Robotics refers to the culmination of science, engineering, and technology to create automated machines known as robots. These machines are used for multiple purposes in various fields such as manufacturing industries, healthcare, construction, transportation, military and many more. Robots can perform tasks that are difficult for humans such as working in hazardous environments of chemical manufacturing or space exploration.
To perform a task, Robots need intelligence to understand, process and then perform a task. Here the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) comes into play. Artificial Intelligence gives the robots self thinking capabilities so as to perform the tasks with minimal human intervention.
In this article we discuss in detail some of the important applications of Robots and their impact on humans from the employment perspective.
In today's modern world, there are various industries which rely heavily on robots. In some of the industries, humans cannot work as the conditions are not conducive for living beings Some of the important uses of robotics are :
Industry
Ever since the industrial revolution started, the need for robotics and automation became crucial. Robotic arms in an industry are able to perform multiple tasks such as welding, cutting, lifting, sorting and bending etc. Hence Robots are able to help the industries save a lot of resources and expedite the production process. Robots also help in hazardous industries like chemical and gas where human beings are known to be affected with health hazards.
With the evolution of the technology, there has been an increase in the performance of Robots using AI. Hence robots play an important role in the overall development of the industrial sector.
Space Exploration
The atmospheric conditions of space are very dangerous for astronauts hence there are various tasks which they cannot undertake, such as collection of soil and rock samples from planets. These tasks are performed by Robots. Space organisations like ISRO, NASA frequently use robots and aeronautical vehicles for exploration and other purposes. Research and Development in space exploration requires physical presence and direct collection of samples is required but the direct reach of humans is nearly impossible. Hence robots are required for such purposes.
Military for Security Purposes
Protection of borders requires huge manpower. There are some terrains where environmental conditions are not humane. Extreme weather conditions make it difficult to guard these borders.
Hence robots are being proposed as security agents. These can be deployed at places in tough terrains and where extreme environmental conditions persist.
Agriculture
Human civilisation has been consistently dependent on the agriculture sector. There are many repetitive tasks in agriculture that require manpower but do not require any skill. Such tasks can be performed well by robots. Tasks like seeding, weed control, harvesting, and other related aspects can be assigned to robots which allow farmers to be more efficient. Along with harvesting, robots are also deployed to remove weeds in farms. If proper training and Robots are provided to the farmers at a large scale, it can do wonders for them. Excess manpower working redundant jobs can be deployed to do meaningful work which requires skill and intelligence mechanical tasks for Robots.
Health Care
Healthcare sector is witnessing the use of Robots increasingly at a rapid pace. Penetration of Robots in healthcare have changed a lot. Robots are used to help the doctors in performing operations more precisely, be used as prosthetic limbs, provide therapy to patients and perform other tasks in the treatment process. Robots and AI are the future of the healthcare sector. These technologies will make healthcare more accessible and to ensure last mile connectivity.
Whenever there is a discussion about the Robots and their use, the question of Jobs always arises. Hence it is important to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Robots.
With the advancement in robots, more and more companies are relying on Robots. For example Food delivery via drones, driverless cars are examples of Robotics and AI. Such examples give an impression that the incorporation of Robots in the businesses are responsible for reduction in jobs. However there are other aspects as well which we need to consider.
It must be noted that robots still can’t do everything. Robots can be deployed to perform some of our jobs, sometimes better than us, but human expertise is always needed for supervision. Specialised work always needs human experience, and that is true even in the case of labour tasks. So while the need for labour has gone down in quantity, there is still a need for quality. Hence there will always be a demand for human expertise and Robots can not completely replace the human workforce.
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