How many types of Tissues are found in Animals?

Types Of Animal Tissue

According to their function, four types of animal tissue are present in the animal body.

1. Epithelial tissue

2. Connective tissue

3. Nervous tissue

4. Muscle tissue

Introduction

Tissue is the group of cells which have similar work and similar function. Tissue is the more organized form than the cell. Tissue makes a system. Xavier Bichat introduced the word 'tissue' and founder of the tissue, And it is the father of histology. Histology is the study of tissue. Anatomy is the microscopic analysis of tissue or cells of tissue. The study of disease related to tissue is called histopathology. Nowadays a new concept has arrived that is tissue engineering. Tissue engineering is the field where artificially synthesis of tissue by the help of nanotechnology. Along with this graft, it is also possible to remove infected or damaged parts of the tissue.

Brief Explanation of Animal Tissues

1. Epithelial tissue

It provided a protective and covering layer. It acts as a mechanical barrier for pathogenic microorganisms. It covers organs and cavities found in the body. Along with this it separates other systems. For example skin is present in mouth lining, blood vessels lining, lining in lung alveoli. It is tightly packed. And It is structurally arranged in continuous sheet form. These tissues are bound by adhesive material called cement material. Cement material present between the two cells. Between these two cell gaps are absent.

In epithelial tissue, 4 types of cell are present - A. Squamous epithelial cell, B. Stratified squamous epithelial cell, C. Cuboidal cell and D. Columnar cell.

A. Squamous epithelial cell

It is a large sized cell and it contains a small sized nucleus. It forms casts by folding. Squamous epithelial cells are present in epithelial tissue

B. Stratified squamous epithelial cell

It is one type of squamous epithelial cell. It gives a protective mechanism against microbes. And it does not allow water loss. Squamous epithelial cells layer is thin and flat, and it forms a lining-like structure. Esophagus and mouth lining covered by squamous epithelium cells. The skin is also made of squamous epithelium cells. Epithelial cells of skin are arranged in many layers and it prevents tear. If an epithelium cell is arranged in layers form then it is called stratified squamous epithelium cell. In squamous epithelial cell absorption and secretion found.

C. Cuboidal cell

Cuboidal epithelium cell means cube shape. It is found in the lining of the kidney, salivary glands etc. It provides mechanical support. Epithelial cells open with specialized gland cells and secrete substances on the epithelial surface. Some portion of the epithelial tissue folds inertly and forms a multicellular gland. A cell of this gland is called a glandular epithelium cell.

D. Columnar cell

Columnar means pillar-like structure. The Columnar epithelium cell allows movement of material. It is found in the respiratory tract. Cilia like projection found in this cell and it helps in release of mucus from lung to the outside of the body. This type of epithelium cell is known as ciliated columnar cell. Columnar cell also known as Ciliated cell.

2. Connective tissue

Originate from the mesodermal layer. Several types of cells make this tissue such as fibroblasts cell, adipocytes, plasma cells, mast cell. Connective tissue supports other tissues and binds tissue like bone, blood and lymphatic tissue. Between cells of connective tissue less space is found. It possesses jelly like a matrix. This provides support to the body, for example bone; And along with that it provides support to the muscle and organ. It is a strong and flexible type of tissue. Cartilage and ligament is the one type of connective tissue. Various connective tissue is present in our body such as areolar tissue, adipose tissue, bone, tendon, ligament, cartilage and blood.

3. Nervous tissue

The cells of the brain, spinal cord and nerves are all composed of this tissue. Cells of this tissue are called nerve cells. Single neuron possesses a cell body and from that long hair-like structure is formed. Nerve cell made up of dendrites and axons. Nerve cells possess biochemical signals from all over the body.

4. Muscle tissue

It includes volunteer muscle which is responsible for the movement of the skeleton. Contractile protein present which is responsible for movement. Some smooth surrounds some organs of the human body such as the stomach. It is made up of elongated, which is known as muscle fiber. Contractile protein present which is responsible for movement. Three types of muscle tissue are present such as striated tissue, unstriated tissue and cardiac tissue.