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CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26 Download Free PDF | Macroeconomics & Indian Economy

CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26 Download Free PDF | Macroeconomics & Indian Economy

Edited By Mangane Priyanka | Updated on Aug 21, 2025 04:43 PM IST | #CBSE Class 10th

CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26 - The Central Board of Secondary Education released the latest CBSE syllabus of Economics Class 12. The CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26 is available on cbseacademic.nic.in. The CBSE board has divided the entire syllabus into two parts: Part A (Introductory Macroeconomics) and Part B (Indian Economic Development). All the topics of the economics syllabus class 12 CBSE are important for exams.
Download: CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26 PDF

This Story also Contains
  1. CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26
  2. How to Download CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26?
  3. CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26
  4. CBSE Class 12 Preparation Tips
CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26 Download Free PDF | Macroeconomics & Indian Economy
CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus

Students should refer to the Economics class 12 CBSE syllabus to prepare for the CBSE 12th exams. Topic-wise weightage of marks is also mentioned in the Economics syllabus of class 12 CBSE. Students can find an overview and detailed CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus in this article, along with a download link to the CBSE Economics syllabus 12th Class. Read further to know in detail the complete CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26.

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CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26

The board released the detailed syllabus of the CBSE 12th syllabus 2025-26. Students should check each topic and understand the concepts better to score good marks in the final exams.

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How to Download CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26?

Students can download the economics syllabus for class 12 for the CBSE board exam to prepare better. Go through the steps given below to download the Class 12 CBSE Economics syllabus 2025-26:

  • Step 1: Visit the official website at cbseacademic.nic.in.

  • Step 2: Click on the “Academic Website” on the homepage.

  • Step 3: Click on the “Curriculum” from the list of options mentioned in the menu bar.

  • Step 4: Select the “Curriculum 2025-26” from the dropdown menu.

  • Step 5: Click on the “Senior Secondary Curriculum” link for the Class 12 syllabus.

  • Step 6: Select the “Academic Subjects” link to download the Economics syllabus PDF.

  • Step 7: Download the CBSE 12th Economics syllabus for 2025-26 for future reference.

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CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26

Students can check the prescribed Economics syllabus of class 12 CBSE in the image given below. The CBSE 12th Economics syllabus is divided into 2 parts. Part A consists of Macroeconomics, and Part B consists of Indian Economic Development. Students must note that the theory paper will have a weightage of 80 marks, while 20 marks are reserved for the project work. To understand better, students should thoroughly understand the syllabus of the Economics class 12 CBSE 2025-26. Check the image given below to get an overview of the CBSE class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26.

Overview of CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26

1755770377142

Detailed CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26

The entire CBSE Economics class 12 syllabus is designed to be covered in approximately 200 periods. The written exam will carry a weightage of 80 marks, and 20 marks are allotted for the project work. Check the chapter-wise detailed CBSE Economics class 12 syllabus in the following tables:

Part A - Introductory Macroeconomics Syllabus

Macroeconomics Syllabus)

Unit-name

Chapters and Topics

Unit 1: National Income and Related Aggregates

  • What is Macroeconomics?
  • Basic concepts in macroeconomics: consumption goods, capital goods, final goods, intermediate goods; stocks and flows; gross investment and depreciation.
  • Circular flow of income (two-sector model); Methods of calculating
  • National Income - Value Added or Product method, Expenditure method, Income method.
  • Aggregates related to National Income: Gross National Product (GNP), Net National Product (NNP), Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Net Domestic Product (NDP) - at market price, at factor cost; Real and Nominal GDP.
    GDP Deflator, GDP, and Welfare

Unit 2: Money and Banking

  • Money – meaning and functions, supply of money - Currency held by the public and net demand deposits held by commercial banks.
  • Money creation by the commercial banking system.
  • Central bank and its functions (example of the Reserve Bank of India): Bank of issue, Govt. Bank, Banker's Bank, Control of Credit through Bank Rate, CRR, SLR, Repo Rate and Reverse Repo Rate, Open Market Operations, Margin requirement.

Unit 3: Determination of Income and Employment

  • Aggregate demand and its components.
  • Propensity to consume and propensity to save (average and marginal).
  • Short-run equilibrium output, investment multiplier and its mechanism.
  • Meaning of full employment and involuntary unemployment.
  • Problems of excess demand and deficient demand; measures to correct them - changes in government spending, taxes, and money supply.

Unit 4: Government Budget and the Economy

  • Government budget - meaning, objectives and components.
  • Classification of receipts - revenue receipts and capital receipts;
  • Classification of expenditure – revenue expenditure and capital expenditure.
  • Balanced, Surplus and Deficit Budget – measures of government deficit.

Unit 5: Balance of Payments

  • Balance of payments account - meaning and components;
  • Balance of payments – Surplus and Deficit,
  • Foreign exchange rate - meaning of fixed and flexible rates and managed floating rates.
  • Determination of exchange rate in a free market, Merits and demerits of flexible and fixed exchange rates.
  • Managed a floating exchange rate system

Part B: Indian Economic Development

Unit name

Chapters and Topics

Unit 6 - Development Experience (1947-90) and Economic Reforms since 1991

  • A brief introduction to the state of the Indian economy on the eve of independence. The Indian economic system and the common goals of the Year Plans.
  • Main features, problems, and policies of agriculture (institutional aspects and new agricultural strategy), industry (IPR 1956; SSI – role & importance), and foreign trade.
  • Economic Reforms since 1991: Features and appraisals of liberalisation, globalisation and privatisation (LPG policy); Concepts of demonetization and GST

Unit 7 - Current challenges facing the Indian Economy

  • Human Capital Formation: How people become resources; Role of human capital in economic development; Growth of Education Sector in India.
  • Rural development: Key issues - credit and marketing - the role of cooperatives; agricultural diversification; alternative farming - organic farming.
  • Employment: Growth and changes in workforce participation rate in formal and informal sectors; problems and policies.
  • Sustainable Economic Development: Meaning, Effects of Economic Development on Resources and Environment, including global warming.

Unit 8: Development Experience in India

  • A comparison with neighbours India and Pakistan, and India and China.
  • Issues: economic growth, population, sectoral development and other Human Development Indicators.

Prescribed Books for CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26

Below are some of the best books for the 12th economics syllabus for the CBSE exam. Check them out.

  • Statistics for Economics, NCERT

  • Indian Economic Development, NCERT

  • Introductory Microeconomics, NCERT

  • Macroeconomics, NCERT

  • Supplementary Reading Material in Economics, CBSE

CBSE Class 12 Economics Project Topics

1755770840723

CBSE Class 12 Preparation Tips

  • First of all, make a proper timetable to study, which includes all the subjects. Also, include some time for interests and hobbies to keep the mind fresh.

  • Go through the CBSE 12th date sheet and try to cover the entire 12th CBSE Economics syllabus two months before the exams. In such a way, students will have enough time to revise the CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26.

  • Grasp all the concepts from the NCERT books or prescribed books in the beginning, then move on to other reference books for economics.

  • Clear all the doubts from teachers or friends and make notes on important topics of the CBSE class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26.

  • These notes will help to revise the entire CBSE 12th Economics syllabus in a short time.

  • Solve CBSE class 12 question papers of previous years to get acquainted with the typology of questions that are asked in the exam.

  • Analyse the preparation level by evaluating the performance in solving the question papers and improving mistakes by identifying them.

  • Following this CBSE class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26 and preparation tips will aid students to improve their CBSE 12th result.

Related Links:

CBSE 12th English Syllabus 2025-26CBSE 12th Physical Education Syllabus 2025-26
CBSE 12th Physics Syllabus 2025-26CBSE 12th Chemistry Syllabus 2025-26
CBSE 12th Maths Syllabus 2025-26

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. How is the CBSE 12th Economics question paper prepared?

Class 12 Economics question paper is prepared by the board as per the prescribed CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26.

2. Is it mandatory to make a project for CBSE 12th Economics?

Yes, it is essential to submit project work else students do not qualify in project work assessment.

3. How much time is required to cover the entire economics syllabus?

A total of 200 periods are required to cover the CBSE 12th economics syllabus.

4. In how many parts is the syllabus divided?

CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26 is divided into the following two parts:

  • Part A - Introductory Macroeconomics Syllabus
  • Part B - Indian Economic Development Syllabus

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when a student pass class 10th CBSE in the age of 13 the degree of 10th is valid or not

Hello, according to CBSE and most Indian education boards, the typical age for appearing in the Class 10 exam is around 15-16 years. However, there are some exceptional cases where academically advanced students complete their studies early. If you have officially cleared Class 10 from CBSE, received a valid marksheet, and your school and board have accepted your age proof during registration, your certificate is considered valid. Problems only arise if your admission to Class 10 violated the board’s eligibility rules (for example, skipping multiple classes without approval). In such rare cases, the board might question the validity. But if CBSE has issued you the certificate after proper procedures, it is legally recognized for further studies, competitive exams, and jobs. If you are worried about age restrictions for certain exams (like 17 years minimum for NEET), you might need to wait until you meet the required age.

Thank you, and best of luck for your studies.



Read Complete Answer
Nikita shahi 13 August,2025
75percentege aatenace 10th to allow

Hello,

Yes, you are right. To get eligible for the 10th board examination, you need a minimum of 75% attendance. This is a rule that applies to the CBSE, or Central Board of Secondary Education, recognized schools. There are exceptions to this rule in the scenario, like

  • Medical Emergencies
  • Personal Tragedies
  • Official Sports Participation

I hope it will clear your query!!

Read Complete Answer
Rahul Mandal 12 August,2025
What are the documents required to take admission in 11th standard at your college from cbse to maharashtra state board

hello,

These are the documents to take admission in 11th standard at your college from cbse to Maharashtra State Board.

  • Class X Marksheet
  • School Leaving Certificate
  • Date of Birth Certificate
  • Passport-Sized Photograph
  • Migrant Certificate
  • Aadhar Card or Government ID

I hope it resolves your query!!

Read Complete Answer
Rahul Mandal 29 July,2025
What are the documents required to take admission in 11th standard at your college from cbse to maharashtra state board

To transfer from a CBSE school to a Maharashtra state board junior college for 11th standard, you'll need to provide several documents.

These typically include: your Class 10th mark sheet (original and attested copies), School Leaving Certificate/Transfer Certificate (TC) from your previous school, and a migration certificate if you're changing from a different board.

You'll also need a birth certificate, passport-sized photographs, and potentially an eligibility certificate from the Maharashtra State Board

The specific documents required may vary depending on the college and region. Verify the exact requirements with the college's admission office or official website.

Read Complete Answer
sadafreen356 29 July,2025
What are the documents required to take admission in 11th standard at your college from cbse to maharashtra state board

Hello Aditya,

The documents required to take admission in 11th standard from CBSE to Maharashtra State Board are:

  1. 10th Marksheet (CBSE Board)

  2. School Leaving Certificate (from previous school)

  3. Migration Certificate (CBSE Board)

  4. Aadhaar Card (student’s ID proof)

  5. Passport size photographs

  6. Caste Certificate (if applicable)

  7. Domicile Certificate (if required by the college)

Some colleges may ask for additional documents. It’s best to check with the specific college for exact requirements.

Hope it helps !

Read Complete Answer
Prachi Kumari 02 August,2025
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