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    RD Sharma Solutions Class 12 Mathematics Chapter 19 MCQ

    RD Sharma Solutions Class 12 Mathematics Chapter 19 MCQ

    Kuldeep MauryaUpdated on 24 Jan 2022, 02:20 PM IST

    The class 12 RD Sharma chapter 19 exercise MCQ solution deals with the chapter of definite integrals which is a sub part of the indefinite integrals chapter, The Definite integral is defined to be the exact limit and summation that we looked at in the past section to find the net area between a function and the X-axis . The RD Sharma class 12th exercise MCQ gives us the brief practice of the entire chapter and makes us go through all the concepts one by one to revise each and every topic of the chapter thoroughly.

    Definite Integrals Excercise: MCQ

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 1

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi }{8}$
    Hint:
    Using $\int \sqrt{a^{2}-x^{2}} \; d x$
    Explanation:
    $\begin{aligned} &\int_{0}^{1} \sqrt{x(1-x)} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{1} \sqrt{x-x^{2}} d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{1} \sqrt{(x)^{2}-x+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}-\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{1} \sqrt{-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{1} \sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}} d x \end{aligned}$
    We know
    $\int \sqrt{a^{2}-x^{2}}=\frac{x}{2} \sqrt{a^{2}-x^{2}}+\frac{a^{2}}{2} \sin ^{-1} \frac{x}{a}+c$
    $I=\left[\frac{x-1 / 2}{2} \sqrt{\frac{1}{4}-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}}+\frac{1}{8} \sin ^{-1}\left(\frac{x-1 / 2}{2}\right)\right]_{0}^{1}$
    $I=\left[\frac{2 x-1}{4} \sqrt{\frac{1}{4}-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}}+\frac{1}{8} \sin ^{-1}\left(\frac{x-1 / 2}{1 / 2}\right)\right]_{0}^{1}$
    $=\left[\frac{2 x-1}{4} \sqrt{\frac{1}{4}-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}}+\frac{1}{8} \sin ^{-1}(2 x-1)\right]_{0}^{1}$
    $=\left(\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{\frac{1}{4}-\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}}+\frac{1}{8} \sin ^{-1}(1)\right)-\left(\frac{-1}{4} \sqrt{\frac{1}{4}-\left(0-\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}}+\frac{1}{8} \sin ^{-1}(-1)\right)$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\left(\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}}+\frac{1}{8} \times \frac{\pi}{2}\right)-\left(\frac{-1}{4} \sqrt{\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}}+\frac{1}{8} \times\left(-\frac{\pi}{2}\right)\right) \\\\ &=0+\frac{\pi}{16}-0-\left(-\frac{\pi}{16}\right) \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{8} \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 2

    Answer:
    2
    Hint:
    Using $\int x \; d x \text { and } \frac{d}{d x}(\tan x)$
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{1}{1+\sin x}$
    Explanation:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{1}{1+\sin x} \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{1}{1+\frac{2 \tan {x} / 2}{1+\tan^ {2} x / 2}} d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{1+\tan ^{2 } \frac{x}{2}}{1+\tan ^{2} x / 2+2 \tan x / 2} d x \\\\ &=\int \frac{\sec ^{2 } \frac {x}{2}}{\tan ^{2} x / 2+2 \tan \frac{x}{2}+1} d x \end{aligned}$

    $\begin{aligned} &\text { Put } 2 \tan \frac{x}{2}=t \\\\ &\sec ^{2} x / 2 \cdot 1 / 2 d x=d t \\\\ &\sec ^{2} x / 2 d x=2 d t \end{aligned}$
    When $x=0$ then $t= 0$
    When $x=\pi$ then $t= \infty$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{2 d t}{t^{2}+2 t+1} \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{(t+1)^{2}} d t \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{\infty}(t+1)^{-2} d t \\\\ &=\left[\frac{(t+1)^{2}}{-2+1}\right]_{9}^{\infty} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=-2\left[\frac{1}{(t+1)}\right]_{9}^{\infty} \\\\ &=-2(0-1) \\\\ &=2 \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 3

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi^{2}}{4}$
    Hint:
    $\int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x=\int_{0}^{a} f(a-x) d x$
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{x \tan x}{\sec x+\cos x} d x$
    Explanation:
    Let
    $I=\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{x \tan x}{\sec x+\cos x} d x, \quad\left[\therefore \int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x=\int_{0}^{a} f(a-x) d x\right]$
    $=\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{-(\pi-x) \tan x}{-\sec x-\cos x} d x$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{(\pi-x) \tan x}{\sec x+\cos x} d x \\\\ &I=\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{\pi \tan x}{\sec x+\cos x} d x-\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{x \tan x}{\sec x+\cos x} d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\pi \int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{\tan x}{\sec x+\cos x} d x-I \\\\ &2 I=\pi \int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}}{\frac{1}{\cos x}+\cos x} d x \\\\ &2 I=\pi \int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{\sin x}{1+\cos ^{2} x} d x \end{aligned}$
    Put
    $\begin{aligned} &\cos x=t \\\\ &-\sin x \; d x=d t \end{aligned}$
    When $x=0$ then $t=1$
    When $x=\pi$ then $t=-1$
    $=\pi \int_{1}^{-1} \frac{-d t}{1+t^{2}}$
    $=\frac{\pi}{2} \int_{-1}^{1} \frac{d t}{1+t^{2}}, \quad\left[\therefore-\int_{b}^{a} f(x) d x=\int_{a}^{b} f(a-x) d x\right]$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{\pi}{2}\left[\tan ^{-1} t\right]_{-1}^{1} \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{2}\left[\tan ^{-1}(1)-\tan ^{-1}(-1)\right] \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{2}\left[\frac{\pi}{4}-\left(-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\right] \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{\pi}{2}\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) \\\\ &=\frac{\pi^{2}}{4} \end{aligned}$


    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 4

    Answer:
    4
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{2 \pi} \sqrt{1+\sin {x} / 2} d x$
    Hint:
    Using $\int \sin x \; d x, \int \cos x \; d x$
    Explanation:
    Let
    $I=\int_{0}^{2 \pi} \sqrt{1+\sin {x} / 2} d x$
    $\begin{aligned} &{\left[\sin 2 \theta=2 \sin \theta \cos \theta, \quad \sin ^{2} \theta+\cos ^{2} \theta=1\right]} \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{2 \pi} \sqrt{\left(\sin {x} / 4+\cos {x} / 4\right)^{2}} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{2 \pi}\left(\sin x / 4+\cos {x} / 4\right) d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{2 \pi} \sin x / 4 d x+\int_{0}^{2 \pi} \cos ^{x} / 4 d x \\\\ &=\left[-4 \cos \frac{x}{4}\right]_{0}^{2 \pi}+\left[4 \sin \frac{x}{4}\right]_{0}^{2 \pi} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=-4 \cos [x / 4]_{0}^{2 \pi}+\left[4 \sin \frac{x}{4}\right]_{0}^{2 \pi} \\\\ &=\left[-4 \cos \frac{\pi}{2}+4 \cos 0\right]+\left[4 \sin \frac{\pi}{2}-4 \sin 0\right] \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=0+4+0 \\\\ &=4 \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 5

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi }{4}$
    Given:

    $\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sqrt{\cos x}}{\sqrt{\cos x}+\sqrt{\sin x}} d x$
    Hint:
    using $\int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x=\int_{0}^{a} f(a-x) d x$
    Explanation:
    Let
    $I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sqrt{\cos x}}{\sqrt{\cos x}+\sqrt{\sin x}} d x \ldots(i)$
    $I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sqrt{\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)}}{\sqrt{\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)}+\sqrt{\sin \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)}} d x, \quad\left[\therefore \int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x=\int_{0}^{a} f(a-x) d x\right]$$=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sqrt{\sin x}}{\sqrt{\sin x}+\sqrt{\cos x}} d x \ldots(i i)$
    Adding (i) and (ii)
    $\begin{aligned} &2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sqrt{\cos x}+\sqrt{\sin x}}{\sqrt{\sin x}+\sqrt{\cos x}} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 1 d x \\\\ &2 I=[x]_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \\\\ &2 I=\left[\frac{\pi}{2}-0\right] \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &2 I=\frac{\pi}{2} \\\\ &I=\frac{\pi}{4} \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 6

    Answer:
    $\log 2$
    Given:

    $\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{1+e^{x}} d x$
    Hint:
    Explanation:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{1+e^{x}} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{e^{x}\left(\frac{1}{e^{x}}+1\right)} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{e^{-x}}{1+e^{-x}} d x \end{aligned}$
    Put
    $\begin{aligned} &1+e^{-x}=t \\\\ &-e^{-x} d x=d t \\\\ &e^{-x} d x=-d t \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{-d t}{t} \\\\ &=[-\log |t|]_{0}^{\infty} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\left[-\log \left|1+e^{-x}\right|\right]_{0}^{\infty} \\\\ &=\left[-\log \left|1+e^{-\infty}\right|\right]-\left[-\log \left|1+e^{-0}\right|\right] \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=[-\log |1+0|]-[-\log |1+1|],\left[\therefore e^{-\infty}=0, \quad e^{-0}=1\right] \\\\ &=-[0-\log 2] \\\\ &=\log 2 \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 7

    Answer:
    2
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi^{2}}{4}} \frac{\sin \sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}} d x$
    Hint:
    Using $\int \sin x\; dx$
    Explanation:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi^{2}}{4}} \frac{\sin \sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}} d x \\\\ &\text { Put } \sqrt{x}=t \\\\ &\frac{1}{2 \sqrt{x}} d x=d t \\\\ &\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}} d x=2 d t \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin t \cdot 2 t\; d t \\\\ &=2\left[\frac{-\cos t}{1}\right]_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=2\left[-\cos \frac{\pi}{2}+\cos 0\right] \\\\ &=2[0+1] \\\\ &=2 \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 8

    Answer:
    $\log \left(\frac{4}{3}\right)$
    Hint:
    You must know about log properties and using partial fraction.
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos x}{(2+\sin x)+(1+\sin x)} d x$
    Explanation:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos x}{(2+\sin x)(1+\sin x)} d x \\\\ &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos x}{(1+1+\sin x)(1+\sin x)} d x \end{aligned}$
    Put
    $\begin{aligned} &1+\sin x=t \\\\ &\cos x \; d x=d t \end{aligned}$
    When $x=0$ then $t=1$
    When $x=\frac{\pi }{2}$ then $t=2$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{2} \frac{d t}{(t+1) t} \\\\ &\frac{1}{(t+1) t}=\frac{A}{t}+\frac{B}{t+1} \end{aligned}$
    Multiplying by $t(t+1)$
    $1=A(t+1)+B(t)$
    Putting $t=-1$
    $1=A(0)+B(-1)$
    $B=-1$
    Putting $t=-1$
    $\begin{aligned} &1=A(1)+B(0) \\\\ &A=1 \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &\frac{1}{(t+1) t}=\frac{1}{t}-\frac{1}{t+1} \\\\ &\int_{0}^{2} \frac{d t}{(t+1) t}=\int_{0}^{2} \frac{1}{t}-\frac{1}{t+1} d t \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{2} \frac{1}{t} d t-\int_{0}^{2} \frac{1}{t+1} d t \\\\ &=[\log |t|]_{1}^{2}-[\log |t+1|]_{1}^{2} \\\\ &=[\log 2-\log 1]-[\log 3-\log 2] \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\log 2-0-\log 3+\log 2 \\\\ &=2 \log 2-\log 3 \\\\ &=\log 2^{2}-\log 3 \\\\ &=\log 4-\log 3 \\\\ &=\log \left(\frac{4}{3}\right) \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 9

    Answer:
    $\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}} \tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)$
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1}{2+\cos x} d x$
    Hint:
    Using$\int \frac{1}{1+x^{2}} d x$

    Explanation:
    Let
    $I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1}{2+\cos x} d x$
    Put
    $\begin{aligned} &\cos x=\frac{1-\tan ^{2} x / 2}{1+\tan ^{2} x / 2} \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1}{2+\frac{1-\tan ^{2} x / 2}{1+\tan ^{2} x / 2}} d x \end{aligned}$
    $=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1+\tan ^{2} x / 2}{2\left(1+\tan ^{2} x / 2\right)+1-\tan ^{2} x / 2} d x$
    $=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sec ^{2 } x/ 2}{3+\tan ^{2} x / 2} d x$
    $\begin{aligned} &\text { Put } \tan ^{x} /_{2}=t \\\\ &\sec ^{2} x / 2 \cdot 1 / 2 d x=d t \\\\ &\sec ^{2} x /{ }_{2} d x=2 d t \end{aligned}$
    When $x=0$ then $t= 0$
    When $x=\frac{\pi }{2}$ then $t=1$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{1} \frac{2 d t}{t^{2}+(\sqrt{3})^{2}} \\\\ &=2\left[\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{t}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\right]_{0}^{1} \\\\ &=\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\left[\tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)-\tan ^{-1}(0)\right] \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\left[\tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)-0\right] \\\\ &=\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}} \tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right) \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 10

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi}{2}-1$
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{1} \sqrt{\frac{1-x}{1+x}} d x$
    Hint:
    Explanation:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{1} \sqrt{\frac{1-x}{1+x}} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{1} \sqrt{\frac{1-x}{1+x} \times \frac{1-x}{1-x}} d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{1} \sqrt{\frac{(1-x)^{2}}{1-x^{2}}} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{1} \frac{1-x}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}} d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{1} \frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}} d x-\int_{0}^{1} x\left(1-x^{2}\right)^{-1 / 2} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{1} \frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}} d x+\int_{0}^{1}\left(1-x^{2}\right)^{-1 / 2}(-2 x) d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\left[\sin ^{-1} x\right]_{0}^{1}+\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{\left(1-x^{2}\right)^{1 / 2}}{1 / 2}\right]_{0}^{1} \\\\ &=\left[\sin ^{-1}(1)-\sin ^{-1}(0)\right]+\frac{1}{2}\left[0-\frac{1}{1 / 2}\right] \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-0\right)+\frac{1}{2}(-2) \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{2}-1 \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 11

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi}{\sqrt{a^{2}-b^{2}}}$
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{1}{a+b \cos x} d x$
    Hint:
    Using$\int \frac{1}{1+x^{2}} d x$
    Explanation:

    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{1}{a+b \cos x} d x \\\\ &\cos x=\frac{1-\tan ^{2} x / 2}{1+\tan ^{2} x / 2} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{1}{a+b\left(\frac{1-\tan ^{2} x / 2}{1+\tan ^{2} x / 2}\right)} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{1+\tan ^{2} x / 2}{2 a+a \tan ^{2} x / 2+b-b \tan ^{2} x / 2} d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{\sec ^{2 } \frac{x}{2}}{(a-b) \tan ^{2} x / 2+(a+b)} d x \\\\ &\text { Put } \tan {x} /_{2}=t \\\\ &\sec ^{2} x / 2 \cdot{ }^{1} /{ }_{2} d x=d t \\\\ &\sec ^{2} x /{2} d x=2 d t \end{aligned}$
    $=\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{2 d t}{(a-b) t^{2}+(a+b)}$
    $=\frac{2}{(a-b)} \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{d t}{t^{2}+\left(\sqrt{\frac{a+b}{a-b}}\right)^{2}}$
    $=\frac{2}{a-b}\left\{\tan ^{-1}\left[t \sqrt{\frac{a-b}{a+b}}\right]\right\}_{0}^{\infty} \times \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{a+b}{a-b}}}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{2}{a-b} \frac{\sqrt{a-b}}{\sqrt{a+b}}\left(\tan ^{-1} \infty-\tan ^{-1} 0\right) \\\\ &=\frac{2}{\sqrt{(a+b)(a-b)}} \cdot\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{\sqrt{a^{2}-b^{2}}} \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 12

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi }{12}$
    Given:
    $\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \frac{1}{1+\sqrt{\cot x}} d x$
    Hint:
    Using$\int_{a}^{b} f(x) d x=\int_{a}^{b} f(a+b-x) d x$

    Explanation:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \frac{1}{1+\sqrt{\cot x}} d x \\\\ &I=\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \frac{1}{1+\sqrt{\frac{\cos x}{\sin x}}} d x, \quad\left[\therefore \cot x=\frac{\cos x}{\sin x}\right] \end{aligned}$
    $=\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \frac{\sqrt{\sin x}}{\sqrt{\sin x}+\sqrt{\cos x}} d x \ldots(i)$
    We have a property that
    $\int_{a}^{b} f(x) d x=\int_{a}^{b} f(a+b-x) d x$
    Using this, we get
    $=\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \frac{\sqrt{\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{3}+\frac{\pi}{6}-x\right)}}{\sqrt{\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{3}+\frac{\pi}{6}-x\right)}+\sqrt{\sin \left(\frac{\pi}{3}+\frac{\pi}{6}-x\right)}} d x$
    $=\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \frac{\sqrt{\cos x}}{\sqrt{\cos x}+\sqrt{\sin x}} d x,\left[\therefore \sin \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)=\cos x, \quad \cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)=\sin x\right]$
    $I=\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \frac{\sqrt{\cos x}}{\sqrt{\cos x}+\sqrt{\sin x}} d x \ldots(i i)$
    Adding (i) and (ii)
    $\begin{aligned} &2 I=\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \frac{\sqrt{\sin x}+\sqrt{\cos x}}{\sqrt{\sin x}+\sqrt{\cos x}} d x \\\\ &=\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} 1 d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\frac{1}{2}[x]_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \\\\ &I=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{\pi}{3}-\frac{\pi}{6}\right] \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{2 \pi-2 \pi}{6}\right] \\\\ &I=\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{\pi}{6} \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{12} \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 13

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi}{60}$
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{x^{2}}{\left(x^{2}+a^{2}\right)\left(x^{2}+b^{2}\right)\left(x^{2}+c^{2}\right)} d x=\frac{\pi}{2(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}$
    Hint:
    Using given condition find a,b,c.

    Explanation:
    Given that
    $\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{x^{2}}{\left(x^{2}+a^{2}\right)\left(x^{2}+b^{2}\right)\left(x^{2}+c^{2}\right)} d x=\frac{\pi}{2(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)} \ldots(i)$
    We have to evaluate
    $\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{d x}{\left(x^{2}+4\right)\left(x^{2}+9\right)}$
    Let
    $I=\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{d x}{\left(x^{2}+4\right)\left(x^{2}+9\right)}$
    Multiply and divide by $x^{2}$
    $I=\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{x^{2} d x}{\left(x^{2}+4\right)\left(x^{2}+9\right)\left(x^{2}+0\right)}$
    On comparing with equ (i)
    We get
    $\begin{aligned} &a^{2}=4 ; b^{2}=9 ; c^{2}=0 \\\\ &a=2 ; b=3 ; c=0 \end{aligned}$
    To given
    $\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{x^{2}}{\left(x^{2}+a^{2}\right)\left(x^{2}+b^{2}\right)\left(x^{2}+c^{2}\right)} d x=\frac{\pi}{2(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}$
    $\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{x^{2}}{\left(x^{2}+a^{2}\right)\left(x^{2}+b^{2}\right)\left(x^{2}+c^{2}\right)} d x=\frac{\pi}{2(2+3)(3+0)(0+2)}$
    $=\frac{\pi}{2 \times 5 \times 3 \times 2}$
    $=\frac{\pi}{60}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 14

    Answer:
    1
    Given:
    $\int_{1}^{\theta} \frac{\log x}{x} d x$
    Hint:
    Using by parts.
    Explanation:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} I &=\int_{1}^{e} \log x d x \\\\ &=\left[\log x \int 1 d x-\int \frac{d}{d x}(\log x)-\int d x\right]_{1}^{e} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\left[x \log x-\int \frac{1}{x} \cdot x d x\right]_{1}^{e} \\\\ &=[x \log x-x]_{1}^{e} \end{aligned}$

    $\begin{aligned} &=[x(\log x-1)]_{1}^{e} \\\\ & \\\\ &=1[0-1]=1 \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 15

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi}{12}$
    Given:
    $\int_{1}^{\sqrt{3}} \frac{1}{1+x^{2}} d x$
    Hint:
    Use formula $\int \frac{1}{1+x^{2}} d x=\tan ^{-1} x$

    Explanation:
    $\begin{aligned} I &=\int_{1}^{\sqrt{3}} \frac{1}{1+x^{2}} d x \\\\ &=\left[\tan ^{-1} x\right]_{1}^{\sqrt{3}} \\\\ &=\tan ^{-1} \sqrt{3}-\tan ^{-1} 1 \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{\pi}{3}-\frac{\pi}{4} \\\\ &=\frac{4 \pi-3 \pi}{12} \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{12} \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 16

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi}{12}+\log 2(\sqrt{2})$
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{3} \frac{3 x+1}{x^{2}+9} d x$
    Hint:
    Using$\int \frac{d x}{x} \text { and } \int \frac{1}{1+x^{2}} d x$

    Explanation:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{3} \frac{3 x+1}{x^{2}+9} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{3} \frac{3 x}{x^{2}+9} d x+\int_{0}^{3} \frac{1}{x^{2}+9} d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &= \int_{0}^{3} \frac{3 x}{x^{2}+9} d x+\int_{0}^{3} \frac{1}{x^{2}+9} d x \\\\ &=\left[\frac{3}{2} \log \left|x^{2}+9\right|+\frac{1}{3} \tan ^{-1} \frac{x}{3}\right]_{0}^{3} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{3}{2} \log 18+\frac{1}{3} \tan ^{-1} 1-\frac{3}{2} \log 9+\frac{1}{3} \tan ^{-1} 0 \\\\ &=\frac{3}{2}(\log 18-\log 9)+\frac{1}{3} \tan ^{-1}\left(\tan \frac{\pi}{4}\right)+\frac{1}{3} \tan ^{-1}(\tan 0) \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{3}{2}\left(\log \frac{18}{9}\right)+\frac{1}{3} \times \frac{\pi}{4}+\frac{1}{3} \times 0, \quad\left[\therefore \log m-\log n=\log \frac{m}{n}\right] \\\\ &=\frac{3}{2} \log 2+\frac{\pi}{12}+0 \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\log (2)^{3 / 2}+\frac{\pi}{12} \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{12}+\log 2(\sqrt{2}) \end{aligned}$


    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 17

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi }{4}$
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{x}{(1+x)\left(1+x^{2}\right)} d x$
    Hint:
    You must know derivation of sinx, cosx and tanx.

    Explanation:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{x}{(1+x)\left(1+x^{2}\right)} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\tan \theta}{(1+\tan \theta)\left(1+\tan ^{2} \theta\right)} \cdot \sec ^{2} \theta d \theta \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\tan \theta}{(1+\tan \theta)\left(\sec ^{2} \theta\right)} \cdot \sec ^{2} \theta d \theta \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\tan \theta+1-1}{1+\tan \theta} d \theta \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 1 d \theta-\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1}{1+\tan \theta} d \theta \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 1 d \theta-\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1}{1+\frac{\sin \theta}{\cos \theta}} d \theta, \quad\left[\therefore \tan \theta=\frac{\sin \theta}{\cos \theta}\right] \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 1 d \theta-\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos \theta}{\cos \theta+\sin \theta} d \theta \\\\\ &=[\theta]_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}-I_{1}, \quad \text { where } I_{1}=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos \theta}{\cos \theta+\sin \theta} d \theta \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-0\right)-I_{1} \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{2}-I_{1} \ldots(i) \end{aligned}$
    Now,
    $\begin{aligned} &I_{1}=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos \theta}{\cos \theta+\sin \theta} d \theta \ldots(i i) \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-\theta\right)}{\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-\theta\right)+\sin \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-\theta\right)} d \theta \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin \theta}{\sin \theta+\cos \theta} d \theta, \quad\left[\therefore \int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x=\int_{0}^{a} f(a-x) d x\right] \\\\ &I_{1}=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin \theta}{\sin \theta+\cos \theta} d \theta \ldots(i i i) \end{aligned}$
    Adding (ii) and (iii)
    $\begin{aligned} &I_{1}=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos \theta+\sin \theta}{\sin \theta+\cos \theta} d \theta \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 1 d \theta \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{1}{2}[\theta]_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \\\\ &=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{\pi}{2}-0\right] \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{4} \end{aligned}$
    Put in (i)
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\frac{\pi}{2}-\frac{\pi}{4} \\\\ &I=\frac{2 \pi-\pi}{4} \\\\ &I=\frac{\pi}{4} \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 18

    Answer:
    2
    Given:
    $\int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin |x| d x$
    Hint:
    You must know about $\left | x \right |$ function and $\int \sin x\; dx$

    Explanation:
    Let
    $I=\int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin |x| d x$
    We know that
    $\begin{aligned} &|x|=\left\{\begin{aligned} x, & x \geq 0 \\ -x, & x<0 \end{aligned}\right. \\\\ &I=\int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{0} \sin (-x) d x+\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin x \; d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=-\int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{0} \sin x \: d x+\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin x \; d x \\\\ &=-[-\cos x]_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{0}+[-\cos x]_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=[\cos x]_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{0}-[\cos x]_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \\\\ &=\cos (0)-\cos \left(-\frac{\pi}{2}\right)-\cos \frac{\pi}{2}+\cos (0) \\\\ &=1-0-0+1 \\\\ &=2 \end{aligned}$


    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 19

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi}{4}$
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1}{1+\tan x} d x$
    Hint:
    using$\int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x=\int_{0}^{a} f(a-x) d x$

    Explanation:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1}{1+\tan x} d x \\\\ &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1}{1+\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}} d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos x}{\cos x+\sin x} d x \ldots(i) \\\\ &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-2\right)}{\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-2\right)+\sin \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-2\right)} d x \end{aligned}$
    $I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin x}{\sin x+\cos x} d x \ldots(i i)$
    Adding (i) and (ii)
    $\begin{aligned} &2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin x+\cos x}{\sin x+\cos x} d x \\\\ &2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 1 d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\frac{1}{2}[x]_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \\\\ &I=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{\pi}{2}-0\right] \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{4} \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 20

    Answer:
    $e-1$
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cos x \cdot e^{\sin x} d x$
    Hint:
    You must know about $\frac{d}{d x}(\sin x)$ and $\int e^{t} d t$

    Explanation:
    Let
    $I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cos x \cdot e^{\sin x} d x$
    Put
    $\begin{aligned} &\sin x=t \\\\ &\cos x \; d x=d t \end{aligned}$
    When$x=0$ then $t= 0$
    When $x=\frac{\pi }{2}$ then $t=1$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{1} e^{t} d x \\\\ &=\left[e^{t}\right]_{0}^{1} \\\\ &=e^{1}-e^{0} \\\\ &=e-1 \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 21

    Answer:
    $\frac{1}{2}$
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{a} \frac{1}{1+4 x^{2}} d x=\frac{\pi}{8}$
    Hint:
    To solve this equation, we will do 4x in whole system.

    Explanation:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{a} \frac{1}{1+4 x^{2}} d x \\\\ &I=\int_{0}^{a} \frac{1}{1+(2 x)^{2}} d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\left[\frac{1}{2} \tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{2 x}{1}\right)\right]_{0}^{a} \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{8} \\\\ &\frac{1}{2}\left[\tan ^{-1}(2 a)-\tan ^{-1}(0)\right]=\frac{\pi}{8} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &\frac{1}{2}\left[\tan ^{-1}(2 a)\right]=\frac{\pi}{8} \\\\ &\tan ^{-1}(2 a)=\frac{\pi}{4} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &2 a=\tan \frac{\pi}{4} \\\\ &2 a=1 \\\\ &a=\frac{1}{2} \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 22

    Answer:
    0
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{1} f(x) d x=1 ; \int_{0}^{1} x f(x) d x=a ; \int_{0}^{1} 2 x^{2} f(x) d x=a^{2}$
    Hint:
    To solve this equation, we have to integrate differentially.

    Explanation:
    $\begin{aligned} &\int_{0}^{1} f(x) d x=1 \ldots(i) \\\\ &\int_{0}^{1} x f(x) d x=a \ldots(i i) \\\\ &\int_{0}^{1} 2 x^{2} f(x) d x=a^{2} \ldots(i i i) \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{1}(a-x)^{2} f(x) d x \\\\ &I=\int_{0}^{1}\left(a^{2}+x^{2}-2 a x\right) f(x) d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{1} a^{2} f(x) d x+\int_{0}^{1} x^{2} f(x) d x-\int_{0}^{1} 2 a x f(x) d x \\\\ &I=a^{2} \int_{0}^{1} f(x) d x+\int_{0}^{1} x^{2} f(x) d x-2 a \int_{0}^{1} x f(x) d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=a^{2}+a^{2}-2(a)(a) \\\\ &I=2 a^{2}-2 a^{2} \\\\ &I=0 \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 23

    Answer:
    0
    Given:
    $\int_{-\pi}^{\pi} \sin ^{3} x \cos ^{2} x \; d x$
    Hint:
    This equation is solve by $\int_{-a}^{a} f(x) d x$

    Explanation:
    $\begin{aligned} &\int_{-a}^{a} f(x) d x \\\\ &f(-x)=\sin ^{3}(-x) \cdot \cos ^{2}(-x) \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=-(\sin x)^{3} \cdot \cos ^{2} x \\\\ &=-\sin ^{3} x \cdot \cos ^{2} x \\\\ &=-f(x) \end{aligned}$
    f(x) is odd function.
    $\int_{-\pi}^{\pi} \sin ^{3} x \cos ^{2} x \; d x=0$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 24

    Answer:
    $I=\log \sqrt{3}$
    Given:
    $\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \frac{1}{\sin 2 x} d x$
    Hint:
    To solve this equation we convert sin into cosec
    Explanation:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \frac{1}{\sin 2 x} d x \\\\ &=\int_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \operatorname{cosec} 2 x \; d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=-\frac{1}{2}[\log |\operatorname{cosec} 2 x+\cot 2 x|]_{\frac{\pi}{6}}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \\\\ &I=-\frac{1}{2}\left[\log \left(\operatorname{cosec} \frac{2 \pi}{3}+\cot \frac{2 \pi}{3}\right)\right]-\left[\log \left(\operatorname{cosec} \frac{\pi}{3}+\cot \frac{\pi}{3}\right)\right] \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=-\frac{1}{2}\left[\log \left|\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right|\right]-\left[\log \left|\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right|\right] \\\\ &I=-\frac{1}{2}\left[\log \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\log \sqrt{3}\right] \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=-\frac{1}{2}[-\log \sqrt{3}-\log \sqrt{3}] \\\\ &I=-\frac{1}{2} \times-2 \log \sqrt{3} \\\\ &I=\log \sqrt{3} \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 25

    Answer:
    2
    Given:
    $\int_{-1}^{1}|1-x| d x$
    Hint:
    To solve this equation we use $\int \frac{x^{n}}{n+1}$ formula.

    Explanation:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &\int_{-1}^{1}|1-x| d x \\\\ &=\left[x-\frac{x^{2}}{2}\right]_{-1}^{1} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\left[1-\frac{1}{2}\right]-\left[-1-\frac{1}{2}\right] \\\\ &=1-\frac{1}{2}+1+\frac{1}{2} \\\\ &=2 \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 26

    Answer:
    $(\log x)^{-1}(x-1) x$
    Given:
    $\int_{x^{2}}^{x^{3}} \frac{1}{\log _{e} t} d x$
    Hint:
    This equation will solve by$f'(x)$formula.

    Solution:
    $\begin{aligned} &f^{\prime}(x)=\frac{1}{\log x^{3}} \cdot 3 x^{2}-\frac{1}{\log x^{2}} \cdot(2 x) \\\\ &f^{\prime}(x)=\frac{3 x^{2}}{3 \log x^{3}}-\frac{2 x}{2 \log x^{2}} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} f^{\prime}(x) &=\frac{x^{2}}{\log x}-\frac{x}{\log x} \\\\ &=\frac{x^{2}-x}{\log x} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{x(x-1)}{\log x} \\\\ &=(\log x)^{-1}(x-1) x \end{aligned}$



    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 27

    Answer:
    $10\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)^{9}$
    Hint:
    To solve this equation we convert sin into cos.
    Given:
    $I_{10}=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} x^{10} \sin x \; d x$
    Solution:
    $\begin{aligned} &I_{10}=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} x^{10} \sin x\; d x \\\\ &=-x^{10} \cdot \cos x-\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 10 x^{9} \cdot \cos x \; d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=0-10 \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} x^{9} \cdot \cos x \; d x \\\\ &=10\left[x^{9} \sin x-9 \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} x^{8} \sin x \; d x\right]_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=10\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)^{9}-90 \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} x^{8} \sin x \; d x \\\\ &=10\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)^{9}-90 I_{8} \\\\ &=10\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)^{9} \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 28

    Answer:
    $\frac{1}{2756}$
    Hint:
    Integrate then use limits
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{1} \frac{x}{(1-x)^{54}} d x$
    Solution:
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{1} \frac{x}{(1-x)^{54}} d x \\\\ &I=\int_{0}^{1} \frac{x}{(x-1)^{54}} \quad\left[\mathrm{Q}(x-y)^{2}=(y-x)^{2}\right] \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{1} \frac{x+1-1}{(x-1)^{54}} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{1} \frac{(x-1)}{(x-1)^{54}} d x+\int_{0}^{1} \frac{1}{(x-1)^{54}} d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{1}(x-1)^{-53} d x+\int_{0}^{1}(x-1)^{-54} d x \\\\ &=\left[-\frac{(x-1)^{-52}}{52}\right]_{0}^{1}+\left[-\frac{(x-1)^{-53}}{53}\right]_{0}^{1} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\left[\frac{(x-1)^{-52}}{52}\right]_{0}^{1}+\left[\frac{(x-1)^{-53}}{53}\right]_{0}^{1} \\\\ &=\frac{(-1)^{52}}{52}+\frac{(-1)^{53}}{53} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{1}{52}-\frac{1}{53}=\frac{1}{52 \times 53} \\\\ &=\frac{1}{2756} \end{aligned}$


    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 29

    Answer:
    $2(\sqrt{2}-1)$
    Hint:
    First integrate and then use limits
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sqrt{1-\sin 2 x} \; d x$
    Solution:
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sqrt{1-\sin 2 x} d x \\\\ &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sqrt{|\sin x-\cos x|^{2}} d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}|\sin x-\cos x| d x \\\\ &=\int_{\frac{\pi}{4}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}(\sin x-\cos x)dx-\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{4}}(\sin x-\cos x)dx \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=[-\cos x-\sin x]_{\frac{\pi}{4}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}-|-\cos x-\sin x|_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{4}} \\\\ &I=-0-1+\sqrt{2}-(-\sqrt{2}+1)=2 \sqrt{2}-2 \\\\ &I=2(\sqrt{2}-1) \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 30

    Answer:
    4
    Hint:
    To solve this we will split $1-x^{2}$ in differential form.
    Given:
    $\int_{-2}^{2}\left|1-x^{2}\right| d x$
    Solution:
    $\begin{aligned} &\int_{-2}^{2}\left|1-x^{2}\right| d x \\\\ &1-x^{2}=0 \\\\ &x^{2}=1 \\\\ &x=\pm 1 \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{-2}^{-1}\left(1-x^{2}\right) d x+\int_{-1}^{1}\left(1-x^{2}\right) d x+\int_{1}^{2}\left(1-x^{2}\right) d x \\\\ &=\left[\frac{x^{3}}{3}-x\right]_{-2}^{-1}+\left[x-\frac{x^{3}}{3}\right]_{-1}^{1}+\left[\frac{x^{3}}{3}-x\right]_{1}^{2} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\left[-\frac{1}{3}+1-\left(-\frac{8}{3}\right)+2\right]+\left[1-\frac{1}{3}-(-1)+\frac{1}{3}\right]+\left[\frac{8}{3}-2-\left(\frac{1}{3}-1\right)\right] \\\\ &=\frac{2}{3}-\left(-\frac{2}{3}\right)+\left[\frac{2}{3}-\left(-\frac{2}{3}\right)\right]+\left[\frac{2}{3}+\frac{2}{3}\right] \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{4}{3}+\frac{4}{3}+\frac{4}{3}+\frac{12}{3} \\\\ &=4 \end{aligned}$


    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 31

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi}{4}$
    Hint:
    To solve this equation we should simplify cot x.
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1}{1+\cot x} d x$
    Solution:
    Let
    $\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1}{1+\cot x} d x$
    $I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1}{1+\frac{\cos x}{\sin x}} d x, \quad\left[\therefore \cot x=\frac{\cos x}{\sin x}\right]$
    $=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin x}{\cos x+\sin x} d x \ldots(i), \quad\left[\therefore \int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x=\int_{0}^{a} f(a-x) d x\right]$
    $=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)}{\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)+\sin \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)} d x$
    $=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos x}{\cos x+\sin x} d x \ldots(i i)$
    Adding (i) and (ii)
    $\begin{aligned} &2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos x+\sin x}{\cos x+\sin x} d x \\\\ &2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 1 d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\frac{1}{2}[x]_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \\\\ &I=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{\pi}{2}-0\right] \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{4} \end{aligned}$


    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 32

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi }{4}$
    Hint:
    To solve this equation we use $\int_{b}^{a} f(x) d x$ formula.
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin x}{\sin x+\cos x} d x$
    Solution:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin x}{\sin x+\cos x} d x \ldots(i) \\\\ &\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} f(x) d x=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} f\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right) d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)+\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos x}{\cos x+\sin x} d x \ldots(i i) \end{aligned}$
    Adding (i) and (ii)
    $\begin{aligned} &2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin x}{\sin x+\cos x} d x+\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos x}{\cos x+\sin x} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1}{\sin x+\cos x}[\cos x+\sin x] d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 1 d x \\\\ &2 I=[x]_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &2 I=\left[\frac{\pi}{2}-0\right] \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{2} \times \frac{1}{2} \\\\ &I=\frac{\pi}{4} \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 33

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi }{2}$
    Hint:
    To solve this equation we use $\int_{a}^{b} \frac{d}{d x} f(x) d x$ formula.
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{1} \frac{d}{d x}\left\{\sin ^{-1}\left(\frac{2 x}{1+x^{2}}\right)\right\} d x$
    Solution:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} I &=\int_{0}^{1} \frac{d}{d x}\left\{\sin ^{-1}\left(\frac{2 x}{1+x^{2}}\right)\right\} d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{1} \frac{d}{d x}\left(2 \tan ^{-1} x\right) d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=2 \int_{0}^{1} \frac{d}{d x}\left(\tan ^{-1} x\right) d x \\\\ &=2 \int_{0}^{1} \frac{1}{1+x^{2}} d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=2\left[\tan ^{-1} x\right]_{0}^{1} \\\\ &=2\left[\tan ^{-1} 1-\tan ^{-1} 0\right] \\\\ &=2\left[\frac{\pi}{4}\right]-0 \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{2} \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 34

    Answer:
    1
    Hint:
    To solve this equation we suppose sin x as cos x.
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} x \sin x \; d x$
    Solution:
    Let
    $I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} x \sin x \; d x$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\left[x \int \sin x \; d x+\int \cos x \; d x\right]_{0}^{\pi / 2} \\\\ &=[-x \cos x+\sin x]_{0}^{\pi / 2} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=-\frac{\pi}{2} \cos \frac{\pi}{2}+\sin \frac{\pi}{2}-0 \\\\ &=-\frac{\pi}{2} \cos \frac{\pi}{2}+1 \\\\ &=0+1=1 \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 35

    Answer:
    0
    Hint:
    To solve this equation we use $\int_{a}^{b} f(x) d x$ formula.
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin 2 x \log \tan x \; d x$
    Solution:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin 2 x \log \tan x \; d x \ldots(i) \\\\ &\int_{a}^{b} f(x) d x=\int_{a}^{b} f(a+b-x) d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin 2\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right) \cdot \log \left[\tan \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)\right] d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin (\pi-2 x) \cdot \log \cot x \; d x \end{aligned}$
    $=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin 2 x \cdot \log \cot x\; d x \ldots(i i)$
    Adding (i) and (ii)
    $2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin 2 x \cdot \log \tan x+\sin 2 x \cdot \log \cot x \; d x$
    $\begin{aligned} &2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin 2 x(\log \tan x+\log \cot x) d x \\\\ &2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin 2 x(\log \tan x \cdot \cot x) d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &\log a \cdot b=\log a+\log b \\\\ &2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin 2 x\left(\log \tan x \cdot \frac{1}{\tan x}\right) d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin 2 x(\log 1) d x \\\\ &2 I=0 \\\\ &I=0 \end{aligned}$


    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 36

    Answer:
    $\frac{\pi }{4}$
    Hint:
    To solve this equation we convert cos in term of tan.
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{1}{5+3 \cos x} d x$
    Solution:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{1}{5+3 \cos x} d x \\\\ &\therefore \cos 2 \theta=\frac{1-\tan ^{2} \theta}{1+\tan ^{2} \theta} \end{aligned}$
    $\cos \theta=\frac{1-\tan ^{2} \theta / 2}{1+\tan ^{2} \theta / 2}$
    $I=\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{1}{5+3\left(\frac{1-\tan ^{2} \frac{x}{2}}{1+\tan ^{2} \frac{x}{2}}\right)} d x$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{\sec ^{2} \frac{x}{2}}{8+2 \tan ^{2} \frac{x}{2}} d x \\\\ &\text { Let } \tan \frac{x}{2}=t, \sec ^{2} \frac{x}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} d x=d t \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{2}{2} \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{d t}{4+t^{2}} \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{(2)^{2}+t^{2}} d t \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\left[\frac{1}{2} \tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{t}{2}\right)\right]_{0}^{\infty} \\\\ &=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)=\frac{\pi}{4} \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 37

    Answer:
    $\pi \log 2$
    Hint:
    To solve this equation we suppose x as tan x.
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\infty} \log \left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(\frac{1}{1+x^{2}}\right) d x$
    Solution:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\infty} \log \left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(\frac{1}{1+x^{2}}\right) d x \\\\ &x=\tan x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &d x=\sec ^{2} \theta d \theta \\\\ &\text { When } x=0, \tan \theta=0, \theta=0 \\\\ &\text { When } x=\infty, \tan \theta=\infty, \theta=\frac{\pi}{2} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \log (\tan \theta+\cot \theta) \cdot \frac{\sec ^{2} \theta d \theta}{1+\tan ^{2} \theta} \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \log \left(\frac{\sin \theta}{\cos \theta}+\frac{\cos \theta}{\sin \theta}\right) d \theta \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin ^{2} \theta+\cos ^{2} \theta}{\sin \theta \cos \theta} d \theta \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \log 1-\log (\sin \theta \cos \theta) d \theta \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \log \sin \theta d \theta-\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \log \cos \theta d \theta \\\\ &=-\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \log 2\right)-\left(-\frac{\pi}{2} \log 2\right) \end{aligned}$
    $I=0$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 38

    Answer:
    $\int_{a}^{2 a} f(x) d x=\int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x+\int_{0}^{2 a}f(2 a-x) d x$
    Hint:
    Given:
    $\int_{a}^{2 a} f(x) d x$
    Solution:
    $\int_{a}^{2 a} f(x) d x$
    $\begin{aligned} &f(2 a-x)=f(x) \\\\ &\int_{0}^{a} 2 f(x) d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=2 \int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x \\\\ &\int_{a}^{2 a} f(x) d x=\int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x+\int_{0}^{2 a}f(2 a-x) d x \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 39

    Answer:
    $I=\frac{a+b}{2} \int_{a}^{b} f(x) d x$
    Hint:
    To solve this we will split (a+b-x)
    Given:
    $\int(a+b-x)=f(x)$
    Solution:
    $\int(a+b-x)=f(x)$
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{a}^{b} x \cdot f(x) d x \ldots(i) \\\\ &\int_{a}^{b} f(x) d x=\int_{a}^{b}(a+b-x) d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{a}^{b}(a+b-x) \cdot f(a+b-x) d x \\\\ &I=\int_{a}^{b}(a+b-x) \cdot f(x) d x \end{aligned}$
    $I=\int_{a}^{b}(a+b) \cdot f(x) d x-\int_{a}^{b} x f(x) d x \ldots(i i)$
    Adding equation (i) and (ii)
    $I+I=\int_{a}^{b} x f(x) d x+\int_{a}^{b}(a+b) \cdot f(x) d x-\int_{a}^{b} x f(x) d x$
    $\begin{aligned} &2 I=\int_{a}^{b}(a+b) f(x) d x \\\\ &I=\frac{1}{2} \int_{a}^{b}(a+b) f(x) d x \\\\ &I=\frac{a+b}{2} \int_{a}^{b}(a+b) f(x) d x \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 40

    Answer:
    0
    Hint:
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{1} \tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{2 x-1}{1+x-x^{2}}\right) d x$
    Explanation:
    $\begin{aligned} I &=\int_{0}^{1} \tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{2 x-1}{1-x-x^{2}}\right) d x \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{1} \tan ^{-1}\left[\frac{x-(1-x)}{1+x(1-x)}\right] d x \end{aligned}$
    $=\int_{0}^{1} \tan ^{-1} x-\tan ^{-1}(1-x) d x$ .........Eq(i)
    Using properties,
    $\begin{aligned} &\int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x=\int_{0}^{a} f(a-x) d x \\\\ &I=\int_{0}^{1} \tan ^{-1}(1-x)-\tan ^{-1}(1-(1-x)) d x \end{aligned}$
    $=\int_{0}^{1} \tan ^{-1}(1-x)-\tan ^{-1} x \; d x$ ..........Eq(ii)
    Adding Eq(i) and Eq(ii)
    $\begin{aligned} &2 I=0 \\\\ &I=0 \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 41

    Answer:
    $I=0$
    Hint:
    To solve this equation we use $\int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x$ formula.
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \log \left[\frac{4+3 \sin x}{4+3 \cos x}\right] d x$
    Solution:
    Let
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \log \left[\frac{4+3 \sin x}{4+3 \cos x}\right] d x \ldots(i) \\\\ &\int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x=\int_{0}^{a}(a-x) d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \log \left[\frac{4+3 \sin \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)}{4+3 \cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)}\right] d x \\\\ &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \log \left[\frac{4+3 \cos x}{4+3 \sin x}\right] d x \ldots(i i) \end{aligned}$
    Adding (i) and (ii)
    $\begin{aligned} &2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\left(\log \left[\frac{4+3 \cos x}{4+3 \sin x}\right]+\log \left[\frac{4+3 \sin x}{4+3 \cos x}\right]\right) d x \\\\ &2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\left(\log \left[\frac{4+3 \cos x}{4+3 \sin x}\right] \cdot \log \left[\frac{4+3 \sin x}{4+3 \cos x}\right]\right) d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &2 I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 1 d x \\\\ &2 I=0 \\\\ &I=0 \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 42

    Answer:
    $\pi$
    Hint:
    We use $\int_{-a}^{a} f(x) d x=0$ function.
    Given:
    $\int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\left(x^{3}+x \cos x+\tan ^{5} x+1\right) d x$
    Explanation:
    $\begin{aligned} &\int_{-a}^{a} f(x) d x=0\\\\ &f(x) \text { odd function }\\\\ &f(-x)=-f(x)\\\\ &(-x)^{3}=-x^{3} \ldots(i) \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &x \cos x \\\\ &(-x) \cos (-x)=-x \cos x \ldots(i i) \\\\ &\tan ^{5} x \\\\ &\tan ^{5}(-x)=-\tan ^{5} x \ldots(i i i) \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} x^{3} d x+\int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} x \cos x d x+\int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \tan ^{5} x d x+\int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 1 d x \\\\ &=\int_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 1 d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=[x]_{-\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \\\\ &=\frac{\pi}{2}-\left(-\frac{\pi}{2}\right) \\\\ &=\frac{2 \pi}{2} \\\\ &=\pi \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 43

    Answer:
    1
    Hint:
    To solve this equation.
    Given:
    $\int_{-\frac{\pi}{4}}^{\frac{\pi}{4}} \frac{1}{1+\cos 2 x} d x$
    Explanation:
    $\begin{aligned} &\int_{-\frac{\pi}{4}}^{\frac{\pi}{4}} \frac{1}{1+\cos 2 x} d x \\\\ &=\int_{-\frac{\pi}{4}}^{\frac{\pi}{4}} \frac{1}{2 \cos ^{2} x} d x \\\\ &1+\cos 2 x=2 \cos ^{2} x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{1}{2} \int_{-\frac{\pi}{4}}^{\frac{\pi}{4}} \frac{1}{\cos ^{2} x} d x \\\\ &=\frac{1}{2} \int_{-\frac{\pi}{4}}^{\frac{\pi}{4}} \sec ^{2} x d x \\\\ &\frac{1}{\cos x}=\sec x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{1}{2}[\tan x]_{\frac{\pi}{4}}^{\frac{\pi}{4}} \\\\ &=\frac{1}{2}\left[\tan \frac{\pi}{4}-\tan \left(-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\right] \\\\ &=\frac{1}{2}[1-(-1)] \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\frac{1}{2}[1+1] \\\\ &=\frac{2}{2} \\\\ &=1 \end{aligned}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 44

    Answer:
    $\int_{a}^{b} f(x+c) d x$
    Hint:
    To solve this $\int_{a}^{b} f(x) d x$ formula is used.
    Given:
    $\int_{a+c}^{b+c} f(x) d x$
    Explanation:
    $\int_{a+c}^{b+c} f(x) d x$
    $\begin{aligned} &=f[x]_{a+c}^{b+c} \\ \\ &=f(b+c)-f(a+c) \end{aligned}$
    Now, solving option (b),
    $\begin{aligned} &\int_{a}^{b} f(x+c) d x \\\\ &=[f(x+c)]_{a}^{b} \\\\ &=f(b+c)-f(a+c) \end{aligned}$
    Hence, option (b) is correct.

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 45

    Answer:
    $\frac{a}{2} \int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x$
    Hint:
    To solve this equation we use $\int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x$ formula.
    Given:
    $f(x)=f(a-x), \quad g(x)+g(a-x)=a$
    Explanation:
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{a} g(x) f(x) d x \ldots(i) \\\\ &\text { Put } x=(a-x) \\\\ &=\int_{0}^{a} g(a-x) f(a-x) d x \ldots(i i) \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{a} f(x)(a-g(x)) d x \\\\ &I=a \int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x-\int_{0}^{a} f(x) \cdot g(x) d x \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{gathered} I=a \int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x-I \\\\ 2 I=a \int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x \\\\ I=\frac{a}{2} \int_{0}^{a} f(x) d x \end{gathered}$

    Definite Integrals exercise Multiple choice question 46

    Answer:
    1
    Hint:
    To solve this question we have to use substitution method.
    Given:
    $\int_{0}^{1} \tan \left(\sin ^{-1} x\right) d x$
    Explanation:
    $\begin{aligned} &\sin ^{-1} x=t \\\\ &x=\sin t \\\\ &d x=\cos t d t \\\\ &\text { When } x=0, \sin ^{-1} 0=0 \\\\ &\text { When } x=1, \sin ^{-1} 1=\frac{\pi}{2} \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &I=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \tan t \cdot \cos t \; d t \\\\ &\frac{\sin t}{\cos t}=\tan t \\\\ &\sin t=\cos t \cdot \cos t \end{aligned}$
    $\begin{aligned} &=\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin t d t \\\\ &I=[-\cos t]_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \\\\ &I=0-(-1) \\\\ &=1 \end{aligned}$


    The RD Sharma class 12 solution of Definite integrals exercise MCQ covers the chapter 'Definite Integrals.' There are about 46 MCQs in this exercise which gives a brief insight of the chapter. The RD Sharma class 12th exercise MCQ covers all the essential concepts like,

    • Limit sum of definite integrals

    • Fundamentals of a theorem in definite integral

    • Basic properties

    • Evaluation method of integrals

    The beneficial factors of using the RD Sharma class 12 solution chapter 19 exercise MCQ are :-

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