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NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 3 Motion In a Straight Line: Are you a Class 11th student in search of class 11 physics chapter 3 NCERT solutions? If so, you're on the right page of Careers360 NCERT solutions. Here, you'll find comprehensive exercise solutions from Questions 3.1 to 3.22, as well as from Additional Exercise Questions 3.22 to 3.28. These motion in a straight line class 11 NCERT solutions have been meticulously crafted by subject matter experts, and presented in an easily understandable language. They are available in PDF format for students to download, allowing offline usage, and all of this is provided free of charge.
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Chapter 3 of Class 11 Physics is included in the NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics. This chapter introduces speed measurements in the context of vehicles. When a car displays a speed of 50, it signifies that the car can travel a distance of 50 kilometres within one hour. This definition establishes speed as the measure of distance covered per unit of time. In the SI unit system, speed is denoted in meters per second (m/s).
In Motion in a Straight Line Class 11, we will study questions related to the motion of an object without considering the cause of motion. NCERT solutions for class 11 physics chapter 3 Motion in a Straight Line help in solving problems from upcoming chapters too. Solutions of NCERT help in understanding the concept studied in a chapter. Can you find an example for a case where displacement and velocity are negative? Is negative speed and distance possible? Such questions are answered in class 11 Physics ch 3 NCERT solutions Motion in a Straight Line. Some of the concepts of the chapter are already studied in NCERT high school books.
These resources offer a clear understanding of the concepts covered in the motion in a straight line class 11 solutions, making it easier for students to grasp and apply them effectively. Formulas help in solving problems, while diagrams visually represent concepts, enhancing comprehension. Additionally, the eBook link offers comprehensive coverage, allowing students to review the content at their own pace and convenience.
Here are the formulas and diagrams for physics chapter 3 class 11 exercise solutions motion in straight line:
v=u+at
v2-u2=2as
s =ut+1/2at2
Position of the object at time t = 0 is 0 | Position of object at time t = 0 is xo |
v = vo + at | v = vo+ at |
x = vot + ½ at2 | x = xo+vot+ ½ at2 |
v2 = vo2+ 2ax | v2 = vo2+ 2a(x-xo) |
In addition to the formulas mentioned above, Class 11 students can access a comprehensive collection of chapter-wise important formulas and diagrams in a single PDF. This resource proves invaluable during exam revision, completing homework assignments, and studying for assessments. Click on the link below to access the PDF:
Download Ebook - Formula Sheet for Physics Class 11: Chapterwise Important Formulas With Examples, Graphs, And Points
Also Read,
These topics encompass the fundamental concepts covered in Class 11 Physics Chapter 3. Understanding these concepts lays a strong foundation for more advanced topics in physics.
** This chapter has been renumbered as Chapter 2 in accordance with the CBSE Syllabus 2023–24.
Free download class 11 physics chapter 3 exercise solutions PDF for CBSE exam.
a railway carriage moving without jerks between two stations.
Answer:
Since the length of railway carriage is quite small as compared to the distance between two stations it could be considered as a point object.
a monkey sitting on top of a man cycling smoothly on a circular track.
Answer:
The monkey can be considered a point object as its size is quite small as compared to the circumference of the circular track.
a spinning cricket ball that turns sharply on hitting the ground.
Answer:
The ball cannot be considered as a point object because the distance covered around the instant when it hits the ground is comparable to its size.
a tumbling beaker that has slipped off the edge of a table
Answer:
Since the size of the beaker is comparable to the distance it travels after slipping off the edge of the table it can not be considered to be a point object.
(a) (A/B) lives closer to the school than (B/A)
Answer:
It is clear from the graph that A Lives closer to the school than B.
(b) (A/B) starts from the school earlier than (B/A)
Answer:
From the graph, we can see that the position of A starts changing at time t=0 whereas in case of B starts changing at some finite time and therefore A starts from the school earlier than B.
(c) (A/B) walks faster than (B/A)
Answer:
The velocity of a particle is equal to the slope of its position-time (x-t) graph. Since the graph of B is steeper B walks faster than A
(d) A and B reach home at the (same/different) time
Answer:
The time(x-coordinate) is different for both A and B when their position(y-coordinate) is equal to that of their home. Therefore A and B reach home at a different time.
(e) (A/B) overtakes (B/A) on the road (once/twice)
Answer:
B starts after A at a higher speed and B overtakes A on the road once.
Answer:
Distance between the office and the home = 2.5 Km
the speed of the women=5 Kmh -1
time taken by the women to reach the office is
at 9:30 am the women is at the office till 5 pm
The speed of auto = 25 Kmh -1
The time taken by the women to reach back to home is
at 5:06 pm women reach home.
The position-time graph will be
Answer:
time | 0 | 5 | 8 | 13 | 16 | 21 | 24 | 29 | 32 | 37 |
distance covered | 0 | 5 | 2 | 7 | 4 | 9 | 6 | 11 | 8 | 13 |
at time t= 37 dec the man falls in a pit at 13 meters from the start
Answer:
V airplane =500 km h -1
V prod/airplane =-1500 km h -1 (the negative sign signifies the Velocity of the plane and the velocity of the ejected combustion products relative to the plane are in opposite directions)
V prod/airplane =V prod - V airplane
V prod =V prod/airplane +V airplane
V prod =-1500+500=-1000 km h -1
The speed of the ejected combustion products with respect to an observer on the ground is 1000 km h -1
Answer:
Initial velocity(u)=126 km h -1 =35 m s -1
Final velocity(v)=0
Distance travelled before coming to rest(s)=200m
Using the third equation of motion
Using the first equation of motion
The retardation of the car is 3.0625 m s -2 and it takes 11.428 seconds for the car to stop.
Answer:
Since both the objects are in motion it will be easier for us to do this problem in the relative frame. We take the train A as an observer.
Let the distance between the guard of B and driver of A be s.
Since both the trains are travelling with the same velocity initially, the relative initial velocity of B with respect to A(u) is 0.
Since A is not accelerating the relative acceleration would be the same as the acceleration wrt the ground frame, a= 1ms -2
The time taken to cover s distance by B wrt A = 50 s
Using the second equation of motion
The distance between the guard of A and driver of B initially is 1250 meter
Answer:
Velocity of car A=36 km h -1 = 10 m s -1
Velocity of car B and car C = 54 km h -1 = 15 m s -1
A and B are travelling in the same direction.
A and C are travelling in opposite directions.
The velocity of A w.r.t C is V AC = 25 m s -1.
Time in which A would reach C is t
The velocity of B w.r.t A is V BA = 5 m s -1
Distance between A and B is s= 1000 m
Maximum time in which B has to overtake A=40s
The required acceleration can be therefore calculated using the second equation of motion
B has to have a minimum acceleration of 1 m s -2 to avoid an accident.
Answer:
Let the velocity of the bus be V km h -1
Let the period of the bus be T minutes.
The speed of the bus travelling in the same direction as the cyclist relative to the cyclist is = (V-20) km h -1
The speed of the bus travelling in the opposite direction as the cyclist relative to the cyclist is = (V+20) km h -1
The distance between two consecutive buses travelling in the same direction is s
This distance s is in turn equal to the distance between the cyclist and the next bus at an instant when one bus goes past him.
Solving the above equations (i) and (ii) we get V=40 km h -1 and T=9 min
The buses travel at a speed 40 km h -1 and the period of the bus service is 9 minutes.
Q 3.10(a) A player throws a ball upwards with an initial speed of 29.4 ms -1 .
(a) What is the direction of acceleration during the upward motion of the ball?
Answer:
The acceleration of the ball will always be in the downward direction irrespective of its position and direction of motion since the gravitational force always acts in the downward direction.
Q 3.10 (b) A player throws a ball upwards with an initial speed of 29.4 ms -1 .
(b) What are the velocity and acceleration of the ball at the highest point of its motion?
Answer:
The velocity is 0 m s -1 and acceleration is 9.8 m s -2 in the downward direction at the highest point of the motion of the ball.
Q 3.10 (c) A player throws a ball upwards with an initial speed of 29.4 ms -1 .
(c) Choose the x = 0 m and t = 0 s to be the location and time of the ball at its highest point, vertically downward direction to be the positive direction of x-axis, and give the signs of position, velocity and acceleration of the ball during its upward, and downward motion.
Answer:
The sign of velocity is positive during the motion in downwards direction and negative during motion in upwards direction. The signs of position and acceleration are positive during motion in both directions.
Q 3.10 (d) A player throws a ball upwards with an initial speed of 29.4 ms -1 .
(d) To what height does the ball rise and after how long does the ball return to the player’s hands? (Take g = 9.8 m s -2 and neglect air resistance).
Answer:
Consider the motion from the instant the ball starts travelling in the upwards direction to the instant it reaches the highest point. Let the upwards direction be positive.
At the highest point, its velocity v is 0 m s -1 .
Initially the velocity u is 29.4 m s -1 .
Acceleration is -g = -9.8 m s -2
Using the third equation of motion we have
Consider the motion from the instant the ball starts travelling in the upwards direction to the instant it reaches back to the player's hand.
The displacement during this period is s = 0 m.
Initial velocity is u=29.4 m s -1
Acceleration is a=-g=-9.8 m s -2
Using the second equation of motion we have
The ball, therefore, reaches back to the player's hand in 6 seconds.
Note: The second solution of the above quadratic equation, t = 0 signifies that at the instant the ball starts travelling its displacement is 0 m.
(a ) A particle in one-dimensional motion with zero speed at an instant may have non-zero acceleration at that instant
Answer:
True since non zero velocity is not at all a necessary condition for non zero acceleration. A ball thrown upwards at its highest point in motion has zero velocity but non zero acceleration due to gravity.
(b) A particle in one-dimensional motion with zero speed may have non-zero velocity
Answer:
False as speed is the magnitude of velocity, therefore, a non zero velocity would imply a non zero speed.
Q 3.11 (c) Read each statement below carefully and state with reasons and examples, if it is true or false;
(c) A particle in one-dimensional motion with constant speed must have zero acceleration
Answer:
True. A particle moving in a straight line with constant speed will have constant velocity since its direction of motion is constant and as acceleration is defined as the rate of change of velocity its acceleration will be zero.
Q 3.11 (d) Read each statement below carefully and state with reasons and examples, if it is true or false;
(d) A particle in one-dimensional motion with positive value of acceleration must be speeding up
Answer:
False. The answer to this question depends on the choice of a positive direction. If a ball is thrown upwards and the downwards direction is chosen to be positive then its acceleration will be positive but its speed will still be decreasing.
Answer:
At time t = 0 velocity is 0
Initial velocity , u = 0
Acceleration = 10 ms -2
Height, s = 90 m
The above is the speed with which the ball will collide with the ground. After colliding the upwards velocity becomes
Acceleration a = -10ms -2
While the ball will again reach the ground its velocity would have the same magnitude
Let the time between the successive collisions be t
After the first collision, its speed will become 0 in time
Total time = 4.242 + 7.635 = 11.87s
After this much time, it will again bounce back with a velocity v given by
Q 3.13 (a) Explain clearly, with examples, the distinction between :
(a) the magnitude of displacement (sometimes called distance) over an interval of time, and the total length of path covered by a particle over the same interval
Answer:
The magnitude of displacement is defined as the shortest distance between the initial and final position of a particle whereas the total length of path covered by a particle is the actual distance it has travelled. e.g a ball thrown upwards which goes to a height h and comes down to its starting position has its magnitude of displacement to be zero but the total length of the path covered by the ball is 2h. In the case of 1-D motion, the two will be equal if the particle moves only in one direction.
Q 3.13 (b) Explain clearly, with examples, the distinction between :
(b) magnitude of average velocity over an interval of time, and the average speed over the same interval. [Average speed of a particle over an interval of time is defined as the total path length divided by the time interval]. Show in both (a) and (b) that the second quantity is either greater than or equal to the first. When is the equality sign true? [For simplicity, consider one-dimensional motion only]
Answer:
The magnitude of average velocity over an interval of time is defined as total displacement upon the time taken whereas the average speed over the same interval is defined as the actual distance travelled by the particle divided by the total time taken. e.g a ball thrown upwards which goes to a height h in time t and comes down to its starting position in the same time has the magnitude of average velocity zero whereas the average speed of the ball is h/t. In the case of 1-D motion, the two will be equal if the particle moves only in one direction.
Answer:
(a).(i) Time taken by the man to reach the market is t 1
Displacement in 30 minutes is d 1 =2.5 km
Magnitude of average velocity=d 1 /t 1 = 5 km h -1
(b).(i) Distance travelled in 30 minutes is s 1 =2.5 km
Average speed=s 1 /t 1 = 5 km h -1
The first 30 minutes the man travels from his home to the market.
During the next 10 minutes, he travels with a speed of 7.5 km h -1 towards his home covering a distance s 3
t 3 =40 min
Magnitude of average velocity =(2.5-1.25)/t 3 =1.875 km h -1
Average speed=(2.5+1.25)/t 3 =5.625 km h -1
Q 3.15 The instantaneous speed is always equal to the magnitude of instantaneous velocity. Why?
Answer:
Instantaneous speed is defined as the first derivative of distance travelled with respect to time and magnitude of instantaneous velocity is the first derivative of the magnitude of displacement with respect to time. The time interval considered is so small that it is safe to assume that the particle won't change its direction of motion during it and therefore the magnitude of displacement during this interval will be the same as the distance travelled and therefore instantaneous speed is always equal to the magnitude of instantaneous velocity.
Answer:
(a) The given x-t graph cannot represent the one-dimensional motion of a particle as the particle cannot be at two positions at the same instant.
(b) The given v-t graph cannot represent the one-dimensional motion of a particle as the particle cannot be travelling at two velocities at the same instant.
(c) The given speed-time graph cannot represent the one-dimensional motion of a particle as the particle cannot have negative speed.
(d) The given path length-time graph cannot represent the one-dimensional motion of a particle as the total path length cannot decrease.
Answer:
It cannot be said from the above-given graph whether the particle is moving along a straight line or along a parabolic path as the x-t graph does not tell us about the trajectory taken by the particle. From the given graph we can only say that the position of the particle along the x-axis does not change till time t=0 and after that it starts increasing in non-linear manner.
Answer:
Muzzle speed of the bullet is V B =150 m s -1 =540 km h -1
Speed of the Police van is V V =30 km h -1
Resultant Speed of the bullet is V=540+30=570 km h -1
Speed of the thief's car= V T =192 km h -1
The speed with which the bullet hits the thief's car=V-V T =570-192=378 km h -1 =105 m s -1
Q 3.19 Suggest a suitable physical situation for each of the following graphs.
Answer:
(a)The particle is initially at rest. Then it starts moving with a constant velocity for some time and then its velocity changes instantaneously and it starts moving in the opposite direction, crosses the point where it was at rest initially and then comes to a halt.
A similar physical situation arises when a bowler throws a ball towards the batsman, the ball travels towards the batsman with some constant speed and after the batsman hits it the ball goes past the bowler and gets caught by a fielder and its velocity comes down to zero within an instant.
(b)The velocity of a particle starts coming down to zero from some velocity with some constant acceleration, goes to zero and changes its direction. Then suddenly the direction of velocity changes and magnitude decreases.
This is the case when a ball is thrown in the air. It starts moving with some velocity and gets retarded by g, its velocity becomes zero at the highest point and its velocity then changes direction and as it hits the ground it loses some of its speed and gets rebound and this keeps on happening till it comes to rest.
(c) The acceleration of a body is zero. It increases to some value for a very small period of time and again comes to zero.
This is the case when a football travelling horizontally hits a wall or gets kicked by a player.
Answer:
At t=0.3 s signs of position, velocity and acceleration are negative, negative and positive.
At t=1.2 s signs of position, velocity and acceleration are positive, positive and negative.
At t=-1.2 s signs of position, velocity and acceleration are negative, positive and positive.
Note: The displacement of the particle as a function of time can be thought of as
where A is some positive real number equal to the amplitude of oscillation.
Answer:
The average speed is greatest in interval 3 and least in interval 2 as the average of the magnitude of the slope is maximum in 3 and minimum in 2.
Average velocity is positive in interval 1 and interval 2 as the slope is positive over these intervals and average velocity is negative in interval 3 as the slope is negative over this interval.
Answer:
The average acceleration greatest in magnitude in interval 2 as in this interval the magnitude of change in speed is the greatest.
The average speed is greatest in interval 3.
v | a | |
Interval 1 | Positive | Positive |
Interval 2 | Positive | Negative |
Interval 3 | Positive | Zero |
In interval 1 speed increases, in interval 2 it decreases and in interval 3 it remains constant.
At points, A, B, C and D acceleration is zero as at these points the curve is parallel to the time axis .
Answer:
Initial velocity u = 0
Acceleration, a = 1 ms -2
t = n seconds
Let the total distance travelled in n seconds be S n
Similarly, total distance travelled in n - 1 second would be S n-1
Distance travelled in n th second would be given as
x n = S n - S n-1
As we can see the dependency of x n on n is linear we conclude the plot of the distance covered by the vehicle during the nth second versus n would be a straight line.
Answer:
Let us consider the upward direction to be positive
Initial velocity of the ball (u) = 49 m s -1
The speed of the ball will be the same when it reaches the boy's hand's but will be moving in a downward direction. Therefore final velocity (v) = -49 m s -1
Acceleration (a) = -9.8 m s -2
Using the first equation of motion we have
In the second case, as the ball has been thrown after the lift has started moving upwards with a constant velocity, the relative velocity of the ball with respect to the boy remains the same and therefore the ball will again take 10 seconds to reach the boy's hands.
(a) speed of the child running in the direction of motion of the belt?
Answer:
(a) Speed of the child when the boy is running in the direction of the motion of the belt = 9 + 4 = 13 km h -1
(b) speed of the child running opposite to the direction of motion of the belt?
Answer:
(b) Speed of the child with respect to the stationary observer when the boy is running in the direction opposite to the motion of the belt = 9 - 4 = 5 km h -1
(c) time taken by the child in (a) and (b)?
Which of the answers alter if motion is viewed by one of the parents?
Answer:
The distance between the parents is s = 50 m
The relative velocity of the child with respect to both his parents remains the same as the parents are also standing on the moving belt.
v = 9 km h -1 = 2.5 m s -1
Time taken by the child in (a) and (b) is t = s/v = 20 s.
As both, the parents are also standing on the belt as well the speed of the child would appear to be 9 km h -1 to both the parents irrespective of the direction in which the child is moving. Therefore answer (a) and (b) would change.
The time taken by an object to travel from one point to another is independent of the observer and therefore answer to question (c) would not change.
Answer:
As both the stones are being accelerated due to gravity its effect will come on the relative motion only when one of them reaches the ground. Till that point of time, the relative velocity of the second stone would remain the same with respect to the first stone.
Let us consider the upward direction to be positive.
V1 = 15 m s -1
V 2 = 30 m s -1
V rel = V 2 -V 1 = 30 - 15 = 15 m s -1
Initial velocity of the first stone(u) = 15 m s -1
Displacement from the point it has been thrown to the final point in its motion(s) = 200 m
Acceleration(a) = -g = -10 m s -2
Using the second equation of motion we have
As time cannot be negative the correct value of t is 8 seconds
For this much time the relative distance changes with the relative velocity.
Maximum relative distance is
The graph is, therefore, correct till 8 seconds.
After that, the second stone will be moving towards the first stone with acceleration g towards it and their relative distance will keep on decreasing from 120 m till it becomes zero.
The velocity of the second stone 8 seconds after it has been thrown can be calculated as follows using the first equation of motion
The time taken by it to travel 120 m in the downwards direction can be calculated as follows using the second equation of motion
as t has to be positive the correct answer is 2 seconds.
The relative distance will become zero after a total time of 10 seconds which is the case as shown in the graph and therefore the graph shown in Figure correctly represents the time variation of the relative position of the second stone with respect to the first.
(a) t = 0 s to 10 s
What is the average speed of the particle over the intervals in (a) and (b)?
Answer:
The distance traversed by the particle equals the area under the speed time graph
The area under the curve is
The particle has travelled a distance of 60 m from t=0 s to t=10 s.
The average speed over this interval is
(b) t = 2 s to 6 s.
What is the average speed of the particle over the intervals in (a) and (b)?
Answer:
As the speed is increasing in the time interval t = 0 s to t = 5 s the acceleration is positive and can be given by
Speed at t = 2 s is
Speed at t = 5 s is v 1 = 15 m s -1
t 1 = 5 - 2 = 3 s
Distance travelled in interval t = 2 s to t = 5 s is s 1
Acceleration is negative after t = 5 s but has the same magnitude
a 2 = -2.4 m s -2
Speed at t = 5 s is u 2 = 12 m s -1
t 2 = 6 - 5 = 1 s
Distance travelled in this interval can be calculated as follows
Total distance travelled from t = 2 s to t = 6 s is s = s 1 + s 2
s=25.2+10.8
s=36 m
The average speed over this interval is
Q 3.28 The velocity-time graph of a particle in one-dimensional motion is shown in the figure:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f) =area under the v-t curve bounded by the time axis and the dotted line shown.
Answer:
Only the formulae given in (c), (d) and (f) are correct for describing the motion of the particle over the time-interval t 1 to t 2.
The formulae given in (a), (b) and (e) are incorrect as from the slope of the graph we can see that the particle is not moving with constant acceleration.
Class 11 students should pay particular attention to NCERT class 11 physics chapter 3 exercise solutions and concepts as it establishes the groundwork for future subjects. It is critical to grasp fundamental topics like this chapter to understand advanced concepts in Physics.
Motion in a straight line class 11 questions and answers covers basic yet important topics such as comparing objects as point objects, plotting graphs, and calculating values based on them. For example, if you walk at a certain speed and then get off a bus at a specific distance, what will be the (x-t) graph of your movement?
Dropped Topics:
Deoped topics for motion in a straight line class 11 solutions are listed below:
The topic And Subtopic of class 11 physics chapter 3 ncert solutions are listed below.
Section Name | Topic Name |
3 | Motion in a Straight Line |
3.1 | Introduction |
3.2 | Position, path length and displacement |
3.3 | Average velocity and average speed |
3.4 | Instantaneous velocity and speed |
3.5 | Acceleration |
3.6 | Kinematic equations for uniformly accelerated motion |
3.7 | Relative velocity |
Foundation for Future Chapters: The concepts elucidated in Class 11 physics chapter 3 exercise solutions serve as a solid foundation for comprehending subsequent chapters in Class 11 NCERT Physics. A thorough understanding of motion is pivotal for tackling more intricate topics.
Exam Preparation: The provided motion in a straight line class 11 NCERT solutions play a pivotal role in preparing for Class 11 exams. These solutions offer comprehensive and step-by-step explanations, enabling students to approach questions with confidence and precision.
Competitive Exam Readiness: The methods and concepts expounded in NCERT class 11 physics chapter 3 exercise solutions extend their utility beyond standard exams. Aspiring candidates for competitive exams such as NEET and JEE Main can harness this knowledge to excel in the physics segments of these high-stakes assessments.
Free PDF Availability: The solutions are readily accessible in PDF format without any cost. This enables students to access and utilize these resources conveniently, fostering a seamless learning experience.
Complete Solutions in Simple Language: Motion in a straight line class 11 questions and answers are crafted in an easily understandable language, breaking down complex concepts into comprehensible terms. This approach aids in effective learning and encourages students to engage deeply with the subject matter.
Chapter 1 | |
Chapter 2 | |
Chapter 3 | Motion in a straight Line |
Chapter 4 | |
Chapter 5 | |
Chapter 6 | |
Chapter 7 | |
Chapter 8 | |
Chapter 9 | |
Chapter 10 | |
Chapter 11 | |
Chapter 12 | |
Chapter 13 | |
Chapter 14 | |
Chapter 15 |
NCERT Physics Exemplar Solutions Class 11 For All The Chapters:
We trust that the Physics Chapter 3 class 11 exercise solutions, "Motion in a Straight Line," prove to be a valuable resource for you. If you happen to have any queries or concerns concerning these class 11 physics chapter 3 solutions, please feel free to leave a comment below. We are committed to promptly addressing your questions and providing assistance. Your feedback is greatly appreciated, and we are here to assist you at the earliest opportunity.
All the topics discussed in Motion in a Straight Line are important for the coming chapters of Class 11 and the concepts of vectors are important for the entire Physics NCERT syllabus.
At least one question can be expected from motion in a straight line. To get more questions on Motion in a Straight Line Refer to NCERT exemplar. And go through the previous year JEE Main Papers
one or two questions from the NCERT class 11 chapter 3 are expected for NEET exam. Motion in a Straight Line is an important chapter since it is the basis for Mechanics.
The topics covered under class 11 physics ch 3 are listed below:
Introduction
Position, Path Length, and Displacement
Average Velocity and Average Speed
Instantaneous Velocity and Speed
Acceleration
Kinematic Equations for Uniformly Accelerated Motion
Relative Velocity.
In Chapter 3 of NCERT motion, acceleration refers to the rate of change of velocity with respect to time. It is a vector quantity, and its direction is the same as that of the change in velocity. Acceleration can be either positive or negative, depending on whether the velocity of an object is increasing or decreasing, respectively. It is measured in units of meters per second squared (m/s2).
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