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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum

Edited By Shivani Poonia | Updated on Apr 29, 2025 02:03 PM IST

Have you ever thought where coal and petrol come from, which are the most important sources of energy? Coal and petroleum are non-renewable resources of energy that power industries, transportation, and even our homes. These are known as fossil fuels because they are formed from the remains of ancient animals and plants buried millions of years ago. In Class 8 Science NCERT chapter 3, Coal and Petroleum, students are going to learn about the formation of coal and petroleum, different types of energy resources, uses of these energy resources, and their contribution to fulfilling our daily energy needs. Here, students are going to learn about the environmental impact of burning coal and petroleum, and why it is important to look for renewable alternative energy sources for the future.

This Story also Contains
  1. Free download of coal and petroleum class 8 questions and answers PDF for CBSE exam.
  2. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum: Solved Questions
  3. Practice questions for Class 8 Science Coal and Petroleum
  4. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science- Chapter-Wise
  5. Class 8 Science Chapter 3 NCERT Solutions: Important Formulas and Points
  6. Coal And Petroleum Class 8 Science Chapter 3-Topics
  7. Benefits of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum-
  8. Key Features of Class 8 Science Chapter 3 NCERT Solutions
  9. NCERT Solutions For Class 8: Subject-Wise
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum

Solutions of NCERT are designed by our experienced subject experts in a very systematic and comprehensive way to develop a clear understanding of complex problems through a series of solved examples and conceptual explanations. Class 8 Science chapter 3 solutions provide a valuable resource to students for improving their performance in board exams. Our subject matter experts ensure that through NCERT solutions, students can gain maximum knowledge of the chapter.

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Free download of coal and petroleum class 8 questions and answers PDF for CBSE exam.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum: Solved Questions

Q1. What are the advantages of using CNG and LPG as fuels?

Answer:

Advantages of using CNG and LPG-

  • These are less polluting and cleaner fuels.
  • They can be burnt directly.
  • Transportation of these fuels is easily done through the pipeline system.
  • CNG and LPG have high calorific values.

Q2. Name the petroleum product used for surfacing of roads.

Answer:

These days, bitumen is a petroleum product that is used to surfacing the roads. Previously we use coal-tar for the same purpose.

Q3. Describe how coal is formed from dead vegetation. What is this process called?

Answer:

About 300 million year ago, Due to the natural calamities like flooding, storms and earthquake, the dense forests got buried under the soil. they were compressed, As more soil deposited over them. Under deep in the soil they were exposed to high pressure and high temperature, dead plants and animals slowly converted into coal. These process of conversion called carbonisation.

Q4. Fill in the blanks.
(a) Fossil fuels are ____________, and __________ .
(b) Process of separation of different constituents from petroleum is called_________ .
(c) Least polluting fuel for vehicle is __________.

Answer:

(a) Fossil fuels are coal and natural gas.
(b) The process of separation of different constituents from petroleum is called refining.
(c) The least polluting fuel for a vehicle is CNG (compressed natural gas) .

Q 5.(a) Tick True/False against the following statements.

Fossil fuels can be made in the laboratory. (T/F)

Answer:

(False) Dead plants and animals were buried inside the earth, deep down they were exposed to high pressure and temperature. under this condition, they slowly convert into Fossil fuels.

Q 5(b) Tick True and False against the following statements

(b) CNG is a more polluting fuel than petrol. (T/F)

Answer:

False, it is less polluting and a cleaner fuel.

Q 5 (c). Tick True/False against the following statements.

Coke is almost a pure form of carbon. (T/F)

Answer:

True,

Q 5 (d). Tick True/False against the following statements.

Coal tar is a mixture of various substances. (T/F)

Answer:

True,

it is a mixture of about 200 substances.

Q 5 (e). Tick True/False against the following statements.

Kerosene is not a fossil fuel. (T/F)
Answer:

False

Q 6. Explain why fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources.

Answer:

To regenerate, fossils fuels required millions of year. Deep inside the earth, they need high pressure and high temperature and it cannot be obtained in the laboratory. Their rate of conversion from dead vegetation to coal is very slow as compared to their rate of consumption. Therefore, they will exhaust in the near future.

Q 7. Describe characteristics and uses of coke.

Answer:

Characteristics of coke-

  • tough
  • porous
  • black substance

Uses of coke-

  • In the manufacture of steel
  • In the extraction of metals

Q 8. Explain the process of formation of petroleum.

Answer:

Petroleum was formed from the dead animals and plants, which live in the sea. when they died, their bodies settled at the bottom of the sea and covered by the layers of soil. After a million years, absence of air, high temperature and pressure transformed these dead organisms into petroleum and natural gas.

Q 9. The following Table shows the total power shortage in India from 1991–1997. Show the data in the form of a graph. Plot shortage percentage for the years on the Y-axis and the year on the X-axis.


S.No.YearShortage(%)
119917.9
219927.8
319938.3
419947.4
519957.1
619969.2
7199711.5


Answer:

X-axis = 1 unit = 1 year

Y-axis = 1 unit = 2% shortage

Don’t forget to study the story of coal, as it's a very interesting part of NCERT Solutions Class 8 Science chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum. You must be thinking about why it is important to know about these resources, and the answer is, a massive increase in the use of nonrenewable resources due to the increased population.

Now, the point of the issue is that due to high demand and an increase in the population, nonrenewable resources are in danger as they can be exhausted. So, how to decrease their usage as well as how to maintain their quantity is mentioned in Class 8 Science Chapter 3, Coal and Petroleum. You will get all the answers to the NCERT solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3, Coal and Petroleum here.

Another important topic which you will study in Chapter 3, Coal and Petroleum, is Natural gas; it is a very important fossil fuel because it can be easily transferred through pipes. Natural gas is stored under high pressure as compressed natural gas (CNG). It is now being used as a fuel for transport vehicles because it is less polluting.

After going through it properly, it will be easy for you to answer why coal and petroleum are called non-renewable natural resources. What are the advantages of natural gas?

So, try to attempt the NCERT questions. In case if you have any queries, refer to the NCERT solutions for Class 8 Science chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum, it will help you to score more marks in the exam.

Practice questions for Class 8 Science Coal and Petroleum

Question 1: What is Coal? Also, explain the formation of Coal.

Answer 1: Coal is a sedimentary rock of black or brownish black colour. Coal is formed from the remains of plants and animals that were buried under a layer of soil, under very high temperature and pressure conditions over millions of years.

Question 2: What is Petroleum, and how is it formed?

Answer 2: Petroleum is a liquid composed of Hydrocarbons; it is a dark and viscous liquid. Petroleum is formed from the remains of tiny marine organisms buried under a layer of sediments and subject to high temperature and pressure conditions.

Question 3: What is the refining of petroleum?

Answer 3: Refining is the process of separation of different components of crude oil, which leads to the formation of petrol, diesel, kerosene, etc. This is done through the process of fractional distillation.

Question 4: What is Natural Gas, and its main components?

Answer 4: Natural gas is a fossil fuel consisting mainly of methane. It is a clean fuel as compared to coal and petroleum, and is mainly used in cooking, power generation, and heating.

Question 5: Explain Carbonisation?

Answer 5: Carbonisation is the process of conversion of dead plants into coal under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions over millions of years.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science- Chapter-Wise

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Chapter 2 Microorganisms: Friend and Foe
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Chapter 4 Combustion and Flame
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Chapter 5 Conservation of Plants and Animals
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Chapter 6 Reproduction in Animals
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Chapter 7 Reaching the age of Adolescence
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Chapter 8 Force and Pressure
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Chapter 9 Friction
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Chapter 10 Sound
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Chapter 11 Chemical Effects of Electric Current
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Chapter 12 Some Natural Phenomena
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Chapter 13 Light

Class 8 Science Chapter 3 NCERT Solutions: Important Formulas and Points

Energy

  • Energy can be derived from natural resources and transferred as heat or work.
  • There are different types of energy, including mechanical, chemical, thermal, nuclear, solar, wind, sound, and electrical energy.
  • Energy follows laws of conservation of Energy means it converts from one form to another form.

Natural Resources

Natural resources are those resources that are provided by the Earth and they are categorized into two types:

  • Inexhaustible or renewable natural resources
  • Exhaustible or non-renewable natural resources

Fossil Fuels

Fossil fuels like coal and natural gas are non-renewable resources formed from the decomposition of organic matter.

Energy Stored in Fossil Fuels

Fossil fuels store derived energy from the decayed remains of animals and plants that existed over millions of years.

Energy Utilization from Fossil Fuels

  • Approximately 40% of the energy generated from fossil fuels is used by industries.
  • The transportation sector consumes around 24% of this energy.
  • About 6% of fossil fuel energy is utilised by farms.
  • Approximately 30% of the energy is used for domestic and other purposes.

Coal Formation

Coal is a black-coloured fossil fuel extracted from the ground and used for various purposes. The formation of coal begins with peat.

  • Peat is a dark, fibrous fuel made up of partly decomposed plant matter.
  • It represents the initial stage in the formation of coal.

Formation of Coal

Coal forms when dead vegetation transforms high pressure and temperature. This process is known as carbonization.

Coal And Petroleum Class 8 Science Chapter 3-Topics

Topics for class 8 science chapter 3 question answer are given below:

  • Inexhaustible Natural Resources
  • Exhaustible Natural Resources
  • Coal
  • Story of Coal
  • Coke
  • Fossil fuel
  • Coal Tar
  • Coal Gas
  • Petroleum
  • Refining of Petroleum
  • Natural Gas
  • Some Natural Resources are Limited

Benefits of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Coal and Petroleum-

  • By referring NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 3, students can easily complete their homework
  • These solutions also help to clarify the concepts used to solve problems.
  • These solutions help students to gain in-depth knowledge of the concepts.
  • Students can score well in exams by applying the structured approach given here to solve questions.
  • Solutions provided here align with NCERT exam pattern.

Key Features of Class 8 Science Chapter 3 NCERT Solutions

1) Comprehensive coverage of concepts

  • A detailed answer to all the questions is provided here.
  • An explanation of every question is provided in a detailed manner.

2) Helps in the clarity of Concepts

  • NCERT Solutions are explained in such a way that not only provide detailed solutions to the questions but also help in the clarity of the concept.
  • Important formulas and definitions are also provided to form a basic understanding of the concept.

3) Simple Language

  • Solutions are explained in a very clear and concise way.
  • Language conciseness and clarity help to understand the concept very easily.

4) Useful for exam preparation

  • Most of the questions in exams are asked directly from the NCERT textbook.
  • These solutions help students to score well in final exams.

NCERT Solutions For Class 8: Subject-Wise

Also Check NCERT Books and NCERT Syllabus here:

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Are coal and petroleum renewable resources?

Coal and petroleum are non-renewable resources of energy because there is a finite supply of these resources. They take millions of years to form, and we are using them at a much faster rate than they can be replenished. 


2. What is petroleum refining?

Petroleum refining: It is the process of separating crude oil into its different components, based on their boiling points. This is done by a process called fractional distillation. Each fraction can be further processed to produce various products.


3. What are coal and petroleum?

Coal and petroleum both are fossil fuels; they are also known as crude oil. They are naturally formed from the remains of ancient organisms that lived millions of years ago. They are both primarily composed of compounds of hydrogen and carbon.


4. What are the main uses of coal?

Coal's primary uses include:

  • Electricity Generation: Burning coal is used in power plants to produce steam, which drives turbines connected to generators.
  • Industrial Processes: Coal is used in the production of cement, steel, and other industrial materials.
  • Heating: Coal is also used for residential and industrial heating in some regions.


5. What are the environmental impacts of extracting and using petroleum?

Extracting and using petroleum also have significant environmental impacts:

  • Air Pollution: When we burn petroleum-based fuels, it releases air pollutants like NOx, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate matter, contributing to smog and respiratory problems.
  • Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Burning of petroleum-based fuels releases CO, CO2, contributing to climate change.
  • Oil Spills: Oil spills from pipelines and tankers can damage marine ecosystems.

Water Pollution: Oil extraction and refining processes can also pollute water sources.

 

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