NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Q: What are arteries and veins? How are they different?

Arteries : Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart; have thick walls. Veins : Carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart; have thinner walls and valves.

Edited By Irshad Anwar | Updated on Apr 21, 2025 11:50 AM IST

Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Transportation in Animals and Plants defines how organisms transport necessary substances such as oxygen, food, and water throughout their body. In animals, the circulatory system, which includes the heart, blood, and blood vessels, transports oxygen and food to all cells and withdraws wastes from the cells. Plant transport is with the help of structures such as xylem and phloem to transport water and nutrients. NCERT Solutions for Class 7 also show processes such as excretion in animals and transpiration in plants, showing that the waste is being removed effectively.

This Story also Contains

Solved Exercise Questions of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7:
Overview of Chapter 7:Transportation in Animals and Plants
Important Topics of Chapter 7:Transportation in Animals and Plants
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter-Wise
Practice Questions on Transportation in Animals and Plants

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Students understand fascinating facts like how fish release ammonia into water directly and how birds release uric acid in semi-solid form. NCERT Solutions of this chapter describe textbook questions with simple, easy-to-interpret answers and help students understand concepts like the human circulatory system, transport systems of plants, and their importance. These solutions need to be prepared for exams, and to have a good grasp of the concepts.

Download PDF of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7Download PDF

Solved Exercise Questions of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7:

The solutions are given in sequence as per the NCERT textbook data:

Q1. Match structures given in Column I with functions given in Column II.

Column I Column II

(i) Stomata (a) Absorption of water
(ii) Xylem (b) Transpiration
(iii) Root hairs (c) Transport of food
(iv) Phloem (d) Transport of water
(e) Synthesis of carbohydrates

Answer: The matched structures of column I with functions of column II is given below:

Column I	Column II
(i) Stomata	(b) Transpiration
(ii) Xylem	(d) Transport of water
(iii) Root hairs	(a) Absorption of water
(iv) Phloem	(c) Transport of food

Q2. Fill in the blanks

(i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the ___________ .
(ii) Haemoglobin is present in ___________ cells.
(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of _______________ .
(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called _________.
(v) The main excretory product in human beings is ___________ .
(vi) Sweat contains water and ____________ .
(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called __________.
(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of the suction pull caused by _________ .

Answer: (i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the arteries.
(ii) Haemoglobin is present in red blood cells.
(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of capillaries.
(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart are called a heartbeat.
(v) The main excretory product in human beings is urea.
(vi) Sweat contains water and salt.
(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called urine.
(viii) The water reaches great heights in the trees because of the suction pull caused by transpiration

Q3. Choose the correct option:

(a) In plants, water is transported through

(i) xylem

(ii) phloem

(iii) stomata

(iv) root hair

Answer: In plants, water is transported through the xylem.

So, the correct answer is (i) xylem.

Q3. Choose the correct option:

(b) Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the plants

(i) in the shade
(ii) in dim light
(iii) under the fan
(iv) covered with a polythene bag

Answer: Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the plants under the fan because the transpiration process is boosted.

Hence, the correct answer is (iii) under the fan.

Q4. Why is the transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal? Explain

Answer: Transport of materials is necessary for plants and animals because due to transportation the nutrients and oxygen are made available to all the parts of the body.

If the transport of necessary nutrients and oxygen does not take place in the body, the body will not be able to survive.

Q5. What will happen if there are no platelets in the blood?

Answer: Blood platelets help to clot the blood. When there is an injury occurs, blood starts flowing,g and if there are no platelets,

the blood will not be able to clot and keep on flowing. Therefore can cause death because of the huge loss of blood.

Q6. What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata.

Answer: There are small openings or pores on the lower surface of the leaves called stomata these opening are surrounded with guard cells.

The two functions of stomata are:

(i) Transpiration is possible through stomata, i.e., excess water loss from the plant.

(ii) Absorption of water from the roots, when there is the loss of water from the stomata creates an upward pull.

(iii) Exchange of gases.

Q7. Does transpiration serve any useful function in the plants? Explain

Answer: Transpiration helps in many ways:

(i) To enhance the absorption of water and dissolved minerals by the creation of a suction pull.

(ii) It helps in the loss of excess water from the plant.

(iii) Photosynthesis is possible because of the transportation of water and minerals to the leaves.

Q8. What are the components of blood?

Answer: There are four components of blood:

(i) Platelets: It helps in the formation of blood clots thus preventing the excessive bleeding from the wounds.

(ii) Plasma: They are present in the blood cells and also contain dissolved nutrients.

(iii) Red blood cells (RBC): They are the most abundant cells in the blood. RBC contains a red pigment called hemoglobin which carries oxygen and transports it to all the parts of the body.

(iv) White blood cells (WBC): They help the body fight against diseases by changing their shapes. Thus, they constitute the immune system of the body.

Q9. Why is blood needed by all the parts of the body?

Answer: Blood is needed by all parts of the body because it is an important part of the transport system of our body and performs the following important functions:

(i) Transports oxygen from the lungs to all the body cells.

(ii) Carries carbon dioxide, waste products back to the lungs so that it can be exhaled easily.

(iii) Blood fights against diseases and infections.

Q10. What makes the blood look red?

Answer: Blood looks red because of the presence of haemoglobin, a red pigment in the red blood cells or RBCs that makes blood appear red in colour.

The haemoglobin carries oxygen and transports it to all the parts of the body.

Q11. Describe the function of the heart.

Answer: The human heart is divided into four chambers,where the upper two chambers are called the right and left atria and the lower chambers are called the right and left ventricles, Therefore, the functions of the heart are as follows:

(i) The right atrium receives carbon dioxide-rich blood from the body. Blood from the right atrium enters the right ventricle, which contracts and pumps the blood to the lungs.

(iii) Oxygen-rich blood from the lungs returns to the left atrium, then blood enters the left ventricle, which contracts and pumps the blood to all parts of the body.

Hence basic function is to beat with rhythmic contraction and expansion throughout life and transport the blood as a pump.

Q12. Why is it necessary to excrete waste products?

Answer: The waste produced by our cells is toxic and therefore needs to be excreted. The process of removal of waste products produced in the cells of living organisms is called excretion.

Q13. Draw a diagram of the human excretory system and label the various parts.

Answer: The labelled diagram of the human excretory system is shown below:

human excretory system

Overview of Chapter 7:Transportation in Animals and Plants

This chapter explains that living organisms transport materials like food, water, oxygen, and minerals to sustain their living activities. In animals, the circulatory system is most important; the pumping heart transports the blood to receive oxygen and nutrients and sends wastes away. In plants, there is movement of water, minerals, and food in vascular tissue like xylem and phloem. Activities like animal excretion and plant transpiration are effective ways of eliminating the waste products without disrupting balance within the body of the organism.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7- Subject Wise

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science

Important Topics of Chapter 7:Transportation in Animals and Plants

Topics and Subtopics in Chapter Transportation in Animals and Plants:

Section	Topic Name
11	Transportation in Animals and Plants
11.1	Circulatory system
11.2	Excretion in Animals
11.3	Transport of substances in plants

Subtopics in Transportation in Animals and Plants Class 7 NCERT Solutions

The main subtopics of the chapter are:

Blood
Blood Vessels
Heart
Heart rate
Excretory System in Humans
Transport of Water and Minerals
Transpiration

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter-Wise

The chapterwise solutions are given below:

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 1 Nutrition in Plants

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 3 Heat

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 4 Acids, Bases and Salts

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 5 Physical and Chemical Changes

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 6 Respiration in Organisms

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Transportation in Animals and Plants

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 8 Reproduction in Plants

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 9 Motion and Time

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 10 Electric Current and Its Effects

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Light

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 12 Forests: Our Lifeline

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 13 Wastewater Story

Practice Questions on Transportation in Animals and Plants

Question: Which of the following is NOT part of the human circulatory system?

Options:

Heart
Lungs
Blood vessels
Blood

Answer: Option (2) Lungs

Solution: The human circulatory system includes the heart, blood, and blood vessels. Although the lungs are essential for breathing and aid in oxygenating blood, they belong to the respiratory system, not the circulatory system. The heart circulates blood, blood vessels carry it, and blood delivers oxygen and nutrients to the body.

Question: What is the movement of water and minerals from roots to leaves in plants known as?

Answer: The ascent of sap is the movement of water and minerals from roots to leaves via the xylem vessels in plants.

Question: Which are the two major tissues for transport in plants?

Answer: The two major conducting tissues in plants are:

Xylem, which moves water and minerals from roots to other parts.
Phloem, which carries food from leaves to every corner of the plant.

Question: Who identified blood circulation in humans?

Answer: William Harvey is the person who identified the blood circulation in the human body.

Question: Match the following:

A. Xylem – i. Transports food

B. Phloem – ii. Transports water

C. Capillaries – iii. Exchange of gases and nutrients

Options:

A-ii, B-i, C-iii
A-i, B-ii, C-iii
A-iii, B-ii, C-i
A-ii, B-iii, C-i

Answer: Option 1: A-ii, B-i, C-iii

Solution:

Xylem transports water and minerals.
The phloem transports food from leaves to other parts.
Capillaries are small blood vessels where there is an exchange of substances.

Question: Define transpiration in plants.

Answer: Transpiration is the evaporation of water vapour from the aerial parts of a plant, particularly through the stomata of leaves. It helps in drawing water upwards through the plant from the roots (transpirational pull). It also helps in cooling the plant and regulating nutrient flow.

Transpiration serves an important function in the cycle of water within plants. Transpiration also adds turgor and facilitates the transportation of minerals from roots.

Question: Explain the roles played by the given parts of the human circulatory system:

a) Heart

b) Blood

Answer: Heart: A muscular organ known as the heart serves as a pump to facilitate the flow of blood within the body. There are four chambers two atria and two ventricles that function collectively. The right side sends deoxygenated blood to the lungs, while the left side sends oxygenated blood to the body. The rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the heart allow for a constant flow of blood. It is the circulatory system's central unit.

Blood: Blood is a liquid connective tissue that carries nutrients, gases, hormones, and wastes. It is composed of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), platelets, and plasma.RBCs transport oxygen, WBCs fight infection, and platelets contribute to clotting. Blood maintains homeostasis, controls body temperature, and controls pH and electrolytes. It moves smoothly operation of all organs of the body.

Question: How are xylem and phloem material transports different in plants?

Answer: The transport processes of the xylem and phloem are different in direction, material carried, and energy requirement:

Xylem

Carries water and dissolved minerals from roots to all the aerial parts of the plant (one-way movement).
Transport takes place primarily because of transpiration pull, capillary action, and root pressure.
No energy requirement (passive process).
Xylem vessels consist of dead, empty cells that make up continuous tubes.

Phloem

Carries food (primarily sucrose) from leaves to the rest of the plant (bidirectional).
The process is referred to as translocation and it travels based on the needs of the plant.
It needs energy in the form of ATP (active process).
Phloem consists of living cells such as sieve tubes and companion cells.

Also, Check NCERT Books and NCERT Syllabus here

We hope you will ace your examination with the help of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Transportation in Animals and Plants.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is transportation in living organisms?

Transportation refers to the movement of substances like oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products within the body to maintain life processes.

2. Why do animals and plants need a transportation system?

Animals and plants need a transportation system to distribute essential nutrients, oxygen, and water to cells and remove waste products.

3. What are the components of the circulatory system in humans?

The components include the heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), and blood.

4. What is the function of the heart in the human body?

The heart pumps blood throughout the body to supply oxygen and nutrients while removing waste products like carbon dioxide.

5. How does blood transport oxygen and nutrients in the body?

Oxygen binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells, and nutrients dissolve in plasma. Blood circulates via arteries to deliver these substances to tissues.

6. What is the role of platelets in the blood?

Platelets help in clotting blood to prevent excessive bleeding during injuries.

7. Define pulse rate and how it is measured.

Pulse rate is the number of heartbeats per minute. It is measured by counting pulses at points like the wrist or neck.

8. What are arteries and veins? How are they different?

Arteries: Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart; have thick walls.

Veins: Carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart; have thinner walls and valves.

9. What is the function of the excretory system in humans?

The excretory system removes waste products like urea, excess salts, and water from the body.

10. How do the kidneys help in the excretion process?

Kidneys filter blood to remove waste products and form urine.

Also Read

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 13 Wastewater Story

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 4 Acids Bases and Salts

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 5 Physical and Chemical Changes

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths - Download Chapterwise PDF Solution

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 8 Comparing Quantities

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 12 Forests Our Lifeline

NCERT Books for Class 7 English 2025-26: Download PDF

NCERT Books for Class 7 Social Science 2025-26: Download PDF here

NCERT Books for Class 7 Science 2025-26: Download PDF Here

NCERT Books for Class 7 All Subjects: Download PDF

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