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    NCERT Exemplar Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Number Systems

    Edited By Ravindra Pindel | Updated on Aug 31, 2022 11:38 AM IST

    NCERT Exemplar Class 9 Maths solutions chapter 1 provide detailed answers for questions related to Number System. These problems and their solutions are devised for a better knowledge of the chapter 1 of NCERT Class 9 Maths Book. These solutions are extremely useful in understanding the concepts and know-how of real numbers. Experts have created these NCERT exemplar solutions for Class 9 Maths chapter 1 with a thorough analysis.

    The NCERT exemplar Class 9 Maths chapter 1 solutions provided for exemplar problems are detailed and expressive. These are helpful to pinpoint the critical understanding of concepts. The NCERT exemplar Class 9 Maths solutions chapter 1 are in accord with the CBSE syllabus for Class 9.

    Also, read - NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths

    NCERT Exemplar Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter-1: Exercise-1.1

    Question:1

    Every rational number is:
    (A)A natural number
    (B)An integer
    (C)A real number
    (D) A whole number

    Answer:

    Answer: [C]
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. So it is basically a fraction with non-zero denominator.
    Examples: 4/5, 2/3, -6/7
    (A) All the positive integers from 1 to infinity are natural numbers. These cannot be fractions.
    Examples: 1, 2, 3, 4 and so on
    (B) An integer is a number which can be written without fractional components or decimal representation. They can be positive, negative or zero.
    Examples: \left \{ .......,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,......... \right \}
    (C) All numbers that we generally use are real numbers. They can be positive, negative, decimal, whole, natural, integer etc.
    Examples: 0.123, -2.5,0,2,5,6.3456
    (D) All the positive integers from 0 to infinity are whole numbers. These cannot be fractions.
    Examples: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and so on
    From the above definitions we can easily see that every rational number is a real number. Therefore option (C) is correct.

    Question:2

    Between two rational numbers:

    (A)There is no rational number
    (B)there is exactly one rational number
    (C)there are infinitely many rational numbers
    (D)no irrational number

    Answer:

    Answer: [C]
    Solution.
    Firstly let us define a rational number.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. So it is basically a fraction with non-zero denominator.
    Examples: 4/5, 2/3, -6/7
    So we can say that it is a type of real number.
    Similarly we can see that irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    Examples: \sqrt{2},\sqrt{3},\pi
    So we can say that between two rational numbers, there are infinitely many rational numbers.
    For Example: between rational numbers 5 and 4, there are rational numbers like 4.1, 4.11, 4.12, 4.13………and so on.
    Therefore option (C) is correct.

    Question:3

    Decimal representation of a rational number cannot be :
    (A)Terminating
    (B)non-terminating
    (C)non-terminating repeating
    (D)non-terminating non-repeating

    Answer:

    Answer: [D]
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. So it is basically a fraction with non-zero denominator.
    Examples: 4/5, 2/3, -6/7
    Terminating decimals have a finite number of digits after decimal point,
    Examples: 1/2 = 0.5, 3/5 = 0.6
    Non terminating decimals are the ones which keep on continuing after decimal point.
    Examples: 1/3 = 0.3333..., 5/11 = 0.454545....
    Recurring decimals are those non terminating decimals which have a particular pattern/sequence that keeps on repeating itself after the decimal point. They are also called repeating decimals.
    Examples: 1/3 = 0.33333....., 4/11 = 0.363636....
    Non-Recurring decimals are those non terminating decimals which do not have a particular pattern/sequence after the decimal point. They are also called non repeating decimals.
    Examples:
    \sqrt{2}=1.414213562373
    \sqrt{3}=1.732050807568
    \pi =3.14159265359
    So by the above definitions we can see that the decimal representation of a rational number cannot be non-terminating non repeating because decimal expansion of rational number is either terminating or non-terminating recurring (repeating).
    Therefore option (D) is correct.

    Question:4

    The product of any two irrational number is
    (A)always an irrational number
    (B)always a rational number
    (C)always an integer
    (D)sometimes rational, sometimes irrational

    Answer:

    Answer: [D]
    Solution.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    Examples: \sqrt{2},\sqrt{3},\pi
    The product of two irrational numbers can be rational or irrational depending on the two numbers.
    For example, \sqrt{2}\times \sqrt{2} is 2 which is a rational number
    whereas \sqrt{2}\times \sqrt{3} is \sqrt{6} which is an irrational number.
    Therefore option (D) is correct.

    Question:5

    The decimal expansion of the number \sqrt{2} is.
    (A) A finite decimal
    (B) 1.41421
    (C) non-terminating recurring
    (D) non-terminating non-recurring

    Answer:

    Answer: [D]
    Solution.
    Terminating decimals have a finite number of digits after decimal point,
    Examples: 1/2 = 0.5, 3/5 = 0.6
    Non terminating decimals are the ones which keep on continuing after decimal point.
    Examples: 1/3 = 0.33333...., 5/11 = 0.454545...
    Recurring decimals are those non terminating decimals which have a particular pattern/sequence that keeps on repeating itself after the decimal point. They are also called repeating decimals.
    Examples: 1/3 = 0.33333..., 4/11 = 0.363636....
    Non-Recurring decimals are those non terminating decimals which do not have a particular pattern/sequence after the decimal point. They are also called non repeating decimals.
    Examples:
    \sqrt{2}=1.414213562373
    \sqrt{3}=1.732050807568
    \pi =3.14159265359
    So, the decimal expansion of the number \sqrt{2} is non-terminating non-recurring. It is an irrational number which is a non-terminating non-recurring decimal expansion.
    Therefore option (D) is correct.

    Question:6

    Which of the following is irrational?
    (A) \sqrt{\frac{4}{9}}
    (B) \frac{\sqrt{12}}{\sqrt{3}}
    (C) \sqrt{7 }
    (D) \sqrt{81}

    Answer:

    Answer: [C]
    Solution.

    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    Examples: \sqrt{2},\sqrt{3},\pi
    \sqrt{\frac{4}{9}}=\frac{2}{3} (rational)
    \frac{\sqrt{12}}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}=2 (rational)
    \sqrt{81}=9 (rational)
    but \sqrt{7} is an irrational number.
    Therefore option (C) is correct.

    Question:7

    Which of the following is irrational?
    (A) 0.14
    (B) 0.14\overline{16}
    (C) 0.\overline{1416}
    (D) 0.4014001400014

    Answer:

    Answer: [D]
    Solution.

    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    Examples: \sqrt{2},\sqrt{3},\pi
    Irrational cannot be expressed in form of p/q form and its decimal expansion is non- terminating non-recurring decimal expansions.
    Non-Recurring non terminating decimals do not have a particular pattern/sequence after the decimal point. They are also called non repeating decimals.
    Examples:
    \sqrt{2}=1.414213562373
    \sqrt{3}=1.732050807568
    \pi =3.14159265359
    In the given options, only option D is non-terminating non-recurring decimal as it satisfies the above definition.
    Therefore option (D) is correct.

    Question:8

    A rational number between \sqrt{2} and \sqrt{3} is –
    (A) \frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{2}
    (B) \frac{\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3}}{2}
    (C) 1.5
    (D) 1.8

    Answer:

    Answer: [C]
    Solution.

    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. So it is basically a fraction with non-zero denominator.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    Now, we have \sqrt{2}=1.414 and \sqrt{3}= 1.732
    (A) \frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{2} cannot be represented as simple fraction hence it is irrational.
    (B) \frac{\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3}}{2} =\frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}=\sqrt{1.5} cannot be represented as simple fraction hence it is irrational.
    (C) 1.5 is a rational number between \sqrt{2}=1.414 and \sqrt{3}= 1.732
    Q 1.414 < 1.5 < 1.732
    (D) 1.8 is a rational number but does not lie between
    \sqrt{2}=1.414 and \sqrt{3}= 1.732.
    Q 1.732 < 1.8

    Therefore option (C) is correct.

    Question:9

    The value of 1.999 ___in the form \frac{p}{q} where p and q are integers and q \neq0, is
    (A)\frac{19}{10}
    (B)\frac{1999}{1000}
    (C)2
    (D)\frac{1}{9}

    Answer:

    Answer. [C]
    Solution.

    Let x = 1.999……
    Since, one digit is repeating, we multiply x by 10
    we get, 10x = 19.999……..
    so, 10x = 18 + 1.999………
    10x = 18 + x
    Therefore, 10x – x = 18, i.e., 9x = 18
    i.e., x= \frac{18}{9}= \frac{2}{1}= 2
    Hence option C is correct answer.

    Question:10

    2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3} is equal to –
    (A).2\sqrt{6}
    (B) 6
    (C)3\sqrt{3}
    (D) 4\sqrt{6}

    Answer:

    Answer. [C]
    Solution.
    We can see that both the numbers \sqrt{3} and 2\sqrt{3} are irrational numbers.
    So their decimal representation will be non terminating, non repeating. So we
    cannot find the exact answer by adding their decimal representations.
    Now 2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3} can be written as
    = \sqrt{3}\left ( 2+1 \right ) Taking \sqrt{3} common
    Hence the correct answer is 3\sqrt{3}

    Question:11

    \sqrt{10}\times \sqrt{15}is equal to :
    (A)6\sqrt{5}
    (B)5\sqrt{6}
    (C)\sqrt{25}
    (D)10\sqrt{5}

    Answer:

    Answer. [B] 5\sqrt{6}
    Solution.
    We know that
    10= 5\times 2
    15= 5\times 3
    So we have,
    \sqrt{10}\times \sqrt{15}= \sqrt{5\times 2}\times \sqrt{5\times 3}
    This can be written as
    = \sqrt{5\times 5\times2\times3}
    =5 \sqrt{2\times 3}
    =5 \sqrt{6}
    Therefore option (B) is correct.

    Question:12

    The number obtained on rationalizing the denominator of \frac{1}{\sqrt{7}-2} is :
    (A) \frac{\sqrt{7}+2}{3}
    (B)\frac{\sqrt{7}-2}{3}
    (C)\frac{\sqrt{7}+2}{5}
    (D)\frac{\sqrt{7}+2}{45}

    Answer:

    Answer. [A]
    Solution
    .
    We have, \frac{1}{\sqrt{7}-2}
    We have to rationalize it
    \frac{1}{\sqrt{7}-2}\times \frac{\sqrt{7}+2}{\sqrt{7}+2} [Multiplying numerator and denominator by \sqrt{7}+2]
    = \frac{\sqrt{7}+2}{\left ( \sqrt{7} \right )^{2}-\left ( 2 \right )^{2}} [\because (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2]
    = \frac{\sqrt{7}+2}{7-4}
    = \frac{\sqrt{7}+2}{3}
    Hence option A is correct.

    Question:13

    \frac{1}{\sqrt{9}-\sqrt{8}} is equal to :
    (A) \frac{1}{2}\left ( 3-2\sqrt{2} \right )
    (B) \frac{1}{3+2\sqrt{2}}
    (C)3-2\sqrt{2}
    (D) 3+2\sqrt{2}

    Answer:

    Answer.[D]
    Solution.
    We have, \frac{1}{\sqrt{9}-\sqrt{8}}
    We have to rationalize it
    \frac{1}{\sqrt{9}-\sqrt{8}}\times \frac{\sqrt{9}+\sqrt{8}}{\sqrt{9}+\sqrt{8}} [Multiplying and dividing by \sqrt{9}+\sqrt{8}]
    = \frac{\sqrt{9}+\sqrt{8}}{\left ( \sqrt{9} \right )^{2}-\left ( \sqrt{8} \right )^{2}} [\because (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2]
    =\frac{3+2\sqrt{2}}{9-8}
    = 3+2\sqrt{2}
    Hence option D is correct.

    Question:14

    After rationalizing the denominator of \frac{7}{3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2}} we get the denominator as:
    (A)13
    (B)19
    (C)5
    (D)35

    Answer:

    Answer. [B]
    Solution.

    We have,\frac{7}{3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2}}
    We have to rationalize it
    \frac{7}{3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2}}\times \frac{3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}}{3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}}
    [Multiplying numerator and denominator by 3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}]
    = \frac{7\left ( 3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2} \right )}{\left ( 3\sqrt{3} \right )^{2}-\left ( 2\sqrt{2} \right )^{2}} [\because (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2]
    \frac{7\left ( 3\sqrt{3} \right )+2\sqrt{2}}{27-8}
    = \frac{7\left ( 3\sqrt{3} \right )+2\sqrt{2}}{19}
    Therefore we get the denominator as 19.
    Hence (B) is the correct option.

    Question:15

    The value of \frac{\sqrt{32}+\sqrt{48}}{\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{12}} is equal to :
    (A) \sqrt{2}
    (B) 2
    (C)4
    (D) 8

    Answer:

    Answer. [B]
    Solution.
    \sqrt{32}+\sqrt{48}= \sqrt{16\times 2}+\sqrt{16\times3}= 4\left ( \sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3} \right )
    \sqrt{8}+\sqrt{12}= \sqrt{4\times 2}+\sqrt{4\times3}= 2\left ( \sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3} \right )
    \frac{\sqrt{32}+\sqrt{48}}{\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{12}}= \frac{4\left ( \sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3} \right )}{2\left ( \sqrt{2} \right )+\sqrt{3}}= 2

    Hence (B) is the correrct option.

    Question:16

    If \sqrt{2}= 1\cdot 4142 = 1.4142 then \sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{\sqrt{2}+1}} is equal to :
    (A)2.4142
    (B)5.8282
    (C)0.4142
    (D)0.1718

    Answer:

    Answer. [C]
    Solution

    We have, \sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{\sqrt{2}+1}}
    We have to rationalize it
    \sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{\sqrt{2}+1}\times \frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{\sqrt{2}-1}} [Multiplying numerator and denominator by \sqrt{2}-1]
    = \frac{\sqrt{\left ( \sqrt{2}-1 \right )\times\left ( \sqrt{2} -1\right ) }}{\sqrt{\left ( \sqrt{2} \right )^{2}-\left ( 1 \right )^{2}}} [\because (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2]
    = \frac{\sqrt{\left ( \sqrt{2}-1 \right )^{2}}}{1}
    \sqrt{\left ( \sqrt{2}-1 \right )^{2}}
    =\sqrt{2}-1
    =1\cdot 4142-1
    =0.4142
    Hence option C is correct.

    Question:17

    \sqrt[4]{\sqrt[3]{2^{2}}} equals :-
    (A) 2^{-\frac{1}{6}}
    (B)2-6
    (C) 2^{\frac{1}{6}}
    (D) 2^{6}

    Answer:

    Answer. [C]
    Solution.

    We have, \sqrt[4]{\sqrt[3]{2^{2}}} =\left ( \left ( 2^{2} \right )^{}\frac{1}{3} \right )^{\frac{1}{4}}
    \because \sqrt[n]{a}= \left ( a \right )^{\frac{1}{n}}
    \because \left ( a^{m} \right )^{n}= a^{m\times n}
    So we get,
    \left ( 2 \right )^{2\times \frac{1}{3}\times \frac{1}{4}}
    = \left ( 2 \right )^{\frac{1}{3}\times \frac{1}{2}}
    = \left ( 2 \right )^{\frac{1}{6}}
    Hence option C is correct.

    Question:18

    The product \sqrt[3]{2}.\sqrt[4]{2}.\sqrt[12]{32} equals:
    (A)\sqrt{2}
    (B)2
    (C)12\sqrt{2}
    (D)12\sqrt{32}

    Answer:

    Answer. [B]
    Solution.
    We have, \sqrt[3]{2}.\sqrt[4]{2}.\sqrt[12]{32}
    We know that \sqrt[n]{a}= \left ( a \right )^{\frac{1}{n}}
    \sqrt[3]{2}.\sqrt[4]{2}.\sqrt[12]{32}=\left ( 2 \right )^{\frac{1}{3}}\left ( 2 \right )^{\frac{1}{4}}\left ( 2\cdot 2\cdot 2\cdot 2\cdot 2 \right )^{\frac{1}{12}}
    = \left ( 2 \right )^{\frac{1}{3}}\left ( 2 \right )^{\frac{1}{4}}\left ( 2^{5} \right )^{\frac{1}{12}}
    = \left ( 2 \right )^{\frac{1}{3}}\left ( 2 \right )^{\frac{1}{4}}\left ( 2 \right )^{\frac{5}{12}} \because \left ( a^{m} \right )^{n}= a^{m\times n}
    = \left ( 2 \right )^{\frac{1}{3}+ \frac{1}{4}+\frac{5}{12}}
    \because a^{m}\times a^{n}= a^{m+n}
    Now, \frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{5}{12}= \frac{4+3+5}{12}= \frac{12}{12}= 1
    So, \left ( 2 \right )^{\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{5}{12}}=2^{1}= 2
    Hence option B is correct.

    Question:19

    The value of \sqrt[4]{\left ( 81 \right )^{-2}}is :
    (A)\frac{1}{9}
    (B)\frac{1}{3}
    (C)9
    (D)\frac{1}{81}

    Answer:

    Answer. [A]
    Solution.
    We have, \sqrt[4]{\left ( 81 \right )^{-2}}
    We know that \sqrt[n]{a}= \left ( a \right )^{\frac{1}{n}}
    So,
    \sqrt[4]{\left ( 81 \right )^{-2}}= \left ( \left ( 81 \right )^{-2} \right )^{\frac{1}{4}}
    =\left ( 81 \right )^{-2\times \frac{1}{4}} \because \left ( a^{m} \right )^{n}= a^{m\times n}
    = 81^{-\frac{1}{2}}= \left ( \frac{1}{81} \right )^{\frac{1}{2}} \because \left ( a^{-m}= \left ( \frac{1}{a} \right )^{m} \right )
    = \sqrt{\frac{1}{81}}
    =\frac{1}{9}
    Hence option A is correct

    Question:20

    Value of (256)0.16 × (256)0.09 is :
    (A) 4
    (B) 16
    (C) 64
    (D) 256.25

    Answer:

    Answer. [A]
    Solution.
    We have,
    (256)0.16 × (256)0.09 [\because am × an = am+n]
    = (256)0.16 + 0.09
    = (256)0.25
    = \left ( 256 \right )^{\frac{25}{100}}
    = \left ( 256 \right )^{\frac{1}{4}}
    Now 256 = 28 = (22)4 = 44
    = (44)1/4 [\because (am)n = amn]
    = 4
    Hence option A is correct.

    Question:21

    Which of the following is equal to x?
    (A)x^{\frac{12}{7}}+x^{\frac{5}{7}}
    (B)\sqrt[12]{\left ( x^{4} \right )^{\frac{1}{3}}}
    (C)\left ( \sqrt{x^{3}} \right )^{\frac{2}{3}}
    (D)x^{\frac{12}{7}}\times x^{\frac{7}{12}}

    Answer:

    Answer. [C]
    Solution.
    (A) We have,
    x^{\frac{12}{7}}+x^{\frac{5}{7}}= x^{\frac{1}{7}\left ( 12 \right )}+x^{\frac{1}{7}\left ( 5 \right )}
    = x^{\frac{1}{7}}\left ( x^{12} +x^{5}\right )\neq x
    (B) We have,
    \sqrt[12]{\left ( x^{4} \right )^{\frac{1}{3}}}=\left ( \left ( x^{4} \right ) ^{\frac{1}{3}}\right )^{\frac{1}{12}} \left ( \sqrt[n]{a} = \left ( a \right )^{\frac{1}{n}}\right )
    = x^{4\times ^{\frac{1}{3}\times \frac{1}{12}}}= x^{\frac{1}{9}} \because \left ( a^{m} \right )^{n}= a^{m\times n}
    \neq x
    (C) We have,
    \left ( \sqrt{x^{3}} \right )^{\frac{2}{3}}= \left ( \left ( x^{3} \right ) ^{\frac{2}{3}}\right )^{\frac{1}{2}} \left ( \sqrt[n]{a} = \left ( a \right )^{\frac{1}{n}}\right )
    = x^{3\times \frac{2}{3}\times \frac{1}{2}} \because \left ( a^{m} \right )^{n}= a^{m\times n}
    = x
    (D) We have,
    x^{\frac{12}{7}}\times x^{\frac{7}{12}}= x^{\frac{12}{7}+\frac{7}{12}}= x^{\frac{144+49}{84}}\neq x
    \because a^{m}\times a^{n}= a^{m+n}
    Hence option C is correct.

    NCERT Exemplar Maths Solutions Class 9 Chapter 1: Exercise-1.2

    Question:1

    Let x and y be rational and irrational number respectively. Is x + y necessarily an irrational number?
    Give an example in support of your answer.

    Answer:

    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. So it is basically a fraction with non-zero denominator.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    Given that x and y be rational and irrational number respectively.
    So, (x + y) is necessarily an irrational number.
    For example, let x=2,y=\sqrt{3}
    Then, x + y = 2+\sqrt{3}
    If possible, let us assume x + y = 2+\sqrt{3} be a rational number.

    Consider a = 2 + \sqrt{3}
    On squaring both sides, we get
    a^{2}=(2+\sqrt{3})^{2}
    (using identity (a + b)^{2} = a^{2} + b^{2} + 2ab)
    \Rightarrow a^{2}=2^{2}+(\sqrt{3})^{2}+2(2)(\sqrt{3})
    \Rightarrow a^{2}=4+3+4\sqrt{3}
    \Rightarrow \frac{a^{2}-7}{4}=\sqrt{3}
    But we have assumed a is rational
    \Rightarrow \frac{a^{2}-7}{4}is rational
    \Rightarrow \sqrt{3} is rational which is not true.
    Hence our assumption was incorrect, so 2+ \sqrt{3}is irrational.
    Hence proved

    Question:2

    Let x be rational and y be irrational. Is xy necessarily irrational? Justify your answer by an example.

    Answer:

    Answer: [xy is not necessarily an irrational number.]
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. So it is basically a fraction with non-zero denominator.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    Given that x and y be rational and irrational number respectively.
    Let x = 0 (a rational number) and y=\sqrt{3}be an irrational number. then,
    xy=0(\sqrt{3})=0, which is not an irrational number.
    Hence, xy is not necessarily an irrational number.

    Question:3

    (i) State whether the given statement is true or false? Justify your answer by an example. \frac{\sqrt{2}}{3} is a rational number.
    (ii) State whether the given statement is true or false? Justify your answer by an example. There are infinitely many integers between any two integers.
    (iii) State whether the given statement is true or false? Justify your answer by an example. Number of rational numbers between 15 and 18 is finite.
    (iv) State whether the given statement is true or false? Justify your answer by an example. There are numbers which cannot be written in the form \frac{p}{q} ,q \neq 0, p and q both are integers.

    (v) State whether the given statement is true or false? Justify your answer by an example. The square of an irrational number is always rational.
    (vi) State whether the given statement is true or false? Justify your answer by an example. \frac{\sqrt{12}}{\sqrt{3}} is not a rational number as \sqrt{12} and \sqrt{3} are not integers.
    (vii) State whether the given statement is true or false? Justify your answer by an example. \frac{\sqrt{15}}{\sqrt{3}}is written in the form \frac{p}{q}, q \neq 0and so it is a rational number.

    Answer:

    (i)
    Answer: False
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. So it is basically a fraction with non-zero denominator.
    Examples: 4/5, 2/3, -6/7
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    Examples: \sqrt{2},\sqrt{3},\pi
    The given number is \frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}.
    Here \sqrt{2} is an irrational number and 3 is a rational number, we know that when we divide irrational number by non-zero rational it always gives an irrational number.
    Hence the given number is irrational.
    Therefore the given statement is False.

    (ii)
    Answer: False
    Solution.
    An integer is a number which can be written without fractional components or decimal representation. They can be positive, negative or zero.
    Examples: \left \{ .....-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,..... \right \}
    The given statement is “There are infinitely many integers between any two integers.”
    This is false, because between two integers (like 1 and 9), there does not exist infinite integers.
    Also, if we consider two consecutive integers (like 8 and 9), there does not exist any integer between them.
    Therefore the given statement is False.

    (iii)
    Answer: False
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. So it is basically a fraction with non-zero denominator.
    Examples: 4/5, 2/3, -6/7
    So, it is a type of real number.
    The given statement is: Number of rational numbers between 15 and 18 is finite.
    If we see the definition of rational numbers as mentioned above, the given statement is false, because between any two rational numbers there exist infinitely many rational numbers.
    Here we have rational numbers between 15 and 18 as:
    16,16.1\left ( =\frac{161}{10} \right ),16.2\left ( =\frac{162}{10} \right ),16.12\left ( =\frac{1612}{100} \right ),..... and infinitely more.
    Therefore the given statement is False.

    (iv) Answer: True,
    Solution:
    There are infinitely many numbers which cannot be written in the form \frac{p}{q} ,q \neq 0, p and q both are integers. These numbers are called irrational numbers
    (v)
    Answer: False
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    The given statement is: The square of an irrational number is always rational.
    This is False, e.g., let us consider irrational numbers \sqrt{2} and \sqrt[4]{2}
    (a)(\sqrt{2})^{2}=2,which is a rational number.
    (b)(\sqrt[4]{2})^{2}=\sqrt{2}, which is an irrational number.
    Hence, square of an irrational number is not always a rational number.
    Therefore the given statement is False.
    (vi)
    Answer: False
    Solution:
    \frac{\sqrt{12}}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{4 \times 3}}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{4} \times \sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}=2 \times 1=2which is a rational number.
    (vii)
    Answer: False
    Solution:
    \frac{\sqrt{15}}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{5 \times 3}}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{5} \times \sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{5}which is an irrational number.

    Question:4

    (i) Classify the given number as rational or irrational with justification.\sqrt{196}.
    (ii) Classify the given number as rational or irrational with justification 3\sqrt{18}
    (iii) Classify the given number as rational or irrational with justification.\sqrt{\frac{9}{27}}
    (iv) Classify the given number as rational or irrational with justification.\frac{\sqrt{28}}{\sqrt{343}}
    (v) Classify the given number as rational or irrational with justification.-\sqrt{0\cdot 4}
    (vi) Classify the given number as rational or irrational with justification.\frac{\sqrt{12}}{\sqrt{75}}
    (vii) Classify the given number as rational or irrational with justification.0.5918
    (viii) Classify the given number as rational or irrational with justification.\left ( 1+\sqrt{5} \right )-\left ( 4+\sqrt{5} \right )
    (ix) Classify the given number as rational or irrational with justification.10.124124 ………..
    (x) Classify the given number as rational or irrational with justification.1.010010001 ………….

    Answer:

    (i)Answer. [Rational]
    Solution.

    We have,
    \sqrt{196} = 14 = \frac{14}{1} which follows rule of rational number.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.

    So, \sqrt{196} is a rational number.

    (ii)Answer. [Irrational]
    Solution.

    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    We have,
    3\sqrt{18}= 3\sqrt{9\times 2}
    = 3\sqrt{9}\sqrt{2}
    = 3\times 3\sqrt{2}= 9\sqrt{2}
    So, it can be written in the form of \frac{p}{q} as \frac{9\sqrt{2}}{1}
    But we know that 9\sqrt{2} is irrational
    (Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.)
    Hence, 3\sqrt{18} is an irrational number
    (iii)Answer. [Irrational]
    Solution.

    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    We have,
    \sqrt{\frac{9}{27}}= \sqrt{\frac{3\times 3}{3\times 3\times 3}}
    = \sqrt{\frac{1}{3}}= \frac{\sqrt{1}}{\sqrt{3}}= \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}
    So this can be written in the form of \frac{p}{q} as \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} but we can see that \sqrt{3} (denominator) is irrational.
    (Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.)
    Hence \sqrt{\frac{9}{27}} is irrational

    (iv)Answer. [Rational]
    Solution.

    We have,
    \frac{\sqrt{28}}{\sqrt{343}}= \frac{\sqrt{4\times 7}}{\sqrt{49\times 7}}
    = \frac{2\times \sqrt{7}}{7\times \sqrt{7}}= \frac{2}{7}
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    Hence \frac{\sqrt{28}}{\sqrt{343}} is a rational number.
    (v)Answer. [Irrational]
    Solution.

    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    We have,
    -\sqrt{0\cdot 4}= -\sqrt{\frac{4}{10}}
    = -\sqrt{\frac{2}{5}}= -\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{5}}
    So, it can be written in the form of \frac{p}{q} as \frac{-\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{5}}
    But we know that both \sqrt{2},\sqrt{5} are irrational
    (Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.)
    Hence, -\sqrt{0\cdot 4} is an irrational number

    (vi)Answer. [Rational]
    Solution.
    We have,
    \frac{\sqrt{12}}{\sqrt{75}}= \frac{\sqrt{4\times 3}}{\sqrt{25\times 3}}
    = \frac{\sqrt{4}\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{25}\sqrt{3}}= \frac{\sqrt{4}}{\sqrt{25}}
    = \frac{2}{5}
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q
    should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    So, \frac{\sqrt{12}}{\sqrt{75}} is a rational number.
    (vii)Answer. [Rational]
    Solution.

    We have,
    0\cdot 5918= \frac{0\cdot 5918\times 10000}{1\times 10000}
    = \frac{5918}{10000}= \frac{2959}{5000}
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    Also we can see that 0.5918 is a terminating decimal number hence it must be rational.
    So, 0.5918 is a rational number.
    (viii)Answer. [Rational]
    Solution.

    We have,
    \left ( 1+\sqrt{5} \right )-\left ( 4+\sqrt{5} \right )
    = 1+\sqrt{5}-4-\sqrt{5}
    = -3= \frac{-3}{1}
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    So, \left ( 1+\sqrt{5} \right )-\left ( 4+\sqrt{5} \right ) is a rational number.

    (ix)Answer. [Rational]
    Solution.

    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    All non-terminating recurring decimal numbers are rational numbers.
    Non terminating Recurring decimals are those decimals which have a particular pattern/sequence that keeps on repeating
    itself after the decimal point. They are also called repeating decimals.
    Examples: 1/3 = 0.33333…, 4/11 = 0.363636…
    Now, 10.124124 ………. is a decimal expansion which is a non-terminating recurring.
    So, it is a rational number.
    (x)Answer. [Irrational]
    Solution
    .
    Non terminating Recurring decimals are those decimals which have a particular pattern/sequence that keeps on repeating itself after the decimal point.
    All non-terminating recurring decimal numbers are rational numbers.
    Non terminating Non Recurring decimals are those decimals which do not have a particular pattern/sequence after the decimal point and it does not end.
    All non-terminating non-recurring decimal numbers are irrational numbers.
    1.010010001 ………. is non-terminating non-recurring decimal number, therefore it cannot be written in the form \frac{p}{q};q\neq 0,with p,q both as integers.
    Thus, 1.010010001 ……….. is an irrational number.

    NCERT Exemplar Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter-1: Exercise-1.3

    Question:1

    (i)Find whether variable x represent rational number or an irrational number.x2 = 5
    (ii)Find whether variable x represent rational number or an irrational number.y2 = 9
    (iii)Find whether variable x represent rational number or an irrational number.z2 = 0.04
    (iv)Find whether variable x represent rational number or an irrational number.u2 = \frac{17}{4}

    Answer:

    (i)Answer. [Irrational]
    Solution.

    Given that
    x2 = 5
    On taking square root on both sides, we get
    \Rightarrow x= \pm \sqrt{5}
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    So, x is an irrational number

    (ii)Answer. [Rational]
    Solution.

    We have
    y2 = 9
    On taking square root on both sides, we get
    \Rightarrow x= \pm 3
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q
    should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    So, y can be written as \frac{3}{1},\frac{-3}{1} where 1, 3, -3 are rational numbers.
    Hence y is rational.
    (iii)Answer. [Rational]
    Solution.

    We have
    z2 = 0.04 =\frac{4}{100}
    On taking square root on both sides, we get
    \Rightarrow z= \pm \frac{2}{10}= \pm \frac{1}{5}
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q
    should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    So, z can be written as \pm \frac{1}{5} where 1, 5, -5 are rational numbers.
    Hence z is rational.
    (iv)Answer. [Irrational]
    Solution.

    Given that
    u2 = \frac{17}{4}
    On taking square root on both sides, we get
    \Rightarrow u= \sqrt{\frac{17}{4}}= \pm \frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero
    is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    So, u can be written as \pm \frac{\sqrt{17}}{2} where \sqrt{17} is irrational.
    Hence u is irrational.

    Question:2

    (i) Find three rational numbers between – 1 and – 2
    (ii) Find three rational numbers between 0.1 and 0.11
    (iii)Find three rational numbers between \frac{5}{7} and \frac{6}{7}
    (iv)Find three rational numbers between \frac{1}{4} and \frac{1}{5}

    Answer:

    (i)Answer.
    -\frac{11}{10}, -\frac{6}{5}
    and-\frac{5}{4}
    Solution.

    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.

    Between -1 and -2, many rational number can be written as:
    -1\cdot 1=-\frac{11}{10}
    -1\cdot 2=-\frac{12}{10}= -\frac{6}{5}
    -1\cdot 25=-\frac{125}{100}= -\frac{5}{4}
    -1\cdot 3=-\frac{13}{10}
    -1\cdot 4=-\frac{14}{10}= -\frac{7}{5}
    (ii) Answer: \frac{103}{1000},\frac{104}{1000},\frac{105}{1000}
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.

    Between 0.1 and 0.11, many rational number can be written as:

    0.103 = \frac{103}{1000}

    0.104 = \frac{104}{1000}

    0.105 = \frac{105}{1000}


    (iii)Answer. \frac{51}{70},\frac{52}{70}and\frac{53}{70}
    Solution.

    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    We can write \frac{5}{7}as \frac{5\times 10}{7\times 10}= \frac{50}{70} and \frac{6}{7} as \frac{6\times 10}{7\times 10}= \frac{60}{70}
    So, three rational number between \frac{5}{7}and\frac{6}{7} are \frac{51}{70},\frac{52}{70}and\frac{53}{70}

    (iv)Answer. \frac{41}{200},\frac{42}{200},\frac{43}{200}
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    L.C.M. of 4 and 5 is 20.
    We can write \frac{1}{4} as \frac{1\times 40}{4\times 50}= \frac{50}{200}
    and \frac{1}{5}\, as\, \frac{1\times 40}{5\times 40}= \frac{40}{200}
    So, three rational number between \frac{1}{4}\, and\,\frac{1}{5} are
    \frac{41}{200},\frac{42}{200},\frac{43}{200}

    Question:3

    (i)Insert a rational number and an irrational number between the following. 2 and 3
    (ii)Insert a rational number and an irrational number between the following.0.1 and 0.1
    (iii)Insert a rational number and an irrational number between the following.\frac{1}{3}\, and\, \frac{1}{2}
    (iv)Insert a rational number and an irrational number between the following.\frac{-2}{5}\, and\, \frac{1}{2}
    (v)Insert a rational number and an irrational number between the following.0.15 and 0.16
    (vi)Insert a rational number and an irrational number between the following.\sqrt{2} and \sqrt{3}
    (vii)Insert a rational number and an irrational number between the following.2.357 and 3.121
    (viii)Insert a rational number and an irrational number between the following..0001 and .001
    (ix)Insert a rational number and an irrational number between the following.3.623623 and 0.484848
    (x) Insert a rational number and an irrational number between the following.6.375289 and 6.375738

    Answer:

    (i) Answer. Rational number: \frac{5}{2}
    Irrational number: 2.040040004 ……….
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    They are non-terminating non-recurring in nature. It means they keep on continuing after decimal point and do not have a particular pattern/sequence after the decimal point.
    Between 2 and 3
    Rational number: 2.5 = \frac{25}{10}= \frac{5}{2}
    and irrational number : 2.040040004

    (ii) Answer. Rational number: \frac{19}{1000}
    Irrational number 0.0105000500005 ……..
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    They are non-terminating non-recurring in nature. It means they keep on continuing after decimal point and do not have a particular pattern/sequence after the decimal point.
    Between 0 and 0.1:
    0.1 can be written as 0.10
    Rational number: 0.019 = \frac{19}{1000}
    and irrational number 0.0105000500005

    (iii)Answer. Rational number \frac{21}{60}
    Irrational number : 0.414114111 ……
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions. They are non-terminating non-recurring in nature. It means they keep on continuing after decimal point and do not have a particular pattern/sequence after the decimal point.
    LCM of 3 and 2 is 6.
    We can write \frac{1}{3} as \frac{1\times 20}{3\times 20}= \frac{20}{60}
    and \frac{1}{2} as \frac{1\times 30}{3\times 30}= \frac{30}{60}
    Also, \frac{1}{3} = 0.333333….
    And \frac{1}{2}= 0\cdot 5
    So, rational number between \frac{1}{3} and \frac{1}{2} is \frac{21}{60}
    and irrational number : 0.414114111 ……

    (iv)Answer. Rational number: 0
    Irrational number: 0.151551555 …….
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    They are non-terminating non-recurring in nature. It means they keep on continuing after decimal point and do not have a particular pattern/sequence after the decimal point.
    \frac{-2}{5}= -0\cdot 4 and \frac{1}{2}= -0\cdot 5
    Rational number between -0.4 and 0.5 is 0
    And irrational number: 0.151551555 …….
    (v) Answer. Rational number: \frac{151}{1000}
    Irrational number: 0.151551555 ……….
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    They are non-terminating non-recurring in nature. It means they keep on continuing after decimal point and do not have a particular pattern/sequence after the decimal point.
    Between 0.15 and 0.16
    Rational number : 0.151 = \frac{151}{1000}
    and irrational number 0.151551555

    (vi) Answer. Rational number: \frac{3}{2}
    Irrational number: 1.585585558 ………
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions. They are non-terminating non-recurring in nature.
    Between \sqrt{2}\, and\, \sqrt{3}
    \sqrt{2}= 1\cdot 414213562373
    \sqrt{3}= 1\cdot 732050807568
    Rational number: 1.5 = \frac{3}{2}
    and irrational number: 1.585585558

    (vii) Answer. Rational number: 3
    Irrational number: 3.101101110………
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    They are non-terminating non-recurring in nature. It means they keep on continuing after decimal point and do not have a particular pattern/sequence after the decimal point.
    Between 2.357 and 3.121
    Rational number: 3
    Irrational number: 3.101101110………
    (viii) Answer. Rational number: \frac{2}{10000}
    Irrational number: 0.000113133133 ……….
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    They are non-terminating non-recurring in nature. It means they keep on continuing after decimal point and do not have a particular pattern/sequence after the decimal point.
    Between 0.0001 and 0.001
    Rational number: 0.0002 = \frac{2}{10000}
    Irrational number: 0.000113133133

    (ix) Answer. Rational number: 1
    Irrational number: 1.909009000 ……
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    They are non-terminating non-recurring in nature. It means they keep on continuing after decimal point and do not have a particular pattern/sequence after the decimal point.
    Between 3.623623 and 0.484848
    A rational number between 3.623623 and 0.484848 is 1.
    An irrational number between 3.623623 and 0.484848 is 1.909009000 ……

    (x) Answer. A rational number is \frac{63753}{10000}
    An irrational number is 6.375414114111……..
    Solution.
    Any number which can be represented in the form of p/q where q is not equal to zero is a rational number. Also, both p and q should be rational when the fraction is expressed in the simplest form.
    Irrational numbers are real numbers which cannot be represented as simple fractions.
    They are non-terminating non-recurring in nature. It means they keep on continuing after decimal point and do not have a particular pattern/sequence after the decimal point.
    Between 6.375289 and 6.375738:
    A rational number is 6.3753 = \frac{63753}{10000}
    An irrational number is 6.375414114111……..

    Question:4

    Represent the following numbers on the number line. 7, 7.2, -\frac{3}{2},-\frac{12}{5}

    Answer:

    Solution.
    Firstly we draw a number line whose mid-point is O. Mark positive numbers on right hand side of O and negative numbers on left hand side of O.
    FireShot%20Capture%20003%20-%20Careers360%20CMS%20-%20cms-article%20-%20learn(i) Number 7 is a positive number. So we mark a number 7 on the right
    hand side of O, which is at a 7 units distance form zero.
    (ii) Number 7.2 is a positive number. So, we mark a number 7.2 on the right hand side of O, which is 7.2 units distance from zero.
    (iii) Number -\frac{3}{2} or – 1.5 is a negative number so, we mark a number 1.5 on the left hand side of zero, which is at 1.5 units distance from zero.
    (iv) Number -\frac{12}{5} or –2.4 is a negative number. So, we mark a number 2.4 on the left hand side of zero, which is at 2.4 units distance from zero.

    Question:5

    Locate \sqrt{5},\sqrt{10} and \sqrt{17} on the number line

    Answer:

    Hint.
    Solution.

    Step I- Draw number line shown in the figure.
    Let the point O represent 0 (zero) and point A represent 2 units from O.
    58373
    Step II- Draw perpendicular AX from A on the number line and cut off arc AB = 1 unit
    We have OA = 2 units and AB = 1 unit
    Using Pythagoras theorem, we have.
    OB2 = OA2 + AB2
    OB2 = (2)2 + (1)2 = 5
    OB = \sqrt{5}
    Taking O as the centre and OB = \sqrt{5} as radius draw an arc cutting the line at C.
    Clearly, OC = OB = \sqrt{5}.
    Hence, C represents \sqrt{5} on the number line.
    Similarly for \sqrt{10} and \sqrt{17}we can plot the points as follows:
    \sqrt{10}= \sqrt{3^{2}+1^{2}}
    \sqrt{17}= \sqrt{4^{2}+1^{2}}
    583731
    583732

    Question:6

    (i) Represent geometrically the following numbers on the number line : \sqrt{4\cdot 5}
    (ii) Represent geometrically the following numbers on the number line : \sqrt{5\cdot 6}
    (iii) Presentation of \sqrt{8\cdot 1} on number line :
    (iv) Presentation of \sqrt{2\cdot 3} on number line:

    Answer:

    (i) Solution. AB = 4.5 units, BC = 1 unit
    58395
    OC = OD = \frac{5\cdot 5}{2} = 2.75 units
    OD2 = OB2 + BD2
    \left ( \frac{4\cdot 5}{2} \right )^{2}= \left ( \frac{4\cdot 5}{2} -1\right )^{2}+\left ( BD \right )^{2}
    \Rightarrow BD^{2}= \left ( \frac{4\cdot 5+1}{2} \right )^{2}- \left ( \frac{4\cdot 5-1}{2} \right )^{2}
    \Rightarrow BD^{2}= 4. 5
    \Rightarrow BD= \sqrt{4. 5}
    So the length of BD will be the required one so mark an arc of length BD on number line, this will result in the required length.

    (ii) Solution. Presentation of \sqrt{5. 6}on number line.
    Mark the distance 5.6 units from a fixed point A on a given line to obtain a point B such that AB = 5.6 units. From B mark a distance of 1 unit and mark a new point C. Find the mid point of AC and mark that point as O. Draw a semicircle with center O and radius OC. Draw a line
    perpendicular to AC passing through B and intersecting the semicircle at O. Then BD = \sqrt{5\cdot 6}

    583951
    (iii) Solution
    Mark the distance 8.1 units from a fixed point A on a given line to obtain a point B such that AB = 8.1 units. From B mark a distance of 1 unit and mark the new point AB. Find the mid point of AC and mark a point as O. Draw a semi circle with point O and radius OC. Draw a line perpendicular to AC passing through B and intersecting
    the semicircle at D. Then BD -
    \sqrt{8. 1}
    583952
    (iv) Solution
    Mark the distance 2.3 unit from a fixed point A on a given line. To obtain a point B such that AB = 2.3 units. From B mark a distance of 1 unit and mark a new point as C. Find the mid point of AC and mark the point asO. Draw a line perpendicular to AC passing through B and intersecting the semicircle at D. Then BD = \sqrt{2. 3}
    583953

    Question:7

    (i) Express the following in the form \frac{p}{q}, where p and q are integers and q\neq 0. 0.2
    (ii) Express the following in the form \frac{p}{q}, where p and q are integers and q\neq 0.
    0.888…….
    (iii) Express the following in the form \frac{p}{q}, where p and q are integers and q\neq 0.5.\bar{2}
    (iv) Express the following in the form \frac{p}{q}, where p and q are integers and q\neq 0.0\cdot \overline{001}
    (v) Express the following in the form \frac{p}{q}, where p and q are integers and q\neq 0.0.2555……
    (vii) Express the following in the form \frac{p}{q}, where p and q are integers and q\neq 0..00323232…..
    (viii) Express the following in the form \frac{p}{q}, where p and q are integers and q\neq 0..404040……..

    Answer:

    (i) Answer.\frac{1}{5}
    Solution. We know that
    0.2 can be written as \frac{2}{10}
    Now,
    \frac{2}{10}= \frac{1}{5}
    Hence the answer is \frac{1}{5}

    (ii) Answer.\frac{8}{9}
    Solution. Let x = 0.888….. .…(i)
    Multiply RHS and LHS by 10
    10 x = 8.88……. …(ii)
    Subtracting equation (i) from (ii)
    We get
    10x – x = 8.8 – 0.8
    \Rightarrow 9x= 8
    \Rightarrow x= \frac{8}{9}
    Hence answer is \frac{8}{9}

    (iii) Answer.\frac{47}{9}
    Solution. Let x = 5\cdot \bar{2} …eq. (1)
    Multiply by 10 on both sides
    10x = 52\cdot \bar{2} …eq (2)
    Subtracting equation (1) from (2)
    We get
    10x – x = 52\cdot \bar{2}5\cdot \bar{2}
    \Rightarrow 9x = 47
    \Rightarrow x = \frac{47}{9}
    Hence the answer is \frac{47}{9}

    (iv) Answer.\frac{1}{999}
    Solution. Let x = 0\cdot \overline{001} …. Eq. (1)
    Multiply by 1000 on both sides
    1000 x = 1\cdot \overline{001} …eq.(2)
    Subtracting eq. (1) from (2)
    We get
    1000 x – x = 1\cdot \overline{001}1\cdot \overline{001}
    \Rightarrow 999x = 1
    \Rightarrow x = \frac{1}{999}
    Hence the answer is \frac{1}{999}
    (v) Answer.\frac{23}{90}
    Solution. Let x = 0.2555 ….. …eq.(1)
    Multiply by 10 on both sides
    10x = 2.555… …eq.(2)
    Multiply by 100 on both sides
    100x = 25.55… …eq. (3)
    Subtracting eq. (2) from (3),
    We get
    100x – 10x = 25.555… – 2.555…
    \Rightarrow 90x = 23
    \Rightarrow x = \frac{23}{90}
    Hence the answer is \frac{23}{90}

    (vii) Answer.\frac{8}{2475}
    Solution. Let x = 0.00323232….. …eq.(1)
    Multiply with 100 on both sides.
    We get
    100x = 0.3232… …eq(2)
    Multiply again with 100 on both sides,
    10000x = 32.3232… …eq(3)
    Equation (3) – (2)
    we get,
    10000 x – 100x = 32.3232… – 0.3232…
    \Rightarrow 9900x = 32
    \Rightarrow x = \frac{32}{9900}
    x = \frac{8}{2475}
    Hence the answer is \frac{8}{2475}

    (viii) Answer.\frac{40}{99}
    Solution. Let x = 0.404040……. …(1)
    Multiplying by 100 on both sides
    we get
    100x = 40.40… …(2)
    Subtracting equation (1) from (2)
    we get
    100x – x = 40.40 – 0.40
    \Rightarrow99x = 40
    \Rightarrow x = \frac{40}{99}
    Hence the answer is \frac{40}{99}

    Question:8

    Show that 0.142857142857 ……. = \frac{1}{7}

    Answer:

    Solution. Let, x = 0.142857142857… …(i)
    Multiply (i) by 1000000, we get
    1000000 x = 142857.142857… …(ii)
    Subtracting equation (i) from (ii), we get
    1000000 x – x = 142857.142857… - 0.142857…
    999999 x = 142857
    x= \frac{142857}{999999}= \frac{47619}{333333}= \frac{15873}{111111}= \frac{5291}{37037}
    = \frac{481}{3367}= \frac{1}{7}
    Hence, 0.142857 ……. \frac{1}{7}
    Hence proved

    Question:9

    (i) Simplify the following : \sqrt{45}-3\sqrt{20}+4\sqrt{5}
    (ii) Simplify the following : \frac{\sqrt{24}}{8}+\frac{\sqrt{54}}{9}
    (iii) Simplify the following : 4\sqrt{12}\times 7\sqrt{6}
    (iv) Simplify the following : 4\sqrt{28}\div 3\sqrt{7}\div 3\sqrt{7}
    (v) Simplify the following : 3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{27}+\frac{7}{\sqrt{3}}
    (vi) Simplify the following : \left ( \sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2} \right )^{2}
    (vii) Simplify the following : \sqrt[4]{81}- 8\sqrt[3]{216}+15\sqrt[5]{32}+\sqrt{255}
    (viii) Simplify the following : \frac{3}{\sqrt{8}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}
    (ix) Simplify the following : \frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}

    Answer:

    (i) Answer.\sqrt{5}
    Solution. \sqrt{45}-3\sqrt{20}+4\sqrt{5}
    We know that,
    45 = 3\times 3\times 5
    20 = 2\times 2\times 5
    So we get
    \sqrt{3\times3\times5 }-3\sqrt{2\times2\times5}+4\sqrt{5}
    = 3\sqrt{5}-3\left ( 2\sqrt{5} \right )+4\sqrt{5}
    = 3\sqrt{5}-6\sqrt{5}+4\sqrt{5}
    = 7\sqrt{5}-6\sqrt{5}
    = \sqrt{5}
    Hence the answer is \sqrt{5}

    (ii) Answer. \frac{7\sqrt{6}}{12}
    Solution. We have, \frac{\sqrt{24}}{8}+\frac{\sqrt{54}}{9}
    We know that,
    24= 6\times 4= 3\times 2\times 2\times 2
    54= 9\times 6= 3\times 3\times 3\times 2
    So we get
    \frac{\sqrt{24}}{8}+\frac{\sqrt{54}}{9}= \frac{2\sqrt{6}}{8}+\frac{3\sqrt{6}}{9}
    = \frac{\sqrt{6}}{4}+\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}
    Taking LCM (3,4) = 12
    = \frac{3\sqrt{6}+4\sqrt{6}}{12}
    = \frac{7\sqrt{6}}{12}
    (iii) Answer. \sqrt[28]{2^{18} \times 3^{11}}
    Solution. We have
    \sqrt[4]{12}\times \sqrt[7]{6}
    We know that
    12 = 2\times 2\times 3
    6 = 2\times 3
    So we get,
    =\sqrt[4]{2\times 2\times 3}\times \sqrt[7]{2\times 3}
    =2^{1 / 4} \cdot 2^{1 / 4} \cdot 3^{1 / 4} \cdot 2^{1 / 7} \cdot 3^{1 / 7}
    =2^{\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{7}} \times 3^{\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{7}}
    =2^{9 / 14} \times 3^{11 / 28}
    =\sqrt[28]{2^{18} \times 3^{11}}
    Hence the number is \sqrt[28]{2^{18} \times 3^{11}}.

    (iv)Answer. \frac{8}{\left ( 3\times \sqrt[3]{7} \right )}
    Solution. We have, 4\sqrt{28}\div 3\sqrt{7}\div \sqrt[3]{7}
    We know that
    28 = 4\times 7
    So we can write,
    4\sqrt{28}\div 3\sqrt{7}\div \sqrt[3]{7}= \left [ \frac{4\sqrt{28}}{3\sqrt{7}} \right ]\div 7^{\frac{1}{3}}
    = \left [ \frac{4\sqrt{4\times 7}}{3\sqrt{7}} \right ]\div 7^{\frac{1}{3}}
    = \left [ \frac{4\times 2\sqrt{ 7}}{3\sqrt{7}} \right ]\div 7^{\frac{1}{3}}
    = \frac{8}{3}\div 7^{\frac{1}{3}}
    = \frac{8}{\left ( 3\times 7^{\frac{1}{3}} \right )}
    = \frac{8}{\left ( 3\times \sqrt[3]{7} \right )}
    Hence the answer is \frac{8}{\left ( 3\times \sqrt[3]{7} \right )}

    (v) Answer.3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{27}+\frac{7}{\sqrt{3}}
    We know that
    27 = 3\times 3\times 3
    So, 3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{27}+\frac{7}{\sqrt{3}} = 3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{3\times 3\times 3}+\frac{7}{\sqrt{3}}

    = 3\sqrt{3}+2\left ( 3\sqrt{3} \right )+\frac{7}{\sqrt{3}}\times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}
    (Rationalising the denominator)
    = 3\sqrt{3}+6\left ( \sqrt{3} \right )+\frac{7\sqrt{3}}{3}

    = \left ( 3+6+\frac{7}{3} \right )\sqrt{3} (Taking \sqrt{3} common)
    Now LCM (1,1,3) = 3
    = \left ( \frac{9+18+7}{3} \right )\sqrt{3}
    = \frac{34}{3}\sqrt{3}
    = 19\cdot 63
    Hence the answer is 19.63
    (vi) Answer.5-2\sqrt{6}
    Solution. Given, \left ( \sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2} \right )^{2}
    We know that (a + b)2 = a2 – 2ab + b2
    Comparing the given equation with the identity, we get:
    \left ( \sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2} \right )^{2}= \left ( \sqrt{3} \right )^{2}-2\left ( \sqrt{3} \right )\left ( \sqrt{2} \right )+\left ( \sqrt{2} \right )^2
    = 3 + 2 – 2\sqrt{3\times 2}
    = 5-2\sqrt{6}
    Hence the answer is 5-2\sqrt{6}

    (vii) Answer. 0
    Solution. We have, \sqrt[4]{81}-8 \sqrt[3]{216}+15\sqrt[5]{32}+\sqrt{225}
    We know that
    81 = 3\times 3\times3\times3
    216 = 6\times 6\times6
    32 = 2\times 2\times2\times2\times2
    225 = 15\times 15
    So,\sqrt[4]{81}-8 \sqrt[3]{216}+15\sqrt[5]{32}+\sqrt{225}
    = \sqrt[4]{3\times3\times3\times3 }-8\sqrt[3]{6\times6\times6}+15\sqrt[5]{2\times2\times2\times2\times2}+\sqrt{15\times15}
    = 3 – 8 × 6 + 15 × 2 + 15
    = 3 – 48 + 30 + 15
    = – 45 + 45
    = 0
    Hence the answer is 0

    (viii) Answer. \frac{5}{2\sqrt{2}}
    Solution. We have, \frac{3}{\sqrt{8}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}
    We know that, 8 =2\times 2\times 2
    So,
    \frac{3}{\sqrt{8}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} = \frac{3}{\sqrt{2\times 2\times 2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}
    = \frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}
    = \frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{2}{2\sqrt{2}}
    = \frac{5}{2\sqrt{2}}
    Hence the answer is \frac{5}{2\sqrt{2}}

    (ix) Answer. \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}
    Solution. We have, \frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}
    LCM (3,6) = 6
    \frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}= \frac{4\sqrt{3}}{6}-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}
    = \frac{4\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}}{6}
    = \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{6}
    = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}
    Hence the answer is \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.

    Question:10

    (i) Rationalise the denominator of the following : \frac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}
    (ii)Rationalise the denominator of the following : \frac{\sqrt{40}}{\sqrt{3}}
    (iii) Rationalise the denominator of the following : \frac{3+\sqrt{2}}{4\sqrt{2}}
    (iv)Rationalise the denominator of the following :\frac{16}{\sqrt{41}-5}
    (v) Rationalise the denominator of the following : \frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2-\sqrt{3}}
    (vi) Rationalise the denominator of the following : \frac{\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}
    (vii) Rationalise the denominator of the following : \frac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}
    (viii) Rationalise the denominator of the following : \frac{3 \sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}}
    (ix) Rationalise the denominator of the following : \frac{4 \sqrt{3}+5 \sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{48}+\sqrt{18}}

    Answer:

    (i) Answer.\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{9}
    Solution. We have, \frac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}
    Rationalising the denominator, we get:
    \frac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}\times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}
    = \frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3\sqrt{3}\sqrt{3}}
    = \frac{2\sqrt{3}}{9}
    Hence the answer is \frac{2\sqrt{3}}{9}

    (ii) Answer.\frac{2\sqrt{30}}{3}
    Solution. We have ,\frac{\sqrt{40}}{\sqrt{3}}
    We know that, 40 = (2) (2) (10)
    \frac{\sqrt{40}}{\sqrt{3}}= \frac{\sqrt{2\cdot 2\cdot 10}}{\sqrt{3}}= \frac{2\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{3}}
    Rationalising the denominator, we get:
    = \frac{2\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{3}}\times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}
    = \frac{2\sqrt{10}\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}\sqrt{3}}
    = \frac{2\sqrt{30}}{3}
    Hence the answer is: \frac{2\sqrt{30}}{3}

    (iii) Answer. \frac{3\sqrt{2}+2}{8}
    Solution. We have \frac{3+\sqrt{2}}{4\sqrt{2}}
    Rationalising the denominator, we get:
    \frac{3+\sqrt{2}}{4\sqrt{2}}\times \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}}
    = \frac{\left ( 3+\sqrt{2} \right )\sqrt{2}}{4\sqrt{2}\sqrt{2}}
    = \frac{3\sqrt{2}+2}{8}
    Hence the answer is \frac{3\sqrt{2}+2}{8}

    (iv) Answer. \sqrt{41}+5
    Solution. We have \frac{16}{\sqrt{41}-5}
    Rationalising the denominator, we get:
    \frac{16}{\sqrt{41}-5}\times \frac{\sqrt{41}+5}{\sqrt{41}+5}
    = \frac{16\left ( \sqrt{41}+5 \right )}{\left ( \sqrt{41}-5 \right )\sqrt{41}+5}
    Using the identity (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2
    We get:
    = \frac{16\left ( \sqrt{41}+5 \right )}{\left ( \sqrt{41} \right )^{2}-\left ( 5 \right )^{2}}
    = \frac{16\left ( \sqrt{41}+5 \right )}{41-25}
    = \frac{16\left ( \sqrt{41}+5 \right )}{16}
    = \sqrt{41}+5
    Hence the answer is \sqrt{41}+5

    (v) Answer.7+4\sqrt{3}
    Solution. We have, \frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2-\sqrt{3}}
    Rationalising the denominator, we get:
    \frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2-\sqrt{3}}\times \frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2-\sqrt{3}}
    = \frac{\left ( 2+\sqrt{3} \right )^{2}}{\left ( 2-\sqrt{3} \right )\left ( 2+\sqrt{3} \right )}
    Using (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2
    and (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab
    = \frac{2^{2}+\left ( \sqrt{3} \right )^{2}+2\cdot 2\cdot \sqrt{3}}{2^{2}-\left ( \sqrt{3} \right )^{2}}
    = \frac{4+3+4\sqrt{3}}{4-3}
    = 7+4\sqrt{3}
    Hence the answer is 7+4\sqrt{3}
    (vi)Answer. 3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}
    Solution. We have, \frac{\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}
    Rationalising the denominator, we get:
    = \frac{\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}\times \frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}
    = \frac{\sqrt{6}\left ( \sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2} \right )}{\left ( \sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3} \right )\left ( \sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2} \right )}
    Using the identity (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2
    We get:
    = \frac{\sqrt{18}-\sqrt{12}}{\left ( \sqrt{3} \right )^{2}\left ( \sqrt{2} \right )^{2}}
    = \frac{\sqrt{3\cdot 3\cdot 2}-\sqrt{2\cdot 2\cdot 3}}{3-2}
    = \frac{3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}}{1}
    = 3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}
    Hence the answer 3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}
    (vii) Answer. 5+2\sqrt{6}
    Solution. We have, \frac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}
    Rationalising the denominator, we get:
    \frac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}\times \frac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}
    = \frac{\left ( \sqrt{3} +\sqrt{2}\right )^{2}}{\left ( \sqrt{3} -\sqrt{2} \right )\left ( \sqrt{3} +\sqrt{2} \right )}
    Using (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2
    and (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab
    = \frac{\left ( \sqrt{3} \right )^{2}+\left ( \sqrt{2} \right )^{2}+2\sqrt{3}\sqrt{2}}{\left ( \sqrt{3} \right )^{2}-\left ( \sqrt{2} \right )^{2}}
    = \frac{3+2+2\sqrt{6}}{3-2}
    = 5+2\sqrt{6}
    Hence the answer is 5+2\sqrt{6}
    (viii)
    Answer:9+2 \sqrt{15}
    Solution:
    We have \frac{3 \sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}}
    Rationalize
    =\frac{3 \sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}} \times \frac{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}=\frac{3 \sqrt{5}(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})+\sqrt{3}(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})}{(\sqrt{5})^{2}-(\sqrt{3})^{2}}
    =\frac{15+3 \sqrt{15}+\sqrt{15}+3}{5-3}=\frac{18+4 \sqrt{15}}{2}
    =9+2 \sqrt{15}
    (ix) Answer:\frac{9+4 \sqrt{6}}{15}
    Solution:
    We have \frac{4 \sqrt{3}+5 \sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{48}+\sqrt{18}}
    =\frac{4 \sqrt{3}+5 \sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{48}+\sqrt{18}}=\frac{4 \sqrt{3}+5 \sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{16 \times 3}+\sqrt{9 \times 2}}=\frac{4 \sqrt{3}+5 \sqrt{2}}{4 \sqrt{3}+3 \sqrt{2}}
    Rationalize
    =\frac{4 \sqrt{3}+5 \sqrt{2}}{4 \sqrt{3}+3 \sqrt{2}} \times \frac{(4 \sqrt{3}-3 \sqrt{2})}{(4 \sqrt{3}-3 \sqrt{2})}
    =\frac{4 \sqrt{3}(4 \sqrt{3}-3 \sqrt{2})+5 \sqrt{2}(4 \sqrt{3}-3 \sqrt{2})}{(4 \sqrt{3})^{2}-(3 \sqrt{2})^{2}}
    =\frac{48-12 \sqrt{6}+20 \sqrt{6}-30}{30}
    =\frac{18+8 \sqrt{6}}{30}
    =\frac{9+4 \sqrt{6}}{15}

    Question:11

    (i) Find the values of a in each of the following : \frac{5+2\sqrt{3}}{7+4\sqrt{3}}= a-6\sqrt{3}
    (ii) Find the values of a in the following : \frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{3+2\sqrt{5}}= a\sqrt{5}-\frac{19}{11}
    (iii) Find the values of b in the following : \frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{3 \sqrt{2}-2 \sqrt{3}}=2-b \sqrt{6}
    (iv) Find the values of a and b in the following : \frac{7+\sqrt{5}}{7-\sqrt{5}}-\frac{7-\sqrt{5}}{7+\sqrt{5}}= a+\frac{7}{11}\sqrt{5b}

    Answer:

    (i) Answer. a = 11
    Solution. We have, \frac{5+2\sqrt{3}}{7+4\sqrt{3}}= a-6\sqrt{3}
    LHS = \frac{5+2\sqrt{3}}{7+4\sqrt{3}}
    Rationalising the denominator, we get:
    = \frac{5+2\sqrt{3}}{7+4\sqrt{3}}\times \frac{7-4\sqrt{3}}{7-4\sqrt{3}}
    = \frac{\left ( 5+2\sqrt{3} \right )\left ( 7-4\sqrt{3} \right )}{\left ( 7+4\sqrt{3} \right )\left ( 7-4\sqrt{3} \right )}
    {Using (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2}

    = \frac{35+14\sqrt{3}-20\sqrt{3}-24}{7^{2}-\left ( 4\sqrt{3} \right )^{2}}
    = \frac{11-6\sqrt{3}}{49-48}
    = 11-6\sqrt{3}
    Now RHS = a-6\sqrt{3}
    \Rightarrow 11-6\sqrt{3}= a-6\sqrt{3}
    \Rightarrow 11-6\sqrt{3}= a-6\sqrt{3}
    \Rightarrow a= 11
    Hence a = 11 is the required answer

    (ii)Answer.a= \frac{9}{11}
    Solution. Given that, \frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{3+2\sqrt{5}}= a\sqrt{5}-\frac{19}{11}
    LHS = \frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{3+2\sqrt{5}}
    Rationalising the denominator, we get:
    LHS = \frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{3+2\sqrt{5}}\times \frac{3-2\sqrt{5}}{3-2\sqrt{5}}
    {Using (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2}
    = \frac{9-3\sqrt{5}-6\sqrt{5}+10}{3^{2}-\left ( 2\sqrt{5} \right )^{2}}
    = \frac{19-9\sqrt{5}}{9-20}
    Now RHS = a\sqrt{5}-\frac{19}{11}
    \Rightarrow \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{11}-\frac{19}{11}= a\sqrt{5}-\frac{19}{11}
    Comparing both , we get
    \Rightarrow a= \frac{9}{11}
    Hence a= \frac{9}{11}is the correct answer
    (iii) Answer:b = -\frac{5 }{6}
    Solution:
    Given:
    \frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{3 \sqrt{2}-2 \sqrt{3}}=2-b \sqrt{6}
    LHS = \frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{3 \sqrt{2}-2 \sqrt{3}}
    Rationalize
    = \frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{3 \sqrt{2}-2 \sqrt{3}} \times \frac{3 \sqrt{2}+2 \sqrt{3}}{3 \sqrt{2}+2 \sqrt{3}}
    =\frac{\sqrt{2}(3 \sqrt{2}+2 \sqrt{3})+\sqrt{3}(3 \sqrt{2}+2 \sqrt{3})}{(3 \sqrt{2})^{2}-(2 \sqrt{3})^{2}}
    = \frac{6+2 \sqrt{6}+3 \sqrt{6}+6}{18-12}
    = 2+\frac{5 \sqrt{6}}{6}
    2+\frac{5 \sqrt{6}}{6}=2-b \sqrt{6}
    b = -\frac{5 }{6}

    (iv) Answer. a = 0, b = 1
    Solution. Given,
    \frac{7+\sqrt{5}}{7-\sqrt{5}}-\frac{7-\sqrt{5}}{7+\sqrt{5}}= a+\frac{7}{11}\sqrt{5b}
    LHS = \frac{7+\sqrt{5}}{7-\sqrt{5}}-\frac{7-\sqrt{5}}{7+\sqrt{5}}
    =\frac{\left ( 7+\sqrt{5} \right )\times\left ( 7+\sqrt{5} \right )-\left ( 7-\sqrt{5} \right ) \times \left ( 7-\sqrt{5} \right )}{\left (7 -\sqrt{5} \right )\left (7 +\sqrt{5} \right )}
    Using (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2
    (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab
    (a - b)2 = a2 + b2 - 2ab
    = \frac{\left ( 7^{2} +\sqrt{5}^{2}+2\cdot 7\cdot \sqrt{5}\right )-\left ( 7^{2} +\sqrt{5}^{2}-2\cdot 7\cdot \sqrt{5} \right )}{7^{2}-\sqrt{5}^{2}}
    = \frac{\left ( 49+5+14\sqrt{5} \right )-\left ( 49+5-14\sqrt{5} \right )}{49-5}
    = \frac{54+14\sqrt{5}-54+14\sqrt{5}}{44}
    = \frac{28\sqrt{5}}{44}
    RHS = a+\frac{7}{11}\sqrt{5b}
    Now LHS = RHS
    \Rightarrow \frac{28\sqrt{5}}{44}= a+\frac{7}{11}\sqrt{5b}
    \Rightarrow 0+\left ( \frac{4}{4} \right )\frac{7}{11}\sqrt{5}= a+\frac{7}{11}\sqrt{5b}
    \Rightarrow a = 0, b = 1
    Hence the answer is a = 0, b = 1

    Question:12

    If a = 2 + \sqrt{3} then find the value of a-\frac{1}{a}

    Answer:

    Answer. 2\sqrt{3}
    Solution. Given that a = 2\sqrt{3}
    \therefore We have \frac{1}{a}= \frac{1}{2+\sqrt{3}}
    Rationalising,
    \Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}= \frac{1}{2+\sqrt{3}}\times \frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2-\sqrt{3}}
    Using (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2
    \Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}= \frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2^{2}-\sqrt{3}^{2}}= \frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4-3}
    \Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}=2-\sqrt{3}
    Now, a- \frac{1}{a}=2+\sqrt{3}-\left ( 2-\sqrt{3} \right )
    \Rightarrow a- \frac{1}{a}=2\sqrt{3}
    Hence the answer is 2\sqrt{3}

    Question:13

    (i) Rationalize the denominator in each of the following and hence evaluate by taking \sqrt{2}= 1\cdot 414,\sqrt{3}= 1\cdot 732 and \sqrt{5}= 2\cdot 236, upto three places of decimal : \frac{4}{\sqrt{3}}
    (ii) Rationalize the denominator in each of the following and hence evaluate by taking \sqrt{2}= 1\cdot 414,\sqrt{3}= 1\cdot 732 and \sqrt{5}= 2\cdot 236, upto three places of decimal : \frac{6}{\sqrt{6}}
    (iii) Rationalize the denominator in each of the following and hence evaluate by taking \sqrt{2}= 1\cdot 414,\sqrt{3}= 1\cdot 732 and \sqrt{5}= 2\cdot 236, upto three places of decimal : \frac{\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{2}}
    (iv) Rationalize the denominator in each of the following and hence evaluate by taking \sqrt{2}= 1\cdot 414,\sqrt{3}= 1\cdot 732 and \sqrt{5}= 2\cdot 236, upto three places of decimal : \frac{2}{2+\sqrt{2}}
    (v) Rationalize the denominator in each of the following and hence evaluate by taking \sqrt{2}= 1\cdot 414,\sqrt{3}= 1\cdot 732 and \sqrt{5}= 2\cdot 236, upto three places of decimal : \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}

    Answer:

    (i) Answer. 2.3093
    Solution. Given: \frac{4}{\sqrt{3}}
    Rationalising,
    \frac{4}{\sqrt{3}}\times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}= \frac{4\sqrt{3}}{3}
    (Given that \sqrt{3}= 1.732)
    = \frac{4\times 1\cdot 732}{3}
    = 2.3093
    Hence the answer is 2.3093

    (ii) Answer. 2.449
    Solution. Given: \frac{6}{\sqrt{6}}
    Rationalising,
    \frac{6}{\sqrt{6}}\times \frac{\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{6}}= \frac{6\sqrt{6}}{6}
    = \frac{6\times \sqrt{2}\sqrt{3}}{6}
    Putting the given values,
    \sqrt{2}= 1\cdot 414,\sqrt{3}= 1\cdot 732
    We get :
    = \sqrt{2}\cdot \sqrt{3}
    = 1\cdot 414\times 1\cdot 732= 2\cdot 449
    Hence the answer is 2.449

    (iii) Answer. 0.462852
    Solution. Given that \frac{\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{5}}{2}
    This can be written as
    \frac{\sqrt{2}\times \sqrt{5}-\sqrt{5}}{2}
    Now putting the given values,
    \sqrt{2}= 1\cdot 414,\sqrt{5}= 2\cdot 236
    We get :
    \Rightarrow \frac{1\cdot 414\times 2\cdot 236-2\cdot 236}{2}
    = 0.462852
    Hence the answer is 0.462852
    (iv) Answer. 0.414
    Solution. Given: \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2+\sqrt{2}}
    Rationalising,
    \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2+\sqrt{2}}\times \frac{2-\sqrt{2}}{2-\sqrt{2}}
    Using (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2
    = \frac{\sqrt{2}\left ( 2-\sqrt{2} \right )}{2^{2}-\sqrt{2}^{2}}
    = \frac{2\sqrt{2}-2}{4-2}
    = \frac{2\left ( \sqrt{2}-1 \right )}{2}
    = \sqrt{2}-1

    Putting the given value of \sqrt{2}= 1\cdot 414
    We get
    = 1.414 – 1
    = 0.414
    Hence the answer is 0.414

    (v) Answer. 0.318
    Solution. Given that \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}
    Rationalising,
    \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}\times \frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}
    Using (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2
    = \frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}^{2}-\sqrt{2}^{2}}
    = \frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{3-2}
    = \sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}

    Putting the given values, \sqrt{2}= 1\cdot 414,\sqrt{3}= 1\cdot 732
    We get,
    = 1.732 – 1.414
    = 0.318
    Hence the answer is 0.318

    Question:14

    (i) Simplify :- (13 + 23 + 33)1/2
    (ii)
    Simplify :- \left ( \frac{3}{5} \right )^{4}\left ( \frac{8}{5} \right )^{-12}\left ( \frac{32}{5} \right )^{6}
    (iii) Simplify :- \left ( \frac{1}{27} \right )^{-\frac{2}{3}}
    (iv) Simplify :- \left [ \left \{ \left ( 625 \right )^{-\frac{1}{2}} \right \}^{-\frac{1}{4}} \right ]^{2}
    (v) Simplify :- \frac{9^{\frac{1}{3}}\times 27^{\frac{1}{2}}}{3^{\frac{1}{6}}\times 9^{-\frac{2}{3}}}
    (vi) Simplify :-64^{-\frac{1}{3}}\left ( 64^{\frac{1}{3}}-64^{\frac{2}{3}} \right )
    (vii) Simplify :- \frac{8^{\frac{1}{3}}\times 16^{\frac{1}{3}}}{32^{-\frac{1}{3}}}

    Answer:

    (i) Answer. 6
    Solution. (13 + 23 + 33)1/2
    We know that
    13 = 1.1.1 = 1
    23 = 2.2.2 = 8
    33 = 3.3.3 = 27
    Putting these values we get
    (13 + 23 + 33)1/2= \sqrt{1+8+27}
    =\sqrt{36}= 6
    Hence the answer is 6

    (ii) Answer.\frac{2025}{64}
    Solution.\left ( \frac{3}{5} \right )^{4}\left ( \frac{8}{5} \right )^{-12}\left ( \frac{32}{5} \right )^{6}
    We know that
    8 = 2.2.2 = 23
    32 = 2.2.2.2.2 = 25
    \left ( \frac{3}{5} \right )^{4}\left ( \frac{8}{5} \right )^{-12}\left ( \frac{32}{5} \right )^{6}= \left ( \frac{3}{5} \right )^{4}\left ( \frac{2^{3}}{5} \right )^{-12}\left ( \frac{2^{5}}{5} \right )^{6}
    = \frac{3^{4}\left ( 2^{3} \right )^{-12}\left ( 2^{5} \right )^{6}}{5^{4}5^{-12}5^{6}} \because \left ( \frac{a}{b} \right )^{m}= \frac{a^{m}}{b^{m}}
    = \frac{3^{4}2^{-36}2^{30}}{5^{4}5^{-12}5^{6}} \because \left ( \left ( a \right )^{m} \right )^{n}= \left ( a \right )^{mn}
    = \frac{3^{4}\times 2^{-36+30}}{5^{4-12+6}} \because \left ( a \right )^{m}\left ( a \right )^{n}= \left ( a \right )^{m+n}
    = \frac{3^{4}\times 2^{-6}}{5^{-2}}
    = \frac{3^{4}\times 5^{2}}{2^{6}} \because \left ( a \right )^{-m}= \left ( \frac{1}{a} \right )^{m}
    = \frac{81\times 25}{64}
    = \frac{2025}{64}
    Hence the answer is \frac{2025}{64}

    (iii) Answer. 9
    Solution. Given \left ( \frac{1}{27} \right )^{-\frac{2}{3}}
    We know that
    27 = 3.3.3 = 33
    \left ( \frac{1}{27} \right )^{-\frac{2}{3}}= \left ( \frac{1}{3^{3}} \right )^{-\frac{2}{3}}
    = \left ( 3^{3} \right )^{\frac{2}{3}} \because \left ( a \right )^{-m}= \left ( \frac{1}{a} \right )^{m}
    = \left ( 3 \right )^{3\times \frac{2}{3}} \because \left ( \left ( a \right )^{m} \right )^{n}= \left ( a \right )^{mn}

    = 32 = 9
    Hence the answer is 9

    (iv) Answer. 5
    Solution. Given \left [ \left \{ \left ( 625 \right )^{-\frac{1}{2}} \right \}^{-\frac{1}{4}} \right ]^{2}
    We know that
    625= \left ( 25 \right )\left ( 25 \right )= 5\cdot 5\cdot 5\cdot 5= 5^{4}
    \left [ \left \{ \left ( 625 \right )^{-\frac{1}{2}} \right \}^{-\frac{1}{4}} \right ]^{2}= \left [ \left \{ \left ( \left ( 5 \right )^{4} \right )^{-\frac{1}{2}} \right \} ^{-\frac{1}{4}}\right ]^{2}
    = 5^{4\times \frac{-1}{2}\times \frac{-1}{4}\times 2} \because \left ( \left ( a \right )^{m} \right )^{n}= \left ( a \right )^{mn}
    = 51 = 5
    Hence the answer is 5

    (v) Answer.\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{3}}
    Solution. We have \frac{9^{\frac{1}{3}}\times 27^{\frac{1}{2}}}{3^{\frac{1}{6}}\times 9^{-\frac{2}{3}}}
    Now we know that
    9 = 3.3 = 32
    27 = 3.3.3 = 33
    \frac{9^{\frac{1}{3}}\times 27^{\frac{1}{2}}}{3^{\frac{1}{6}}\times 9^{-\frac{2}{3}}}= \frac{\left ( 3^{2} \right )^{\frac{1}{3}}\times \left ( 3^{3} \right )^{\frac{1}{2}}}{\left ( 3 \right )^{\frac{1}{6}}\times \left ( 3^{2} \right )^{\tfrac{-2}{3}}}
    = \frac{\left ( 3\right )^{2\times \frac{1}{3}}\times \left ( 3 \right )^{3\times \frac{-1}{2}}}{\left ( 3 \right )^{\frac{1}{6}}\times \left ( 3 \right )^{\tfrac{-2}{3}}} \because \left ( \left ( a \right )^{m} \right )^{n}= \left ( a \right )^{mn}
    = \frac{\left ( 3 \right )^{\frac{2}{3}-\frac{3}{2}}}{\left ( 3 \right )^{\frac{1}{6}-\frac{2}{3}}} \because \left ( a \right )^{m}\left ( a \right )^{n}= \left ( a \right )^{m+n}
    = \frac{3^{\frac{4-9}{6}}}{3^{\frac{1-4}{6}}}
    =\frac{3^{-\frac{5}{6}}}{3^{-\frac{3}{6}}}
    = 3^{\frac{-5}{6}-\left ( \frac{-3}{6} \right )} \because \frac{\left ( a \right )^{m}}{\left ( a \right )^{n}}= \left ( a \right )^{m-n}
    = 3^{-\frac{2}{6}}
    = \left ( \frac{1}{3} \right )^{\frac{1}{3}} \because \left ( a \right )^{-m}= \left ( \frac{1}{a} \right )^{m}
    = \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{3}}

    Hence the answer is \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{3}}

    (vi) Answer. – 3
    Solution. We have ,64^{-\frac{1}{3}}\left ( 64^{\frac{1}{3}}-64^{\frac{2}{3}} \right )
    We know that 64 =4.4.4=43
    = \left ( 4^{3} \right )^{\frac{-1}{3}}\left \{ \left ( \left ( 4^{3} \right ) ^{\frac{1}{3}}-\left ( 4^{3} \right ) ^{\frac{2}{3}}\right )\right \}
    = \left ( 4 \right )^{3\times \frac{-1}{3}}\left \{ \left ( \left ( 4 \right )^{3\times \frac{1}{3}}-\left ( 4 \right )^{3\times \frac{2}{3}} \right ) \right \} \because \left ( \left ( a \right )^{m} \right )^{n}= \left ( a \right )^{mn}
    = 4^{-1}\left ( 4-4^{2} \right )
    = \frac{1}{4}\left ( 4-16 \right ) \because \left ( a \right )^{-m}= \left ( \frac{1}{a} \right )^{m}
    = \frac{1}{4}\left ( -12 \right )

    = – 3
    Hence the answer is – 3

    (vii) Answer. 16
    Solution.
    Given ,\frac{8^{\frac{1}{3}}\times 16^{\frac{1}{3}}}{32^{-\frac{1}{3}}}
    We know that
    8 = 2.2.2 = 23
    16 = 2.2.2.2 = 24
    32 = 2.2.2.2.2 = 25
    \frac{8^{\frac{1}{3}}\times 16^{\frac{1}{3}}}{32^{-\frac{1}{3}}}= \frac{\left ( 2^{3} \right )^{\frac{1}{3}}\times\left ( 2^{4} \right )^{\frac{1}{3}}}{\left ( 2^{5} \right )^{-\frac{1}{3}}}
    = \frac{2^{3\times\frac{1}{3}}\times2^{4\times\frac{1}{3}}}{2^{5\times\frac{-1}{3}}} \because \left ( \left ( a \right )^{m} \right )^{n}= \left ( a \right )^{mn}
    = 2^{1+\frac{4}{3}+\frac{5}{3}} \because \left ( a \right )^{m}\left ( a \right )^{n}= \left ( a \right )^{m+n} and
    \because \frac{\left ( a \right )^{m}}{\left ( a \right )^{n}}= \left ( a \right )^{m-n}
    = 2^{\frac{3+4+5}{3}}= 2^{\frac{12}{3}}
    = 2^{4}= 16

    Hence the answer is 16.

    NCERT Exemplar Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter-1: Exercise-1.4

    Question:1

    Express 0.6 + 0\cdot \bar{7}+0\cdot \overline{47} in the form \frac{p}{q} where p and q are integers and q\neq 0.
    Answer:

    Answer. \frac{167}{90}
    Solution. Let x = 0.6
    Multiply by 10 on LHS and RHS
    10x = 6
    x= \frac{6}{10}
    x= \frac{3}{5}
    So, the \frac{p}{q} from of 0.6 = \frac{3}{5}
    Let y = 0\cdot \bar{7}
    Multiply by 10 on LHS and RHS
    10y = 7.7777 …….
    10y – y = 7\cdot \bar{7}-0\cdot \bar{7}
    = 7.77777 ….. – 0.77777 ……
    9y = 7
    y= \frac{7}{9}
    So the \frac{p}{q} from of 0.7777 = \frac{7}{9}
    Let z = 0.47777…
    Multiply by 10 on both side
    10z = 4.7777 ….
    10z – z = 4\cdot \bar{7}-0\cdot4\bar{7}
    9z = 4.3
    z\approx \frac{4\cdot 3}{9}
    z= \frac{43}{90}
    So the \frac{p}{q}from of 0.4777 …. = \frac{43}{90}
    Therefore, \frac{p}{q} form of 0.6 + 0\cdot \bar{7}+0\cdot4\bar{7} is,
    x+y+z= \frac{3}{5}+\frac{7}{9}+\frac{43}{90}
    = \frac{\left ( 54+70+43 \right )}{90}
    = \frac{167}{90}
    Hence the answer is \frac{167}{90}

    Question:2

    Simplify :- \frac{7\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{3}}-\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}}-\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{15}+3\sqrt{2}}

    Answer:

    Answer. 1
    Solution.
    \frac{7\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{3}}-\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}}-\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{15}+3\sqrt{2}}
    Rationalise the denominators:
    \Rightarrow \left ( \frac{7\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{3}}\times \frac{\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{3}} \right )-\left ( \frac{2\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{3}} \times \frac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}}\right )-\left ( \frac{3\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{15}+3\sqrt{2} } \times\frac{\sqrt{15}-3\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{15}-3\sqrt{2}}\right )
    \Rightarrow \frac{7\sqrt{3}\left ( \sqrt{10} -\sqrt{3}\right )}{10-3}-\frac{2\sqrt{5}\left ( \sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5} \right )}{6-5}-\frac{3\sqrt{2}\left ( \sqrt{15}-3\sqrt{2} \right )}{15-8}
    \left [ \because a^{2}-b^{2} = \left ( a+b \right )\left ( a-b \right )\right ]
    \Rightarrow \frac{7\sqrt{3}\left ( \sqrt{10} -\sqrt{3}\right )}{7}-\frac{2\sqrt{5}\left ( \sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5} \right )}{1}-\frac{3\sqrt{2}\left ( \sqrt{15}-3\sqrt{2} \right )}{3}
    \Rightarrow \frac{7\sqrt{30}-21}{7}-\frac{2\sqrt{30}-10}{1}+\frac{3\sqrt{30}-18}{3}
    \Rightarrow \frac{21\sqrt{30}-63-42\sqrt{30}+210+21\sqrt{30}-126}{21}
    \Rightarrow \frac{21}{21}= 1
    Hence the answer is 1.

    Question:3

    If \sqrt{2}= 1\cdot 414 and \sqrt{3}= 1\cdot 732 then find the value of \frac{4}{3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{3}{3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}}

    Answer:

    Answer. 2.0632
    Solution. Given that :
    \sqrt{2}= 1\cdot 414,\sqrt{3}= 1\cdot 732
    \frac{4}{3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{3}{3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}}
    = \frac{4\left ( 3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2} \right )}{\left ( 3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2} \right )\left ( 3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2} \right )}+\frac{3\left ( 3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2} \right )}{\left ( 3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2} \right )\left (3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2} \right )}
    = \frac{4\left ( 3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2} \right )+3\left ( 3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2} \right )}{\left ( 3\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2} \right )\left ( 3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2} \right )}
    Using (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2
    = \frac{12\sqrt{3}+8\sqrt{2}+9\sqrt{3}-6\sqrt{2}}{\left ( 3\sqrt{3} \right )^{2}-\left ( 2\sqrt{2} \right )^{2}}
    = \frac{21\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}}{27-8}
    = \frac{21\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}}{19}

    Putting the given values,= \frac{21\left ( 1\cdot 732 \right )+2\left ( 1\cdot 414 \right )}{19}
    =\frac{39\cdot 2014}{19}
    = 2.0632
    Hence the answer is 2.0632.

    Question:4

    If a= \frac{3+\sqrt{5}}{2} then find the value of a^{2}= \frac{1}{a^{2}}

    Answer:

    Answer. 7
    Solution.
    Given that :- a= \frac{3+\sqrt{5}}{2}
    \therefore \frac{1}{a}= \frac{2}{3+\sqrt{5}}
    On rationalizing the denominator, we get
    \frac{1}{a}= \frac{2\left ( 3-\sqrt{5} \right )}{\left ( 3+\sqrt{5} \right )\left ( 3-\sqrt{5} \right )}
    Using (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2
    = \frac{6-2\sqrt{5}}{3^{2}-\sqrt{5}^{2}}
    = \frac{6-2\sqrt{5}}{9-5}
    = \frac{6-2\sqrt{5}}{4}
    = \frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}
    Also, \left ( a+\frac{1}{a} \right )^{2}= a^{2}+\frac{1}{a^{2}}+2
    Substituting the values of a and \frac{1}{a}
    We get, \left ( \frac{3+\sqrt{5}}{2}+\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2} \right )^{2}= \left ( a^{2}+\frac{1}{a^{2}}+2 \right )
    \therefore a^{2}+\frac{1}{a^{2}}+2= \left ( \frac{3+\sqrt{5}+3-\sqrt{5}}{2} \right )^{2}
    = (3)2 = 9
    \therefore a^{2}+\frac{1}{a^{2}}= 9-2= 7
    Hence the correct answer is 7.

    Question:5

    If x= \frac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}} and y= \frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}} then find the value of x2 + y2.

    Answer:

    Answer. 98
    Solution.We use the identity \left ( a+b \right )^{2}= a^{2}+b^{2}+2ab
    So, \left ( \sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b} \right )^{2}= a+2\sqrt{ab}+b
    x^{2}+y^{2}= \left ( \frac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}} \right )^{2}+\left ( \frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}} \right )^{2}
    = \frac{3+2\sqrt{6}+2}{3-2\sqrt{6}+2}+\frac{3-2\sqrt{6}+2}{3+2\sqrt{6}+2}
    = \frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{5-2\sqrt{6}}+\frac{5-2\sqrt{6}}{5+2\sqrt{6}}
    = \frac{\left ( 5+2\sqrt{6} \right )^{2}+\left ( 5-2\sqrt{6} \right )^{2}}{\left ( 5-2\sqrt{6} \right ){\left ( 5+2\sqrt{6} \right )}}
    = \frac{\left ( 25+20\sqrt{6}+24 \right )+\left ( 25-20\sqrt{6} +24\right )}{25-24}

    Using (a – b) (a + b) = a2– b2= 98
    Hence the answer is 98.

    Question:6

    Simplify : \left ( 256 \right )^{-\left ( 4^{\frac{-3}{2}} \right )}

    Answer:

    Answer. 248
    Solution. Given, \left ( 256 \right )^{-\left ( 4^{\frac{-3}{2}} \right )}
    We know that,
    256 = 2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2 = 28
    \left ( 256 \right )^{-\left ( 4^{\frac{-3}{2}} \right )} = \left ( 2^{8} \right )^{\left ( -4 \right )\times \left ( -\frac{3}{2} \right )}
    \because \left ( \left ( a \right ) ^{m}\right )^{n}= \left ( a \right )^{mn}
    =\left ( 2 \right )^{8\times \left ( -4 \right )\times \left ( -\frac{3}{2} \right )}
    = 2^{8\times 4\times \frac{3}{2}}= 2^{8\times 2\times 3}= 2^{48}
    Hence the answer is 248

    Question:7

    Find the value of \frac{4}{\left ( 216 \right )^{\frac{-2}{3}}}+\frac{1}{\left ( 256 \right )^{\frac{-3}{4}}}+\frac{2}{\left ( 243 \right )^{\frac{-1}{5}}}.

    Answer:

    Answer. 214
    Solution. We have, \frac{4}{\left ( 216 \right )^{\frac{-2}{3}}}+\frac{1}{\left ( 256 \right )^{\frac{-3}{4}}}+\frac{2}{\left ( 243 \right )^{\frac{-1}{5}}}
    We know that
    216 = 6.6.6 = 63
    256 = 4.4.4.4 = 44
    243 = 3.3.3.3.3 = 35
    So, \frac{4}{\left ( 216 \right )^{\frac{-2}{3}}}+\frac{1}{\left ( 256 \right )^{\frac{-3}{4}}}+\frac{2}{\left ( 243 \right )^{\frac{-1}{5}}}
    = \frac{4}{\left ( 6^{3} \right )^{\frac{-2}{3}}}+\frac{1}{\left ( 4^{4} \right )^{\frac{-3}{4}}}+\frac{2}{\left ( 3 ^{5}\right )^{-\frac{1}{5}}}
    = \frac{4}{\left ( 6 \right )^{3\times \frac{-2}{3}}}+\frac{1}{\left ( 4 \right )^{4\times \frac{-3}{4}}}+\frac{2}{\left ( 3 \right )^{5\times \frac{-1}{5}}}
    \because \left ( \left ( a \right )^{m} \right )^{n}= \left ( a \right )^{mn}
    = \frac{4}{6^{-2}}+\frac{1}{4^{-3}}+\frac{2}{3^{-1}}
    = 4 × 62 + 43 + 2 × 3
    \because \frac{1}{\left ( a \right )^{-n}}= \left ( a \right )^{n}
    = 4 × 36 + 64 + 6
    = 144 + 70
    = 214
    Hence the answer is 214

    NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 9 Maths Chapter 1 Number System Important Topics:

    Topics covered in NCERT exemplar Class 9 Maths solutions chapter 1 deals with the understanding of:

    ◊ Real Numbers as Rational numbers and Irrational numbers.

    ◊ Problems to find a rational number between two given numbers or to find an irrational number between two given numbers are dealt with here.

    ◊ The concepts of the number line and locating rational number and irrational numbers on the number line are explained.

    ◊ The decimal expressions of real numbers and fractions are explained in categories like terminating or non-terminating as well as recurring or non-recurring.

    ◊ Questions based on operations performed on real numbers and exponents for real numbers are explained appropriately.

    ◊ Laws of exponents for real numbers such as dealing with multiplications of powers and addition of powers of real numbers are explained through NCERT exemplar Class 9 Maths solutions chapter 1.

    ◊ The concept of rationalising the denominator by multiplication of conjugate of an irrational number is explained through NCERT exemplar solutions for Class 9 Maths chapter 1.

    NCERT Class 9 Maths Exemplar Solutions for Other Chapters:

    Features of NCERT Exemplar Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 1 Number System:

    These Class 9 Maths NCERT exemplar solutions chapter 1 will help the students to understand the concept and knowledge of the real numbers. Students of Class 9 can use these solutions as reference material for better study and practice sums of real numbers.

    The NCERT exemplar Class 9 Maths solutions chapter 1 Number System will be adequate to solve problems of other reference books such as NCERT Class 9 Maths, RD Sharma Class 9 Maths or RS Aggarwal Class 9 Maths etcetera.

    NCERT exemplar Class 9 Maths solutions chapter 1 pdf download will be made available to resolve the doubts encountered while attempting the exemplar of chapter 1.

    NCERT Class 9 Exemplar Solutions for Other Subjects:

    Check NCERT Solutions for questions given in book

    Also, check NCERT Solution Subject Wise

    Also, check NCERT Notes Subject Wise

    Also Check NCERT Books and NCERT Syllabus here

    Frequently Asked Question (FAQs)

    1. What is the weightage of Number System in Class 9 Maths?

    Number system weighs approximately 8-10% (discretional to the paper setters; varies from school to school for Class 9 Maths)  of the total marks of the paper, however, being one on the basic building blocks for Maths of higher Classes (Class 10, Class 11 and Class 12), the student should understand and practice NCERT exemplar Class 9 Maths chapter 1.

    2. Will these problems of exemplar require additional knowledge of real number?

    The NCERT exemplar Class 9 Maths solutions chapter 1 equip the student with a multidimensional approach to the problems and understanding the concept of Number System.

    3. What is the weightage of Real Numbers in JEE Main and JEE Advanced?

    A clear understanding of Real Number can prepare a student in solving the problems based on fundamentals of maths which ranges from 2-5% marks of the whole paper.

    4. Will it be beneficial to refer NCERT exemplar Class 9 Maths solutions for competitive exams?

    NCERT exemplar Class 9 Maths solutions chapter 1 will provide the student multifaceted problems to hone the skills and prepare well for the competitive exams such as JEE Main.

    5. Why π is an irrational number even its value is 22/7?

    Pi is an irrational number because it is a non-terminating non-recurring decimal number. Recently, a tech company employee has broken the Guinness World Record by calculating Pi till 31.4 trillion (1012) decimal places (See it is never-ending…..)

    6. Is the number of rational numbers more than the number of irrational numbers?

    NCERT exemplar Class 9 Maths solutions chapter 1 explains that both the sets of rational and irrational numbers are infinite; hence, it cannot be deduced.

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    A block of mass 0.50 kg is moving with a speed of 2.00 ms-1 on a smooth surface. It strikes another mass of 1.00 kg and then they move together as a single body. The energy loss during the collision is

    Option 1)

    0.34\; J

    Option 2)

    0.16\; J

    Option 3)

    1.00\; J

    Option 4)

    0.67\; J

    A person trying to lose weight by burning fat lifts a mass of 10 kg upto a height of 1 m 1000 times.  Assume that the potential energy lost each time he lowers the mass is dissipated.  How much fat will he use up considering the work done only when the weight is lifted up ?  Fat supplies 3.8×107 J of energy per kg which is converted to mechanical energy with a 20% efficiency rate.  Take g = 9.8 ms−2 :

    Option 1)

    2.45×10−3 kg

    Option 2)

     6.45×10−3 kg

    Option 3)

     9.89×10−3 kg

    Option 4)

    12.89×10−3 kg

     

    An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated to be in the range

    Option 1)

    2,000 \; J - 5,000\; J

    Option 2)

    200 \, \, J - 500 \, \, J

    Option 3)

    2\times 10^{5}J-3\times 10^{5}J

    Option 4)

    20,000 \, \, J - 50,000 \, \, J

    A particle is projected at 600   to the horizontal with a kinetic energy K. The kinetic energy at the highest point

    Option 1)

    K/2\,

    Option 2)

    \; K\;

    Option 3)

    zero\;

    Option 4)

    K/4

    In the reaction,

    2Al_{(s)}+6HCL_{(aq)}\rightarrow 2Al^{3+}\, _{(aq)}+6Cl^{-}\, _{(aq)}+3H_{2(g)}

    Option 1)

    11.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}  at STP  is produced for every mole HCL_{(aq)}  consumed

    Option 2)

    6L\, HCl_{(aq)}  is consumed for ever 3L\, H_{2(g)}      produced

    Option 3)

    33.6 L\, H_{2(g)} is produced regardless of temperature and pressure for every mole Al that reacts

    Option 4)

    67.2\, L\, H_{2(g)} at STP is produced for every mole Al that reacts .

    How many moles of magnesium phosphate, Mg_{3}(PO_{4})_{2} will contain 0.25 mole of oxygen atoms?

    Option 1)

    0.02

    Option 2)

    3.125 × 10-2

    Option 3)

    1.25 × 10-2

    Option 4)

    2.5 × 10-2

    If we consider that 1/6, in place of 1/12, mass of carbon atom is taken to be the relative atomic mass unit, the mass of one mole of a substance will

    Option 1)

    decrease twice

    Option 2)

    increase two fold

    Option 3)

    remain unchanged

    Option 4)

    be a function of the molecular mass of the substance.

    With increase of temperature, which of these changes?

    Option 1)

    Molality

    Option 2)

    Weight fraction of solute

    Option 3)

    Fraction of solute present in water

    Option 4)

    Mole fraction.

    Number of atoms in 558.5 gram Fe (at. wt.of Fe = 55.85 g mol-1) is

    Option 1)

    twice that in 60 g carbon

    Option 2)

    6.023 × 1022

    Option 3)

    half that in 8 g He

    Option 4)

    558.5 × 6.023 × 1023

    A pulley of radius 2 m is rotated about its axis by a force F = (20t - 5t2) newton (where t is measured in seconds) applied tangentially. If the moment of inertia of the pulley about its axis of rotation is 10 kg m2 , the number of rotations made by the pulley before its direction of motion if reversed, is

    Option 1)

    less than 3

    Option 2)

    more than 3 but less than 6

    Option 3)

    more than 6 but less than 9

    Option 4)

    more than 9

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