NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology - Download Chapter wise PDFs

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology are a valuable resource for students who are willing to achieve good exam scores. These solutions break down the complex concepts in simple words and follow the CBSE syllabus closely. Topics like reproduction, genetics, and ecology are covered in a clear and well-understandable language by the experts, which helps students to grasp these important topics easily. Along with answers, well-labelled diagrams are also provided in the NCERT Solutions that make the learning more effective and build a strong foundation in this subject.

This Story also Contains

1. Importance of NCERT Solutions
2. Biology Chapter-wise Solutions for Class 12
3. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology: Chapter Details
4. Key Features of NCERT Solutions

These detailed and clear answers are very useful during the learning of important biology concepts. They make complex topics simpler, making learning easy. Practising with NCERT Solutions for Class 12 can also help students prepare for examinations like NEET, as they focus on important explanations and practice questions. The solutions, understood carefully, increase confidence and problem-solving skills and help students attempt questions during exams confidently.

Importance of NCERT Solutions

The NCERT Solutions serve as a valuable resource to practice for board exams as well as competitive exams like NEET. They provide detailed solutions to NCERT textbook questions and prepare students to tackle questions with the right mindset. It is essential to solve them in order to obtain high marks in exams. NCERT Class 12 biology solutions are provided for 13 chapters with easy and simple language designed by subject experts to provide students a quick grasp of the concepts with better retention. Along with NCERT solutions, students can use NCERT Notes to practice problems and CBSE Class 12 previous year papers for board exam preparation, which increases their confidence and chances of scoring better in exams.

Biology Chapter-wise Solutions for Class 12

Students can go through the solutions of all the chapters in Class 12 Biology to understand the topics and practice questions for better preparation. This increases your learning and makes revision better before exams.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Subject-wise

• NCERT solutions for class 12 Maths
• NCERT solutions for class 12 Chemistry
• NCERT solutions for Class 12 Physics

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology: Chapter Details

Class 12 Biology covers a total of 13 chapters, including reproduction, genetics, microbes in human welfare, etc. All these chapters are well-explained in easy language to help students grasp complex concepts with clarity. These solutions are designed to match the latest NCERT syllabus and are perfect for board exam preparation as well as entrance exams like NEET. Each chapter includes detailed, step-by-step answers to textbook questions, increasing deeper understanding and quick revision.

Unit VI: Reproduction

Chapter 1: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

This chapter explains important processes such as pollination, fertilisation, and the formation of seeds in easy terms. These solutions also help students understand the anatomy and functioning of various components of a flower. Students will also learn about how flowers develop male and female reproductive parts and the steps involved in the life cycle of a flowering plant. It also highlights the importance of double fertilisation, a unique feature in flowering plants. By understanding these processes, students can better appreciate how new plants are formed and how traits are passed on.

Chapter 2: Human Reproduction

This chapter includes the complete process of gamete formation (gametogenesis)in both males and females, followed by a complete explanation of topics like fertilisation, pregnancy, and childbirth. In addition to understanding human reproductive systems, students will also explore various components that form the male and female reproductive systems, the hormonal regulation of processes like implantation and the menstrual cycle, and the entire process of childbirth with the help of images and flowcharts for quick revision and better retention.

Chapter 3: Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health is an important chapter under the 12th syllabus, which deals with the health and normal functioning of the reproductive organs. This chapter talks about important topics such as family planning, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), infertility, and birth control measures. NCERT Solutions make it easier for students to grasp the concepts and terms that usually appear in the exams.

Unit VII: Genetics and Evolution

Chapter 4: Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Principles of Inheritance and Variation is an important chapter for 12th with the topic of inheritance of traits from parent to offspring and diversification of characteristics within species. It is the most important chapter that students should learn to understand genetics and heredity, and briefly discusses Mendel's Laws of inheritance, sex determination, mutation, and hereditary diseases. It also includes topics like principles controlling character expression, dominant and recessive genes, mono and dihybrid crosses, and Punnett squares, which increases its importance for both board and competitive exams.

Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

This chapter focuses on the fundamental processes of genetic inheritance, covering DNA replication, transcription, translation, and gene expression. The NCERT Solutions class 12 for this chapter explains DNA as the genetic material in most organisms. The two types of nucleic acids found in living systems are DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (Ribonucleic acid). RNA, though it serves as genetic material in some viruses, primarily functions as a messenger and also acts as a catalytic molecule.

Chapter 6: Evolution

This chapter explores interesting facts about the origin and the first organisms that came into existence, and the theories and mechanisms of evolution to prove these facts. It also includes the Miller-Urey experiment explains the origin of life on Earth, along with different evidence from palaeontology, morphology, embryology, and genetics, which suggests that complex organisms evolved from simpler ones. Students will also learn about Darwin's Theory of natural selection and Lamarckism, which have made the basis for explaining evolution.

Unit VIII: Biology and Human Welfare

Chapter 7: Human Health and Diseases

This chapter explains the most important points of human health and types of diseases. It talks about different kinds of immunity, like innate and acquired immunity, and how the immune system battles infections. Diseases such as bacterial, viral, fungal, and protozoan infections, along with their causes, symptoms, and prevention, are also explained. It also discusses vaccination, antibiotics, and other measures for controlling diseases. Lifestyle diseases like AIDS, cancer, drug addiction, and mental illness are also covered.

Chapter 8: Microbes in Human Welfare

This chapter will help students understand that while some microbes can be harmful, many are beneficial in the production of various food items, like dairy products such as curd, butter, bread, and tofu. Additionally, microbes are also used in the creation of important medicines, including penicillin. Microbes also play a crucial role in the treatment of sewage and energy generation, such as the production of Biogas, and act as biofertilizers, which is also covered in this chapter.

Unit IX: Biotechnology and Its Applications

Chapter 9: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

Biotechnology Principles and Processes is an important chapter in Class 12 Biology that discusses the principles and methods applied to genetic engineering as well as microbial biotechnology. It is amongst the most essential chapters in determining how biological processes can be used for the well-being of humankind. It includes discussions about recombinant DNA technology, restriction enzymes, cloning vectors, PCR, and bioprocess engineering. Students will find all the processes interesting to study, and thus increases the clarity of the concepts.

Chapter 10: Biotechnology and Its Applications

This chapter provides a detailed understanding of how biotechnology is used in various fields, including agriculture, medicine, and environmental conservation. It also highlights important topics such as genetically modified organisms (GMOs), transgenic animals, biotechnological applications in health and industry, and ethical concerns related to genetic engineering. Students learn about the role of biotechnology in improving crop yields, developing vaccines, and addressing environmental challenges. The chapter also explains key concepts like gene therapy, biopesticides, biofertilizers, and the production of transgenic organisms.

Unit X: Ecology and Environment

Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations

It describes how various organisms respond to their environment and how populations increase and evolve. It explains important factors such as ecological adaptations, interactions among organisms, and environmental factors influencing survival. Students also learn about population traits such as birth rate, death rate, and age structure. It helps to explain how living organisms adapt to temperature change, water availability, and other factors in their environments. Population growth patterns, competition, and other relationships between species are very well-explained.

Chapter 12: Ecosystem

This chapter provides a thorough understanding of the interactions between living organisms and their physical environment. Students learn how ecosystem function, including food chains and food webs. It also explained the key processes like decomposition and biogeochemical cycles.

Chapter 13: Biodiversity and Conservation

It includes topics like species diversity, ecological balance, and conservation strategies. Bioodiversity loss due to human activities is a major concern, making conservation efforts essential. It covers topics like endangered species, conservation strategies, and laws protecting biodiversity, which makes it an essential chapter for the board exams.

Also, Read NCERT Class-wise Solutions

• NCERT solutions for class 11
• NCERT solutions for class 10
• NCERT solutions for class 9

Key Features of NCERT Solutions

The NCERT Solutions are designed to make learning easier for students by providing clear, detailed, and exam-focused explanations. Some of the key features are given below:

1. Solutions are described in simple language for better understanding.
2. Answers are given in clear points, which allow students to quickly grasp the concepts.
3. Solutions are prepared that match the latest CBSE syllabus.
4. They are effective for NEET and other medical entrance exams.
5. Definitions and principles are explained without using technical terms and in easy language.