Bihar Board Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2025-26 - Chapter-Wise Weightage & Marking Scheme

Bihar Board Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2026

The Bihar Board Class 12 Maths syllabus is divided into six main units. Calculus carries the highest weightage with 40 marks, while the other units are allocated between 9 and 18 marks each. The remaining units covered in the BSEB maths syllabus are Relations and Functions, Algebra, Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry, Linear Programming, and Probability.

Detailed Mathematics Class 12 Syllabus Bihar Board

The Bihar Board Class 12 Maths book contains 13 chapters, with the content being the same as the NCERT Class 12 Maths textbook for both English and Hindi medium students. The questions, which will be worth a total of 100 marks, will cover topics such as Differentiability, Applications of Derivatives, Indefinite Integrals, Definite Integrals, Applications of Integrals, and Differential Integrals. Check the detailed Bihar Board 12th Class Maths syllabus here.

Unit 1: Relations and Functions

• Types of relations: Equivalence, Symmetric, Transitive and Reflexive Relations

• Functions: One-to-one and onto functions, the inverse of a function, and composite functions.

• Binary operations

• Inverse Trigonometric Functions And Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions: properties of inverse, range, domain, principal value branch.

Unit 2: Algebra

• Matrices and operation on matrices: Concept, order, notation, equality, types of matrices, zero and identity matrix, symmetric and skew-symmetric matrices, transpose of a matrix

• Properties of addition, scalar multiplication, and non-commutativity of multiplication of matrices

• Existence of non-zero matrices

• Concept of elementary row and column operations.

• Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse

• Determinants: properties of determinants, Determinant of a square matrix, adjoint, and inverse of a square matrix, and cofactors

• Consistency and inconsistency

• Solutions of systems of linear equations in two or three variables using the inverse of a matrix.

Unit 3: Calculus

• Continuity and Differentiability: chain rule, derivatives of implicit functions derivative of composite functions, and derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions.

• Concept of logarithmic and exponential functions.

• Lagrange’s and Rolle’s Mean Value Theorems

• Applications of Derivatives

• Integrals: Integration as the inverse procedure of differentiation, Evaluation of simple integrals, Integration of a number of functions by substitution

• Applications of Integrals in finding areas under Straight lines, simple curves, circles/ellipses/parabolas.

• Differential Equations: Introduction, order, and degree

• Formation of a differential equation, solution of differential equations, Solutions of the linear differential equation of the form: dy/dx + py = q

Unit 4: Vectors and 3-D Geometry

• Vectors: Vectors and scalars

• Magnitude and direction of a vector, direction ratios of a vector, and direction cosines.

• Types of vectors, components of a vector, position vector of a point dividing a line in an assigned ratio.

• Geometrical Evaluation, properties, and application of scalar (dot) product of vectors, a scalar triple product of vectors, vector (cross) product of vectors

• Direction ratios and direction cosines of a line connecting two points.

• Cartesian equation and vector equation of a line and a plane.

• Angle between line and two lines

• Angle between a plane and two planes

Unit 5: Linear Programming

• Definition, objective function, optimization, and constraints

• Different types of linear programming problems.

• Mathematical formulation of linear programming problems.

• Graphical method of solution for linear equation problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions, feasible and infeasible solutions

Unit 6: Probability

• Conditional probability and Multiplication theorem on probability, total probability

• Independent events

• Baye’s theorem

• Random variable, Mean and variance of the random variable and its probability distribution

• Binomial distribution.

How Many Questions will be Asked in the BSEB 12th Maths Exam 2026?

Units such as Calculus, Algebra, and Probability have a higher weightage, which makes them important for students aiming for high scores. Students must focus on those topics first and then complete the rest of the topics. Check the type of questions asked in the Bihar Board 12th Maths exam below.