Maharashtra State Board 12th Physics Books - Download PDF Free Online

Angular displacement, Angular acceleration and angular velocity, Relation between linear and angular velocity, Uniform circular motion, Non-uniform circular motion, Radial acceleration, Centripetal and centrifugal forces, Banking of roads, Vertical circular motion, Concepts of centripetal and centrifugal forces in a rotating frame of reference, Motion in a vertical circle with derivation of equation, Equation of motion for vertical circular motion. Kinematic equations for circular motion in analogous to linear motion.

Newton’s law of gravitation, Projection of satellite, Periodic time, Statement of Kepler’s laws of motion, Binding energy and escape velocity of a satellite, Weightlessness condition in orbit, Variation of ‘g’ due to altitude, latitude, depth, and motion, Communication satellite and its uses.

Definition of M.I., K.E. of rotating body, Rolling motion, Physical significance of M.I., Radius of gyration, Torque, Principle of parallel and perpendicular axes, M.I. of some regular shaped bodies about specific axes, Angular momentum and its conservation.

Explanation of periodic motion, S.H.M., Differential equation of linear S.H.M., Projection of U.C.M. on any diameter, Phase of S.H.M., K.E. and P.E. in S.H.M., Composition of two S.H.M.’s having the same period and along the same line, Simple pendulum, Damped S.H.M.

General explanation of elastic property, Plasticity, Deformation, Definitions of stress and strain, Hooke’s law, Poisson’s ratio, Elastic energy, Elastic constants and their relation, Determination of ‘Y’, Behaviour of metal wire under increasing load, Comparison of elastic behaviour of materials.

Simple harmonic progressive waves, Reflection of transverse and longitudinal waves, Change of phase, Superposition of waves, Formation of beats, Doppler effect in sound.

Concept of an ideal gas, Assumptions of kinetic theory, M.P.V., then P=nkT, Derivation for pressure of a gas, Degrees of freedom, Derivation of Boyle’s law, Thermodynamics – Thermal equilibrium and definition of temperature, 1st law of thermodynamics, Heat engines and refrigerators, Qualitative idea of black body radiation, Wien’s displacement law, Green house effect, Stefan’s law, Maxwell distribution, Law of equipartition of energy and application to Specific heat capacities of gases.

Wave theory of light, Huygens’ Principle, Construction of plane and spherical wave front, Wave front and wave normal, Reflection and refraction of wave, Refraction at plane surface, Polarisation, Polaroids, Plane and unpolarised light, Brewster’s law, Doppler effect in light.

Interference and fringe conditions for producing interference, Young’s double slit experiment, Coherent source, Fringe width and its expression, Diffraction and wave theory, Diffraction of light, Measurement of wavelength by biprism experiment, Diffraction due to single slit, Rayleigh’s criterion, Resolving power of a microscope and telescope, Difference between interference and diffraction.

Gauss’ theorem proof and applications, Mechanical force on unit area of a charged conductor, Energy density of an electric field, Dielectrics and electric polarisation, Concept of condenser, Capacity of parallel plate condenser, Effect of dielectric on capacity, Energy stored in charged condenser, Condensers in series and parallel, van de Graaff generator.

Circular current loop as a magnetic dipole, Magnetic dipole moment of revolving electron, Magnetisation and magnetic intensity, Diamagnetism, Paramagnetism, Ferromagnetism based on domain theory, Curie temperature.

Laws of electromagnetic induction, proof of, e = - dΦ/dt, Eddy currents, Self-induction and mutual induction, Need for displacement current, Transformer, A.C. Generator, Reactance and impedance, L.C. oscillations, communication, Propagation of electromagnetic waves in atmosphere.

Alpha particle scattering experiment, Rutherford’s model of atom, Bohr’s model, Hydrogen Spectrum, Composition and size of nucleus, Radioactivity, Decay law, mass-energy relation, mass defect, B.E. per nucleon and its variation with mass number, Nuclear fission and fusion, de Broglie hypothesis, Matter waves – wave nature of particles, Wavelength of an electron, Davisson and Germer experiment, Continuous and characteristic X-rays.

Energy bands in solids, Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, P-type and N-type semiconductors, P-N junction diode, I-V characteristics, Forward and reverse bias, Rectifiers, Zener diode and voltage regulator, Photodiode, Solar cell, I-V characteristics of CE mode, Transistor and its characteristics, Transistor as an amplifier (CE mode), NAND, NOR, AND, NOT, OR, Logic gates.

Elements of a communication system, Bandwidth of signals, Transmission media, Need for modulation, Production and detection of an amplitude modulated wave, Space communication.

List of Practicals mentioned in the Class 12 Physics book

To determine Young’s modulus of elasticity of the material of a given wire.

To find the force constant and effective mass of a helical spring by plotting a T-m graph using the method of oscillations.

To determine the surface tension of water by the capillary rise method.

To study the relationship between the temperature of a hot body and time by plotting a cooling curve.

To study the relation between frequency and length of a given wire under constant tension using a sonometer.

To study the relation between the length of a given wire and tension for constant frequency using a sonometer.

To find the speed of sound in air at room temperature using a resonance tube.

To find the resistance of the given wire using a metre bridge, and hence determine the specific resistance of its material.

To verify the laws of combination (series/parallel) of resistances using a metre bridge.

To compare the emf of two given cells using a potentiometer.

To determine the internal resistance of a given cell using a potentiometer.

To determine the resistance of a galvanometer using a metre bridge.

To draw the I-V characteristic curves of a p-n junction diode in forward bias and reverse bias.

To study the characteristics of a common-emitter NPN or PNP transistor and to find out the values of current and voltage gains.

To draw the characteristic curve of a Zener diode and to determine its reverse breakdown voltage.