answer:

Difference between mode of reproduction in a unicellular and a multicellular organism-

Q. 10. How does reproduction help in providing stability to populations of species?

Answer:

Reproduction is required to sustain healthy species populations over the long term.

• It allows for population growth, which ensures species can survive environmental changes.

• Reproduction also allows for genetic diversity, enhancing adaptability and resistance to disease.

Q. 11. What could be the reasons for adopting contraceptive methods?

Answer:

Individuals use contraceptive methods for different personal and health-related reasons.

• To avoid unwanted pregnancies and control family size based on individual situations.

• To control health problems or prevent pregnancy risks at some stages or conditions of life.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 - Subject-wise Links

• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 - All Subjects

• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapterwise

• Chapter-wise NCERT solutions for class 10 science

Overview of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7

The chapter "How do Organisms Reproduce?" teaches how organisms develop new members to ensure their species' continuity. It discusses two general modes of reproduction: asexual and sexual. There is one parent in asexual reproduction, and the offspring are genetically identical to the parent. It is carried out by processes like fission, budding, spore formation, and vegetative propagation. On the other hand, sexual reproduction takes two parents—a male and a female—and the union of male and female gametes (sperm and egg) to generate offspring that are genetically different from their parents. This process includes the formation of gametes, fertilization, and the development of a zygote into a new organism. The chapter emphasizes the importance of both types of reproduction for the continuation and adaptability of species in nature.

How do Organisms Reproduce? Class 10 NCERT Solutions - Weightage in Board Exams

• This chapter mainly contributes 6 to 8 marks to the total score in the Class 10 Science board exam.

• The frequently asked questions include differences between asexual and sexual reproduction, and functions of reproductive parts, which needs to be thoroughly prepared.

• Diagram-based questions like human reproductive system or budding in yeast are common for the exam, so regular practice is a must.

• 3-mark short answer or 5-mark long answer questions appear in the exam from this chapter.

• This chapter is very high scoring, so clear understanding, practice of diagrams, and regular revision is important.

Topics and Subtopics of Class 10 Science Chapter 7

The chapter is divided into several important topics and subtopics so that the whole concept of reproduction in organisms can be understood completely. The most crucial topics are:

1. Introduction to Reproduction

• Role of reproduction for the survival of a species

• Distinctions between asexual and sexual reproduction

2. Asexual Reproduction

• Binary Fission (Expressed in amoeba and bacteria)

• Budding (Expressed in Hydra and yeast)

• Vegetative Propagation (Expressed in plants such as potatoes and Bryophyllum)

• Fragmentation & Spore Formation (Techniques employed by algae and fungi)

3. Sexual Reproduction

• Description of gametes and fertilization

• Sexual reproduction in flowering plants (pollination, fertilization, seed formation)

• Reproductive system in humans (male and female reproductive organs)

4. Reproductive Health

• Need for reproductive health

• Contraceptive methods and population control

Important diagrams in Class 10 Science Chapter 7

Here are some important diagrams from "How Do Organisms Reproduce?":

Binary Fission in Amoeba

This diagram shows how an Amoeba reproduces by binary fission, dividing into two identical cells.

Multiple Fission in Plasmodium

This diagram shows multiple fission in Plasmodium, demonstrating how it can produce many daughter cells simultaneously.

Regeneration in Planaria

This diagram depicts the process of regeneration, showing how Planaria can grow new individuals from body parts.

Germination of Pollen on Stigma

This diagram depicts how pollen germinates on the stigma of a flower, leading to fertilization.

Human Female Reproductive System

This diagram shows the anatomy of the female reproductive system, highlighting key organs involved in reproduction.

Practice Questions of Chapter 7 How do Organisms Reproduce?

Given below are the exercises that are designed to check the concepts of important topics and allow students to prepare confidently for the exams.

Question 1:

Parts of a flower which attract insects for pollination is/are:*

A. Petals and sepals

B. Anther and stigma

C. Petals only

D. Sepals only

Answer:

The correct answer is option(C). Petals only

Question 2:

Define parthenogenesis?

Answer:

The unique mode of sexual reproduction in which development of offspring without the participation of sperm cell is known as parthenogenesis.

Question 3:

(a) Name the parts of a bisexual flower that are not directly involved in reproduction.

Answer:

The parts of a bisexual flower that are not directly involved in reproduction are sepals and petals.

(b) Differentiate between self-pollination and cross-pollination.

Answer:

(c) What is the fate of ovules and ovary after fertilization in a flower?

Answer:

After fertilization in a flower, the ovules develop into seeds, and the ovary develops into a fruit.

Question 4:

What is puberty? Mention any two changes that are common to both boys and girls in early teenage years.

Answer:

Puberty is a period of rapid body growth and development which is followed by the secretion of hormones and the development of sexual maturity, including the production of gametes and the development of secondary sexual characters. In girls, puberty normally starts at the age of 10. The first sign of puberty is the development of breasts and ovulation starts. In boys, enlargement of testes and spermatogenesis occurs in early years of puberty.

Question 5:

Describe sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and mention the ways to protect from them?

Answer:

Diseases that are most frequently transmitted by sexual activity are referred to as sexually transmitted diseases. Many of these diseases can be transmitted by methods of direct contact, by hypodermic needles, by blood transfusions, and by blood-contaminated materials. Examples: Hepatitis B and AIDS are some important sexually transmitted diseases.

Some of the ways to protect from these diseases are given below:

1. Avoid sex with unknown partners or multiple partners.

2. Use protection during sex.

3. In case of doubt, one should go to a qualified doctor for early detection and treatment if needed.

Question 6:

Explain the parts of the female reproductive system.

Answer:

The female reproductive system consists of a pair of ovaries, a duct system that consists of a pair of fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina.

1. Ovaries: The ovaries are the primary female sex organs. They produce ova and secrete the female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone, which are responsible for the development of secondary female sex characters and produce marked changes in the uterine endometrium.

2. Fallopian Tubes: These are parts of the female reproductive tract that receive the ovum, provide an appropriate environment for its fertilization, and then transport it to the uterus. A fallopian tube is a muscular tube about 10 cm in length. A mature ovum is released each month from an ovary into one of the two Fallopian tubes leading to the uterus.

3. Uterus: The uterus or womb is a hollow muscular cavity about 7–8 cm in length and 5 cm in width. The wall of the uterus has three layers.

4. Cervix: The lower part of the uterus is very narrow and is called the cervix. A part of the cervix projects into the upper part of the vagina.

5. Vagina: It is a muscular passage about 10 to 15 cm long that connects the uterus with the external world. It is composed of muscle and connective tissues, and the walls of the vagina are usually folded inward.

CBSE NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science - Chapter-wise

Below mentioned are the Chapterwise solutions:

This chapter consists of key formulas and diagrams that make it easier for students to visualize key concepts. Reproductive system diagrams, binary fission, budding, and pollination diagrams facilitate learning. This eBook version is also available for students to study at ease. The resources provide clarity and improved concept retention for board exam preparation.

Download Ebook - NCERT Class 10 Science

Also, check the NCERT Books and NCERT Syllabus here:

• NCERT Books Class 10 Science

• NCERT Syllabus Class 10 Science

• NCERT Books Class 10

• NCERT Syllabus Class 10

The NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7, "How Do Organisms Reproduce?", explains both sexual and asexual reproduction in an easy way with easy diagrams. They encompass essential concepts like copying DNA, why it is necessary, and how pollination and fertilization take place. The solutions also illustrate how variation helps species to survive and evolve. These answers, prepared by experts, help students perform well in CBSE exams. Free PDFs can be saved for instant revision, and learning is made easy and efficient.