West Bengal Madhyamik Exam 2025 - Time Table, Syllabus, Question Papers, Result

English (first language): Unit 01

• Silas Marner: George Eliot (from chapters 14 till the end)

English (first language): Unit 02

• (i) On his blindness-John Milton, (ii) The Elegy-Thomas Gray, (iii) The soldier-Rupert Brooke, (iv) On first looking into Chapman's homer-John Keats, (v) On milton-William Wordsworth, (vi) Lead kindly light-Cardinal Newman
• (vii) The slave's dream-H.W. Longfellow, (viii) To a skylark-P.B.Shelley, (ix) An acre of grass-W.B. Yeats

English (first language): Unit 03

• (i) The kite-W. Somerset Maugham, (ii) The little willow-Frances towers, (iii) The hostage-C.S. Forester, (iv) The basement room-Graham Greene, (v) Maria-Elizabeth Bowen, (VI) A dream of winter-Rosamond Lehmann

English (first language): Unit 04

English (first language): Unit 05

English (first language): Unit 06

Odia: Unit 01

Odia: Unit 02

Odia: Unit 03

Odia: Unit 04

Odia: Unit 05

Odia: Unit 06

Gujarati: Unit 01

Gujarati: Unit 02

Gujarati: Unit 03

Gujarati: Unit 04

Gujarati: Unit 05

• Essay writing
• Translation from English to Gujarati

Gujarati: Unit 06

Tamil: Unit 01

Tamil: Unit 02

Tamil: Unit 03

Tamil: Unit 04

• Translation from English to Tamil
• Essay

Tamil: Unit 05

Telugu: Unit 01

Telugu: Unit 02

Telugu: Unit 03

Telugu: Unit 04

Telugu: Unit 05

Telugu: Unit 06

Modern Tibetan: Unit 01

Modern Tibetan: Unit 02

Modern Tibetan: Unit 03

Modern Tibetan: Unit 04

Modern Tibetan: Unit 05

Modern Tibetan: Unit 06

English (second language): Unit 01

• (i) The engine trouble, (ii) The refugees, (iii) A great national hero, (iv) Most beautiful, (v) The gift of the wise, (vi) The birth of a white seal, (vii) The lost child

English (second language): Unit 02

• (i) Wander thirst, (ii) Stopping by woods on a snowy evening, (iii) If, (iv) Ring out, wild bells, (v) Sonnet to the pupils of the Hindu College

English (second language): Unit 03

English (second language): Unit 04

• Use of verbs: Finite and non-finite, simple auxiliaries and modal-auxiliaries, verbs with- ing/ -ed/ -en suffixes and their uses, gerunds, use of proper forms of verbs in meaningful contexts
• Main clause and dependent clause; different functions of dependent clauses like nominal clause, adjective clause (relative clause), adverb clause; complex and compound sentences
• Uses of prefix and suffixes
• Use of passive voice
• Time expressions; mid-position adverbs; countable and uncountable-nouns
• Different words to describe the same action
• Use of different derivative forms of words

English (second language): Unit 05

• Writing a descriptive paragraph; describing a situation,
• Preparing a paragraph from a process chart
• Letter writing (asking permission from head of institution for anyground), to friend/ relations-relating an experience/ giving some suggestions or advice)
• Writing biographical sketches
• Drafting a notice
• Writing a report
• Writing a dialogue
• Writing a story

History: Unit 01

• Imperial expansion-different stages
• Foundation of the colonial administration

History: Unit 02

• Colonial impact–land revenue policy
• Changes in the British commercial policy
• Decline of indigenous manufacture

History: Unit 03

• Uprisings during the first century of British Rule-peasant revolts
• Tribal revolts
• The great revolt of 1857

History: Unit 04

• 19th century nationalism in India–European background
• Education policy of the British-rise of the English educated middle class-social reform movements
• Awakening of national consciousness-first phase of nationalism
• Founding of the Indian National Congress

History: Unit 05

• Early phase of the Congress-split between moderates and extremists
• Militant nationalism
• Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi movement
• Revolutionary movements

History: Unit 06

• European imperialism and the First World War
• Post war Europe and India
• Mahatma Gandhi and the transformation of Indian Nationalism
• Non-cooperation and civil disobedience movements

History: Unit 07

• Fascism in Germany and Italy
• Fascist aggression-collapse of democracy, failure of the league of nations
• Second World War

History: Unit 08

• Various trends within the Congress-left politics
• Revolutionary movements: Punjab and Bengal
• 1942 movement
• Subhas Chandra and I.N.A.
• Post Second World War popular uprisings
• Background of communal politics and two-nation theory
• Partition of India and Indian independence

History: Unit 09

• Constitution of India-salient features
• Institutional framework of the Indian democratic republic
• Growth of parliamentary democracy-multi-party system

History: Unit 10

• Formation of the U.N.O.
• Cold war: Its origin
• National liberation movements in Asia and Africa
• India’s policy of non-alignment

Geography: Unit 01

• Lithosphere: Landforms and their classification, mountains-fold, block, volcanic and relict mountains, plateaus-dissected, intermontane and lava plateaus, plains-alluvial flood plains, deltaic plains and coastal plains
• Lithosphere: Weathering of the earth’s crust-mechanical and chemical, their causes and effects–formation of soil, works of rivers, glaciers and winds as agents of erosion and deposition
• Atmosphere: Composition of the atmosphere, major factors influencing air temperature and pressure, temperature and pressure belts of the world
• Atmosphere: Mechanism and types of winds, humidity and precipitation (interrelationship among different elements of weather and climate wherever possible)
• Physical geography: Ocean currents, tides

Geography: Unit 02

• India: Physical geography of India-relief-physiographic divisions with salient features, drainage-major rivers and their characteristics, climate-climate regions, seasons, vagaries of monsoon-drought and flood
• India: Physical geography of India-natural vegetation and soil-major types and characteristics
• India: Economic geography of India-agriculture-importance and forms of irrigation major crops: Food crops–rice, wheat, plantation crops-tea and coffee, fibre crops-cotton and jute. Industries: Textiles–cotton and jute; iron and steel
• India: Economic geography of India-engineering-locomotives and automobiles: Petro-chemical
• Asia: An outline of physical features–relief, drainage, climate and natural vegetation

Life science: Unit 01

• Definition and explanation
• Plants: Means of removal of excretory products. Mention shedding of leaves, barkand fruits. Types of excretory products and its economic importance (gums, resins, alkaloid and latex)
• Animal: Human nephron as structural and functional unit of kidney, excretion ofnitrogenous wastes through kidney after reabsorption of essential substances. Mention in brief the role of skin, lungs, liver in animal excretion

Life science: Unit 02

• Nervous system: Outline classification and components of
• Nervous system: Neurone–structural and functional unit
• Nerves-afferent and efferent types, synapse, ganglion, reflex action with common examples
• Central nervous system (brain and spinal cord–components and functions)
• Sense organs: (i) Eye-structure and function, (ii) ear structure and function (details not required), (iii) sensory functions of tongue, skin and nose

Life science: Unit 03

• Plant hormones: General idea, definition, characteristics, site of formation, functions and common examples of natural and synthetic hormones of: Auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin
• Animal hormones: Endocrine, exocrine glands and mixed glands–definition and example, site of secretion and function of the following hormones in man: Anterrior pituitary (ACTH, GH, TSH, GTH), insulin (pancreas), thyroxin (thyroid)
• Animal hormones: Site of secretion and function of the following hormones in man-adrenalin (adrenal), oestrogen, progesteron, testosteron (gonads)

Life science: Unit 04

• Definition, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
• Morphology of eukaryotic chromosome (mention chromatid and centromere)
• Composition of eukaryotic chromosome (mention-DNA, RNA and protein)
• Definition of autosome, sex chromosome and gene, cell division-types: Amitosis and mitosis and meiosis (definition occurrence and significance with example)
• Cell cycle: Definition and phases only
• Mitosis–in plants and animals, stages of mitosis, important features with diagrams
• Cytokinesis–definition and differences between plants and animals

Life science: Unit 05

• Definition and importance of vegetative, asexual, sexual reproduction and parthenogenesis
• Examples from plants and animals
• Alternation of generation: Definition and example, heredity-definition and explanation: Experiments on Mendel's monohybrid dihybrid cross (experiments), mention laws of Mendel, mention the reasons for choosing pea plants for Mendel's experiments
• Alternation of generation: Mention 7 pairs of contrasting characters in pea plants. Mendelian inheritance in guineapig/ drosophila. Outline concept of sex determination in man

Life science: Unit 06

• Definition and explanation
• Evidence: Morphological (basic similarity in certainlike limbs, heart and vestigial organs) and palaentological (horse)
• Theories of evolution-Lamarckism and Darwinism (as put forwaded by Lamarck and Darwin)

Life science: Unit 07

• Definition and explanation
• Adaptive features of the following plants and animals–plants: Lotus, cactus, sundri, animals: Rohu fish, pigeon

Life science: Unit 08

• Virus: Definition and characteristics (detail structure not required), bacteriophage (definition, example and significance). Pathogenic viruses–influenza, HIV and Polio virus (mode of transmission)
• Microbes: Definition and types (bacteria, fungi and protozoa only)
• Bacteria: Definition and significance-(a) beneficial–lactobacillius and rhizobium, (b) harmful–vibrio cholerae, mycobacterium leprae, mycobacterium tuberculosis and salmonella typhosa
• Fungus: Definition and significance–(a) beneficial–penicillium and saccharomyces carevisiae. (b) harmful–Aspergillus and Puccinia graministritici
• Protozoa: Definition and significance. Pathogenic protozoa–Plasmodium and Entamoeba
• Disease and hygiene: Diseases caused by carriers–house fly, mosquito, diseases caused by blood transfusion mainly AIDS Hepatitis and Malaria. Use of common disinfectants, vaccination and immunisation (outline ideas only)

Physical science: Unit 01

• Concept of atom, Dalton’s atomic theory (critical study not required)
• Nucleus, and extra nuclear electrons
• Structure of nucleus-constituents (protons and neutrons only)
• Simple mention of nuclear force
• Mass and charge of electron, proton, neutron
• Planetary model of atom-similarities and dissimilarities with solar systems
• Distribution of electrons in K, L, M, N shell: Electronic configuration upto calcium
• Atomic number and mass number
• Atomic mass (based on 12C=12,00000)
• Nuclide (an atom with a particular atomic number and mass number)
• Isotopes (definition)-isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, chlorine, isotopes have similar chemical properties
• Ions definition with example

Physical science: Unit 02

• Boyle’s law: Statement and explanation with mathematical expression
• Charles’ law: Statement and explanation with mathematical expression
• Concept of Kelvin (absolute) temperature
• Kelvin scale–relationship with celsius scale
• Charles, law in terms of Kelvin temperature
• Standard temperature and pressure (STP)
• Combined Charles' law and Boyle’s law PV/T =Constant
• Simple numerical problems
• Brief mention of the motion of gas molecules anddependence of pressure and temperature on such motion (very elementary non-mathematical discussion)

Physical science: Unit 03

• Concept of molecules
• Statement and explanation of Avogadro's law
• Molecular mass based on 12C=1200000
• Gram atomic mass and gram molecular mass
• Molar volume
• Statement of deductions from Avogadro’s law (deduction not required): Molecules of common elementary gases like hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen are diatomic. Gram-molecular volume of all gases at NTP is 22.4 litres
• Avogadro number (definition with explanation)
• Mole-unit of amount of substance

Physical science: Unit 04

• Weight calculations using chemical equation

Physical science: Unit 05

• Heat and temperature-(definition and difference), unit of heat, celsius, Fahrenheit scale of temperature and numerical examples on conversion
• Factors determining the quantities of heat-idea of specific heat, unit-cal/gm/°C, principle of calorimetry
• Definition of thermal capacity and water equivalent
• Simple numerical examples

Physical science: Unit 06

• Lens-convex and concave, optical centre-focussing action and focal length, linear magnification, distinction between real and virtual images; formation of magnified real and virtual images by a convex lens, magnifying glass
• Dispersion of light-definition, dispersion of white light by a prism
• Spectrum-pure and impure (distinction only)

Physical science: Unit 07

• Current-charges in motion, concept of EMF
• Potential difference–Ohm’s law and resistance, units of current, EMF and resistance, dependence of resistance on length and cross-section, resistances in series and parallel, simple problems
• Demonstration with dry batteries, resistances, torch-light lamps and switch
• Heating effect of current-Joule’s law with practical application to heater and electric iron, electrical power and energy, household consumption
• Household circuits–switches, fuses, three-pin plugs, earthing, colour coding of wires
• Magnetic effect of current, Ampere’s swimming rule
• Action of magnet on current, Fleming’s left hand rule, Burlow’s wheel and application in case of a motor, electromagnet–its strength and use; use of voltameter and anmeter

Physical science: Unit 08

• Thermionic emission (basic idea-no analytical details) and hot cathode ray tube: Diode valve (principle only)
• Principle of production of X-rays-properties and uses
• Natural radioactivity–the nature of α, β, and γ rays (charge and mass), penetrating power, radioactivity-a nuclear phenomenon, hazards and safety precautions
• Simple idea of fission, fusion (only qualitative idea)

Physical science: Unit 09

• Periodicity of properties of elements
• Mendeleef’s periodic law
• Modified Mendeleef’s periodic law
• Periodic table based on modified periodic law (atomic number)
• Periods, groups and sub-groups (mention only)
• Periodic properties and their variations in periods (2nd and 3rd periods) and groups (Li, Na, K) and (F, Cl, Br, I), atomioc size, metallic character, non-metallic character, electronegativity (Pauling’s definition only)
• Position of hydrogen, alkali metals, halogens and inert gases in the periodic table
• Modern long from of periodic table (IUPAC numbering of groups): Full table to be shown but to be studied upto period 3 (upto Ar)

Physical science: Unit 10

• What is a chemical bond?, simple idea of electrovalent and covalent bonds formed by transfer and sharing of electrons respectively
• Characteristic properties of electrovalent and covalent compounds and difference between them
• Electron-dot structures of: NaCl, CaO, H, O, N, HCl, HO, CH

Physical science: Unit 11

• Oxidation: Loss of electron, reduction: Gain of electron
• Oxidant and reductant, simple examples
• Oxidation and reduction take place simultaneously-electronic explanation

Physical science: Unit 12

• Ions and migration of ions during electrolysis
• Elementary idea of electrolytes and non-electrolytes
• Acids, bases, and salts as electrolytes
• Electrolysis (definition), voltameter and electrodes
• Electrolysis of water with Pt-electrodes, and electrolysis of copper sulphate with copper electrodes
• Application of electrolysis: (i) Electroplating (with copper), nickel
• Application of electrolysis: (ii) Extraction of metals (example with the extraction of aluminium only. only meterials with their physical states and electrodes required. No technical description or equationrequired). (iii) Prification of copper

Physical science: Unit 13

• Laboratory method of preparation of hydrogen chloride and hydrochloride acid from sodium chloride
• Preparation of nitric acid from chilli salt petre
• Fuming nitric acid
• Catalytic oxidation of ammonia for the production of nitric acid (only principle-conditions and equations. No technical discussion required)
• Contact process for the manufacture of sulphuric acid (only principle-conditions and equations. No technical discussion, diagram, etc, required)
• Fuming sulphuric acid, pollution of air by SO-from automobiles, metallurgical process of S-containingores (mention only), from oil refineries
• Danger to historical monuments like Tajmahal, (stone cancer), possible remedial measures
• Physical properties of HCl, HNO, HSO: Colour, odour, solubility, density and boiling point
• Chemical properties of HCl, HNO, and HSO
• Reactions: With alikali with metals (Mg, Fe and Cu) with AgNO and BaCl, in case of HNO reaction in hot and concentrated condition only with the above metals
• Oxidising action of conc, HNO and conc, HSO (on Cu-turnings and charcoal)Dehydration action of conc, HSO
• Ring test for HNO (demonstration), identification and distinction of the three acids–by AgNO, BaCl and Cu-turnings
• Aqua regia (equation not required) its use
• Pollution (of air, water) from Golsmith’s workshop–its possible remedy, acid rain (due to presence of SO and NO in air)
• Uses of hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid and nitric acid

Physical science: Unit 14

• Washing soda, common salt, bleaching powder, slaked lime, copper sulphate, ammonium sulphate, urea, soap, detergent, methylated spirit, vinegar, rectified spirit, naphthalene
• Regarding nature the following points are to be studied: (i) Solid, liquid, or gas (ii) colour, (iii) odour, (iv) volatility, (v) solubility in water, (vi) acid, base, or salt, (vii) organic or inorganic, (viii) hazard, if any
• Hazard of using ammonium sulphate repeatedly as a fertilizer, health hazard of using copper sulphate for colouring vegetables and as pesticides

Physical science: Unit 15

• Important ores (definition of ore to be given) and uses
• Reaction with-(i) air, (ii) water, (iii) alkalis
• Alloy-an elementary idea
• Advantage of using alloys over pure metals (qualitative idea)
• Some important alloys: Brass, stainless steel, bronze, duralumin–their composition and uses only

Physical science: Unit 16

• What is organic chemistry: The role of organic compounds in life process, biomolecules-definition, some biomolecules such as carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins, RNA, DNA-mention only in elementary way. Structures not required
• What is organic chemistry: Bonding in organic compounds (covalent)-different from inorganic compounds (ionic and covalent). Functional group and elementary classification
• What is organic chemistry: Hydrocarbons (saturated and unsaturated–alkane, alkene, alkyne), alcohols (only primary alcohols), aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids, examples (upto three carbon atoms). Constitutional isomerism (definition and example)
• Alkane-definition and general formula: Methane (only)-source (preparation not required) will-o-the-wisp, and uses; burning in oxygen (its value as fuel). Mention that CH is a green-house gas
• Alkene–definition and general formula: Ethylene (only)-source (mention only, laboratory preparation or production by any method not required) and uses: Addition reaction with hydrogen and bromine only
• Alkyne-definition and general formula: Acetylene (only)-source (preparation not required) and uses: Addition reaction with hydrogen and bromine only
• Monomer and polymer: Only definition with example (addition, condensation polymer or polymerisation reaction not required). Some common polymers: Polyethylene, Teflon, PVC-their monomer and uses (structures not required)
• Monomer and polymer: Hazards of using these substances-their non-biodegradability. Danger of using polyethylene materials indiscriminately and possible alternative

Mathematics: Unit 01

• Mixure, different related problems
• Profit and loss
• Interest: Simple and compound (upto three interest period calculating interest of each period)
• Uniform rate of growth

Mathematics: Unit 02

• Determination of H.C.F. and L.C.M. of polynomials by factorisation
• Relation between H.C.F. and L.C.M.
• Solution of linear simultaneous equations involving two unknowns (method of elimination and cross-multiplication)
• Solution of quadratic equation of rational roots
• Acquaintance with Sridhar Acharya’s method
• Simple application
• Problems based on ratio, proportion and variation
• Variation: Direct and inverse, joint variation. Theorem on joint variation (statement only). Simple application
• Inequation involving one or two unknowns
• Graphs of inequations
• Solution region
• Surds
• Basic operations only (upto quadratic surds)

Mathematics: Unit 03

• To establish the following propositions: (a) There exists one and only one circle which passes through three given non-collinear points (no formal proof)
• To establish the following propositions: (b) A straight line drawn from the centre of a circle to bisect a chord whichis not a diameter is at right angles to the chord
• To establish the following propositions: (c) The angle which an arc of a circle subtends at the centre is double that subtends at any part of the remaining part of the circumference
• To establish the following propositions: (d) Angles on the same segment of a circle are equal. If a line segment joining two points subtends equal angles of two other points on the same side of it, the four points shall lie on a circle (no formal proof)
• To establish the following propositions: (e) The angle in a semi-circle is a right angle. (f) The opposite angles of any quadrilateral inscribed in a circle are supplementary
• To establish the following propositions: (g)-(i) The tangents at any point of a circle and its radius through that point areperpendicular to one another
• To establish the following propositions: (g)-(ii) The segments of two tangents of a circle from an external point to the points of contact are equal and the subtend equal angles at the centre
• To establish the following propositions: (g)-(iii) If two circles touch, the point of contact lies on the straight line throughthe centres
• To establish the following propositions: (a) If a straight line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle, the other two sides are divided proportionally (no formal proof) and its converse (no formal proof)
• To establish the following propositions: (b) If two triangles are equiangular, their corresponding sides are proportional and its converse (no formal proof)
• To establish the following propositions: (c) If a perpendicular is drawn from the vertex containing the right angle of a right angled triangle on the hypotenuse
• To establish the following propositions: (c) The triangles of each side of the perpendicular are similar to the whole triangle and to one another. (d) Pythagoras’ theorem and its converse
• Construction: (i) To draw the circum-circle of a triangle. (ii) To draw the incircle of a triangle. (iii) To draw a tangent to a circle-(a) at a point on the circle, (b) from an external point
• Construction: (iv) To draw common tangents to two given circles (both direct and transverse). (v) To draw the mean proportional of two line segments
• Simple application based on above proposition and constructions

Mathematics: Unit 04

• Problems on surface and volume of: (i) A right prism, (ii) a right circular cylinder, (iii) a right Pyramid, (iv) a right circular cone, (v) a sphere (in case of right prism and right pyramid the bases should be confined triangles and rectangles)

Mathematics: Unit 05

• Idea of trigonometrical angles: Positive and negative angles. Measurement of angles in sexagesimal and circular measures only (II radian = 180º to be assumed)
• Definition of trigonometrical ratio of an acute angle
• Trigonometrical ratios of the following angles: 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° (except undefined values)
• Trigonometrical ratios of complementary angles
• Simple problems on height and distance leading to the solution of right-angled triangles involving the angles mentioned above