CBSE Class 11 Biology Syllabus 2025-26: Download PDF, Topics & Practical Details

Unit

Title

Marks

I

Diversity of Living Organisms

15

II

Structural Organisation in Plants and Animals

10

III

Cell: Structure and Function

15

IV

Plant Physiology

12

V

Human Physiology

18

Total

70

Unit No. & Name

Chapter Name

Topics Covered

Unit I: Diversity of Living Organisms

The Living World

Biodiversity, Need for classification, Three domains of life, Taxonomy and systematics, Species concept, Taxonomical hierarchy, Binomial nomenclature

Biological Classification

Five Kingdom classification, Features and classification of Monera, Protista, Fungi, Lichens, Viruses, Viroids

Plant Kingdom

Classification and features of Algae, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae, Angiosperms

Animal Kingdom

Features and classification of non-chordates (up to phylum) and chordates (up to class level)

Unit II: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

Morphology of Flowering Plants

Morphology of root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit, seed; Family Solanaceae description

Anatomy of Flowering Plants

Anatomy and functions of tissue systems in dicots and monocots

Structural Organisation in Animals

Frog morphology, anatomy and function of digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous, and reproductive systems

Unit III: Cell - Structure and Function

Cell - The Unit of Life

Cell theory, Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, Structure and function of cell organelles, Cell membrane, Cell wall, Nucleus

Biomolecules

Biomolecules: proteins, carbs, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzyme types, properties, and action

Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Cell cycle phases, Mitosis, Meiosis and their significance

Unit IV: Plant Physiology

Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

Site and phases of photosynthesis, Photophosphorylation, C3 & C4 pathways, Factors affecting photosynthesis

Respiration in Plants

Glycolysis, Fermentation, TCA cycle, Electron transport system, ATP production, RQ

Plant - Growth and Development

Seed germination, Phases and rate of growth, PGRs (auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA)

Unit V: Human Physiology

Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Human respiratory system, Breathing mechanism, Gas exchange, Transport, Respiratory disorders

Body Fluids and Circulation

Blood composition, Blood groups, Coagulation, Heart structure, ECG, Cardiac output, Disorders

Excretory Products and Their Elimination

Human excretory system, Urine formation, Osmoregulation, Kidney regulation, Disorders, Dialysis

Locomotion and Movement

Types of movement, Skeletal muscle, Muscle contraction, Skeletal system, Joint and muscle disorders

Neural Control and Coordination

Neuron, Human nervous system, Nerve impulse generation and conduction

Chemical Coordination and Integration

Human endocrine glands, Hormones, Mechanism of action, Related disorders

Section

Details

A. List of Experiments

1. Study of common flowering plants from Solanaceae (or region-specific family), dissection of floral parts, study of root, stem, and leaf types.

2. Preparation and study of transverse sections (T.S.) of dicot and monocot roots and stems.

3. Demonstration of osmosis using a potato osmometer.

4. Study of plasmolysis in Rhoeo/lily/onion epidermal peels.

5. Distribution of stomata on upper and lower leaf surfaces.

6. Comparative transpiration rate in upper vs lower surfaces of leaves.

7. Biochemical tests for sugar, starch, proteins, and fats in plant/animal materials.

8. Separation of plant pigments using paper chromatography.

9. Study of respiration rate in flower buds, leaves, or germinating seeds.

10. Test for urea in urine.

11. Test for sugar in urine.

12. Test for albumin in urine.

13. Test for bile salts in urine.

B. Spotting (Study & Observation)

1. Identification and parts of a compound microscope.

2. Study of specimens/slides/models: Bacteria, Oscillatoria, Spirogyra, Rhizopus, mushroom, yeast, liverwort, moss, fern, pine, monocot plant, dicot plant, lichen.

3. Study of virtual specimens/slides/models: Amoeba, Hydra, liver fluke, Ascaris, leech, earthworm, prawn, silkworm, honey bee, snail, starfish, shark, rohu, frog, lizard, pigeon, rabbit.

4. Study of mitosis in onion root tip and grasshopper cells (permanent slides).

5. Identification of cymose and racemose inflorescences.

6. Study of human skeleton and joints using virtual images/models only.