The Central Board of Secondary Education released the latest Class 12 physics syllabus for CBSE board exams 2025-26. The revised syllabus of Physics Class 12 CBSE can be downloaded for the theory and practical sections. Students should refer to the most recent CBSE 12th physics syllabus 2025-26 for upcoming CBSE board exams or competitive exams preparation. This year, the board has not reduced the CBSE 12th syllabus.
This Story also Contains
Subject matter specialists have created this CBSE Class 12 Physics syllabus taking into account the comprehensive ability and aptitude of the students of the 12th class. The CBSE syllabus for class 12 Physics 2025-26 lists topics, marks distribution, and practical exam lists. Through the same, students can identify the topics and sub-topics they need to prepare for the CBSE Class 12th exam. Discover a thorough syllabus for theory and practicals for CBSE Class 12 Physics 2025-26 in the sections below.
Here, we have included the links to the subject-wise syllabus of Class 12 science. These links will give a detailed view of the topics and concepts of each syllabus.
The CBSE syllabus for Class 12 Physics consists of 9 units. The Physics paper has a duration of 3 hours and carries 70 marks. Students should practise previous question papers based on the syllabus to score well in the exam. The NCERT Class 12 physics solution will help in understanding the real problems. To learn about the unit-by-unit CBSE 12th Physics syllabus and the marks awarded for the exam, see the table provided.
Unit No. and Name | Chapter/s Name | Marks |
---|---|---|
1. Electrostatics | Electric Charges and Fields Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | 16 |
2. Current Electricity | Current Electricity | |
3. Magnetic Effect of Current & Magnetism | Moving Charges and Magnetism Magnetism and Matter | 17 |
4. Electromagnetic Induction & Alternating Currents | Electromagnetic Induction Alternating Currents | |
5. Electromagnetic Waves | Electromagnetic Waves | 18 |
6. Optics | Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Wave Optics | |
7. Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | 12 |
8. Atoms and Nuclei | Atoms Nuclei | |
9. Electronic Devices | Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits | 7 |
Total | 70 |
Particular | Marks in 2025 |
Two experiments, one from each section | 7+7 |
Practical record [experiments and activities] | 5 |
One activity from any section | 3 |
Investigatory Project | 3 |
Viva on experiments, activities and projects | 5 |
Total | 30 |
Download the CBSE 12th Class Physics Syllabus 2025-26 by following the steps provided below:
Visit the download web page for the CBSE 12th Physics syllabus by clicking the aforementioned link.
Click the "Free Download" option and log in or register as required.
It will open a PDF file.
Download and save it for later use.
The table incorporates the names of all the chapters that are included in the CBSE 12th Physics syllabus 2025-26. Refer to the table and start with a strategic exam preparation, allocating time effectively for each topic.
S. No. | Chapters |
1. | Electric Charges and Fields |
2. | Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance |
3. | Current Electricity |
4. | Moving Charges and Magnetism |
5. | Magnetism and Matter |
6. | Electromagnetic Induction |
7. | Alternating Current |
8. | Electromagnetic Waves |
9. | Ray Optics and Optical Instruments |
10. | Wave Optics |
11. | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter |
12. | Atoms |
13. | Nuclei |
14. | Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits |
To help students prepare, we have included essential topics chapter-wise. The table below provides the entire CBSE syllabus for Class 12 Physics 2025-26.
Chapters | Important Topics |
Electric Charges and Fields | Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law-force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field. Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications to find the field due to an infinitely long straight wire, a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and a uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside). |
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and a system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of an electric dipole in an electrostatic field. Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarisation, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without a dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor (no derivation, formulae only). |
Current Electricity | Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current; Ohm's law, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, temperature dependence of resistance, Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchhoff's rules, Wheatstone bridge. |
Moving Charges and Magnetism | Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment. Biot-Savart law and its application to the current-carrying circular loop. Ampere's law and its applications to an infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in a uniform magnetic field; Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, moving coil galvanometer, current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. |
Magnetism and Matter | Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis (qualitative treatment only), torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field lines. Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro - magnetic substances with examples, Magnetisation of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties. |
Electromagnetic Induction | Electromagnetic induction; Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz's Law, Self and mutual induction. |
Alternating Current | Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits, power factor, wattless current. AC generator, Transformer |
Electromagnetic Waves | Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, and their transverse nature (qualitative idea only). Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays), including elementary facts about their uses. |
Ray Optics and Optical Instruments | Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total internal reflection and optical fibres, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker’s formula, magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through a prism. Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers. |
Wave Optics | Wave front and Huygen’s principle, reflection and refraction of a plane wave at a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference, Young's double slit experiment and expression for fringe width (No derivation final expression only), coherent sources and sustained interference of light, diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maxima (qualitative treatment only). |
Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation-particle nature of light. Experimental study of the photoelectric effect: Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation. |
Atoms | Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of the atom; Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, Expression for the radius of the nth possible orbit, velocity and energy of the electron in its orbit, of hydrogen line spectra (qualitative treatment only). |
Nuclei | Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force, Mass-energy relation, mass defect, binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission, nuclear fusion. |
Semiconductor Electronics | Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only). Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors- p and n type, p-n junction, Semiconductor diode - I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, application of junction diode -diode as a rectifier. |
The following table provides the CBSE class 12th Physics syllabus marking scheme. To determine the number of questions from a given kind that will be asked, students must go over the marking scheme from the CBSE Class 12 Physics syllabus 2025-26.
Typology of Questions | Total marks | Approximate Percentage |
Remembering and Understanding | 27 | 38% |
Applying | 22 | 32% |
Analysing, Evaluating and Creating | 21 | 30% |
Total | 70 | 100% |
Practical | 30 | |
Gross total | 100 |
The CBSE Class 12 Physics practicals syllabus is mentioned in the table below. Students can have a look at the syllabus. They must maintain their practical file properly throughout the year and try to score full marks in the practical section to obtain a good final score in the subject.
Particulars | Details |
Apparatus for Identification & Familiarity | Meter scale, voltmeter, ammeter, battery/power supply, connecting wires, standard resistances, meter bridge, screw gauge, jockey, galvanometer, resistance box, potentiometer, Leclanché cell, Daniell cell, rheostat, plug-in/tapping keys, diode, resistors, capacitors, inductors, electric/electronic bell, lenses (convex/concave), mirrors (convex/concave), core/hollow wooden cylinder, insulated wire, transformer core, ferromagnetic rod. |
List of Experiments | 1. Find resistance per cm of wire (V-I graph) 2. Verify laws of resistance (series/parallel) 3. Measure resistance using a meter bridge 4. Find galvanometer resistance (half deflection method) 5. Identify the resistor, capacitor, inductor, and diode 6. Distinguish between convex/concave lenses and mirrors; estimate the power difference 7. Design inductor coil; study effects of turns and core material 8. Design a step-up/step-down transformer and study the input-output voltage relation |
The books listed below have been recommended by the CBSE board for class 12 students.
Physics, Class XII, Part I and II, Published by NCERT.
Laboratory Manual of Physics for Class XII, Published by NCERT.
The list of related books and manuals was brought out by NCERT (consider multimedia).
Physics is a subject that many students perceive to be quite challenging, yet with consistent practice and intelligent study habits, one can efficiently perform well on the Physics examination. Here are a few preparation tips for CBSE class 12th Physics:
Analyse the entire CBSE Class 12 Physics course syllabus for 2025-26. Identify the key sections and subjects.
Create a productive study schedule to finish the Class 12 Physics CBSE syllabus on time.
Regularly practise using all diagrams, derivations, etc.
Solving CBSE class 12 question papers 2025-26 can help you become familiar with the exam format and the kinds of questions that have been asked in the past.
Make it a routine to study for at least 3–4 hours each day.
To improve speed and accuracy, practise more with CBSE class 12 sample papers 2025-26
Also, read:
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
The maximum score for the paper is 100 according to the CBSE Class 12 Physics syllabus for 2025-26. broken down into 70 for theory and 30 for practicals.
Yes, the NCERT Books for Class 12 are sufficient to cover the CBSE 12th physics curriculum. Students can also practise with other reference books to learn more.
Yes, keeping a practical notebook is necessary. Students must submit this when they take the practical exam.
On Question asked by student community
Hello,
The date of 12 exam is depends on which board you belongs to . You should check the exact date of your exam by visiting the official website of your respective board.
Hope this information is useful to you.
Hello,
Class 12 biology questions papers 2023-2025 are available on cbseacademic.nic.in , and other educational website. You can download PDFs of questions papers with solution for practice. For state boards, visit the official board site or trusted education portal.
Hope this information is useful to you.
Hello Pruthvi,
Taking a drop year to reappear for the Karnataka Common Entrance Test (KCET) is a well-defined process. As a repeater, you are fully eligible to take the exam again to improve your score and secure a better rank for admissions.
The main procedure involves submitting a new application for the KCET through the official Karnataka Examinations Authority (KEA) website when registrations open for the next academic session. You must pay the required application fee and complete all formalities just like any other candidate. A significant advantage for you is that you do not need to retake your 12th board exams. Your previously secured board marks in the qualifying subjects will be used again. Your new KCET rank will be calculated by combining these existing board marks with your new score from the KCET exam. Therefore, your entire focus during this year should be on preparing thoroughly for the KCET to achieve a higher score.
For more details about the KCET Exam preparation,
CLICK HERE.
I hope this answer helps you. If you have more queries, feel free to share your questions with us, and we will be happy to assist you.
Thank you, and I wish you all the best in your bright future.
Yes, you can switch from Science in Karnataka State Board to Commerce in CBSE for 12th. You will need a Transfer Certificate from your current school and meet the CBSE school’s admission requirements. Since you haven’t studied Commerce subjects like Accountancy, Economics, and Business Studies, you may need to catch up before or during 12th. Not all CBSE schools accept direct admission to 12th from another board, so some may ask you to join Class 11 first. Make sure to check the school’s rules and plan your subject preparation.
Hello
For the 12th CBSE Hindi Medium board exam, important questions usually come from core chapters like “Madhushala”, “Jhansi ki Rani”, and “Bharat ki Khoj”.
Questions often include essay writing, letter writing, and comprehension passages. Grammar topics like Tenses, Voice Change, and Direct-Indirect Speech are frequently asked.
Students should practice poetry questions on themes and meanings. Important questions also cover summary writing and translation from Hindi to English or vice versa.
Previous years’ question papers help identify commonly asked questions.
Focus on writing practice to improve handwriting and presentation. Time management during exams is key to answering all questions effectively.
This ebook serves as a valuable study guide for NEET 2025 exam.
This e-book offers NEET PYQ and serves as an indispensable NEET study material.
As per latest syllabus. Physics formulas, equations, & laws of class 11 & 12th chapters
As per latest syllabus. Chemistry formulas, equations, & laws of class 11 & 12th chapters
As per latest 2024 syllabus. Study 40% syllabus and score upto 100% marks in JEE
As per latest syllabus. Maths formulas, equations, & theorems of class 11 & 12th chapters