CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Syllabus 2025-26: Download PDF, Check Topics & Marking Scheme

Unit Name

Concepts

Accounting for Partnership Firms

• Partnership: features, Partnership Deed.

• Provisions of the Indian Partnership Act 1932 in the absence of a partnership deed.

• Fixed v/s fluctuating capital accounts. Preparation of Profit and Loss Appropriation account- division of profit among partners, guarantee of profits.

• Past adjustments (relating to interest on capital, interest on drawing, salary and profit sharing ratio).

• Goodwill: meaning, nature, factors affecting and methods of valuation - average profit, super profit and capitalisation.

Accounting for Partnership firms - Reconstitution and Dissolution.

• Change in the Profit Sharing Ratio among the existing partners - sacrificing ratio, gaining ratio, accounting for revaluation of assets and reassessment of liabilities and treatment of reserves, accumulated profits and losses. Preparation of revaluation account and balance sheet.

• Admission of a partner - effect of admission of a partner on change in the profit sharing ratio, treatment of goodwill (as per AS 26), treatment for revaluation of assets and re-assessment of liabilities, treatment of reserves, accumulated profits and losses, adjustment of capital accounts and preparation of capital, current account and balance sheet.

• Retirement and death of a partner: effect of retirement/death of a partner on change in profit sharing ratio, treatment of goodwill (as per AS 26), treatment for revaluation of assets and reassessment of liabilities, adjustment of accumulated profits, losses and reserves, adjustment of capital accounts and preparation of capital, current account and balance sheet. Preparation of the loan account of the retiring partner.

• Calculation of the deceased partner’s share of profit till the date of death. Preparation of the deceased partner’s capital account and his executor’s account.

• Dissolution of a partnership firm: meaning of dissolution of partnership and partnership firm, types of dissolution of a firm. Settlement of accounts - preparation of realisation account, and other related accounts: capital accounts of partners and cash/bank a/c (excluding piecemeal distribution, sale to a company and insolvency of partner(s)).

Accounting for Companies

Features and types of companies.

Accounting for Share Capital

• Share and share capital: nature and types.

• Accounting for share capital: issue and allotment of equity and preference shares. Public subscription of shares - over subscription and under subscription of shares; issue at par and premium, calls in advance and arrears (excluding interest), issue of shares for consideration other than cash.

• Concept of Private Placement and Employee Stock Option Plan (ESOP), Sweat Equity.

• Accounting treatment of forfeiture and re-issue of shares.

• Disclosure of share capital in the Balance Sheet of a company.

Accounting for Debentures

• Debentures: Meaning, types, Issue of debentures at par, at a premium and a discount. Issue of debentures for consideration other than cash; Issue of debentures with terms of redemption; debentures as collateral security-concept, interest on debentures (concept of TDS is excluded). Writing off discount/loss on the issue of debentures.

Unit Name

Concepts

Analysis of Financial Statements

• Financial statements of a Company: Meaning, Nature, Uses and importance of financial Statements.

• Statement of Profit and Loss and Balance Sheet in prescribed form with major headings and subheadings (as per Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013)

• Financial Statement Analysis: Meaning, Significance, Objectives, importance and limitations.

• Tools for Financial Statement Analysis: Comparative statements, common size statements, Ratio analysis, and cash flow analysis.

• Accounting Ratios: Meaning, Objectives, Advantages, classification and computation.

• Liquidity Ratios: Current ratio and Quick ratio.

• Solvency Ratios: Debt to Equity Ratio, Total Asset to Debt Ratio, Proprietary Ratio and Interest Coverage Ratio. Debt to Capital Employed Ratio.

• Activity Ratios: Inventory Turnover Ratio, Trade Receivables Turnover Ratio, Trade Payables Turnover Ratio, Fixed Asset Turnover Ratio, Net Asset Turnover Ratio and Working Capital Turnover Ratio.

• Profitability Ratios: Gross Profit Ratio, Operating Ratio, Operating Profit Ratio, Net

• Profit Ratio and Return on Investment.

Cash Flow Statement

Meaning, objectives, Benefits, Cash and Cash Equivalents, Classification of Activities and preparation

Chapter name

Topics

Overview of Computerised Accounting System

• Introduction: Application in Accounting.

• Features of Computerised Accounting System.

• Structure of CAS.

• Software Packages: Generic, Specific, Tailored.

Accounting Application of Electronic Spreadsheet

• Concept of the electronic spreadsheet.

• Features offered by an electronic spreadsheet.

• Application in generating accounting information - bank reconciliation statement, asset accounting, loan repayment of loan schedule, ratio analysis

• Data representation- graphs, charts and diagrams.

Using a Computerised Accounting System

• Steps in the installation of CAS, codification and Hierarchy of account heads, creation of accounts.

• Data: Entry, validation and verification.

• Adjusting entries, preparation of balance sheet, profit and loss account, with closing entries and opening entries.

• Need and security features of the system.

Units

Marks

Part A

Accounting for Partnership Firms and Companies

Unit 1. Accounting for Partnership Firms

36

Unit 2. Accounting for Companies

24

60

Part B

Financial Statement Analysis

Unit 3. Analysis of Financial Statements

12

Unit 4. Cash Flow Statement

8

20

Part C

Project Work

20

Project work will include:

Project File

12 Marks

Viva Voce

8 Marks

Or

Part B

Computerised Accounting

Unit 4. Computerised Accounting

20

Part C

Practical Work

20

Practical work will include:

Practical File 12 Marks

Viva Voce 8 Marks