Maharashtra 12th HSC Biology Question Paper with Solution: Download PDF

Preparing for the Maharashtra Board Class 12 Biology exam can be a challenging task, but with the right resources, it becomes much more manageable. One of the most effective ways to ensure thorough preparation is by practising the previous year's question papers of class 12 Maharashtra board exam. This compilation of the last three years' previous year's questions with detailed solutions provides an invaluable resource for students. It allows them to familiarize themselves with the exam pattern, understand the types of questions asked, and develop effective strategies for answering them.

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This Story also Contains

1. Maharashtra State Board 12th Biology Previous Year Question Papers Trends
2. Maharashtra Class 12 Chemistry Question Paper with Complete Solution
3. Benefits of Practicing the Maharashtra 12th Board Biology Question Papers

In addition to understanding the exam pattern, solving these question papers helps students identify important topics and recurring questions, enabling them to focus their revision on the most significant areas. This practice not only enhances their problem-solving skills but also boosts their confidence as they become more adept at handling various question types. With comprehensive solutions provided, students can learn the correct approach to answering questions, ensuring they are well-prepared to achieve their best possible results in the Biology exam.

Maharashtra State Board 12th Biology Previous Year Question Papers Trends

Analysis of the Maharashtra State Board class 12 Biology previous year question papers brings out certain significant trends that can guide students in their preparation. Hopefully, during the last few years, the question papers have maintained a balanced mix of theoretical problems and numerical problems, pointing toward the comprehensiveness of the prescribed syllabus. Some key trends that were spotted are as follows:

• 2024 Paper Trends: The recent year paper comprised a balanced mixture of all topics, though Genetics, Ecology, and Human Physiology formed the core. The changing trend towards application-based learning in this modern methodology of teaching and learning biology has compelled the need to include some practical-based and experiment-based questions. It is indeed a sea change by the Maharashtra board toward practical skills and understanding.

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• 2023 Paper Trends: The questions asked in the 2023 paper were slightly different but still maintained a heavy focus on Cell Biology and Biotechnology. More emphasis was placed on areas such as cell signalling, apoptosis, genetic engineering, and applications of biotechnology. This trend may be a result of efforts to align the content of the examinations with entrance exams for fields such as medical and biotechnology studies. Understanding these fundamentals is crucial for students pursuing higher studies in these fields.

• 2022 Paper Trends: The paper, in 2022, maintains a strong focus on the classical topics in biology, with a special focus placed on reproduction, developmental biology, and microbiology. Many questions were somewhat elaborate and applied in nature; some pertained to detailed embryogenesis, organogenesis, and applications of microorganisms. This emphasis underlines the role played by problems and analysis in understanding intricate biological phenomena.

Maharashtra Class 12 Chemistry Question Paper with Complete Solution

Question 1: Interpret the given diagrams A and B . Enlist the changes occurring during inspiration and expiration.

Solution: Diagrams A and B represent the human respiratory system during the processes of inspiration and expiration.

In diagram A, we observe the following changes typical of inspiration:

• The diaphragm contracts and moves downwards, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity.
• The intercostal muscles contract, raising the rib cage and further increasing the thoracic volume.
• As the volume of the thoracic cavity increases, the pressure inside decreases, leading to the inflow of air into the lungs.

In diagram B, which illustrates expiration, the opposite occurs:

• The diaphragm relaxes and moves upwards, decreasing the volume of the thoracic cavity.
• The intercostal muscles relax, causing the rib cage to lower, which further decreases the thoracic volume.
• As the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases, the pressure inside increases, and air is pushed out of the lungs.

These changes in volume and pressure in the thoracic cavity are critical for the process of breathing, as they enable the flow of air in and out of the lungs.

Question 2: What are chromosomal disorders? Describe Turner's syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome.

Solution: Chromosomal disorders are abnormalities in the structure or number of chromosomes in an individual's cells. These abnormalities can lead to a variety of genetic conditions, which can affect physical and mental development. Chromosomal disorders can be caused by deletions, duplications, inversions, or translocations of chromosome segments, or by having an extra or missing chromosome. These conditions can be inherited or occur spontaneously due to errors during cell division.

Turner's Syndrome:

Turner's syndrome, also known as monosomy X, is a chromosomal disorder that affects females. It occurs when one of the two X chromosomes is missing or partially missing. This results in a total of 45 chromosomes instead of the typical 46.

Characteristics:

• Short stature
• Webbed neck
• Broad chest with widely spaced nipples
• Lack of menstrual periods (amenorrhea)0
• Underdeveloped ovaries leading to infertility
• Heart defects
• Kidney problems

Turner's syndrome is typically diagnosed through karyotype analysis, which reveals the absence of the second X chromosome. Treatment often involves growth hormone therapy to increase height and estrogen replacement therapy to develop secondary sexual characteristics.

Klinefelter's Syndrome:

Klinefelter's syndrome is a chromosomal disorder that affects males. It occurs when a male has an extra X chromosome, resulting in a karyotype of 47,XXY instead of the typical 46,XY.

Characteristics:

• Tall stature
• Reduced muscle mass
• Reduced facial and body hair
• Enlarged breast tissue (gynecomastia)
• Small testes and infertility
• Learning difficultiesDelayed speech and language development

Klinefelter's syndrome is typically diagnosed through karyotype analysis, which reveals the presence of an extra X chromosome. Treatment often includes testosterone replacement therapy to develop secondary sexual characteristics and fertility treatment options if desired. Educational support and speech therapy can help manage learning difficulties and language development issues.

Question 3:

Identify A, B, and C from the above diagrams and give their functions.

SOLUTION: Diagrams A, B, and C represent three types of white blood cells (WBCs) with distinct functions:

• Diagram A (Neutrophils): Neutrophils have fine granules that stain with neutral dyes, make up about 70 % of total WBCs, and have a multi-lobed nucleus. They are able to move in an amoeboid manner and perform phagocytosis, playing a crucial role in destroying pathogens.
• Diagram B (Eosinophils): Eosinophils contain lysosomal granules that are stained to red color with acidic stains like eosin. Eosinophils are about 1-3 of total WBCs. The nucleus is bilobed. They destroy the antigen-antibody complex by phagocytosis. Their number increases in allergic conditions and they show antihistaminic properties. They are also responsible for detoxification as they produce antitoxins.
• Diagram C (Monocytes): Monocytes are the largest of all the WBCs. Its nucleus is large and bean or kidney-shaped. They form 35 % of WBCs. Monocytes are actively motile and give rise to macrophages. They are mainly phagocytic and destroy the bacteria and dead or damaged tissue by phagocytosis.

Question 4: Following are the diagrams of the entry of the pollen tube into the ovule. Identify the types A and B.

Solution:

i. A - Chalazogamy

ii. B - Mesogamy

Apart from these questions, you can download the complete last three-year question with solutions by clicking on the link below.

Download complete PDF here - Maharashtra HSC Biology Previous Year Question Paper with Solutions

Benefits of Practicing the Maharashtra 12th Board Biology Question Papers

• Understand the type of questions which will be asked in the Maharashtra 12th HSC Board Biology exam 2025.
• Enhance the speed and accuracy.
• Find out the most important and repeated questions.
• Improve the score for the Maharashtra HSC Biology exam 2024.
• Boost confidence by becoming familiar with the exam pattern and question types.
• Manage time effectively during the exam.
• Assess your strengths and weaknesses.

Conclusion:

Practising the Maharashtra 12th Board Biology question papers provides numerous benefits, including understanding the exam pattern, enhancing speed and accuracy, and identifying important and frequently asked questions. This preparation boosts confidence, helps in effective time management, and allows for a thorough assessment of strengths and weaknesses, ultimately leading to improved scores in the Biology exam. Good luck!