NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Physics 2024-25

NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Physics 2024-25 - Download PDF

Edited By Mallika Thaledder | Updated on Dec 09, 2024 05:04 PM IST

NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Physics 2024-25- NCERT released the Class 12th Physics syllabus that is followed by different CBSE and State Board schools. CBSE strictly follows the NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Physics 2024-25 to add value to their curriculum. Here, NCERT Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2024-25 is provided for the student's convenience.

NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Physics 2024-25 - Download PDF

Students must the CBSE 12th date sheet to prepare a study schedule before the examination. The syllabus contains detailed information about the CBSE 12th course structure, exam pattern, practicals, investigatory projects & other important details. Students must go through the NCERT Book for Class 12 Physics thoroughly to cover the entire syllabus. Read the article to know the in-depth details about the NCERT syllabus for Class 12 Physics 2024-25 along with the exam pattern and marking scheme.

NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Physics 2024-25 - Highlights

The syllabus for NCERT Class 12 Physics consists of 10 units.
NCERT provides a separate syllabus for theory and practical examinations.
The theory paper is marked out of 70 while the practical is marked out of 30.
The marking scheme for each unit differs from the other.
NCERT Books are prepared based on the NCERT curriculum.
NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Physics is also included in the JEE Main syllabus and NEET syllabus.

Benefits of NCERT Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2024-25

CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Physics 2024-25 acts as a key to preparing well for the students. Some of the benefits of the same are mentioned below:

NCERT syllabus is the common curriculum for most of the board exams and other exams such as the KVPY scholarship exam. Thus this will help candidates prepare for other exams as well, along with the 12th board.
The syllabus helps the students to prepare for the exams in a definite pattern and structure.
NCERT Syllabus for class 12 Physics 2024-25 gives a clear idea to a student about the important topics of the exam.
It also mentions the weightage of different units and chapters which helps to get an overview of the marks distribution in the exam.

Also read,

NCERT CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Physics 2024-25

Below mentioned are the chapter-wise important topics of physics and the respective marking scheme.

Unit	NCERT Chapter-wise Solution	Important Topics	Marks
I	Electrostatics		17
	Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields	Electric Charges; Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law- force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field, superposition principle, and continuous charge distribution. Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, etc.
	Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance	Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor, electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field, etc.
II	Current Electricity
	Chapter 3: Current Electricity	Ohm's law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear) Carbon resistors, Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current, electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, colour code for carbon resistors; series and parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance, etc
III	Magnetic Effect of Current & Magnetism		18
	Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism	Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment. Biot - Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop. Straight and toroidal solenoids (only qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields, Cyclotron.Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, etc.
	Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter	Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron, magnetic field lines; earth's magnetic field and magnetic elements, magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis, torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, etc
IV	Electromagnetic Induction & Alternating Current
	Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction	Electromagnetic induction; Lenz's Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual induction. Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current.
	Chapter 7: Alternating Current	Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; power factor, wattless current, LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits, etc
V	Electromagnetic Waves		17
	Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves	Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their Transverse nature (qualitative ideas only), etc
VI	Optics
	Chapter-9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments	Power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through a prism. Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications, optical fibres, etc
	Chapter-10: Wave Optics	Young's double slit experiment and expression for fringe width, Wave front and Huygen's principle, Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen's principle, coherent sources and sustained interference of light, diffraction due to a single slit, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wave fronts. Interference, etc.
VII	Dual Nature of Matter		11
	Chapter-11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter	Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation-particle nature of light, etc.
VIII	Atoms & Nuclei
	Chapter-12: Atoms	Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum, Rutherford's model of atom.
	Chapter-13: Nuclei	Composition and size of nucleus, Radioactivity, alpha, beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties; radioactive decay law, etc.
IX	Electronic Devices		7
	Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits	Semiconductor diode - I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier, Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only), etc.	7
	Total		70

Unit	NCERT Chapter-wise Solution	Important Topics	Marks
I	Electrostatics		17
	Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields	Electric Charges; Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law- force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field, superposition principle, and continuous charge distribution. Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, etc.
	Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance	Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor, electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field, etc.
II	Current Electricity
	Chapter 3: Current Electricity	Ohm's law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear) Carbon resistors, Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current, electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, colour code for carbon resistors; series and parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance, etc
III	Magnetic Effect of Current & Magnetism		18
	Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism	Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment. Biot - Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop. Straight and toroidal solenoids (only qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields, Cyclotron.Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, etc.
	Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter	Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron, magnetic field lines; earth's magnetic field and magnetic elements, magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis, torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, etc
IV	Electromagnetic Induction & Alternating Current
	Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction	Electromagnetic induction; Lenz's Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual induction. Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current.
	Chapter 7: Alternating Current	Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; power factor, wattless current, LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits, etc
V	Electromagnetic Waves		17
	Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves	Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their Transverse nature (qualitative ideas only), etc
VI	Optics
	Chapter-9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments	Power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through a prism. Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications, optical fibres, etc
	Chapter-10: Wave Optics	Young's double slit experiment and expression for fringe width, Wave front and Huygen's principle, Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen's principle, coherent sources and sustained interference of light, diffraction due to a single slit, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wave fronts. Interference, etc.
VII	Dual Nature of Matter		11
	Chapter-11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter	Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation-particle nature of light, etc.
VIII	Atoms & Nuclei
	Chapter-12: Atoms	Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum, Rutherford's model of atom.
	Chapter-13: Nuclei	Composition and size of nucleus, Radioactivity, alpha, beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties; radioactive decay law, etc.
IX	Electronic Devices		7
	Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits	Semiconductor diode - I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier, Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only), etc.	7
	Total		70

NCERT Syllabus for Class 12 Other Subjects

CBSE Class 12 Physics Practical Exam Syllabus

The combined CBSE syllabus for the physics practical exam is mentioned below:

Particular	Marks in 2025
Two experiments, one from each section	7+7
Practical record [experiments and activities]	5
One activity from any section	3
Investigatory Project	3
Viva on experiments, activities and project	5
Total	30

CBSE Class 12 Physics Theory Exam Syllabus

The combined CBSE syllabus for the physics theory exam has not changed. Check out the CBSE 12th Physics theory syllabus marking pattern in the table below:

Unit No. and Name	Chapter/s Name	Marks
1. Electrostatics	Electric Charges and Fields Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance	16
2. Current Electricity	Current Electricity	16
3. Magnetic Effect of Current & Magnetism	Moving Charges and Magnetism Magnetism and Matter	17
4. Electromagnetic Induction & Alternating Currents	Electromagnetic Induction Alternating Currents	17
5. Electromagnetic Waves	Electromagnetic Waves	18
6. Optics	Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Wave Optics	18
7. Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter	Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter	12
8. Atoms and Nuclei	Atoms Nuclei	12
9. Electronic Devices	Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits	7
Total		70

How to Prepare for NCERT CBSE Class 12 Physics 2024-25?

Try to give answers using pictorial or graphical representations as this way is more appealing and understandable.
Students are advised to practice numerical and derivations daily. The basic concepts must be clear to score high
Candidates should learn the S.I. units for all physical entities. This will make it easy for them to solve numerical.
Prefer making a list of derivations, formulae, and experiments so that students may go through them frequently. This will help them to remember the formulae well.
While solving a derivation, try to understand the logic behind them. Understanding the concept behind the derivation will help the candidates to broaden their technical knowledge.
After finishing the syllabus, students must solve questions from CBSE 12 sample papers and books like Exam Idea in Physics.

NCERT Books for class 12 all Subjects

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Why Should You Use the CBSE Physics Syllabus for Class 12 2025?

Students must read the NCERT Class 12 Physics Syllabus on a daily basis to become more familiar with the examination format.

2. How Can the Class 12 Physics Syllabus Assist You?

The primary purpose for getting the Physics syllabus is to make your planning more organised and efficient. Examine all of the parts and their relative weightages. It will assist you in analysing the parts and proceeding appropriately. It will assist you in completing the curriculum quickly.

3. What is the number of units provided in the CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus?

There are 9 units available in the CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus with 14 chapters.

Also Read

NCERT Class 12 Maths Notes - Download Chapter wise Free PDFs

NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 9 Notes Ray Optics and Optical Instruments - Download PDF

NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 8 Notes Electromagnetic Waves - Download PDF

NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 7 Notes Alternating Current - Download PDF

NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 6 Notes Electromagnetic Induction - Download PDF

NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 5 Notes Magnetism and Matter - Download PDF

NCERT Books for Class 12 - Download All Subjects PDFs Here

NCERT Solutions for Miscellaneous Exercise Chapter 7 Class 12 - Integrals

NCERT Solutions for Exercise 4.1 Class 11 Maths Chapter 4 - Principle of Mathematical Induction

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 11 Three Dimensional Geometry

NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Physics Solutions Chapter 8 Electromagnetic Waves

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Popular Questions

A block of mass 0.50 kg is moving with a speed of 2.00 ms^-1 on a smooth surface. It strikes another mass of 1.00 kg and then they move together as a single body. The energy loss during the collision is

Option 1) $0.34\; J$	Option 2) $0.16\; J$
Option 3) $1.00\; J$	Option 4) $0.67\; J$

A person trying to lose weight by burning fat lifts a mass of 10 kg upto a height of 1 m 1000 times. Assume that the potential energy lost each time he lowers the mass is dissipated. How much fat will he use up considering the work done only when the weight is lifted up ? Fat supplies 3.8×10⁷J of energy per kg which is converted to mechanical energy with a 20% efficiency rate. Take g = 9.8 ms⁻² :

Option 1)

2.45×10⁻³ kg

Option 2)

6.45×10⁻³ kg

Option 3)

9.89×10⁻³ kg

Option 4)

12.89×10⁻³ kg

An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated to be in the range

Option 1) $2,000 \; J - 5,000\; J$	Option 2) $200 \, \, J - 500 \, \, J$
Option 3) $2\times 10^{5}J-3\times 10^{5}J$	Option 4) $20,000 \, \, J - 50,000 \, \, J$

A particle is projected at 60⁰ to the horizontal with a kinetic energy $K$ . The kinetic energy at the highest point

Option 1) $K/2\,$	Option 2) $\; K\;$
Option 3) $zero\;$	Option 4) $K/4$

In the reaction,

$2Al_{(s)}+6HCL_{(aq)}\rightarrow 2Al^{3+}\, _{(aq)}+6Cl^{-}\, _{(aq)}+3H_{2(g)}$

Option 1) $11.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}$ at STP is produced for every mole $HCL_{(aq)}$ consumed	Option 2) $6L\, HCl_{(aq)}$ is consumed for ever $3L\, H_{2(g)}$ produced
Option 3) $33.6 L\, H_{2(g)}$ is produced regardless of temperature and pressure for every mole Al that reacts	Option 4) $67.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}$ at STP is produced for every mole Al that reacts .

How many moles of magnesium phosphate, $Mg_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$ will contain 0.25 mole of oxygen atoms?

Option 1) 0.02	Option 2) 3.125 × 10^-2
Option 3) 1.25 × 10^-2	Option 4) 2.5 × 10^-2

If we consider that 1/6, in place of 1/12, mass of carbon atom is taken to be the relative atomic mass unit, the mass of one mole of a substance will

Option 1) decrease twice	Option 2) increase two fold
Option 3) remain unchanged	Option 4) be a function of the molecular mass of the substance.

With increase of temperature, which of these changes?

Option 1) Molality	Option 2) Weight fraction of solute
Option 3) Fraction of solute present in water	Option 4) Mole fraction.

Number of atoms in 558.5 gram Fe (at. wt.of Fe = 55.85 g mol^-1) is

Option 1) twice that in 60 g carbon	Option 2) 6.023 × 10²²
Option 3) half that in 8 g He	Option 4) 558.5 × 6.023 × 10²³

A pulley of radius 2 m is rotated about its axis by a force F = (20t - 5t²) newton (where t is measured in seconds) applied tangentially. If the moment of inertia of the pulley about its axis of rotation is 10 kg m² , the number of rotations made by the pulley before its direction of motion if reversed, is