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Get UpdatesPSEB 12th Exams 2024 - The Punjab School Education Board (PSEB) conducts the PSEB 12th board exams in the state every year. The Punjab board conducted the intermediate exams from February 13 to March 30, 2024. Students pursuing full-time or private Class 12th in a school affiliated with PSEB can appear for Punjab Board 12th exams. The application forms are made available through respective schools. Every year, around 3 lakh students appear in the PSEB 12th exams. After successfully qualifying for the exams, students can pursue undergraduate courses as per their stream and interest.
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More About PSEB Class 12th Exams 2024:
| Full Exam Name | Punjab Board of Secondary Education 12th Examination |
| Short Exam Name | PSEB 12th |
| Conducting Body | Punjab School Education Board |
| Frequency of Conduct | Once a year |
| Exam Level | Intermediate |
| Languages | Arabic, German +9 More |
| Mode of Application | Offline |
| Mode of Exam | Offline |
| Exam Duration | 3 Hours |
Upcoming Dates and Events
05 Apr, 2024 - 27 Apr, 2024
Exam - Practical | Mode: Offline Ongoing
Past Dates and Events
30 Mar, 2024
Exam - Swagat Zindagi (for compartment only) | Mode: Offline
28 Mar, 2024
Exam - Environmental Studies (for compartment only) | Mode: Offline
27 Mar, 2024
Exam - NSQF subjects - Prachoon / Automobiles/ Healthcare/ Information Technology/ Personal Security/ Health & Wellness/ Travel & Tourism/ Physical Education and Sports/ Agriculture/ Apparel, made-ups and Home Furnishing/ Construction/ Plumbing/ Power | Mode: Offline
21 Mar, 2024
Exam - Business Studies- II | Mode: Offline
20 Mar, 2024
Exam - National Cadet Corps | Mode: Offline
19 Mar, 2024
Exam - Philosophy, Chemistry | Mode: Offline
18 Mar, 2024
Exam - Sanskrit, French, German | Mode: Offline
16 Mar, 2024
Exam - Defence Studies | Mode: Offline
15 Mar, 2024
Exam - Mathematics | Mode: Offline
14 Mar, 2024
Exam - Economics | Mode: Offline
13 Mar, 2024
Exam - Punjabi Elective, Hindi Elective, English Elective, Urdu | Mode: Offline
12 Mar, 2024
Exam - Music (Vocal) | Mode: Offline
11 Mar, 2024
Exam - Music Instrumental | Mode: Offline
07 Mar, 2024
Exam - Dance | Mode: Offline
06 Mar, 2024
Exam - History | Mode: Offline
05 Mar, 2024
Exam - Media studies, Biology | Mode: Offline
04 Mar, 2024
Exam - Physical Education & Sports | Mode: Offline
02 Mar, 2024
Exam - Music (Tabla), Fundamentals of E-Business | Mode: Offline
01 Mar, 2024
Exam - Computer Science | Mode: Offline
29 Feb, 2024
Exam - Accountancy-II | Mode: Offline
28 Feb, 2024
Exam - Psychology | Mode: Offline
27 Feb, 2024
Exam - General English | Mode: Offline
26 Feb, 2024
Exam - Computer Application | Mode: Offline
23 Feb, 2024
Exam - Geography | Mode: Offline
22 Feb, 2024
Exam - Political science, Physics | Mode: Offline
21 Feb, 2024
Exam - Agriculture | Mode: Offline
20 Feb, 2024
Exam - Gurmati music | Mode: Offline
19 Feb, 2024
Exam - History and appreciation of arts | Mode: Offline
17 Feb, 2024
Exam - Public Administration | Mode: Offline
16 Feb, 2024
Exam - Religion | Mode: Offline
15 Feb, 2024
Exam - General Punjabi and Punjab History & Culture | Mode: Offline
14 Feb, 2024
Exam - Sociology | Mode: Offline
13 Feb, 2024
Exam - Home Science | Mode: Offline
03 Feb, 2024
Admit Card | Mode: Offline
Punjab Board determines the eligibility criteria to apply for PSEB 12th exams 2024. Students should follow the given eligibility criteria before filling out the forms.
Mode of Application : Offline
Mode of Payment : Other
Financial statements of not for profit organizations |
|---|
| Meaning, basic concepts |
| Receipts and payments account: Features and preparation |
| Income and expenditure account: Features, preparation of income and expenditure account and balance sheet from the given receipt and payments account with additional information |
Accounting for partnership firms |
|---|
| Partnership: Features, partnership deed (meaning, contents and importance) |
| Provisions of the Indian Partnership Act 1932 in the absence of partnership deed |
| Final accounts of partnership: Fixed v/s fluctuating capital accounts, division of profit among partners (excluding guarantee and past adjustments). Preparation of profit and loss appropriation account |
| Goodwill: Meaning, nature, factors affecting, and methods of valuation-average profits, super profits, and capitalization |
Change in the profit sharing ratio |
|---|
| Change in profit sharing ratio among the existing partners-sacrificing ratio and gaining ratio |
| Accounting for revaluation of assets and reassessment of liabilities and treatment of reserves, and accumulated profits |
| Preparation of revaluation account and balance sheet |
Admission of a partner |
|---|
| Admission of a partner: Effect of admission of partner, change in profit sharing ratio, accounting treatment of goodwill (as per accounting standard 26) |
| Revaluation of assets and reassessment of liabilities, treatment of reserves, and accumulated profits, adjustment of capital accounts, and preparation of balance sheet |
Retirement and death of a partner |
|---|
| Effect of retirement/ death of a partner on change in profit sharing ratio, treatment of goodwill (as per AS 26), treatment of revaluation of assets and reassessment of liabilities, adjustment of accumulated profits and reserves |
| Adjustment of capitals accounts and preparation of balance sheet |
| Preparation of loan account of retiring partner |
| Calculation of deceased partner’s share of profit till the date of death |
Dissolution of partnership firms |
|---|
| Dissolution of partnership firm: Meaning dissolution of partnership and partnership firm, types of dissolution of firm, settlement of accounts: Preparation of realisation account |
| Settlement of accounts: Capital accounts of partners and cash/ bank account (excluding piecemeal distribution, sale to a company and insolvency of a partners) |
Accounting for share capital |
|---|
| Share and share capital: Meaning, nature, and types |
| Accounting for share capital: Issue and allotment of equity and preference shares, public subscription of shares-over subscription (pro rata adjustment of excess application money) and under subscription share |
| Issue of shares at par and at premium, calls in advance and calls in arrears (excluding interest), issue of shares for consideration other than cash |
| Accounting treatment of forfeiture and re-issue of forfeited shares |
Accounting for debentures |
|---|
| Debentures: Meaning, types of debentures, issue at par, premium, and at a discount |
| Issue of debentures for consideration other than cash, debenture issues as collateral security-concept, interest on debentures |
| Writing of discount/ loss on issue of debentures |
| Redemption of debentures: Methods, lump sum draw of lots |
| Creation of Debenture Redemption Reserve |
Analysis of financial statements |
|---|
| Financial statement of company: Statement of profit and loss and balance sheet in the prescribed form with major heading and subheading (as per schedule III to the companies act, 2013) |
| Financial statement analysis: Meaning, objectives, importance, and limitations |
| Tools for financial statements analysis: Comparative statements, common size statement |
| Accounting ratio: Meaning, objectives, types, and computation |
| Liquidity ratio: Current ratio, liquidity ratio |
| Solvency ratio: Debt to equity ratio, total assets to debt ratio, proprietary ratio, and interest coverage ratio |
| Activity ratio: Inventory turnover, trade receivables turnover ratio, trade payables turnover ratio, and working capital turnover ratio |
| Profitability ratio: Gross profit ratio, operating ratio, operating profit ratio, net profit ratio, and return on investment |
Cash flow statements |
|---|
| Cash flow statement: Meaning, objectives, and preparation (as per AS-3 revised) (indirect method only) |
| Adjustments related to depreciation and amortisation, profit or loss on sale of assets including investments, dividend (final and interim), and tax |
| Bank overdraft and cash credit to be treated as short term borrowings |
| Current investments to be taken as marketable securities unless otherwise specified |
Overview of computerized accounting system |
|---|
| Concepts and types of computerized accounting system (CAS) |
| Features of a computerized accounting system |
| Structure of a computerized accounting System |
Using computerized accounting system |
|---|
| Steps in installation of CAS, preparation of chart of accounts, codification, and hierarchy of account heads |
| Data entry, data validation and data verification |
| Adjustment entries, preparation of financial statements, closing entries, and opening entries |
| Security of CAS and security features generally available in CAS (students are expected to understand and practice the entire accounting process using an accounting package) |
| Tally ERP-9 (educational version) |
Accounting using DBMS |
|---|
| Concepts of DBMS |
| Objective in DBMS: Tables, queries, forms, reports |
| Creating data tables for accounting |
| Using queries, forms and reports for generating accounting information, applications of DBMS in generating accounting information such as shareholders records, sale reports, customers profile, suppliers profile payroll |
| Employees' profile and petty cash register |
Accounting application of electronic spreadsheet |
|---|
| Concept of an electronic spreadsheet (ES) |
| Features offered by electronic spreadsheet |
| Applications of electronic spreadsheet in generating accounting information, preparing depreciation schedule, loan repayment schedule, payroll accounting and other such applications |
Nature and significance of management |
|---|
| Management-concept, objectives, and importance |
| Management as science, art, and profession |
| Levels of Management |
| Management functions-planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling |
Principles of management |
|---|
| Principles of management-concept and significance |
| Fayol’s principles of management |
| Taylor’s scientific management-principles and techniques |
Business environment |
|---|
| Business environment-concept and importance |
| Dimensions of business environment-economic, social, technological, political, and legal |
| Demonetization-concept and features |
| Impact of government policy changes on business with special reference to liberalization, privatization, and globalization in India |
Planning |
|---|
| Concept, importance, and limitation |
| Planning process |
| Single use and standing plans |
| Objectives, strategy, policy, procedure, method, rules, budget, and programme |
Organization |
|---|
| Concept and Importance |
| Organising Process |
| Structure of organisation-functional and divisional concept |
| Formal and informal organisation-concept |
| Delegation: Concept, elements, and importance |
| Centralisation-concept and features |
| Decentralization: Concept, features, and importance |
Staffing |
|---|
| Concept and importance of staffing |
| Staffing as a part of human resource management-concept |
| Staffing process |
| Recruitment process |
| Selection process |
| Training and development-concept and importance, methods of training-on the job and off the job, vestibule training, apprenticeship training, and internship training |
Directing |
|---|
| Concept and Importance |
| Elements of Directing |
| Supervision-concept and importance |
| Motivation-concept, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, financial and non-financial incentives |
| Leadership-concept, styles-authoritative, democratic, and laissez faire |
| Elements of directing: Communication-concept, formal, and informal communication; barriers to effective communication, how to overcome the barriers |
Controlling |
|---|
| Controlling-concept and importance |
| Relationship between planning and controlling |
| Steps in process of control |
Coordination |
|---|
| Coordination: meaning, nature, and importance |
Business finance |
|---|
| Financial decisions: Investment, financing, and dividend, meaning and factors affecting financial decisions |
| Financial planning-concept and importance |
| Capital structure-concept and factors affecting capital structure |
| Fixed and working capital-concept and factors affecting their requirements |
Financial markets |
|---|
| Financial markets: Concept, functions, and type |
| Money market and its instruments |
| Capital market and its types (primary and secondary), methods of floatation in the primary market |
| Stock exchange-functions and trading procedure |
| Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)-objectives and functions |
Marketing |
|---|
| Marketing-concept, functions, and philosophies |
| Marketing mix-concept and elements |
| Product-branding, labelling, and packaging, concept |
| Price-concept, factors determining price |
| Physical distribution-concept, components, and channels of distribution |
| Promotion-concept and elements; advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, and public relations |
Consumer protection |
|---|
| Concept and importance of consumer protection |
| Consumer protection act 1986: Meaning of consumer |
| Rights and responsibilities of consumers |
| Who can file a complaint ? |
| Redressal machinery |
| Remedies available |
| Consumer awareness-role of consumer organizations and Non-Governmental organizations (NGOs) |
National income and related aggregates |
|---|
| What is macro economics?, classical and Keynesian views about macroeconomics |
| Scope, importance and limitations of macroeconomics |
| Concept of equilibrium: Partial equilibrium and general equilibrium |
| Basic concepts in macroeconomics: Consumption goods, capital goods, final goods, intermediate goods, stocks and flows variables, etc |
| Circular flow of income (two sector economy model) |
| Real flow and monetary flow |
| Concept of injections and withdrawals in circular flow of income and output |
| Aggregates related to national income: Gross national product (GNP), net national product (NNP), gross and net domestic product (GDP and NDP)-at market price, at factor cost |
| Methods of calculating national income-value added or product method, expenditure method, income method with numerical questions |
Determination of income and employment |
|---|
| Aggregate demand-aggregate supply and their components |
| Consumption function, saving function, investment function |
| Propensity to consume and propensity to save (average and marginal) |
| Short-run equilibrium output |
| Meaning of full employment and involuntary unemployment |
| Investment multiplier and its mechanism |
| Problems of excess demand and deficient demand |
| Measures to correct to correct excess and deficient demand through monetary and fiscal policies of the government along with the instruments of monetary and fiscal policies |
Money and banking |
|---|
| Money-barter system of exchange: Meaning and Limitations |
| Money: Meaning, importance, and functions of money |
| Concept of supply of money and its measurement |
| Banking: Meaning and functions of commercial banks. Meaning and functions of central bank (example of the Reserve Bank of India). Control of credit by by central bank through quantitative and qualitative measures |
Government budget and the economy |
|---|
| Government budget-meaning, objectives, and components |
| Classification of receipts-revenue receipts and capital receipts; tax: Meaning and types of taxes; classification of expenditure-revenue expenditure and capital expenditure, planned expenditure and non-planned expenditure |
| Classification of expenditure-developmental and non-developmental expenditure |
| Measures of government deficit-revenue deficit, fiscal deficit, primary deficit their meaning |
Foreign exchange rate and balance of payments |
|---|
| Foreign exchange rate-meaning of fixed and flexible rates and methods of their determination along with their advantages and limitations |
| Foreign exchange market-meaning and functions |
| Balance of payments-meaning and components |
| Various types of accounts in balance of payment |
| Deficit in balance of payment: Meaning and measures to correct it |
Development Experience (1947-90) and Economic Reforms since 1991 |
|---|
| A brief introduction of the state of Indian economy on the eve of independence |
| Five year plans and NITI ayog; rational behind the adoption of five years economic plan, common goals of five-year economic plans with their success and failures |
| NITI Aayog; a brief introduction, structure, and its working |
| Agriculture: Meaning, importance, main features, problems and policies of agriculture (institutional aspects and new agricultural strategy) |
| Industry: Meaning, importance, problems and policies for industrial development (industrial licensing, etc) |
| Economic reforms since 1991: Features of liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation (LPG policy) and measures adopted in this policy of LPG. A critical evaluation of LPG Policy |
Current challenges faced by Indian economy |
|---|
| Poverty: Absolute and relative. Causes of poverty, suggestions to solve the problem of poverty from India and main programmes for poverty alleviation: A critical assessment |
| Unemployment: Meaning, types and causes, suggestions to solve the problem of unemployment from India. Main programmes for the solution of the problem of unemployment from India |
| Rural development: Key issues-credit and marketing, role of cooperatives; agricultural diversification; organic farming |
| Human capital formation: How people become resource; role of human capital in economic development; growth of education sector in India |
| Infrastructure: Meaning and types, energy and health, problems and policies: A critical assessment |
| Sustainable economic development: Meaning, effects of economic development on resources and environment, including global warming |
| Concept of pollution: Types and suggestions to solve the problem of pollution |
Correlation and index numbers |
|---|
| Coefficient of correlation-meaning and properties |
| Methods for the measurement of coefficient of correlation: Scatter diagram method, Karl Pearson's method (only by direct method) (two variables ungrouped data) Spearman's rank correlation (in case of untied ranks only) |
| Index numbers-meaning, methods of constructing; unweighted index (simple aggregative and simple average of price relative method) |
| Weighted index numbers (weighted aggregative methods including only Laspeyres, Paasche's and Fisher's index numbers) |
| Wholesale price index, consumer price index and index of industrial production |
| Uses of index numbers; inflation and index numbers |
Reproduction |
|---|
| Reproduction in organisms: Reproduction, a characteristic feature of all organism for continuation of species; modes of reproduction-asexual and sexual reproduction; modes-binary fission, sporulation, budding, gemmule, fragmentation |
| Reproduction in organisms: Vegetative propagation in plants |
| Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; development of male and female gametophytes; pollination-types, agencies, and examples; outbreeding devices; pollen-pistil interaction; double fertilization |
| Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Post fertilization events-development of endosperm and embryo, development of seed and formation of fruit, special modes-apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; significance of seed dispersal, and fruit formation |
| Human reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems, microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; gametogenesis-spermatogenesis and oogenesis; menstrual cycle, fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation |
| Human reproduction: Pregnancy and placenta formation (elementary idea), parturition (elementary idea), lactation (elementary idea) |
| Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD), birth control-need and methods, contraception and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP); amniocentesis |
| Reproductive health: Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies-IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (elementary ides for general awareness) |
Genetics and evolution |
|---|
| Heredity and variation: Mendelian inheritance, deviations from Mendelism-incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles, and inheritance of blood groups, pleiotropy, elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; chromosome theory of inheritance |
| Heredity and variation: Chromosomes and genes; sex determination-in humans, birds, honey bee; linkage and crossing over; sex linked inheritance-haemophilia, colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-thalassemia; chromosomal disorders in humans |
| Heredity and variation: Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes |
| Molecular basis of inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; central dogma; transcription, genetic code, translation; gene expression and regulation-lac operon |
| Molecular basis of inheritance: Genome and human genome project; DNA fingerprinting |
| Evolution: Origin of life, biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution (paleontological, comparative anatomy, embryology, and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, modern synthetic theory of evolution |
| Evolution: Mechanism of evolution-variation (mutation and recombination) and natural selection with examples, types of natural selection; gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy Weinberg’s principle; adaptive radiation; human evolution |
Biology and human welfare |
|---|
| Human health and disease: Pathogens/ parasites causing human diseases (malaria, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, dengue, chikungunya, ringworm), basic concepts of immunology-vaccines |
| Human health and disease: Cancer, HIV, and AID’s, adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse |
| Strategies for enhancement in food production: Improvement in food production-plant breeding, tissues culture, single cell protein, biofortification, apiculture, and animal husbandry |
| Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers, antibiotics-production |
Biotechnology and its applications |
|---|
| Biotechnology: Principles and processes-genetic engineering (recombinant DNA technology) |
| Biotechnology and its applications: Application of biotechnology in health and agriculture-human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy, genetically modified organisms-Bt crops; transgenic animals; biosafety issues-biopiracy and patents |
Ecology and environment |
|---|
| Organisms and populations: Organisms and environment-habitat and niche; population and ecological adaptations; population interactions-mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; population attributes-growth, birth rate, and death rate |
| Organisms and populations: Organisms and environment-population attributes-age distribution |
| Ecosystem: Patterns, components; productivity, and decompositions; energy flow; pyramids of number, biomass, energy; nutrients cycling (carbon and phosphorous); ecological succession, ecological services-carbon fixation, pollination, oxygen release |
| Biodiversity and conservation: Concepts of biodiversity; patterns of biodiversity; importance of biodiversity; loss of biodiversity; biodiversity conservation; hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, red data book, biosphere reserves |
| Biodiversity and conservation: National parks, and sanctuaries |
| Environmental issues: Air pollution and its control; water pollution and its control; agrochemicals and their effects; solid waste management; radioactive waste management; greenhouse effect and global warming; ozone depletion; deforestation |
| Environmental issues: Any three case studies as success stories addressing environmental issues |
Solid state |
|---|
| Classification of solids based on different binding forces: Molecular, ionic, covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea) |
| Unit cell in two dimensional and three dimensional lattices, calculation of density of unit cell, packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects, electrical and magnetic properties |
| Band theory of metals, conductors, semiconductors and insulators and n and p type semiconductors |
Solutions |
|---|
| Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, colligative properties-relative lowering of vapour pressure, Raoult's law, elevation of B.P., depression of freezing point |
| Osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass |
| Van't Hoff factor |
Electrochemistry |
|---|
| Redox reactions; conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch's law |
| Electrolysis and laws of electrolysis (elementary idea) dry cell-electrolytic cells and galvanic cells; lead accumulator, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, fuel cells; corrosion |
| Relation between Gibbs Energy change and EMF of cell |
Chemical kinetics |
|---|
| Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous), factors affecting rates of reaction; concentration, temperature, catalyst; Order and molecularity of a reaction: rate law and specific rate constant |
| Order and molecularity of a reaction: Integrated rate equations and half life (only for zero and first order reactions), concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment) |
| Activation energy, Arrhenius equation |
Surface chemistry |
|---|
| Absorption physisorption and chemisorption; factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids; catalysis; homogeneous and heterogeneous, activity, and selectivity; enzyme catalysis |
| Colloidal state: Distinction between true solutions, colloids, and suspensions; lyophilic, lyophobic, multimolecular and macromolecular/ colloids; properties of colloids, Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation |
| Emulsion-types of emulsions |
General principles and process of isolation of elements |
|---|
| Principles and methods of extraction-concentration, oxidation, reduction electrolytic method and refining, occurrence and principles of extraction of aluminum, copper, zinc, and iron |
P-block elements |
|---|
| Group 15 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, oxidation states, trends in physical and chemical properties; nitrogen preparation properties and uses |
| Group 15 elements: Compounds of nitrogen: Preparation and properties of ammonia and nitric acid, oxides of nitrogen (structure only); phosphorus-allotropic forms, compounds of phosphorus: Preparation and properties of phosphine, |
| Group 15 elements: Compounds of phosphorus-halides and oxoacids (elementary idea only) |
| Group 16 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; dioxygen; preparation, properties and uses; classification of oxides; ozone |
| Group 16 elements: Sulphur-allotropic forms; compounds of sulphur preparation, properties and uses of sulphur dioxide, sulphuric acid, industrial process of manufacture, properties and uses, oxoacids of sulphur (structures only) |
| Group 17 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; compounds of halogens; preparation, properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid, interhalogen compounds |
| Group 17 elements: Oxoacids of halogens (structures only) |
| Group 18 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration. Occurrence, trends in physical, and chemical properties, uses |
D and f block elements |
|---|
| General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first row transition metals-metallic character, ionization, enthalpy, oxidation states |
| Ionic radii, colour, electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid, contraction, oxidation states |
| Actenoids-electronic configuration, oxidation states |
Coordination number |
|---|
| Coordination compounds-introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, bonding |
| Werner’s theory VBT, CFT, isomerism (structure and stereo) importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals, and biological systems) |
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes |
|---|
| Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, physical, and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions, optical rotation |
| Haloarenes: Nature of C-X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen for monosubstituted compounds only) uses and environmental effects of-dichloromethane |
Alcohol, phenols, and ether |
|---|
| Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols; mechanism of dehydration, uses, with special reference to-methanol and ethanol |
| Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of phenols |
| Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical, and chemical properties, uses |
Aldehyde, ketones, and carboxylic acids |
|---|
| Aldehydes and ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, and mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes; uses |
| Carboxylic acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical, and chemical properties, uses |
Organic compounds containing Nitrogen compounds |
|---|
| Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical, and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines |
| Cyanides and isocyanides: Will be mentioned at relevant places in context |
| Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions, and importance in synthetic organic chemistry |
Biomolecules |
|---|
| Carbohydrates: Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); importance |
| Proteins: Elementary idea of amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides proteins, primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure, and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes |
| Vitamins: Classification and functions |
| Hormones: Elementary idea (excluding structure) |
| Nucleic acids: DNA and RNA |
Polymers |
|---|
| Classification-natural and synthetic, methods of polymerization (addition and condensation), copolymerization |
| Some important polymers; natural and synthetic like polythene, nylon, polyesters, bakelite, rubber |
| Biodegradable and nonbiodegradable polymers |
Chemistry in everyday life |
|---|
| Chemicals in medicines analgesic, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines |
| Chemicals in food-preservatives, artificial sweetening agents |
| Elementary idea of antioxidants |
| Cleansing agents-soaps and detergents, cleansing action |
Electrostatics |
|---|
| Electric charges; charging by induction, basic properties of electric charge (addition of charges, quantisation of charges, and their Conservation) Coulomb's law-force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges |
| Superposition principle and continuous charge distribution |
| Electrical field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field due to system of charge, physical significance of electric field, electric-field lines; electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole; (on its axis, on equatorial plane) |
| Physical significance of dipoles; torque on a dipole in uniform electric field |
| Electric field due to continuous charge distribution |
| Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem, proof of Gauss’s theorem for a charge enclosed in sphere, and its applications to find electric field due to infinitely long straight wire |
| Uniformly charged infinite thin plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside) |
| Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, potential due to an electric dipole with special cases for axis and equatorial plane and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, its properties |
| Relation between field and potential electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges, potential energy in external field and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field |
| Conductors and insulators, electrostatics of conductors, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor |
| Electrostatic shielding its uses, dielectrics and electric polarisation, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel |
| Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor |
Current electricity |
|---|
| Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, drift of electron mobility and their relation with electric current: Ohm's law, electrical resistance |
| V-I characteristics (linear and nonlinear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity, and conductivity |
| Carbon resistors, colour code for carbon resistors; series and parallel combinations of resistors, temperature dependence of resistance and resistivity |
| Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel |
| Kirchhoff's laws and simple applications of Wheatstone bridge, meter bridge |
| Potentiometer-principle and its applications to measure potential difference and for comparing emf of two cells, measurement of internal resistance of a cell |
Magnetic effects of current and magnetism |
|---|
| Concept of Magnetic Field |
| Oersted's experiment, Biot-savart law and its application to find magnetic field on the axis of a current carrying circular loop, Ampere's circuital law (no proof) and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, straight and toroidal solenoids |
| Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields |
| Cyclotron |
| Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field |
| Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors, definition of ampere |
| Torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; moving coil galvanometers-its current sensitivity, and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter |
| Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment |
| Magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron |
| Magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis |
| Torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; magnetism and Gauss’s law; Earth's magnetic field and magnetic elements, magnetisation and magnetic intensity |
| Magnetic properties of materials, Para-, dia-and ferro- magnetic substances with examples, electromagnets and factors affecting their strengths |
| Permanent magnets |
Electromagnetic induction and current |
|---|
| Electromagnetic induction, Faraday's and Henry experiments, magnetic flux, Faraday laws, induced EMF and current, Lenz's law and conservation of energy, motional emf, Eddy currents: Self and mutual inductance |
| Alternating current, peak and RMS value of alternating current/ voltage; reactance and impedances; phasors, AC applied across resistance, AC applied across inductor, as applied across capacitor, AC applied across LCR, LC oscillations, across inductor |
| AC applied across capacitor, AC applied across ILC oscillations, (qualitative treatment only) |
| LCR series circuit resonance; power in AC circuit, wattless current |
| AC generator and transformer |
Electromagnetic waves |
|---|
| Need for displacement current, electromagnetic waves and their characteristics (qualitative ideas only) |
| Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves |
| Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, radio microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses |
Optics |
|---|
| Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula |
| Refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications, optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, refraction by lens, lenses, thin lens formula/ equation, lensmaker's formula |
| Magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, combination of lens, and mirror |
| Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism |
| Some natural phenomenon due to sunlight, scattering of light-blue colour of the sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset |
| Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers |
| Waves optics: Wave front and Huygens' Principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using Huygens’ principle, wave fronts |
| Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens' principle |
| Interference Young's double hole experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources and incoherent addition of waves and sustained interference of light |
| Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum |
| Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes |
| Polarisation, polarization by scattering and reflection, plane polarised light-Brewster's law, uses of plane polarised light and polaroids |
Dual nature of matter and radiation |
|---|
| Electron emission, photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations', experimental study of photoelectric effect, and wave theory of light, Einstein's photoelectric equation, particle nature of light, the photon, Matter waves-wave nature of particles |
| De Broglie relation |
| Davisson Germer experiment (experimental details should be omitted; only conclusion should be explained) |
Atoms and nuclei |
|---|
| Alpha-particle scattering experiment, Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen atom, expression for radius, velocity, and energy of electron in orbit, energy levels, line spectrum of hydrogen atom, atomic spectra |
| De Broglie's explanation of Bohr's second postulate of quantization |
| Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars, isotones |
| Radioactivity-alpha, beta and gamma particles/ rays and their properties; radioactive decay law, alpha, beta, and gamma decay |
| Mass-energy relation, mass-defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission, nuclear force, nuclear reactor, nuclear energy |
Electronics devices |
|---|
| Classification of metal insulator and semiconductor, energy bands in solids (qualitative idea only) conductor, insulators, and semiconductors; intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, p-n junction |
| Semiconductor Diode-1-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier, 1-V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell and Zener diode, Zener diode as a voltage regulator |
Relations and Functions |
|---|
| Relations and functions: Types of relations-reflexive, symmetric, transitive, and equivalence relations. One to one and onto functions, composite functions, inverse of a function |
| Inverse trigonometric functions: Definition, range, domain, principal value branches. Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions. Elementary properties of inverse trigonometric functions |
Algebra |
|---|
| Matrices: Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero and identity matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrices. Operation of matrices. Addition and multiplication and multiplication with a scalar |
| Matrices: Simple properties of addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication. Non-commutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non-zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2) |
| Matrices: Concept of elementary row and column operations. Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse, if it exists, (here all matrices will have real entries) |
| Determinants: Determinant of a square matrix (up to 3x3 matrices), properties of determinants, minors, cofactors, and applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle. Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix. |
| Determinants: Consistency, inconsistency and number of solutions of system of linear equation by examples, solving system of linear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix |
Calculus |
|---|
| Continuity and differentiability: Continuity and differentiability, derivative of composite functions, chain rule, derivative of inverse trigonometric functions, derivative of implicit function. Concepts of exponential and logarithmic functions |
| Continuity and differentiability: Derivatives of logarithmic and exponential functions. Logarithmic differentiation, derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives |
| Continuity and differentiability: Rolle’s and Lagrange’s mean value theorems (without proof) and their geometric interpretation |
| Applications of derivatives: Rate of change of bodies, increasing/ decreasing functions, tangents and normal, use of derivatives in approximation |
| Applications of derivatives: Maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated geometrically and second derivative test given as a provable tool) |
| Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as well as real life situations) |
| Integrals: Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, evaluation of simple integrals of the following types and problems based on them: |
| Integrals: ∫dx/ x²±a², ∫dx/ √x²±a², ∫dx/ √a²-x², ∫dx/ √ax²±bx+c, ∫dx/ ax²±bx+c, ∫(px+q)/ ax²±bx+c dx, ∫(px+q)/ √ax²±bx+c dx, ∫√a²±x² dx and ∫√x²-a² dx, ∫√ax²±bx+c dx and ∫(px+q)√ax²±bx+c dx, definite integrals as a limit of a sum |
| Integrals: Fundamental theorem of calculus (without proof). Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals |
| Applications of the integrals: Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, circles/ parabolas/ ellipses (in standard form only), area between any of the two above said curves (the region should be clearly identifiable) |
| Differential equations: Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation. Formation of differential equation whose general solution is given. Solution of differential equations by method of separation of variables |
| Differential equations: Solutions of homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree. Solutions of linear differential equation of the type: dy/dx+py=Q where p and q are functions of x or constant |
| Differential equations: Solutions of linear differential equation of the type dx/dy+px=q where p and q are functions of y or constant |
Vectors and three dimensional geometry |
|---|
| Vectors: Vectors and scalars, magnitude, and direction of a vector. Direction cosines and direction ratios of vectors. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel, and collinear vectors), position vector of a point, negative of a vector |
| Vectors: Components of a vector, addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by a scalar position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio |
| Vectors: Definition, geometrical interpretation, properties and application of scalar (dot) product of vectors, vector (cross) product of vectors, scalar triple product of vectors |
| Three-dimensional geometry: Direction cosines and direction ratios of a line joining two points. Cartesian equations and vector equation of a line, coplanar and skew lines, shortest distance between two lines. Cartesian and vector equation of a plane |
| Three-dimensional geometry: Angle between (i) two lines, (ii) two planes, (iii) a line and a plane. Distance of a point from a plane |
Linear programming |
|---|
| Linear programming: Introduction, related terminology such as constraints, objectives function, optimization, different types of linear programming (L.P.) problems, mathematical formulation of L.P problems |
| Linear programming: Graphical method of solution for problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions (bounded or unbounded), feasible and infeasible solutions, optimal feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial constraints) |
Probability |
|---|
| Probability: Conditional probability, multiplication theorem on probability, independent events; total probability, Bayes theorem. Random variable, and its probability distribution, mean and variance of random variable. Binomial probability distribution |
Physical features of the Punjab and their influence on its history |
|---|
Sources of the history of the Punjab |
|---|
Political, social and economic conditions of the Punjab in the beginning of the 16th century |
|---|
Guru Nanak Dev Ji’s life and his teachings |
|---|
Development of Sikhism under Guru Angad Dev Ji, Guru Amar Das Ji, and Guru Ram Das Ji |
|---|
Guru Arjan Dev ji and his martyrdom |
|---|
Guru hargobind ji and transformation of Sikhism |
|---|
Guru Har Rai ji and Guru Har Krishan ji |
|---|
Guru Teg Bahadur ji and his martyrdom |
|---|
Guru Gobind Singh ji, the foundation of khalsa, his battles and his personality |
|---|
Banda Singh Bahadur |
|---|
Abdus Samad Khan, Zakaria Khan and Mir Mannu, their relations with the sikhs |
|---|
Rise of the dal khalsa and its mode of fighting |
|---|
Social and economic conditions of the Punjab under the mughals |
|---|
Invasions of Ahmed Shah Abdali and disintegration of mughal rule in the Punjab |
|---|
Origin and growth of the Sikh Misls and their nature of organization |
|---|
Ranjit Singh’s career and conquests |
|---|
Anglo-sikh relations (1800-1839) |
|---|
Ranjit Singh’s relations with Afghanistan and his N.W.F. policy |
|---|
Civil and military administration of Ranjit singh |
|---|
Character and personality of Ranjit singh |
|---|
First Anglo-Sikh war-causes and results |
|---|
Second Anglo-Sikh war-causes and results, annexation of the Punjab |
|---|
Nature and scope of geography and its branches |
|---|
| Geographical thought; brief definitions of determinism, and possibilism, radical, and postmodern geography |
| The contribution of A.V Humboldt, Carl Ritter, Paul Vidal De La Blache, and E.C Sample, and branches of geography |
Human resources |
|---|
| Population: Distribution density and growth, age-sex ratio, urbanisation |
| Literacy, determinants of population change, geography of Indian diaspora, migration causes and consequences, demographic transition theory |
| Human development concept; selected indicators, international comparison, Punjab’s rank in national HDI |
| Human settlements: Rural and urban, urbanisation in India and its impact |
| Distribution of metropolitan cities, mega cities |
| Growth centres and growth poles |
Economic geography |
|---|
| Primary activities: Concepts and changing trends; gathering; pastoral, mining, subsistence agriculture, modern trends in agriculture with special reference to Punjab, and organic farming |
| Primary activities: Geographic distribution of major crops in India (wheat, rice, tea, coffee, cotton jute, sugarcane) |
| Secondary activities: Concepts, manufacturing types (household, small scale, large scale, agro based, and mineral based industries with special reference to Punjab. Distribution of metallic (iron ore, copper, bauxite, manganese,) non-metallic |
| Secondary activities: Conventional (coal petroleum, natural gas), non-conventional (solar, wind, tidal), and conservation of resources |
| Secondary activities: Industries-types, distribution of selected industries; iron and steel, cotton textile, sugar, pharmaceutical petrochemical, and knowledge-based industries. Industrial corridors, dedicated freight corridors |
| Secondary activities: FDI and impact on Indian industries. Tertiary activities; quaternary, and quinary activities. People engaged in tertiary industries. A case study from Punjab |
Transport, communication, and trade |
|---|
| Land transport: Roads, (north south, east-west corridors, golden quadrilateral, and diamond quadrilateral) new numbering scheme of national highways |
| Railways: Trans-continental railways |
| Luxury trains in India |
| Water transport |
| Inland, major ocean routes of the world |
| Air transport, oil, and gas pipelines (TAPI, HBJ, Indo Iranian Naharkatia-Nunmati-Barauni pipeline, Kandla-Bhatinda pipeline, gas pipelines-Jamnagar Srinagar L.P.G pipeline, Dabhol-Kakinada pipeline) |
| International and national trade, sea ports, and their hinterlands and major airports) |
| International trade bases and changing patterns |
| International organisations with reference to India |
| Role of WTO in International trade |
Geographical perspective on selective issues and problems |
|---|
| Environmental pollution; land, water, air |
| Geography of superlatives in India and Punjab |
Political system |
|---|
| Meaning, characteristics, functions of political system, David Easton’s input output model, difference between state and political system |
Major contemporary political theories |
|---|
| Liberalism, Marxism, political ideas of Mahatma Gandhi |
Bureaucracy (civil services) |
|---|
| Meaning and importance, recruitment, role and functions, distinction between political executive and permanent executive and their respective roles |
Public opinion |
|---|
| Role and importance of public opinion in a democratic polity |
| Agencies for the formulation and expression of public opinion |
Party system |
|---|
| Political parties-their functions and importance, basis of formation of political parties, types of party system, the role of opposition |
Interest and pressure groups |
|---|
| Interest groups and pressure groups-their nature types and functions, ways of functioning of pressure groups, |
Indian democracy |
|---|
| Parliamentary model, problems and challenges to Indian democracy and future of Indian democracy |
Democracy at grass root |
|---|
| Concept of Panchayati Raj, structure and working of Panchayati Raj (73th Amendment), Panchayati Raj-some problems, local bodies in urban areas (74th Amendment), |
Party system in India |
|---|
| Nature of party system in India, study of major 4 national political parties (INC, BJP, CPI, CPI (M) their programs, and policies), regional political parties in Punjab (SAD, AAP), problems facing the Indian party system |
Electoral system |
|---|
| Adult franchise direct and indirect elections, and people’s participation, voting behavior-meaning and determinants, election commission and election procedure |
National integration |
|---|
| Problems of national integration, steps taken to promote national integration |
Foreign policy of India |
|---|
| Determinants of foreign policy, basic principles of foreign policy, India and the United Nations, India, and SAARC |
India and the world |
|---|
| India’s relations with her neighbors-Nepal, Sri Lanka, China, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, India’s relation with U.S.A. and Russia, India’s approach to major world issues-human rights, disarmament, and globalization |
Metaphysics |
|---|
| Idealism: Characteristics; kinds-subjective idealism (Berkeley), objective idealism (Plato) |
| Materialism: Characteristics; kinds-mechanical materialism, dialectical materialism |
| Epistemology: Sources of knowledge; empiricism, rationalism, intuitionism, testimony |
| Theories of truth: Correspondence theory, coherence theory and pragmatic theory |
Scientific method |
|---|
| Its various steps; characteristics, uses of scientific method, difference between scientific method and non-scientific methods |
| Hypothesis: Its meaning, its place in scientific method; formulation of a relevant hypothesis, conditions of valid hypothesis. Uses of hypothesis |
Explanation |
|---|
| Its meaning, popular, and scientific explanation, kinds/ forms and limits of scientific explanation |
| Propositions: Meaning and definition of propositions, difference between sentence and proposition, various divisions of propositions |
Indian philosophy |
|---|
| Its nature and characteristics |
| The philosophy of Bhagavad-Gita-Karma Yoga (philosophy of action) |
| Sikhism: Its salient features, concepts of Sangat, Pangat, and Sarbat da Bhala |
History and development of media |
|---|
| Brief history and development of media in India, with special reference to Punjab; evolution of print media, evolution of radio, evolution of television, evolution of cinema, evolution of internet |
| History of Punjabi journalism, evolutionary period-1850 A.D. to 1900 A.D., 1900 A.D. to 1947 A.D., 1947 A.D. to 2000 A.D., After 2000 A.D. |
| Radio programmes-characteristics, types, and Impact |
| T.V. programmes-characteristics, types, and Impact |
| Script writing for radio and television programmes |
Films and cyber journalism |
|---|
| Indian cinema, types (commercial and art), characteristics, and Impact |
| Punjabi cinema, characteristics, and Impact (special reference to-Chann Pardesi, Marhi da Diva, Des hoeya Padeis, Nabar and Asees, semi-Punjabi and Hindi Films, Pinjar, Chakravyuh, Udta Punjab, Page 3 and Peepli Live) |
| Cyber/ online journalism: (i). Social networking, Facebook, Twitter, Blogging, websites, portal, Instagram, (ii) communication through cell phones; WhatsApp, SMS |
| Media advertising; selling, and marketing products through advertising |
| Introduction to media ethics |
| Basic terminology and use reference materials |
Food, nutrition, and health |
|---|
| Definitions: Food, nutrition, health, nutrients, nutrient density, malnutrition, recommended dietary allowances, nutritional status, functional food, nutraceuticals, antioxidants, geriatrics, probiotics. Functions of food |
| Classification of food groups based on the recommendation of ICMR |
| Balanced diet |
| Food guide pyramid |
Nutrients and nourishment |
|---|
| Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals (calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, iodine, fluorine), vitamins (A, D, E, K, B, and C) and water: (i) Functions and sources, (ii) health effects of too little and too much of nutrients |
| Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals (calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, iodine, fluorine), vitamins (A, D, E, K, B, and C) and water: (iii) Enhancing nutritional value of foods |
Meal planning |
|---|
| Meaning, importance, and principles of meal Planning |
| Planning meals for the family-children (infants, pre schoolers, and school going children), adolescents (boys and girls), adults (men and women), pregnant women, lactating mothers, and elderly |
Food selection, storage, preparation, and preservation at home |
|---|
| Food selection and storage |
| Preparation of food: Different methods of cooking |
| Food preservation at home-importance and method |
Food safety |
|---|
| Food hygiene |
| Food adulteration |
| Removal of the pesticide residues from food by different methods |
Diet therapy |
|---|
| Principles of diet therapy |
| Adaptation of normal diet for therapeutic purpose |
Beginning of motherhood |
|---|
| Signs, discomforts, and warning signs of pregnancy |
| Antenatal care of expectant mother (diet, rest, exercise, medical checkups, and immunization) |
| Alternative reproductive methods (in-vitro fertilization, gamete intrafallopian transfer, zygote intrafallopian transfer, and surrogacy) |
Prenatal physiological processes |
|---|
| Stages of prenatal development ( germinal, embryonic, and fetal) |
| Fetal monitoring techniques (ultrasound, chorionic villus sampling, amniocentesis, and foetoscopy) |
| Environmental influences on prenatal development (teratogens, diseases, harmful drugs, and x-ray) |
Birth process |
|---|
| Stages of birth process (dilation, expulsion, and placental stage) |
| Types of childbirth (natural, instrument, breech, and caesarean) |
| Categories of new born babies (pre-term, term, and post-term) |
Postnatal care of mother |
|---|
| Meaning and purpose of postnatal care |
| Aspects of postnatal care |
| Effects of parenthood on mother, father, and other family members |
Care of newborn |
|---|
| Characteristics of newborn |
| Neonatal reflexes |
| Feeding, bathing, and clothing of newborn |
| Immunization |
| Developmental milestones and delays |
Infant stimulation |
|---|
| Mother-child interaction |
| Developmentally appropriate play material |
| Common childhood ailments |
Biodiversity |
|---|
| Concept and value of biodiversity |
| Levels of biodiversity species, eco, and genetic |
| Balance in nature |
| Biodiversity for sustenance of mankind |
| Resource limitation |
| Ecological role of biodiversity |
| Interdependence among different species |
| India as a mega diversity nation |
| Economic potential of biodiversity |
| Loss of biodiversity-threatened, endangered, and extinct |
| Strategies for conservation of biodiversity in situ and ex situ |
| Mitigating the people-wildlife conflict |
Environmental management |
|---|
| Need for environment management vis-a-vis development |
| Aspects of environmental management-ethical, economic, technological, and social |
| Legal provisions for environmental management |
| Approaches for environmental management-economic policies, environmental indicators, setting of standards, information exchange, and surveillance |
| Problem of stubble and its management |
Sustainable development |
|---|
| Concept of sustainable development |
| Concept of sustainable consumption |
| Need for sustainable development for improving the quality of life for the present and future |
| Challenges for sustainable development-political and administrative will, dynamic and flexible policies, appropriate technologies, comprehensive review, and revision mechanism, human approach |
| Development of skilled manpower |
| Role of individual and community |
| Role of national and international agencies (both governmental and non-governmental) |
Sustainable agriculture |
|---|
| Need for sustainable agriculture |
| Green revolution-impact on environment |
| Importance of soil for crops, irrigation systems, use of manure, and fertilizers |
| Crop protection-major plant pests and diseases (wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane, potato), measures for their control agrochemicals |
| Impact of agrochemicals on environment |
| Elements of sustainable agriculture-mixed farming, mixed cropping, crop rotation, biological and economic consideration, use of biofertilizers and bio pesticides, biological pest control, integrated pest management |
| Application of biotechnology in crop improvement |
| Management of agricultural produces-storage, preservation, transportation, and processing |
Environmental actions |
|---|
| Meeting basic human need, food, water, shelter, and fuel for all |
| Population control |
| Changing consumption patterns |
| Prevention and control of environmental pollution |
| Waste management-reduce, reuse, and recycle |
| Community movement for ecological restoration and conservation of environment like joint forest Management (JFM), student's participation in tree rearing, social, and agroforestry |
| Drugs-ill effects (part-II) consequences of use of different drugs, the narcotic drugs, and psychotropic substances act 1985 offences as penalties |
Introduction to c++ |
|---|
| Introduction to object orientation, difference between structured and object oriented language, introduction to C++, program structure, program design and implementation issues, character set of C++, C++ basic elements, structure of a program |
| What is meant by an object ? |
Data types variables and constants |
|---|
| Concepts of data types, data types modifiers, constants, string literals, variables, operators in C++, expressions and statements, conditional expression, operators precedence in C++ |
Control statements |
|---|
| Conditional statements, selection statements: If and else, nested if (nested blocks), another selection statements-switch, jump statement, the break statement, the continue statement, the go to statement, exit() function, iteration statement (C++) |
| Loop and nested loops, console I/O functions, header files |
Functions |
|---|
| Definition of function, function prototype, objective of using function prototype, accessing a function, passing argument to a function, default values for parameters, the const argument, C++ function call by value, C++ function call by reference |
| Parameter pass by reference, return statement, passing arrays as function arguments in C++, C++ variable scope, local variables |
Arrays |
|---|
| Declaring arrays, one dimensional array, nature of subscript, multidimensional array, two-dimensional arrays, arrays of strings |
Classes and objects |
|---|
| Classes, access specifiers and default labels, scope of class and its members, member functions, data hiding and encapsulation, inline functions, nesting of member functions, arrays within a class, static function members |
Constructor, destructor, and function overloading |
|---|
| Need for constructors, default constructors, parameterized constructor, default copy constructor, dynamic initialization using constructors, the class destructor, function overloading in C++, steps involved in finding the best match |
Inheritance |
|---|
| Inheritance: Extending classes, need for inheritance, defining derived Class, different forms of inheritance, visibility modes, inherit private members of base class |
Information technology |
|---|
| Introduction, computer networks, network topology, advantages and disadvantages of network, data communication, transmission channel, types of networks |
Physical fitness |
|---|
Sport training |
|---|
Careers in physical education and sports awards |
|---|
Sport injuries |
|---|
Disability |
|---|
Sociological and psychological aspects of physical education |
|---|
Growth and development |
|---|
| Difference between growth and development, principles of growth and development |
| Stages of growth and development, physical, mental, emotional, and social, characteristics of adolescence, effect of heredity and environment in growth and development |
Emotions |
|---|
| Definition, concept, and characteristics of emotions, physical, and physiological changes accompanying emotions |
| Difference between emotions and feelings, important emotions: Fear, anger, and aggression, jealousy, love, happiness, curiosity |
Motivation |
|---|
| Meaning, definition, and characteristics of motivated behaviour, classes, and types of motives and needs, Maslow's theory of hierarchy of needs |
| Instincts, drives, incentives, and goals as motives |
| Frustrations and conflicts of motives |
Thinking, reasoning, and problem solving |
|---|
| Definition, types, and stages of thinking-images and thinking-languages and thinking |
| Reasoning-definition, characteristics, steps, and types of reasoning, problem solving, creative thinking, concepts: Definition, type of formation of concepts |
Delinquency and mental health |
|---|
| Delinquent behavior, definition, characteristics, causes, remedial and preventive measures-mental health: Meaning and definition, characteristics of a mentally healthy person, defence mechanism |
Intelligence |
|---|
| Definition, nature and theories: Spearman's two factor theory and Thurstone's primary mental abilities theory-concept of I.Q. measurement of intelligence-intelligence tests-relative role of heredity and environment on the development of intelligence |
Personality |
|---|
| Definition, nature, characteristics and traits of personality classification of personality: Sheldon's Jung's and Eysenck's classifications-theories of personality, Freud's psychoanalytical theory-Jung's analytical theory |
| Allport's theory of cardinal traits, Carl Rogers theory of self, Adler's theory of will power |
Statistics |
|---|
| Frequency distribution, mean, median, mode, mean deviation, standard deviation, quartile deviation. (Only numerical will be set from this unit) |
Personnel administration |
|---|
| Recruitment and training: UPSC-its organisation and role |
| Promotion and position classification |
| Conduct and discipline |
| Morale |
| Joint consultative machinery-employer employee relations |
Financial administration |
|---|
| Budget-meaning, principles, and importance |
| The budget as an instrument of public policy |
| The budgetary process |
| Ministry of finance-its organisation and working legislative control finance |
| Public accounts committee at the central level |
| Estimates committee at the central level |
| Performance budgeting |
Audit and its role |
|---|
| Comptroller and auditor general of india |
| Accounting: Its importance and organisation |
Selected approaches |
|---|
| Scientific management |
| Human relations approach |
Functional aspects of administration |
|---|
| Communication |
| Supervision |
| Coordination |
| Centralisation |
| Decentralisation |
| Field headquarter relationship |
Policy and planning |
|---|
| Leadership |
| Policy formation |
| Planning and decision making |
Administration improvement |
|---|
| O and M (organisation and methods) |
| Administrative reforms |
Law and legislation |
|---|
| Administrative Law |
| Rule of law |
| Delegated legislation |
| Administrative tribunals-role, structure, and working |
Tribal, rural, and urban societies in India |
|---|
| Tribal society: Meaning, features, classification of tribes; marriage system; issues-deforestation and displacement; changes in tribal society |
| Rural society: Meaning, features; issues-indebtedness, impact of green revolution; changes in rural society |
| Urban society: Meaning features; issues housing and slums |
Inequalities in Indian society |
|---|
| Caste inequalities: Concept, features; caste and social stratification, theories of origin of caste, caste inequality, and Indian society |
| Class inequalities: Concept of class, features of class; relations between caste, class, status group, and class hierarchy, views of sociologists on class structure, classes in rural and urban India |
| Gender inequalities: Concept, gender inequality, theories of feminism, gender; gender discrimination: Meaning and nature; problems of women, role of gender relation in societal development |
Structural and cultural change in India |
|---|
| Westernisation and Sanskritization: Westernisation-meaning, carrier of process, features, impact: Sanskritization-meaning, Sanskritisation preferred as against Brahminization, dominant caste, impact |
| Modernisation and globalisation-modernisation-meaning, characteristic, process of modernisation, causes, Impact: Globalisation-meaning, characteristics, process of globalization, causes, impact |
| Social movement: Meaning types, stages caste based movements, class based movements, women's movements, environmental movements |
Social problems in Indian society |
|---|
| Social problems: Alcoholism and drug addiction |
| Violence against women: Female foeticide and domestic violence-female foeticide: Meaning, India scenario, causes, consequences, strategies to combat female foeticide; domestic violence-meaning, forms, factors, causes, effects, remedies |
| Social issues-the aged and disability, the aged: Theories, problems, remedial measures-disability-definition, magnitude of disability, types, causes, social model, problems, measures |
Knowledge of the kathak dance |
|---|
Definition of the following terms |
|---|
| Laya, Taal, Theka, Paran, Chakkardaraparan, Kavit, Gat-nikas |
Knowledge of hasta mudras (sanyukta) based on abhinaya darpana |
|---|
Knowledge of the following Dances |
|---|
| (i) Bharatanatyam, (ii) Lasya |
Life sketch of Uday Shankar |
|---|
Knowledge of rasa and bhava and their application in dance |
|---|
Knowledge of folk dance of Punjab |
|---|
Definition and comparative study of teen taal and jhap taal |
|---|
Ability to write the following material in prescribed taals given below |
|---|
| Teen taal: One Thaat, one Amad, two Tukras, one Salami, one Paran, two Toras, one Kavit |
| Jhap taal: One Thaat, one Tehai, one Amad, one Salami, one Tora |
Ability to recognize the Layakari |
|---|
| Ikgun, Dugun, Tigun, and Chougun) through some bole from Teen taal and Jhap taal |
History of modern period of hindustani music |
|---|
Detailed knowledge of the following instruments |
|---|
| Sitar, Tabla |
Time theory of Ragas |
|---|
Definition of the following music terms |
|---|
| Varna, Kan, Meend, Mizrab, Jhalla, Chikari, Gamak, Soot, Krintan, Zamjama, Shudh, Chyalag, Sankeeran raags |
Vadak ke gun aur dosh |
|---|
Definition and principles of Thaats |
|---|
| Ten Thaats of Pandit Bhatkhande |
| Comparison between Raags and Thaats rules |
Importance of taal in music, music and other fine-arts |
|---|
Contribution towards music by the following scholars |
|---|
| Scholars: (i) Ustad Allauddin Khan, (ii) Shri Nikhil Banerjee, (iii) Pandit Harvinder Kumar Sharma, (iv) Ustad Vilayat Khan |
Development of vadan styles in Indian music |
|---|
Instruments used in solo performance in Indian music |
|---|
| Sitar, sarood, sarangi, dilruba, shanai, flute, jattarang, harmonium, tabla, dhol |
10 alankars |
|---|
Notation of Razakhani Gats in Bhairav, Malkauns, Bhimpalasi, and Khamaj Raags |
|---|
One slow gat in prescribed raags |
|---|
One composition in Ek Taal or Jhaptaal in prescribed raags |
|---|
One dhun in any raag |
|---|
Description of Rupak taal, Ek taal, Tilwara taal, Dhamar taal, Sul taal and Jhap taal with Ekgun, and Dugan layakaries |
|---|
Knowledge of the structure of your instrument |
|---|
Definition of the following |
|---|
| Uthan, Peshkar, Paran, Tehai, Duppali, Tippali, Rela, Nagma |
Principles of formation of taal |
|---|
Importance of Laya and taal in music and importance of tabla in music |
|---|
Comparative study of tabla and pakhawaj vadan |
|---|
Taal and its ten parans |
|---|
Brief introduction of gharanas of tabla |
|---|
Principles of tabla solo vadan |
|---|
Biographical sketches of the following tabla maestro |
|---|
| Tabla maestro: (i) Pandit Kanthe Maharaj, (ii) Pandit Shamta Prasad, (iii) Ustad Zakir Hussain, (iv) Ustad Laxman Singh Seen |
Introduction and notation of the following taals with Ikgun, Dugun, Tigun and Chougun Layakaries |
|---|
| (i) Rupak taal (ii) Jhap taal (iii) Ek taal (iv) Deepchandi (v) Teen taal (vi) Punjabi Theka ( Chhota teen taal) |
Description and comparison of the following taals |
|---|
| (i) Teen taal-Punjabi Theka (ii) Deepchandi-Dhamar taal (iii) Rupak taal-Tivra taal |
Notation of the following material in Teen taal, Jhap taal, Rupak taal-Peshkar, Kayada, Tehai, Paran, Rela, and Tukra |
|---|
Recognition of teen taal, deepchandi, punjabi theka, dhamar, rupak, tivra taals through some bols |
|---|
Notation of nagma in prescribed taals |
|---|
Brief history of modern period of hindustani music |
|---|
Detailed knowledge of tabla and harmonium |
|---|
Time theory of Ragas |
|---|
Define and explain the following terms |
|---|
| Varna, Kan, Khatka, Murki, Gamak, Gayak, Gayaki, shudh Rag, Chhayalg Rag, Sankiran Rag, Lakshan geet |
Gayak ke gun aur dosh |
|---|
Definition of Thaat |
|---|
| Its characteristics, ten Thaat of Bhatkhande |
| Comparison between Raag and Thaat rules |
Essay |
|---|
| (i) Importance of taal in music, (ii) Place of fine arts in music |
Contribution towards music by the following scholars |
|---|
| Scholars: (i) Bade Gulam Ali Khan, (ii) Bhim Sain Joshi, (iii) Prof. Baldev Sharan Narang, (iv) Faiyaz Khan |
Shastri gayan shailies |
|---|
| Dharupad, Dhamar, Tarana, Dhumri, Khayal, Tappa |
Contribution of famous folk singers of Punjab in folks music |
|---|
| Folk singers: (i) Assa Singh Mastana, (ii) Surinder Kaur, (iii) Narinder Biba, (iv) Kuldeep Manak, (v) Lal Chand Yamala Jat, (vi) Didar Sandhu, (vii) Parkash Kaur |
10 alankaras |
|---|
Notations of Drut Khyals in prescribed |
|---|
| Raags: Bhairav Bhimpalasi, Malkauns, Khamaj |
Notation of Rupak taal, EK taal, Jhap taal, Sultaal, Tilwara taal, Dhamar taal |
|---|
Recognition of raags from given swar sangaties |
|---|
Description of prescribed raags |
|---|
Brief history of gurmat music |
|---|
Contribution towards gurmat sangeet by guru arjun dev ji |
|---|
Introduction of choukie |
|---|
| (i) Asa Di Var, (ii) Sodar |
Brief introduction of famous kirtaniyas of guru period |
|---|
| (i) Bhai Mardana, (ii) Bhai Shahzad, (iii) Bhai Sata, (iv) Bhai Balwand |
Raag parkar and mishrit (mixed) raags of guru granth sahib |
|---|
Life sketch and contribution of towards gurbani sangeet |
|---|
| (i) Bhai Chand, (ii) Prof. Tara Singh, (iii) Bhai Hira Singh |
Definition of following music terms used in Gurmat sangeet Raag |
|---|
| Mahalla, Shabad Ank, Rahao, Dhuni (Dhun), Partal, Ghar |
Description of the prescribed Raags |
|---|
| Todi and Dhanasari, Sarang, Baharaiv |
Description with Ikgun, Dugun and Chougun of Ek Taal, Jhap Taal, Rupak Taal, and Teen Taal |
|---|
Recognition of prescribed Raags |
|---|
| Asavari, Dhanasari, Bhairav, Sarang Raags from given Swar-Sangaties |
Notation of Shabad |
|---|
| Gayan only Sathai Antra |
Concepts and scope of information technology, fundamentals of computers |
|---|
Elements of computer system |
|---|
| Computer hardware and software |
| Computer organization, CPU: Memory input devices, output devices, storage devices, and communication devices |
Multimedia |
|---|
Fundamentals of internet, working with internet |
|---|
| Concept of internet, use of internet, requirements of internet, internet domain, internet server, establishing connectivity on the internet, types of internet providers, constitute of internet protocol |
| Browsing the internet tools and service of internet, procedure of opening e-mail account on internet |
Introduction to e-commerce and e-commerce in India |
|---|
| Meaning, features, functions, and benefit of E-commerce, E-commerce practice vs traditional practice, scope, and basic models of E-commerce, limitations of E-commerce, precautions for secure E-commerce, proxy services |
| Types of E-commerce, meaning of B2C, B2B, C2C, and P2P |
| Status of E-commerce in India, problems and opportunity in E-commerce in India, future of E-commerce, legal issues involved E-commerce |
E-payments |
|---|
| Transaction through internet, requirements of E-payment system, post paid payment system, credit card solutions, cyber cash internal cheques, instant paid payment system, debit card, prepaid payment system, electronic cash, digi cash, net cash |
| Cyber cash, smart cards |
E-security |
|---|
| Areas of internet security, security threats, security breach avoidance, defection and recovery, confidentiality and integrity, electronic signature, access control, authentication precaution for secure E-commerce |
E-banking |
|---|
| Meaning, importance, and types of E-banking services |
| Traditional vs E-banking, process of E-banking, advantages and disadvantages of E-banking, status of E-banking in India |
E-trading |
|---|
| Meaning and importance of E-trading, traditional trading vs E-trading, operational aspects of E-trading, advantages of E-trading, status of E-trading in India |
E-marketing |
|---|
| Concept of E-marketing, 5Ps of E-marketing, traditional marketing vs E-marketing, advantages of E-marketing, status of E-marketing in India |
Elements of strategy |
|---|
| Various definitions, distinctions between grand strategy, strategy, and tactics type of strategy |
Armed forces of India's neighbours with special reference to Pakistan, china, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Sri lanka |
|---|
Higher defence organization in India |
|---|
| Defence minister's committee |
| Chief of staff committee |
Elements of evolution of tactics |
|---|
| Means of collection and interpreting information troop movements, operational and verbal orders, attack, defence, and withdrawal |
Higher defence organizations in India |
|---|
| Defence committee of the cabinet |
| National defence council |
| Powers of the President in relation to armed forces |
Organization of India's armed forces |
|---|
| Equivalent ranks in the armed forces |
| Role and characteristic of army, navy and air force |
| Army: Integrated headquarters, static, and field formation, elementary knowledge of the following weapons-5.56mm INSAS Rifle, 7.62mm MMG, LMG 9mm carbine, grenade, mortar, rocket launcher, Antitank weapons: Tanks and APC |
| Navy: Headquarters, commands, type of ships, and submarines |
| Air force: Headquarters, commands, types of service, aircrafts of India |
Historical |
|---|
| Religious life of the Indus valley people and early Aryans |
| Buddhist movement (up to Ashoka period) |
| Rise and development of sikhism (A.D. 1469 – 1708) |
Literary |
|---|
| Introduction to Vedic literature (name and main features of the four Vedas) |
| General Introduction to Puranas, Upanishads, Shastras |
| The Adi-Granth-its editing scheme |
Reflective |
|---|
| Ashta marga of Buddhism |
| Ethical teachings of Jainism |
| The sikh way of life |
The NCC |
|---|
| Duties of NCC cadets, NCC song |
| NCC camps-types and conduct |
National integration and awareness |
|---|
| Unity in diversity and role of NCC in nation building |
| Threats to national security, freedom struggle and nationalist movement in India |
Drill |
|---|
| Rifle ke saath savdhan, vishram aur aaram se |
| Rifle ke saath parade par aur saj |
| Rifle ke saath visarjan, line tod |
| Bhoomi shastra aur uthayo shastra |
| Bagal shastra aur baaju shastra |
| Salaami shastra |
| Squad drill |
| Guard Mounting |
| Guard of Honour |
Weapon training |
|---|
| Range procedure and theory of group |
| Short range firing (7.62 SLR)-loading, cocking and unloading, positions of holding and aiming, group and snap shooting |
Personality development and leadership |
|---|
| Group discussion-stress and emotions, change your mindset, interpersonal relations and team work, time management , civic sense |
| Career counseling, SSB procedure and interview skill |
| Public speaking |
| Case studies-(a) Mahatma Gandhi, (b) Shivaji, (c) A P J Abdul Kalam, (d) Deepa Malik, (e) Maharana Pratap, (f) Ratan Tata, (g) Jhansi ki Rani, (h) Narayan Murti, (i) Prakash Padukone, (j) Tipu Sultan, (k) Rabindranath Tagore |
Disaster management and civil affairs |
|---|
| Fire service and fire fighting, civil defence and NDMA |
| Initiative training, organising skills, do's and don'ts, natural disasters, man made disasters |
Social awareness and community development |
|---|
| Road/ rail travel safety |
| Cyber and mobile safety awareness |
| Civic responsibilities |
| Causes and preventions of HIV/AIDS |
Health and hygiene |
|---|
| First aid in common medical emergencies, treatment and care of wounds, infectious and contagious diseases and its prevention |
| Introduction to yoga and exercises |
Adventure and obstacle training |
|---|
| Obstacle training |
Environment awareness and conservation |
|---|
| Water conservation and rainwater harvesting |
Armed forces |
|---|
| Armed forces, army, CAPF, police: Basic organization of armed forces |
Map reading (MR) |
|---|
| Conduct to MR |
| Google and tourist maps and apps |
| Prismatic compass and its use, and GPS |
Field craft and battle craft (FC and BC) |
|---|
| Introduction to field craft |
| Indication of landmark |
| Observation, camouflage and concealment |
Introduction to infantry weapons and equipments (INF) |
|---|
| Organization of infantry battalion and its weapons |
| Characteristics of 7.62mm SLR Rifle, ammunition, fire power, stripping , assembling and cleaning |
Military history (MH) |
|---|
| Biographies of renowned generals |
| Study of battles-Indo Pak war 1965, 1971, and Kargil |
Communication (C) |
|---|
| Basic communication procedure |
| Types of communication |
| Characteristics of wireless technology (mobile, Wi-Fi, etc) |
General service knowledge |
|---|
| Aircraft recognition |
| Latest trends and acquisitions |
| 1971 war, operation Safed Sagar, operation Meghdoot |
Principles of flight |
|---|
| Forces acting on aircraft |
Airmanship |
|---|
| Aviation Medicine |
Aero engines |
|---|
| Aircraft control |
| Parts of aircraft |
Air frames |
|---|
| Landing gear |
Instruments |
|---|
| Introduction to Radars |
Aircraft particulars |
|---|
| Aircraft particular type specific |
Aero modeling |
|---|
| Building and flying of aero models |
Flying |
|---|
| Effects of flight control |
| Effects of weather |
Naval orientation and service subjects |
|---|
| Naval expeditions and campaigns |
| Rank profiles of officers and sailors and their equivalents in other services |
Naval communication |
|---|
| Semaphore |
| Wearing of flags |
Seamanship |
|---|
| Navigation tactics and methods |
Rigging |
|---|
| Bends and hitches |
| Introduction to shackles |
Boat works |
|---|
| Instructions on boat pulling |
| Steering of boats under oars |
| Whaler sailing instructions |
Ship and Boat Modeling |
|---|
| Maintenance and care of tools |
Search and rescue |
|---|
| SAR organization in the Indian ocean |
Swimming |
|---|
| Floating and free style swimming |
Dear to all the muses |
|---|
| Lessons: (a) Warrior against weeds, (b) Almost forgiving ape, (c) A young Turkish catastrophe, (d) A tiny sanctuary, (e) Mano majra, (f) Jamaican fragment, (g) The heritage of India, (h) Gold in the north, (i) My greatest olympic prize |
| Lessons: (j) The green revolution, (k) The snob, (l) Most dear to all the muses, (m) The case for the defence |
Literary petals |
|---|
| Lessons: (a) Hind ki chadar Sri Guru Teg Bahadur, (b) The gambling match, (c) The eternal why, (d) After twenty years, (e) Attacked by pit bulls, (f) The conjurer's revenge, (g) The boy who broke the bank |
| Poems: (a) Border guards, (b) My heart leaps when I behold, (c) The quality of mercy, (d) The fancy dress show, (e) The song of India, (f) The tree fell down, (g) The world today is wild with the delirium of hatred, (h) Slave? no master |
| Poems: (i) The unrest of desire, (j) Is this the end?, (k) Guru, (I) A river tern on the Ganga |
Act plays |
|---|
| Content: (a) The bishop’s candlesticks, (b) The miracle-merchant, (c) The king’s warrant, (d) The monkey’s paw |
Novel |
|---|
| Pride and prejudice |
Paragraph writing/ extended composition |
|---|
Translation |
|---|
| Paragraph from Hindi/ Punjabi to English |
Applied grammar |
|---|
| Content: (a) Change of narration, (b) Change of voice, (c) Joining two simple sentences into one using linkers, etc, (d) use of modals, (e) transformation of sentences (use of gerunds, infinities, participles adverbials) |
Unseen passages for testing reading skills |
|---|
Lessons for Intensive study |
|---|
| Hassan's attendance problem-Sudha Murthy |
| The march king-Katherine Little Bakeless |
| Thinking out of the box: Lateral thinking (adapted from the article from Internet) |
| On saying 'please'-A. G. Gardiner |
| The story of my life-Helen Keller |
| Two gentlemen of verona-A. J. Cronin |
| In celebration of being alive-Dr. Christian Barnard |
| Gadari babas in Kalapani jail-Dr. Harish Puri |
Poetry |
|---|
| Prayer of the woods-anonymous |
| On Friendship-Khalil Gibran |
| The Echoing Green-William Blake |
| Once upon a time-Gabriel Okara |
| Father returning home-Dilip Chitre |
| The road not taken-Robert Frost |
| On his blindness-John Milton |
Lessons for extensive study |
|---|
| The school for sympathy-E. V. Lucas |
| A chamelon-Anton Chekhov |
| Bholi-K. A. Abbas |
| The gold frame-R. K. Luxman |
| The Barber's trade union-Mulk Raj Anand |
| The bull beneath the Earth-K. S. Virk |
Grammar |
|---|
| Determiners |
| Use of non-finites (infinitives, gerunds, participles) |
| Transformation of sentences |
| Voice |
| Narration |
Composition |
|---|
| Precis writing |
| Letter writing (official/ business/ to editors) |
| Applications |
| Explaining newspaper headlines |
| Email writing |
Translation |
|---|
| Translation from English to Hindi/ Punjabi and translation form Hindi/ Punjabi to English |
The great Mughals and their legacy to the Punjab |
|---|
Shri Guru Nanak Dev Ji |
|---|
Successors of Shri Guru Nanak Dev Ji |
|---|
Banda Singh Bahadur and his martyrdom |
|---|
Sikhs became the masters of the Punjab |
|---|
The Punjab under Maharaja Ranjit Singh |
|---|
The British occupation of the Punjab |
|---|
Some famous legends of the Punjab |
|---|
| (i) Puran Bhagat, (ii) Heer Ranjha, (iii) Sohni Mahiwal |
Classical Literature of the medieval period |
|---|
Map |
|---|
| Banda Singh Bahadur |
| Shri Guru Gobind Singh |
| Maharaja Ranjit Singh |
| First Anglo-Sikh war |
| Second Anglo-Sikh war |
Ace your NEET preparation with ALLEN Online Programs
Students can follow the given tips while preparing for PSEB 12th exams 2024-
Also, read
According to the examination pattern of PSEB 12th exams 2024, there are four compulsory subjects. Out of which, the examination for Environmental Education and Computer Science will be conducted at school level only.
The minimum PSEB passing marks 2024 in 12th exams are 33 marks. The marks division for theory exam, practical exam and internal assessment are listed below.
1) Compulsory subjects mark distribution
| Subject | Theory Marks | Practical Marks | CCE Marks | Total Marks | Min. Pass Marks |
| General English | 65 | - | 10 | 75 | 25 |
| General Punjabi/ Punjab History and Culture | 65 | - | 10 | 75 | 25 |
| Environmental Education | 45 | - | 5 | 50 | 17 |
| Computer Science | 50 | 40 | 10 | 100 | 33 |
2) Exam Pattern for Elective Subjects
In addition to compulsory subjects, students need to opt for elective subjects from a group of the following subjects:
3) Students might also opt for one additional subject in addition to three elective subjects from groups of science, humanities or agriculture.
While preparing for the PSEB 12th exams 2024, students must practice previous years question papers and model test papers to know the exam pattern, marking scheme and typology of questions.
These PSEB 12th model test papers also help students to analyze their performance and prepare accordingly. One should try to solve these papers in the stipulated time as it will develop time management skills.
Punjab School Education Board will declare the result of PSEB 12th exams 2023 in May 2024. Students need to enter their roll number to view the scores obtained by them in PSEB 12th exams 2024. The result of Punjab board 12th exam 2024 contains the student's name, roll number, subjects, marks obtained in theory and practical, total marks.
Steps to check PSEB 12th Result 2024
| Contacts: | 01725227423 |
| +2 More | |
| Relevant Links: | Official Website Link Click Here |
| +1 More |
Answer:
There is no such a provision to apply for the change of exam centre as the centre is allotted as per preferences filled in the form.
Answer:
PSEB Class 12 exams were held from February 13 to March 30, 2024.
Answer:
Yes, you can opt for additional subjects in PSEB 12th while filling the form.
Answer:
Only private students can download PSEB 12th admit card 2024 from the official website and regular students can collect the same from respective schools.
Answer:
Individual students can apply for PSEB 12th open school exams in online mode as private students.
I am not sure of which college you're talking about but you've got pretty good scores in 12th boards and there is a high chance of getting admissions in many of the government colleges of India if they are taking admissions based on merit.
As for your good, i will suggest you to give CUET exam and by scoring good in that exam you can easily get admission in some of the top universities in India like Delhi University, BHU, Aligarh University , and many more.
Dear candidates,
To check PSEB senior secondary examination result at pseb.ac.in, click on the download 'result link'. Enter registration number, roll number. The results will appear on the screen. Download it,
hope this helps!!
All the Best!!
Hello Aspirant,
PSEB class 12th exam has been postponed. Kindly stay tuned with the official website or Careers360 to get the updated information.
https://school.careers360.com/exams/pseb-12th
Good Luck!
Hello,
The offcial website of Cbse provides the materials to the students for practice. You can visit the site to get the papers for all the subjects and for previous years as well. The website also has model paper to help the students in examination preparation. The link for the official website is as follows:
http://cbse.nic.in/newsite/examination.html
The latest paper of this year would be available in few weeks or months on the official website as the paper has just finished so it will take time for the management to cover all the papers of all the subjects and then upload it together.
Yr school open kar deo yr 12th paper dena aa firr koe hor kamm v kar na yr jisa na marna hos na mar jan par school ta open kar deo
01725227423
01725227424
01725227425
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