Aakash Repeater Courses
Take Aakash iACST and get instant scholarship on coaching programs.
UP Board Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2026 – Download PDF, Marks & Exam Pattern
The Uttar Pradesh Madhyamik Shiksha Parishad has released the UP Board Class 12 Biology syllabus 2026. Students who wish to appear for the UP Board 12th examination must thoroughly review all units and chapters to prepare effectively for the exam. Reproduction, Genetics and Evolution, Biology and Human Welfare, Biotechnology and its applications, and Ecology & Environment are the main units included in the UP Board syllabus 2025-26 for the Class 12 Biology subject. Students can access and download the UP Board 12th syllabus 2025-26 for Biology by visiting the official website at upmsp.edu.in. The Uttar Pradesh board prescribed 70 marks for the theory exam and 30 marks for practicals. Read the article to learn more about the UP Board Class 12 Biology syllabus 2025-26.
Download the Latest UP Board 12th Syllabus 2025-26 PDF for Biology
This Story also Contains
- UP Board Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2025-26 - Unit-Wise Marks Distribution
- Detailed UP Board 12th Class 2025-26 Biology Syllabus - Unit & Chapter-Wise
- UP Board Class 12 Biology Practical Syllabus 2025-26
Check out the link below to download the Biology syllabus PDF for UP Board 12th Class.
Highlights of UPMSP 12th Biology Syllabus 2025-26
Particulars | Details |
Syllabus name | UP Board Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2025-26 |
Prescribed by | Uttar Pradesh Madhyamik Shiksha Parishad (UPMSP) |
Academic year | 2025-26 |
Number of units | 5 units |
Marks distribution | Total marks - 100
|
Official website | upmsp.edu.in |
UP Board Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2025-26 - Unit-Wise Marks Distribution
Unit | Unit Name | Marks |
1 | Reproduction | 14 |
2 | Genetics and Evolution | 18 |
3 | Biology and Human Welfare | 14 |
4 | Biotechnology and Its Applications | 10 |
5 | Ecology and Environment | 14 |
Total | 70 marks | |
Practicals | 30 marks | |
Grand Total | 100 marks | |
Detailed UP Board 12th Class 2025-26 Biology Syllabus - Unit & Chapter-Wise
Students can check out the UP Board syllabus 2025-26 for the Class 12 Biology subject in the sections below. We have provided the detailed UP Board 12th Biology syllabus for students, including all important topics, units, and chapters. The unit-wise syllabus will help students prepare well for the 12th-class board exam. Check out the sections below to learn more about the detailed syllabus.
Unit: 1 - Reproduction
Sexual reproduction in flowering plants - structure of the flower, development of the male and female gametophyte. Pollination - types, reagents and examples, Outbreeding devices, Pollen pistil crosslinking, double fertilisation. Post-fertilisation events - development of endosperm and embryo, Seed development and fruit formation. Special Methods - Apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony, importance of seed dispersal and fruit formation.
Human reproduction - Male and female reproductive systems, microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary, gametogenesis-spermatogenesis and oogenesis, menstrual cycle, fertilisation, embryonic development (up to blastocyst formation), implantation, pregnancy and placenta formation (general knowledge), parturition and lactation (general introduction).
Reproductive health - reproductive health needs and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Family planning - needs and methods, contraception and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP), amniocentesis, infertility and assisted reproductive technologies - IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (basic knowledge of general awareness).
Unit: 2 - Genetics and Evolution
Inheritance and Variation - Mendelian inheritance, deviations from mendelian ratios - incomplete dominance, codominance, qualitative alleles and inheritance of blood groups, pleiotrophy, elementary knowledge of polygenic inheritance, chromosome theory of inheritance, chromosomes and genes, sex determination in humans, birds, bees, linkage, and gene exchange, sex-linked inheritance-haemophilia, colour blindness, zonal disorders in humans, thalassemia, chromosomal disorders in humans, down syndrome, turner and kleinfelter syndromes.
Molecular basis of Inheritance - Discovery of genetic material and DNA as a genetic material, structure of DNA and RNA, DNA packaging, DNA replication, central dogma, transcription, genetic code, transformation, gene expression and regulation, lac operon, genome and human genome project, DNA fingerprinting.
Evolution - origin of life, organic evolution and evidence of evolution - palaeozoics, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence, Darwin’s contribution, modern synthetic theory, mechanism of evolution - variation (mutation and recombination) and natural selection, types of natural selection, gene flow and genetic drift, Hardy-Weinberg principle, adaptive radiation, human evolution.
Unit: 3 - Biology and Human Welfare
Human Health and Disease - Pathogens, parasites causing diseases in humans (malaria, dengue, chikungunya, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, cold, pneumonia, amoebiasis, ringworm) and their prevention. Immunity, Basic concepts of science - Vaccines, cancer, HIV, and AIDS, puberty-drug and alcohol abuse,
Microorganisms in human welfare - in domestic food products, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy production, as biocontrol agents and biofertilisers.
50+ Entrance Exams for 10+2 Students Must Not Miss
Download this ebook to learn about 50+ entrance exams for 12th students to get admission to the best colleges for undergraduates.
Download NowUnit: 4 - Biotechnology and its Applications
Biotechnology - principles and processes - genetic engineering (recombinant DNA technology)
Biotechnology and its applications - application of biotechnology in health and agriculture, human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy, genetically modified crops, transgenic organisms, biosafety problems, biopiracy and patents.
Unit: 5 - Ecology and Environment
Organisms and Composites - composite, composite interactions - cooperation, competition, predation, parasitism, composite multiplication, birth and mortality, age distribution.
Ecosystem - structure, components, productivity and decomposition, energy flow, ecological pyramids-population of organisms, pyramids of mass and energy.
Biodiversity and conservation - concept of biodiversity, patterns of biodiversity, importance of biodiversity, loss and conservation of biodiversity - hot spots, threatened species, extinction, red data book, biosphere reserves, national parks, sanctuaries.
UP Board Class 12 Biology Practical Syllabus 2025-26
Check out the syllabus of the Uttar Pradesh board 12th Class Biology practical subject. The list of experiments, study/observation spotting, and practical syllabus topics is given below.
(A) List of Experiments
To study plant population density by the quadrat method.
To study plant population frequency by the quadrat method.
Study of pollen germination.
To study the mitosis of onion root tips.
Isolation of DNA from available plant materials like spinach, green peas, papaya, etc.
(B) Study/Observation of the following (Spotting)
To study pollen germination on the stigma.
Practice controlled pollination, sterilisation, tagging, and bagging.
To study the adaptations found in flowers for pollination by different agents (wind, insects, birds).
Study of different stages of gamete development in a cross-section of the testis and ovary of any mammal.
To study meiosis in onion bud cells or grasshopper testis.
Studying the cross-section of a mammalian blastula.
Studying zonal inheritance with the help of seeds of different colours and sizes of a plant.
To study the genetic characteristics (like round tongue, blood group, window peak, colour blindness, etc.) with the help of prepared pedigree charts.
Identification of common disease-causing organisms, such as Ascaris, Entamoeba, Plasmodium, and ringworm. Note down the symptoms of diseases caused by them.
Association in the root module of 10 Lignum florus plants demonstrated by model specimens.
Demonstration of examples of homologous and similar organs using a flash card model.
Note: Students will be evaluated jointly by internal and external examiners. It will be mandatory for the candidates to submit the practice book and project work at the time of the council practical examination.
Recommended eBooks
Related eBooks & Sample Papers
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: How many units are included in the UP Board 12th Syllabus for the biology subject?
A:
The UPMSP Class 12 Biology syllabus 2025-26 consists of 5 units.
Reproduction
Genetics and Evolution
Biology and Human Welfare
Biotechnology and Its Applications
Ecology and Environment
Q: What is the marks distribution for the UP Board Class 12 Biology examination?
A:
The Uttar Pradesh board prescribes 100 marks for the Class 12 biology syllabus, where 70 marks are allotted for the theory exam and 30 marks for the practical exam.
Q: Where can I download the UP Board 12th Class Biology Syllabus 2025-26?
A:
Students can access and download the UP Board Class 12 biology 2025-26 syllabus from the official website at upmsp.edu.in. They can also check out this article to learn more about the detailed syllabus.
Articles
Related Stories
|
Upcoming School Exams
Certifications By Top Providers
Explore Top Universities Across Globe
University of Essex, Colchester
Wivenhoe Park Colchester CO4 3SQUniversity College London, London
Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BTThe University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
Old College, South Bridge, Edinburgh, Post Code EH8 9YLUniversity of Delaware, Newark
Newark, DE 19716University of Nottingham, Nottingham
University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RDBristol Baptist College, Bristol
The Promenade, Clifton Down, Bristol BS8 3NJQuestions related to UP Board 12th
On Question asked by student community
Have a question related to UP Board 12th ?
The Uttar Pradesh Madhyamik Shiksha Parishad (UPMSP) has released the syllabus for Class 12 Hindi for the academic year 2025-26.
Here is the link
download UP BOARD CLASS 12TH SYLLABUS
good luck!!
If you have already given the improvement exam and want to use the marksheet in UPTAC counselling when physical reporting, you can just mention the name of the school/college mentioned on the marksheet and the passing year printed on it, which is the latest passing year, i.e., 2025.
Also, check out the UTPAC Seat Allotment 2025
It is not possible to predict exactly what questions will be asked in the UP Board Class 12 Hindi exam 2026. However, you can get a good idea of the UP 10th exam pattern and important topics by carefully studying the official UPMSP 10th syllabus and practising with the latest UPMSP Class 10 model papers . Focus on grammar, writing skills, and important chapters from the textbook, as these areas are significant. A thorough preparation of important topics along with model paper practice will give you confidence for the exam.
Hello
Yes, you can take pcmb.the UP Board does allow students to choose all four science subjects:
Physics
Chemistry
Mathematics
Biology
This combination is commonly called PCMB, and it's available in many government and private intermediate colleges affiliated with UP Board.
PhysicsCommon for NEET and JEE
ChemistryCommon for NEET and JEE
BiologyRequired for NEET
MathematicsRequired for JEE
Hindi/EnglishLanguage requirement (compulsory)
So by taking pcmb you are eligible for both neet and jee
Note:PCMB is demanding — you'll be covering two major streams (Medical + Engineering), so manage your time and focus well.
Some rural or small schools may not offer both Math and Biology due to limited teachers — confirm availability before admission.
Private schools affiliated to UP Board usually offer more flexibility in subject selection.
Choose a school that has proper faculty for both Maths and Biology.
The UP Board 12th exam 2026 will be held from February to March 2026. As per previous data, the students can choose to appear for the exam in any medium, depending on what they have chosen at their school. Those who have enrolled in the English medium will receive the English medium question paper, while Hindi medium students will have their paper in Hindi.
Check out UP Board 12th model papers . It will help you with the UP Board 12th exam preparation.
Study Resources, Applications and Opportunities
Aakash Repeater Courses
ApplyTake Aakash iACST and get instant scholarship on coaching programs.
NEET Most scoring concepts
Get nowThis ebook serves as a valuable study guide for NEET 2025 exam.
NEET Previous 10 Year Questions
Get nowThis e-book offers NEET PYQ and serves as an indispensable NEET study material.
JEE Main Important Physics formulas
Get nowAs per latest syllabus. Physics formulas, equations, & laws of class 11 & 12th chapters
JEE Main Important Chemistry formulas
Get nowAs per latest syllabus. Chemistry formulas, equations, & laws of class 11 & 12th chapters
JEE Main high scoring chapters and topics
Get nowAs per latest 2024 syllabus. Study 40% syllabus and score upto 100% marks in JEE
UP Board 12th Notifications
Never miss an UP Board 12th update
Get timely UP Board 12th updates directly to your inbox. Stay informed!