NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 9 Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
NCERT solutions for class 12 biology chapter 9 strategies for enhancement in food production: Your search ends here as we provide detailed solutions to each chapter of the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology That are in accordance with the most recent CBSE Syllabus 2022–23. You know that the life expectancy of human beings has been changing dramatically every decade. If you talk about agricultural practices, food processing, or diagnostics, then you can see a noticeable change in the socio-culture of human communities. In the solutions for NCERT class 12 biology chapter 9 strategies for enhancement in food production, you will get questions based on the enhancement of food production. This chapter will tell you that for the vast population of the world, the enhancement of food and its production is a major necessity.
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Chapter 9 Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production will tell you about several new techniques like embryo transfer technology and tissue culture techniques that are going to play a pivotal role in further enhancing food production. It is important to study all such topics in a proper way, cause you will get questions based on these topics in CBSE NCERT solutions for class 12 biology chapter 9 strategies for enhancement in food production. If you are looking for the answers of any other class from 6-12, then NCERT solutions are there for you. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 for physics, chemistry,and biology are well structured and accordance with the CBSE syllabus for 2022-23.
In strategies for enhancement in food production NCERT pdf, you will study that animal husbandry is the practice of breeding and taking care of domestic animals by applying different types of scientific principles. After going through the strategies for enhancement in food production NCERT pdf, you can easily answer most of the questions from the exercise of this chapter. And if you are still confused then don't worry just go through the chapter without missing any concept. Try to attempt all the given questions in NCERT and if you find difficulties in solving the questions then NCERT solutions is here for you.
Also Read,
NCERT Exemplar for class 12 biology chapter 9 strategies for enhancement in food production
NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Biology Chapter 9 Strategies For Enhancement In Food Production: Solved Exercise Questions:
Q1. Explain in brief the role of animal husbandry in human welfare.
Answer:
Animal husbandry refers to the process of management of livestock scientifically for human welfare. The process of animal husbandry includes feeding, breeding and control of diseases for raising the livestock populations. The livestock generally reared includes cattle, pig, sheep, poultry birds, bees etc. These animals are reared for various products such as milk, meat, eggs fibre, honey etc. Through scientific and effective animal husbandry practices, the production of animal products can be increased. An increase in the production of these products will ultimately be beneficial for human welfare. Therefore, animal breeding plays an important role in human welfare.
Answer:
Dairy farm management or dairying refers to the process of managing animals for milk and its products for consumption by humans. It deals with systems that can increase the yield and improve milk quality. The major prerequisite of increasing quantity and quality of milk by cattle is the quality of breeds. Therefore, if your family owned a dairy farm, the measures that can be undertaken to improve the quality and quantity of milk production must involve betterment of farm animals. Some of these measures are as follows:
1. Selection of good breeds with desirable characters.
2. Proper cleanliness and maintenance of cattle sheds. Sheds should be spacious, roofed and well ventilated.
3. Feeding of animals must be carried out scientifically and special care should be taken with regard to the quantity and quality of fodder
4. The cattle should be properly bathed, cleaned, brushed etc.
5. In the cattle sheds, proper sanitation must be provided.
6. For the growth of cattle, vaccination and proper medical treatment are essential.
NCERT solutions for class 12 biology chapter 9 strategies for enhancement in food production:
Q3. What is meant by the term ‘breed’? What are the objectives of animal breeding?
Answer:
The term 'breed' refers to a group of animals that are related to each other by means of descent and are similar in most of their characteristics characters like general appearance, features, size, configuration etc. Different breeds can be improved via processes of animal breeding The term animal breeding is the production of improved breeds of domesticated animals by improving their genotypes through selective mating.
Objectives of animal breeding
The process of animal breeding is carried out keeping in mind certain specific objectives as per the demand of breeders. Some of the main objectives of animals breeding are as follows:
1. For improving the growth rate
2. For increased production of milk, meat, egg, wool etc
3. For obtaining a superior quality of milk, meat, eggs, wool etc
4. For improving the resistance to various diseases
5. To increase productivity as well as reproductivity.
Q4. Name the methods employed in animal breeding. According to you which of the methods is best? Why?
Answer:
The term animal breeding refers to selective breeding of interrelated animals in order to create new combinations of characters. The methods of animal breeding are divided into two categories i.e. natural methods of animal breeding and controlled breeding experiments. The natural methods of breeding are as follows:
Out-breeding - It refers to the process of the mating of unrelated animals which may be between individuals of the same breed but having no common ancestor for 4-6 generations or between different breeds or different species.
Out-crossing - The term outcrossing is the mating of animals of the same breed with no common ancestor for 4-6 generations. The offspring produced in such a way is referred to as outcross.
Cross-breeding - In the cross-breeding superior male of one breed is allowed to mate with the superior female of another breed
Interspecific hybridisation- Interspecific hybridisation refers to the mating of individuals of different species.
The controlled breeding experiments may be carried out in two ways i.e. artificial insemination and multiple ovulation embryo transfer.
Artificial insemination- This is the process of artificially introducing the semen collected from a superior male is injected into the oviducts of a female. This method is used in case of complications
Multiple ovulation embryo transfer - In this method of animal breeding females are injected with FSH and LH hormones that cause superovulation (production of 6-8 eggs) in them. later on, these females are fertilised to form multiple offsprings through artificial insemination. The fertilised eggs are then obtained and induced in surrogate mothers so that superovulation can again take place. This method is used for improving the herd.
Controlled breeding experiments are considered better than natural methods as through them we can obtain animals with desirable characters.
Q5. What is apiculture? How is it important in our lives?
Answer:
Apiculture refers to the practice of keeping and rearing honey bee i.e. Apis indica in order to produce honey bee, beeswax and other products.
Importance of apiculture
1. Apiculture is used to produce honey which is a highly nutritious product used as an indigenous system of medicines. Honey is also useful for the treatment of ailments such as cold, flu and dysentery.
2. Through apiculture, beeswax is also obtained. It is used in the production of cosmetics, polishes and a few medicines
3. Apiculture is a huge industry that has generated huge employment for people.
Q6. Discuss the role of fishery in enhancement of food production.
Answer:
The fisheries industry deals with catching, processing and marketing of fishes and other aquatic animals that are economically important. Prawns, crabs, lobsters etc are some economically important aquatic animals. The fisheries industry has a major role in the Indian economy as well as in the enhancement of food production in India. A large part of India is dependent on fishes and other aquatic animals for their food requirements. Both marines, as well as freshwater species of fishes, are used for this purpousThus, expansion of the fisheries industry leads to enhancement in food production. Fisheries also being a huge industry tends to generate employment for people of coastal areas.
NCERT solutions for class 12 biology chapter 9 strategies for enhancement in food production:
Q7. Briefly describe various steps involved in plant breeding.
Answer:
Plant breeding is the process of crossing two genetically different varieties of plants in order to produce a new hybrid variety that combines selective characteristics of both the parent varieties. Plant breeding is done to induce disease resistance, increased food production, resistance to insect/pest etc in plants, adaptability etc. The process of plant breeding gets completed in certain steps. These steps of plant breeding are as follows:
1. Collection of variability- The first step of plant breeding is to collect all the genetic variability present in wild relatives of cultivated varieties of plants. The collection of diverse alleles of a gene in a crop is called germplasm collection. From this collection, breeders can select desired characters.
2. Evaluation of germplasm and selection of parents- The collected germplasm is then evaluated and desirable genes are selected. The plants having desirable genes are selected to be parents and are allowed to hybridise.
3. Cross-hybridisation of parents- The selected parents are allowed to hybridize. to facilitate hybridisation, bagging, tagging and emasculation like techniques are used. During cross-hybridization, unwanted pollination is always avoided.
4. Selection of superior hybrids- The hybrid progenies are evaluated for the desired combination of characteristics through a scientific process. The selected progenies are self-pollinated to maintain homozygosity.
5. Testing, release and commercialisation of new cultivars- The new cultivars are tested and evaluated for factors like yield, resistance to diseases, adaptability etc. These are grown in different countries in different seasons multiple times and their growth is tested. After the successful testing, new varieties are provided to farmers for growing in fields.
Q8. Explain what is meant by biofortification.
Answer:
Biofortification is the process of developing crops having a higher content of vitamins, minerals, proteins, fats etc. Biofortification has been proved to be a method for improving public health. It is undertaken to improve the content and quality of proteins and oils. Atlas 66 is a biofortified wheat variety having high protein content than the existing wheat. Similarly, biofortified varieties of rice, carrot, spinach have also been produced.
Q9. Which part of the plant is best suited for making virus-free plants and why?
Answer:
In order to make virus-free plants, apical and axillary meristems are used. These regions of diseased plants do not catch virus infection. Thus from diseased plants, disease-free plants can be obtained by growing their apical and axillary meristems.
Q10. What is the major advantage of producing plants by micropropagation?
Answer:
Micropropagation refers to producing a number of plants simultaneously through tissue culture. This process is advantageous for the following reasons
1. It helps in propagating a large number of plants in a shorter time span.
2. New plants produced are exactly identical to the parent plant
3. micropropagation results in the production of healthier and disease resistance plants
Q11. Find out what the various components of the medium used for propagation of an explant in vitro are?
Answer:
Propagation of explants in vitro requires the following components in the medium
1. Carbon source such as sucrose
2. Inorganic Salts
3. Vitamins
4. Amino acids
5. Agar-agar
6. Water
7. Growth hormones like auxins and cytokinins.
Q12. Name any five hybrid varieties of crop plants which have been developed in India.
Answer:
The five hybrid varieties of crop plants which have been developed in India are
1. Sonalika and Kalyan sona of wheat
2. Jaya and Ratna of rice
3. Pusa komal of cowpea
4. Pusa swarnim of mustard
5. Pusa shubra of cauliflower
After going through these solutions for strategies for enhancement in food production ncert, you must be able to understand all the concepts behind every question.
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 9 Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
Class 12 Biology Chapter 9 NCERT Solutions provides students with in-depth knowledge of animal husbandry and its various techniques. It explains the science underlying different practises used in a variety of industries. For instance, the process of biofortification may contribute to the global decline of diseases caused by nutritional deficiencies. However, it has also been linked to genetic engineering, which is disapproved of by people and organisations all over the world. In order to quickly understand difficult concepts, students can use the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 9 as a quick reference.
Examine additional intriguing scenarios in Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production in these solutions. There are many academic resources available, making it challenging for students to select the best one.
For students preparing for the Class 12 board exams, the NCERT Solution for Class 12 Biology is the best option. It allows for a thorough and simple understanding of concepts using simple language.
Important topics of NCERT solutions for class 12 biology chapter 9 strategies for enhancement in food production:
9.1 Animal Husbandry
9.1.1 Management of Farms and Farm Animals
9.1.1.1 Dairy Farm Management
9.1.1.2 Poultry Farm Management
9.1.2 Animal Breeding
9.1.3 Bee-keeping
9.1.4 Fisheries
9.2 Plant Breeding
9.2.1 What is Plant Breeding?
9.2.2 Plant Breeding for Disease Resistance
9.2.3 Plant Breeding for Developing Resistance to Insect Pests
9.2.4 Plant Breeding for Improved Food Quality
9.3 Single Cell Proteins
9.4 Tissue Culture
Highlights of NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 9 Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
class 12 biology chapter 9 NCERT solutions highlights are given below:
- The NCERT solutions for class 12 biology chapter 9 strategies for enhancement in food production are written in the best possible way using simple language that makes solutions easier to read and understand
- In the strategies for enhancement in food production NCERT pdf, points are used to frame answers to help understand quickly.
- Solution content for chapter 9 Biology class 12 is derived from the textbook by the subject expert.
- Solutions given in the food production questions and answers pdf are as per the latest CBSE Syllabus and guidelines.
- strategies for enhancement in food production class 12 ncert pdf links are readily available and easily accessible for free.
- Important topics are listed in the strategies for enhancement in food production class 12 ncert pdf.
- food production questions and answers pdf is a great resource for information.
- Diagrams are simple to understand and follow in chapter 9 biology class 12.
NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Solutions
NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Solutions |
NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Mathematics Solutions |
NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Biology Solutions |
NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics Solutions |
Also Check NCERT Books and NCERT Syllabus here:
- NCERT Books Class 12 Biology
- NCERT Syllabus Class 12 Biology
- NCERT Books Class 12
- NCERT Syllabus Class 12
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology- Chapter wise
Chapter 1 | Reproduction in organisms |
Chapter 2 | Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants |
Chapter 3 | Human Reproduction |
Chapter 4 | Reproductive Health |
Chapter 5 | Principles of Inheritance and Variation |
Chapter 6 | Molecular basis of inheritance |
Chapter 7 | Evolution |
Chapter 8 | Human Health and Disease |
Chapter 9 | Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production |
Chapter 10 | Microbes in Human Welfare |
Chapter 11 | Biotechnology: Principles and Processes |
Chapter 12 | Biotechnology and its Applications |
Chapter 13 | Organisms and Populations |
Chapter 14 | Ecosystem |
Chapter 15 | Biodiversity and Conservation |
Chapter 16 | Environmental Issues |
NCERT Solutions for Class 12- Subject wise
NCERT solutions for Class 12 Maths |
NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry |
NCERT solutions for Class 12 Biology |
NCERT solutions for Class 12 Physics |
Frequently Asked Question (FAQs) - NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 9 Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
Question: Does the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 9 help students score well in the board exams?
Answer:
To ensure that students fully comprehend the concepts, the solutions are thoroughly explained. The solutions were developed by knowledgeable faculty in accordance with the CBSE curriculum and regulations. The use of straightforward language makes it easier for students to understand how to answer challenging questions. In order to help students develop their analytical and logical thinking skills, sample papers and question papers from prior years are also solved.
Question: What is biofortification in Chapter 9 of NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology?
Answer:
Breeding crops to increase their nutritional value is called "biofortification." In contrast to food enrichment, which adds nutrients during food processing, biofortification places more of an emphasis on plants being nutrient-rich while they are growing. When responding to the questions in the textbook, students can consult Chapter 9 of the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology to gain a clear understanding of the concepts.
Question: How to score well in examination?
Answer:
To score well in the examination, follow the NCERT syllabus and solve the exercise given in the NCERT Book. To practice more problems, students must refer to NCERT Exemplar.
Question: What are the Important topics Given in Chapter 9 of NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology?
Answer:
The Important topics Given in strategies for enhancement in food production ncert pdf are:
9.1 Animal Husbandry
9.1.1 Management of Farms and Farm Animals
9.1.1.1 Dairy Farm Management
9.1.1.2 Poultry Farm Management
9.1.2 Animal Breeding
9.1.3 Bee-keeping
9.1.4 Fisheries
9.2 Plant Breeding
9.2.1 What is Plant Breeding?
9.2.2 Plant Breeding for Disease Resistance
9.2.3 Plant Breeding for Developing Resistance to Insect Pests
9.2.4 Plant Breeding for Improved Food Quality
9.3 Single Cell Proteins
9.4 Tissue Culture
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Hi.
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